Harmonizing a Melody

AP MUSIC THEORY 2014

Remember…

• Utilize• Harmonies

• Harmonic Progression

• Cadences

• Counterpoint

• There is more than one correct answer!

• KISS

The Process1. The key is given – write out the I, ii (ii7), IV, V (V7) and vi in a chord

stack (your options) then IMMEDIATELY

2. Identify CADENCES and work with them first

3. Identify chord choices and start phrases with TONIC if possible

4. Determine HARMONIC RHYTHM (which notes will or will not be part of the harmony) (NCTs)

5. Make chord and inversion selections – KEEP IN MIND1. Standard Progressions

2. T-S-D-T

3. Contrary motion against melody

4. CREATE BASS LINE WITH CONSONANT counterpoint to the melody

5. Check work for correct resolution

Writing Cadences

• Use ONLY I/i, vi/VI, or V as last chord

• Do NOT invert the cadence

• Write PAC for the last (final) cadence

• Once this is complete – you are halfway done!

• P. 466-468 (Types of cadences and what to look for)

Phrase Beginnings

• Look at what they have given you – sometimes you can use the same progression from similar MELODIC PATTERNS

• What is the last chord written? Sometimes there is only ONE solutions (V42 I6)

• The new phrase is like STARTING OVER (ti does NOT have to resolve to do) – Tonic chord begins a new phrase!

• Phrases often begin on tonic and return to it by the 3rd or 4th chord

Everything Else

• You do NOT have to harmonize every beat (harmonic rhythm)

• Do NOT use NCTs in the bass

• Do NOT invert carelessly

• Do NOT use 7th chords except at cadences

• Remember that the interval of a 4th above the bass is considered dissonant and must resolve down by a step

• NO retrogression (V-VI or V-ii6) (ii-IV)

• Write standard progressions such as… vi – ii – V – I ‘

• P. 471: Examples