hank shiffman interoperability · big problems demand big solutions ¥ complex client-server...
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IRIX¨ / Windows NT¨
Interoperability
Hank ShiffmanStrategic Technologist
Silicon Graphics, Inc.
41st Cray User GroupConference
Minneapolis, Minnesota
What is Interoperability?
Seamless exchange of information amongusers, programs and systems in a
heterogeneous environment
41st Cray User GroupConference
Minneapolis, Minnesota
Models of Interoperability
Not one big issue; many small ones
¥ NetworksÐ Low level network protocolsÐ File & printer sharing
¥ DataÐ Access to structured data
¥ ApplicationsÐ Remote servingÐ Cross-platform development
¥ ManagementÐ System & network resources
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Minneapolis, Minnesota
Network Connectivity Benefits
Centralized services have benefits
¥ Easier administration & management
¥ Reduced cost (printers, scanners)
¥ High availability
¥ High performance
¥ Scalability
¥ Backup
41st Cray User GroupConference
Minneapolis, Minnesota
Network Connectivity Standards
File sharing? Let me count the ways...
¥ NFS: Sun¨ & most UNIX¨ systems
¥ SMB: Windows¨ For WorkgroupsÐ CIFS just renamed SMB
¥ IPX: Novell¨ NetWare¨
¥ AppleTalk¨ : Apple¨ Macintosh¨
41st Cray User GroupConference
Minneapolis, Minnesota
Network Connectivity Solutions
Windows NT clients to IRIX servers
¥ Hummingbird¨ NFS Maestro: PC clienthttp://www.hummingbird.com/nc/nfs
¥ Syntax TotalNET Advanced ServerÐ Includes SMB, NetWare & AppleTalk protocols
http://www.syntax.com
¥ Samba: SMB server for UNIX (free)Ð IRIX version available with full support
http://www.samba.org
41st Cray User GroupConference
Minneapolis, Minnesota
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1 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 56 60
Number of PC Clients
Th
rou
gh
pu
t (M
B/s
ec)
Compaq Proliant 6K 4p
NetApp F760
Origin 200 4p
Origin2000 8p
Network Connectivity Solutions
Windows NT clients to IRIX servers
¥ Samba For IRIX: Top PerformerÐ Ziff Davis NetBench
¨ 5.01 results
41st Cray User GroupConference
Minneapolis, Minnesota
Network Connectivity Solutions
IRIX clients to Windows NT servers
¥ Sharityhttp://www.obdev.at/Products/Sharity.html
¥ Sharity-Light (formerly Rumba - free)http://www.obdev.at/Products/shlight.html
¥ smbclient - ftp workalike for SMBÐ Included with Samba
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Minneapolis, Minnesota
Data Interoperability Issues
¥ Business data kept in servers;used in desktop applications
¥ Data more than just text:multimedia, images, controls
¥ Apps must access & control datawherever it resides
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Minneapolis, Minnesota
Distributed Object Issues
Big problems demand big solutions
¥ Complex client-server architecturesÐ Mix of UNIX & Windows NT clients & servers
¥ Instantiation of objects is bidirectionalÐ No one is in control; everyone is in control
¥ Existing standards must be supportedÐ Build on existing solutions
41st Cray User GroupConference
Minneapolis, Minnesota
Data Interoperability Standards
¥ ODBC: a standard database interfaceowned by the SQL Access Group
¥ CORBA: a standard for building largedistributed object systems; owned bythe Object Management Group
¥ (D)COM: MicrosoftÕs standard forinterfacing to objects, extended tosupport large distributed objectapplications
41st Cray User GroupConference
Minneapolis, Minnesota
Data Interoperability Solutions
Database APIs
¥ Native interfaces provided by vendorsÐ Relational DBs: Oracle, Sybase, InformixÐ Object-oriented: Versant, Objectivity, ODI
¥ ODBC driversÐ MERANT DataDirect SequeLink
http://www.merant.com/datadirect/productsÐ OpenLink Software
http://www.openlink.co.uk
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Minneapolis, Minnesota
Distributed Object Solutions
CORBA
¥ Iona Technologies Orbixhttp://www.iona.com
¥ Inprise (formerly Borland) Visibrokerhttp://www.inprise.com/visibroker
DCOM
¥ Licensed by SGI from MicrosoftÐ Native port in progressÐ Also available from Bristol & Mainsoft
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Minneapolis, Minnesota
Application Availability
Applications can be run andcontrolled from the local system;
execution may occur on that systemor on a remote application server
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Application Availability Issues
Remote access to interactiveapplications requiresadditional software
Development and porting ofapplications is difficult, due to
differences in computing models
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Application Serving Benefits
¥ Centralized administration
¥ Much faster than emulation
¥ Easier learning curve
¥ Very good at running productivity software(e.g. Microsoft Office)
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Minneapolis, Minnesota
Application Serving Protocols
¥ X Window SystemÐ High bandwidth remote display protocol
developed for UNIX systems
¥ Independent Computing Architecture¨
Ð Low bandwidth/high compression protocolinvented by Citrix
¥ T.share (T.128)Ð Low bandwidth/high compression protocol
invented by MicrosoftÐ Originally used in NetMeeting product
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Minneapolis, Minnesota
Application Serving Solutions
X Servers for PCs
¥ Hummingbird¨ Exceed¨
Ð Exceed 3D provides OpenGL¨ servinghttp://www.hummingbird.com/products/exceed
¥ WRQ Reflection Suite for Xhttp://www.wrq.com
¥ NetManage Chameleonª UNIX¨ Linkhttp://www.netmanage.com/products/unixlink
¥ MicroImages MI/X (free)http://www.microimages.com/freestuf/mix
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Application Serving Solutions
Windows NT 3.51 server products
¥ Citrix WinFramehttp://www.citrix.com/products/winframe.asp
¥ NCD WinCenterhttp://www.ncd.com/pwin/pwin.html
¥ Tektronix WinDDhttp://www.tek.com/VND/
¥ Gone but not forgottenÐ Insignia Solutions NTrigueÐ Exodus Technologies NTerprise
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Application Serving Solutions
Windows NT 4.0 server products
¥ Microsoft¨ Windows NT¨ Server,Terminal Server EditionÐ AKA HydraÐ Only solution for Windows NT 4.0 and laterÐ Uses RDP protocol (renamed from T.share)
¥ Citrix MetaFrameÐ RDP to ICA converterÐ Permits non-Windows systems to use
Microsoft server
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Application DevelopmentIssues
UNIX & NT are very different systems
¥ Hardware issuesÐ Basic data typesÐ Bit & byte orderingÐ Data alignment/packing
¥ Software issuesÐ Pathnames & file systemÐ Process & thread modelsÐ APIs & standards support
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Application Development& Portability
Three techniques for porting code
¥ Rewrite using targetÕs native APIs
¥ Use a porting libraryÐ Local APIs ported to target systemÐ Portable API set (e.g. Javaª)
¥ Emulation or binary translation
Is app serving a better answer?
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Minneapolis, Minnesota
O/SServices
GUIApplicationToolkit
ApplicationFramework
Application DevelopmentCompared
ObjectServices
libc
Motif
XtX11
*IRIX-specific solution
dmedia*/OpenGL
UNIX
DirectX¨/OpenGL
Win32¨
MFC
COM/ActiveX
ViewKitª*
CORBA
NT
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Minneapolis, Minnesota
Application DevelopmentExample
Moving UNIX apps to NT
UNIX
CompilersLinkers
UNIX RuntimeMotif, X11,
Kernel
Executable
UNIX DevMotif, X11,
POSIX
IDE, vi
Source Code
Windows Runtime
UNIX Compatibility
Executable
CompilersLinkers
Windows DevMFC, COM,
Win32
vi, emacs,builders
Source Code
NT
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Minneapolis, Minnesota
Application DevelopmentSolutions
Moving UNIX apps to NT
¥ DataFocus NuTCRACKER¨
Ð Now part of MKShttp://www.mks.com/solutions/nc
¥ Softway Systems InterixÐ Formerly known as OpenNT
http://www.interix.com
¥ AT&T Research U/Winhttp://www.research.att.com/sw/tools/uwin
Ð Global Technologies has commercial licensehttp://www.gtlinc.com
41st Cray User GroupConference
Minneapolis, Minnesota
Application DevelopmentExample
Moving NT apps to UNIX
UNIX
CompilersLinkers
UNIX Runtime
Executable
UNIX DevMotif, X11,
POSIX
Windows RuntimeMFC, COM
Win32, Kernel
Windows Compatibility
Executable
Source Code
IDE
Source Code
CompilersLinkers
Windows DevMFC, COM,
Win32
NT
41st Cray User GroupConference
Minneapolis, Minnesota
Application DevelopmentSolutions
Moving NT apps to UNIX
¥ Mainsoft MainWinhttp://www.mainsoft.com
¥ Bristol Technologies Wind/Uhttp://www.bristol.com
41st Cray User GroupConference
Minneapolis, Minnesota
Application DevelopmentSolutions
Porting packages reduce the effort
¥ Many issues handled automaticallyÐ Pathname delimiters: / vs. \Ð Line delimiters: <CR><LF> vs. <NL>Ð Universal naming:
iris:/usr/tmp vs. \\pc\C:\progs\source
¥ Some still require manual interventionÐ Compiler-generated symbolsÐ Projects vs. Makefiles
á commondefs & commonrules
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Application DevelopmentExperience
Port of Cosmoª Code & Worlds to NT
¥ UNIX common defs, rules & cascading Makefileswell beyond Visual Studio
¥ Microsoft build environment has limited scalability
¥ No support for complex builds
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Minneapolis, Minnesota
Enterprise Management
Consistent and seamless managementof systems and networks in aheterogeneous environment
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Enterprise ManagementSolutions
Classic client/server architecture
¥ Agents gather system & network dataÐ ENlighten DSM (included with IRIX 6.5)Ð HP-UX MIB (included with IRIX 6.5)
¥ Managers give insight & controlÐ ENlighten DSM (part of IRIX 6.5.1 ASE)Ð Unicenter TNG (part of IRIX 6.5.1 ASE)Ð HP OpenView NNM
Server Clients
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Customer Professional Services
¥ Architectural designÐ Plan & implement network infrastructure
¥ Implementation planningÐ Includes sys admin & performance tuning
¥ PortingÐ UNIX app & device driver port to NT
¥ MigrationÐ Convert IRIX development shop into
IRIX/NT or NT-only environment
Completing The Picture: Windows NT Consulting Services
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Minneapolis, Minnesota
Hank [email protected]://www.disordered.org
Points To Remember
¥ Interoperability isnÕt one big thingÐ ItÕs a million small details
¥ Silicon Graphics knows the issuesÐ We grew up with heterogeneous networks
¥ WeÕre good at peaceful coexistenceÐ And weÕre determined to be even better