harlow exercise for cancer survivors 2010 › content › dam › public...acknowledgements and...

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Lexi Harlow, DPT, CLT Physical Therapy Department Seattle Cancer Care Alliance June 26 th , 2010

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Page 1: Harlow Exercise for Cancer Survivors 2010 › content › dam › public...Acknowledgements and References “Clinical Implications for Therapists Working with Oncology Patients”,

Lexi Harlow, DPT, CLTPhysical Therapy DepartmentSeattle Cancer Care Alliance

June 26th, 2010

Page 2: Harlow Exercise for Cancer Survivors 2010 › content › dam › public...Acknowledgements and References “Clinical Implications for Therapists Working with Oncology Patients”,

Presentation Topics1) What are the benefits of exercise?2) How can exercise help cancer survivors?3) What does research on survivors tell us about the 

importance of exercise?4) How much and what should I do for exercise?5) How can physical therapy help me?6) What exercise programs are available for cancer 

survivors?

Page 3: Harlow Exercise for Cancer Survivors 2010 › content › dam › public...Acknowledgements and References “Clinical Implications for Therapists Working with Oncology Patients”,

General Benefits of Exercise

Cardiovascular fitness Building muscle strength

Cancer and chronic disease prevention

Weight loss Improve balance Osteoporosis prevention

Decrease depression Energy boost Improve sleep quality

PHYSICAL EMOTIONAL

lifestyleguide.us

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How Can Exercise Help Cancer Survivors?

The benefits of exercise and physical activity can help survivors to address some of the side effects of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation.

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Possible Side Effects of Surgery Scar tissue restrictions Limited range of motion or flexibility

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Possible Side Effects of Chemotherapy

Change of body image‐Hair loss‐Weight gain or loss

Diarrhea or malnutrition Peripheral edema

Fever, risk of infection Orthostatic hypotension Peripheral neuropathy Balance loss

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Possible Side Effects of Radiation

Fatigue Osteopenia Neutropenia Radiation induced fibrosis contracture

Fragile skin or tissue

Page 8: Harlow Exercise for Cancer Survivors 2010 › content › dam › public...Acknowledgements and References “Clinical Implications for Therapists Working with Oncology Patients”,

What Do Survivors Notice? “I can’t get my shoes on anymore.”

(Edema or swelling in feet) “I can’t lift what I used to be able to.”

(Decreased strength or muscle mass)  “I catch myself stumbling or reaching for the wall.”(Decreased balance and safety)

“I need someone to help me do chores around the house.”(Decreased independence)

“I have to rest when going upstairs or on inclines.”(Decreased endurance)

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Do Survivors Need Exercise?

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Research: Survivors and Exercise

“Survivors tend to decrease their physical activity levels after their diagnosis of cancer, and most continue lower levels of activity through treatment and beyond, rarely returning to their pre‐diagnosis levels of activity.”

Irwin, Crumley, McTiernan, et al. 2003; Courneya & Friedenreich 1997

www.examiner.com

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Summary of Exercise ResearchWhat types of cancer have been studied?

ProstateBreast Lung ColorectalGynecologicHead/NeckLymphomaLeukemia

What has exercise improved in cancer survivors?

Aerobic fitnessMuscle strengthBody compositionPainDepressionFatigueQuality of LifeChance of RecurrenceMortality

Page 12: Harlow Exercise for Cancer Survivors 2010 › content › dam › public...Acknowledgements and References “Clinical Implications for Therapists Working with Oncology Patients”,

New Cancer Exercise Guidelines New recommendations made after expert panel reviewed and evaluated literature on the safety and outcomes of exercise training during and after cancer therapy.

Cancer patients and survivors should get the same 150 minutes per week of moderate‐intensity aerobic exercise that is recommended for the general public.

Health care providers should tailor exercise recommendations to individual patients based on fitness level and side effects from treatment.

University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine (2010, June 1).  New cancer guidelines: Exercise during and after treatment is now encouraged. Science Daily.  

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Page 14: Harlow Exercise for Cancer Survivors 2010 › content › dam › public...Acknowledgements and References “Clinical Implications for Therapists Working with Oncology Patients”,

World Cancer Research Fund: Physical Activity Recommendations for Survivors

Be physically active as part of everyday life Be moderately physically active, equivalent to brisk walking, for at least 30 minutes every day

As fitness improves, aim for 60 minutes or more of moderate, or for 30 minutes or more of vigorous, physical activity every day

Limit sedentary habits such as watching television

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General Exercise Recommendations

US Dept of Health and Human Services: 

2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Adult Americans

2.5 hours/week of moderate intensity or 1.25 hours/week of vigorous intensity

Should increase to 5 hours/week of moderate intensity or 2.5 hours/week of vigorous intensity

2x/week of strengthening of major muscle groups

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General Exercise Recommendations

Cardiovascular Daily if possible, minimum of 30 minutes

Warm‐up/Cool‐down Target HR Zone

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General Exercise RecommendationsStrength training 2‐3x/week  For arms, abdominals, and legs

Slow, steady progression

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General Exercise Recommendations

Stretching 2‐3x/week Avoiding injury Importance of technique Yoga

www.emzr.com

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Exercise Precautions Always consult with your MD or other practitioner to clear you for exercise

Seek advice from a trained professional (PT) Blood lab values (platelets, Hct, Hgb)MetastasesHeart conditions Lymphedema Chronic orthopedic injuries

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Other Considerations

Gradually increase time and intensity Proper hydration and rest Cross training Use of appropriate equipment Dressing properly

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HELP! Join a team (accountability)

Get your spouse, best friend, children, or animals to join in

Exercise journal or log Local classes or support groups

Join a gymwww.foreverfitwomen.com

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PHYSICAL THERAPY! Survivors should get consultation as soon as possible after diagnosis

Focus on education, especially exercise precautions and safety 

Manual therapy (stretching, scar tissue mobility, etc.)

Page 23: Harlow Exercise for Cancer Survivors 2010 › content › dam › public...Acknowledgements and References “Clinical Implications for Therapists Working with Oncology Patients”,

PHYSICAL THERAPY! Exercise prescription and consultation for managing fatigue and improving endurance

Comprehensive individually tailored exercise program prescription which includes cardiovascular conditioning, strength training, and flexibility exercises

Page 24: Harlow Exercise for Cancer Survivors 2010 › content › dam › public...Acknowledgements and References “Clinical Implications for Therapists Working with Oncology Patients”,

Seattle Area Exercise Programs Cancer Lifeline 

(www.cancerlifeline.org)‐Stretch and Strengthen, Yoga, Lebed

Team Survivor Northwest(www.teamsurvivornw.org)‐Women only; yoga, fitness training, swimming, hiking, dragon boating and canoeing, biking

Gilda’s Club(www.gildasclubseattle.org)‐Yoga, Pilates, Tai Chi

YMCA Exercise and Thrive(www.seattleymca.org)‐10 week fitness program; need medical clearance

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12‐week, 2x/week, 90 min. strength and fitness program for survivors

Training provided by Y and the SCCA / Hutchinson Center

Content foci: resistance exercisedidactic/support

13 locations, 26 sessions to date

www.fhcrc.org/exerciseandthrive

Exercise and Thrive Program

Page 26: Harlow Exercise for Cancer Survivors 2010 › content › dam › public...Acknowledgements and References “Clinical Implications for Therapists Working with Oncology Patients”,

EXERCISE!

Exercise is something you have control over before, during, and after treatment…this doesn’t change.

You may not have control over many factors during treatment…but you do have a say in helping yourself recover faster, making yourself feel better, and ensuring a great quality of life as a cancer survivor!

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Acknowledgements and References

“Clinical Implications for Therapists Working with Oncology Patients”, 11/06, Andrea Leiserowitz, MPT

Rachel Douglas, MPT American Cancer Society Nutrition and Physical Activity During and After Cancer 

Treatment: An American Cancer Society Guide for Informed Choices; Doyle et. al; CA Cancer J Clin 2006;56;323‐353.

World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research. Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and the Prevention of Cancer: a Global Perspective. Washington, DC: AICR, 2007.

US Department of Health and Human Services: 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans

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ANY QUESTIONS?