Health CareTristyn, Hannah, Gwyneth

International – Ebola

How It Spreads

Africa

 EVD was first identified in an area of Sudan as well as Zaire (now Democratic Republic of Congo)

disease typically occurs in outbreaks in tropical regions of sub-Saharan Africa

he World Health Organization reported a total of 1,716 cases (between 1976-20130

Symptoms

Signs and symptoms typically start between two days and three weeks after contracting the virus• a fever• sore throat• muscle pain• headaches

Then comes• Vomiting• Diarrhea• Rash• Decreased function of the liver and kidneys• Bleeding within and externally

Six to sixteen days after symptoms appear and is often due to low blood pressure from fluid loss

How do we get it?

is acquired by contact with blood or other body fluids of an infected human or other animal

Humans become infected by contact with the bats or a living or dead animal that has been infected by bats.

Males can spread it with their semen for up to 2 months after being infected

Control

Outbreak control requires a coordinated series of medical services and a certain level of community engagement

MSF has been trying to make people aware of how their treatment of dead relatives might pose a risk to themselves but hard to get message across

medical services include• rapid detection• contact tracing• quick access to appropriate laboratory services• proper management of those who are infected• proper disposal of the dead through cremation• Body can still carry virus even if the carcass is dead

Medication

No specific treatment for the disease is yet available

Kills an average of 50% of those infected

The current outbreak is the deadliest since Ebola was discovered in 1976

Outbreaks

The largest outbreak to date is the ongoing 2014 West African Ebola outbreak, which is currently affecting:•  Guinea• Sierra Leone• Liberia

As of October 14,2014 there are 9,216 suspected cases resulting in the deaths of 4,555 have been reported

All previous outbreaks were much smaller and occurred in places where Ebola was already known

Who Discovered it?

 Nearly 40 years ago, a young Belgian scientist travelled to a remote part of the Congolese rainforest

Trying to find out why so many people were dying

a 27-year-old scientist and medical school graduate training as a clinical microbiologist

Carried virus on plane in a thermos with a note

Soon realized how deadly it was and proceeded with caution

How to contain the Virus

Go to an Ebola clinic to get tested

Serious measures when caring for people infected with Ebola include:• Barrier-isolation• Sterilizing equipment and

surfaces • Wearing protective clothing

including: Masks Gloves Gowns Goggles

Extreme measures

Quarantine, also known as enforced isolation, is usually effective in decreasing spread

Governments often quarantine areas where the disease is occurring or individuals who may transmit the disease outside of an initial area.

An example of this is Liberia closed it’s schools

Enterovirus D68: The common cold that kills?

A young man from Vancouver, B.C. has died of Enterovirus D68, marking the first Enterovirus D68 fatality in Canada.

Enterovirus D68 Enterovirus D68 is a respiratory

virus that typically causes mild cold symptoms such as coughing, sneezing, runny nose, fever, and muscle aches. However, the disease is beginning to be associated with much more severe symptoms including limb paralysis and neurological complications.

It is appears to be most likely to impact young children, as well as individuals with a history of asthma and respiratory problems.

Enterovirus D68

It was first identified in 1962 in California; and in the past the number of cases reported has been very low. Before the 2014 outbreak of the virus, only three fatalities had been attributed to D68, so health officials are struggling to understand why the number of cases is rising so rapidly. National case counts are growing by around 30 a day, but are expected to rise to 90 or more as it becomes more widespread.

Enterovirus D68

To date, Enterovirus D68 has caused more deaths in North America than Ebola. This includes the death of at least six children in the US under the age of 10.

-614+ reports of severe cases to date on October 2nd 2014, significantly increased since then

Bibliography http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebola_virus_disease#mediaviewer/File:EbolaSubmit2.png

https://www.google.ca/search?q=ebola+on+a+map&es_sm=91&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ei=0d5BVM2mJNfdoATguYAI&ved=0CAgQ_AUoAQ

http://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-26835233

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebola_virus_disease

Donahue, Jim. "Enterovirus D68 Spreading Across U.S. With Five Reported Deaths." Guardian Liberty Voice. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Oct. 2014.

"Enterovirus US Death Toll Surpasses Ebola." Enterovirus US Death Toll Surpasses Ebola. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 Oct. 2014.

"Mystery Surrounds Enterovirus D68, Possible Link to Paralysis." CTVNews. N.p., 12 Oct. 2014. Web. 21 Oct. 2014.

News, CBC. "Enterovirus D68 Linked to Death of B.C. Man." CBCnews. CBC/Radio Canada, 17 Oct. 2014. Web. 21 Oct. 2014.

"Young B.C. Man's Death Marks First Canadian Enterovirus D68 Fatality." British Columbia. N.p., 17 Oct. 2014. Web. 21 Oct. 2014.

"Enterovirus D68 and Paralysis." N.p., 3 Oct. 2014. Web. 20 Oct. 2014.