hankia august 2009 – evolo, hybrid rye...hankia august 2009 – evolo, hybrid rye v/claus nymand 2...
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Hankia August 2009 – Evolo, hybrid ryeV/Claus Nymand
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Grain with high quality!
EVOLO plus 10% POLLENPLUS®
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Scope of application is various
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Ethanoloutput per % of starch % Starch in DM Litre alcohol/
100 kg rawmaterial DMLitre alcohol per
percent starch
2003 2004 2003 2004 2003 2004
Winterwheat 68,30 68,73 43,8 44,4 0,64 0,65
Wintertriticale 69,83 69,77 43,9 43,9 0,63 0,63
Winterrye 63,36 65,7 43,0 43,3 0,68 0,66
(Quelle: BayWa AG München, Dr. A. Rosenberger, 2005, verändert)
Bio-ethanol/alcohol
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Specific costs per m³ Methane
(Que
lle: S
chind
ler, L
andw
irtsch
afska
mmer
Nied
ersa
chse
n, 20
05,
verä
nder
t)
0,208 0,217 0,231 0,2380,267
0,2980,338
0,3660,401
0,212
0
0,05
0,1
0,15
0,2
0,25
0,3
0,35
0,4
0,45
Mais
Rogge
n GPS
Tritic
ale G
PS
Weizen
GPS
Sonne
nblum
en
Grassila
geRap
s
Phace
lia
Getreid
ekorn
Ölrettic
h
Eur
o/m
³ Met
hane
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
m³ M
etha
n/ha
Euro/m³ Methan Methanerträge in m³/ha
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Energy in cereals – for slaughter pigs above 40 kg
Vinter-hvede
Triti-cale
Vinter-rug
Vår-byg Havre
FEsv/hkg 115 113 110 102 87MJ/hkg 1438 1413 1375 1225 1038Yield in hkg/ha ?
FEsv = Feed units for slaughter pigs (DK system using EFOS analysisMetabolich energy = MJ (mega joule)
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Undigestible carbohydrates (+lignin)
Dietary fibre 10-15 %
Macronutrients= EnergyStarch 50-60 %
Fat 2-5 %Protein 10-15 %
RYE GRAINS: A RAW MATERIAL WITH MANY HEALTH BENEFITS
Dietary fibrecomplex
Phytochemicals + Micronutrients
=“Co-passangers"
Phyto-estrogens
Antioxidants Enzyme inhibitors
PhenolicsPhytic acid
Sterols Vitamins Minerals
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Rye: Healthy & Good !
Nutrient Content / 100 g Rye-flour
Bread
Rye-mixedBread
RyeWhole-grainBread
Energy (kcal) 217 218 201
Carbohydrates (g)(amount of Starch)
45,5(90%)
46,0(92%)
41,1(93%)
Protein (g) 5,9 5,7 6,1
Fat (g) 1,0 0,9 1,0
Dietary Fibre (g)(Rel. water solub./insolub.)
6,2(1 : 1,0)
4,9(1 : 1,1)
8,5(1 : 1,8)
Source: GMF; based on BLS; “Federal Food Key”, German Nutrient Data Base
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Quality – for bread
Sortsnavn Type Yield potential Kornvægt Protein Falling number Viscosity . kar. 1 - 9 kar. 1 - 9 kar. 1 - 9 kar. 1 - 9 kar. 1 - 9Evolo Hybrid 9 9 4 7 8Visello Hybrid 8 8 4 6 8Rasant Hybrid 8 8 3 4 4Askari Hybrid 7 7 4 5 7Carotop Population 5 8 4 5 6Picasso Hybrid 7 8 4 7 9Rotari Population 6 7 4 6Amilo Population 4 8 6 8 6Matador Population 4 6 4 5 4
= informationer from BSA Germany
Pollen Plus Technology
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Cyclus for ergot development
Earn with Sklerotien
germinated Sklerotium with ovary (Perithecien)
Ovary with small head and stalk
Ovary with snake cells (Asci) and spores (Ascosporen)
Ascus with Ascospores
germination Ascospore
Flowering ear
KonidieMycelium will develop in ovary
Infested ear with Honeydew, who fix the Konidie (Nebenfruchtform)
inmature Sklerotium
mature Sklerotium
After winter Sklerotium
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EVOLO plus 10% POLLENPLUS®
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Quick method for selection
more precise
POLLENPLUS®-Technology – marker selection
-Poor pollen production
With POLLENPLUS®
Test materiale
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medium hybrid No mix
medium hybridMix 10% con
medium conventionel rye
POLLENPLUS®hybrid rug
Hybrid Rye with POLLENPLUS®
> > improved pollen formation> > more healthy ear and less ergot> > tolerant towards stress
high · ear health · low
Infection level of ergot in inoculation trials, schematic presentation(Lochow-Petkus, evaluation is based on own trials, 2004)
Hybrid rye in the Nordics
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Sweden have from the mid 90’ties, changes from population rye to hybrid rye and now the procentage og hybrids are more than 75%
o Yield improved by about 20%o Evolo plus 10% PP and Visello
Norway started approximately 10 years agoo Now more than 90% of all rye grown is from hybridso Yields are between 5-8 ton per hectare depending on area and precrop.o Yield improvement more than 25%o Evolo plus 10%PP and Palazzo
Finland introduced the first hybrid in 2005o Acreage is every year growing but still not reached 30%o Evolo plus 10%PP
Baltics – especially Latvia and Lithuaniao Acreage with hybrids still growing and might be close to 20-25% - unstable!o Visello PP, Evolo plus 10%PP, Placido plus 10%PP, Balistic plus 10%PP and
Gonello PP
Introduction of hybrids in the Nordic Region
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Fits well for the nordic conditions
Roggen Triticale Gerste Weizen
Keimtemperatur °C
- Minimum 1 - 2 1 - 3 2 - 4 2 - 4
- Optimum 20 - 25 20 - 25 20 - 25 20 - 25
Wachstumsbeginn °C 2 - 3 3 - 4 3 - 5 3 - 5
Vernalisationsbedarf
- Temperatur °C 0 - + 3 0 - + 3 0 - + 3 0 - + 3
- Dauer in Tagen 30 - 50 35 - 60 20 - 40 40 - 70
Winterhärte (ohne Schneedecke) °C - 25 - 18 - 15 - 20
Wasserbedarf in l/kg TS 250 - 300 280 - 380 250 - 350 300 - 400
Quelle: GEISLER, 1980
Introduction of hybrids in the Nordic Region
How to manage a hybrid?
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Hybrid effect
More tillers Bigger ears
Ifo Right sowing time o Correct seeding rateo Correct seeding deptho Correct soil management
- Drainage! Etc. - management
Seeding time and establishment
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Einfluss der Saatzeit auf den Kornertrag bei Getreide
80
90
100
110
-15 -13 -11 -9 -7 -5 -3 -1 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15
Tage
rel.Weizen
Gerste
Roggen
Seeding time and its influence on yield performance
1sep
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Goal for pl/m² in Rye – depending on seeding time and type
Treatment Earley 25 Aug
Mid1 Sep
Late5 Sep
Amount of stems 4-6 3 1 - 3
Seedrate Pl./m² Hybrids
160 200 220
Seedrate Pl./m² Population rye
180-200 250-300 300- 400
Goal is to have 550-600 earborn stems!
6 Sep20 Aug
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Visello – seed rateNormal – 400 seeds/m2 Low – 200 seeds/m2
-Higher crop- + 10-15 cm-risk for lodging- more but smaller ears
Bigger ears - grain weight?More even maturity
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Tillering400 pl/m2 200 pl/m2
1 or 2 stems no moreAbout 800 ears per m2but less developed!
mostly 3 stems – some 4! About 600 ears per m2 and wellDeveloped!
Seeding time – 27 SepMid-Sweden
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Seed rate recommendation
Recommended seedingrate - germinating kernels/m2 / Units per ha170/1,7 180/1,8 190/ 1,9 200 / 2,0 210 / 2,1 240 / 2,4
25-27 Aug 28-31Aug 1-3 sep 4-7 sep 8-11 sep 12-15 sep
Recommended amount of Unit per hectaresKg/unit 1,5 1,6 1,7 1,8 1,9 2,0 2,2 2,4
28 42 45 48 50 53 56 62 6729 44 46 49 52 55 58 64 7030 45 48 51 54 57 60 66 7231 47 50 53 56 59 62 68 7432 48 51 54 58 61 64 70 7733 50 53 56 59 63 66 73 7934 51 54 58 61 65 68 75 8235 53 56 60 63 67 70 77 8436 54 58 61 65 68 72 79 8637 56 59 63 67 70 74 81 8938 57 61 65 68 72 76 84 9139 59 62 66 70 74 78 86 9440 60 64 68 72 76 80 88 96
Seeding rate calcualtor for adjusting the drill maschine
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Seeding depth?Soil surface
0 cm2 cm
3-4 cm
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Reduced tillage contra ploughed
Reduced tillage require- Suitable drill maschine- correct rotation- good drainage
Plouging require-Enough capacity to drill quick after plouging-Seeds needs to be covered and not too deep
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Direct drilling
Precrop rye
Precrop spring wheat
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Plouged - precrop hybrid rye!
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90% of all ergot comes from the tracks!!
Prevent damaged plant on forland
Make sure that drill nozzles are closed
Better 3 than 2 drill nozzles closed
Fertilisation
33 April Mai
EC 29 30 31 32 37 39 49 51
MärzFebruar
50 - 60 N/harest P(20kg) K(50kg)
25 kg Sulphur
80 – 90 N/ha
N quantity – yield expectation x 2,0 – Nmin
Distribution: Start 35 %GS 32 65 %
Fertilisation strategy for Hybrid rye – late drilling
20 - 30 N/ha, late drilling50% of PK(10/25) or all
Crop protection
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Weed control
If possible it should be carried out in Autumn!!!o Rye is most tolerant towards the herbicides in the Autumno In order to get the best effect, grass weed has to be treated against
in Autumn Spring weed control
o Never use any kinds og phenoxy acids
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EC 30 31 32 37 39 51 61 65 71 75
Fungicide strategy in hybrid ryeBrownrust (+ Ryncho)Product???
Eyespot + Brownrust + Ryncho (+meldug)
Product ???
BrownrustProduct ???
- No treatment during flowering
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EC 21 25 29 30 31 32 34 39 49 59
(Fungicid) +(CCC 1,0 l/ha) + Moddus 0,2 l/ha (Cerone 0,2 l/ha) +
Moddus 0,2 l/ha+Insekticid + (evt.
Fungicid)
Growregulation
Sunlight is important
Harvest
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Harvest Harvest always when
o Moisture content first time is below 18% (might never come that low)
o The straw can easily be a bit green at harvest
Dryingo has to be dried down as soon after harvest as possible – not too
high heat on the dryer
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Hybrid rye 2008focus on seed rateI hope that your will have a nice harvest and that
you will decide to grow hybrid rye next year.
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Eat your lunch in the café,
but remember…
… to buy something
healthy
Really…Three chocklate
ice creams on rye bread!
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Rug kan også bruges til foder!
Sortsnavn FEsv pr. hkg FEsv pr. hkg FEso pr. hkg Fesv pr.ha2006 2007 2007
Gisetto . .LPH89 108,5 107,8 8171,24Evolo 112,8 109,5 108,6 7992,96Visello 113,4 110,4 109,4 7493,9Rasant 113,4Askari 111,7CarotopPicasso 112,1RotariRecrut 113,3Matador 111,8 110,1 109,1 6175,06
Ingen problemer med op til 25% iblanding af Rug i foderblanding til slagte svin – Per Tybirk, landskontoret, 2007
>vinterbyg>vårbyg>triticale
8527 FE/ha2006
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Spiredygtige planter/m² afhængig af såtid og sort
Tidlig1 sep
Middel10 sep
Sen20 sep
Buskningsgrad 4 - 5 3 - 4 2 – 3
Pl./m² Picasso
130 160 180
Pl./m²Evolo/Visello
150 180 200
Målet er at etablere 450-500 aks per/m2
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Vækstregulering Mål:
Tilpasning af bestand samt korrekt gødskning er grundstenen for at minimere risikoen for lejesæd
Ved for høje mængder af vækstregulering med efterfølgende stress – vil der være for stor negativ virkning.
Altid dobbeltbehandling med tilpassede mængder
Tidlig behandling før VS 30 med CCC kun ved sen såning eller ved meget tynd betand
Hans Hogreve, Ldw.Berater, Steinhagen
Såtidspunkt VS 29/30 VS 31/32 VS 37/39
Tidlig 1,5 CCC + 0,2 Moddus 0,2 Moddus + 0,2 Cerone
Middel 1,5 CCC + 0,2 Moddus 0,2 Moddus + 0,2 Cerone
Sen 1-1,5 CCC 0,3 Moddus (0,15 Moddus +0,15 Cerone)
Anbefalet vækstregulering i forhold til såtidspunkt
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Fungicid strategi Brunrust er ofte den mest tabsvoldende i rug
ved tidlige angreb kan det koste 25% udbytte Skoldplet og meldug sjældent behov for bekæmpelse Knækkeforsyge er normalt ikke et problem idet der ikke er tale om
kornsædskifte 1. Dobbelt behandling VS 31-32 og VS 49-59
- a. Azolfungicid (VS 31-32)- b. Strobilurin + Azolfungicid (VS 51 – 59)- c. (Azolfungicid i VS 61 ved stærke brunrust angreb)
2. Enkelt behandling i VS 39 - 55- Azol + Strobilurin ved begyndende brunrust angreb
Aldrig behandling fra blomstring til 10 dage efter!!!
Performance of hybrid rye
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0
5
10
15
20
25
30
1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
additional yield in dt x ha -1
compared to check variety 'Halo'
Year of National List Trial in Germany
1 1 : Registration of the first hybrid rye on Hohenheim University, followed by quick development og LP hybrids with considerable yield improvement, but at the same time followed by ergot problemd.
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2 : Lochow-Petkus invest heavily in research- and development programs with the goal to identify and utilise the restore genes. This results in a decrease in yield performance for some years.
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3 : Lochow-Petkus founds the PollenPlus teknology. Breeding focus are again focussed around yield performance and disease resistance.
population varieties
Effect of hybrid rye
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Yield potential for differnet crops in comparison to wheat
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130
yield potential of the test locations in dt ha -1 winter wheat
grai
n yi
eld
in d
t ha
-1
Yield of winter wheat in dt/ha
Yiel
d in
dt h
a -1
Hybrid rye
population rye
triticale
winter barley
Winter wheat
Rigional trials in Germany (N=148) 2000-2003Hybrid rye has the highest
potential on soils with wheat potential lower than 9,3 t/ha.
Effect of hybrid rye
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90
95
100
105
110
115
120
JB 1+3 JB 2+4 JB 5 - 8
TriticaleVinterrugVinterhvede
Index
Kilde: Landsforsøg DK
Hybrid rye in comparison to Wheat and TriticaleSpecies trial 1998-2000
A bit of history
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Evolution of rye from it‘s origin in the middle East
7000 b. Ch. :Eldest known finding of kernels (weeds) op rye in Syria and Turkey
4000 b. Ch. :Slavian people got grown types of rye from traders who travelled between Turkey and Kaukasus
550 b. Ch. :Slavian people started to expand their living places towards the west and intoduced rye to the Germanians and Celtics.
1000 a. Ch. : Rye became the biggest crop grown in Central and North Europe.
Miedaner, 1997 and 2005
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Atrip around the world Discovery of „The Pampa hybrid system“ and related restore genes.
Spanish people founded Cordoba, in the 17 century.
Trip to South America for collecting genetic resources
(„Peerennial rye“), 20 century
Trip to Iran for collecting genetic resources: donor genotypes for restoration of pollen fertility, 20 århundrede
„A missing link“: Has Alanian people, a Iranian tribe, brought rye from Iran along to Spain at the migration in the 5 th century….? ??
Systematic crossing resulted in the mapping of the genetically pollen sterility, 20th century