handout he design
DESCRIPTION
handout heTRANSCRIPT
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Acquire basicbasicbasicbasic knowledgeknowledgeknowledgeknowledge about Heat exchanger
equipment, definition, function, classification and
correspondence to other discipline.
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#1. There are two or more fluids
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A HEAT EXCHANGER is a device that used to transfer thermal energy
(enthalpy) between two or more fluids, between a solid surface and a fluid,
or between solid particulates and a fluid, at different temperatures and in
thermal contact.
HEAT EXCHANGER characteristic :
WHAT ISWHAT ISWHAT ISWHAT IS HEAT EXCHANGER ?HEAT EXCHANGER ?HEAT EXCHANGER ?HEAT EXCHANGER ?
#2. There are temperature
differences, and
#3. In thermal contact
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1. Cooler : Reduce temperature
2. Heater : Increase temperature
3. Condenser : Remove heat from gas changing to liquid
4. Vaporizer : Add heat to liquid changing to gas
5. Re-boiler : Add heat to liquid changing to gas.
Usually used to provide heat for distillation column.
6. Chiller : Cooling liquid or gas using refrigerant.
WHAT IS FUNCTION OF HEAT WHAT IS FUNCTION OF HEAT WHAT IS FUNCTION OF HEAT WHAT IS FUNCTION OF HEAT EXCHANGER ?EXCHANGER ?EXCHANGER ?EXCHANGER ?
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Source : Fundamental of heat exchanger design, Ramesh K. Shah, Dusan P. Sekulic
HEAT HEAT HEAT HEAT EXCHANGER CLASSIFICATIONEXCHANGER CLASSIFICATIONEXCHANGER CLASSIFICATIONEXCHANGER CLASSIFICATION
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Tubular Heat Exchanger
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Characteristics :
“Generally built of circular tubes, although elliptical, rectangular, or round/flat twisted tubes have also been used in some applications”
Flexibility on the design because the core geometry can be varied easily by changing the tube diameter, length, and arrangement.
Has a wide range of design condition like pressure, temperature, material, fluid flow rate, etc., and high reliability.
These exchangers may be classified as :
1. Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger (STHE)
2. Double Pipe/Hairpin Heat Exchanger
3. Multitube Heat Exchanger
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CODE AND STANDARD FOR DESIGNING
TUBULAR HEAT EXCHANGER
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1. Shell And Tube Heat Exchanger
Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchanger is an equipment where multipletubes (heat transfer tubes) are arrayed in the cylindrical shell andwhich performs the heat exchange among the fluids which flows oninner and outer surface of the tube.
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SHELL
TUBESUPPORT
FRONT−END HEAD
REAR−END HEAD
BAFFLE
TUBESHEET
NOZZLE
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Characteristic of Double Pipe HE :1. Usually consists of two concentric pipes.2. Used for small-capacity applications where
the total heat transfer surface area required is 10m2 or less.
3. It is not suitable for large surface area since as plot area becomes large.
2. Double Pipe/Hairpin Heat Exchanger
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Characteristic of Multitube HE :
Combination of Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchanger and Double Pipe Heat Exchanger.
1. Surface area is larger than the double pipe heat exchanger.
2. It is suitable in the services double pipe heat exchanger can not handle.
3. Multi Tube Heat Exchanger
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Source : Fundamental of heat exchanger design, Ramesh K. Shah, Dusan P. Sekulic
HEAT HEAT HEAT HEAT EXCHANGER CLASSIFICATIONEXCHANGER CLASSIFICATIONEXCHANGER CLASSIFICATIONEXCHANGER CLASSIFICATION
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1. Plate-fin
2. Finned Tube
Add secondary surface to increase area of heat transfer.
Extended Surface Heat Exchanger
EXTENDED
SURFACE
(Secondary
Surface)
Secondary surface (Fin)
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Air-cooled heat exchanger is an equipment which aims at cooling(or condensing) the gas, vapor and liquid of the process by using air ascooling medium.
Air Cooled Heat Exchanger
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ON STRUCTURE(PIPE RACK)
ON FOUNDATION
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Air-cooled Heat Exchanger has following characteristicswhen compared with Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchanger.
1111.... AimAimAimAim isisisis alwaysalwaysalwaysalways totototo coolcoolcoolcool (or(or(or(or condense)condense)condense)condense) fluidfluidfluidfluid
2222.... HotHotHotHot fluidfluidfluidfluid alwaysalwaysalwaysalways flowsflowsflowsflows onononon thethethethe tubetubetubetube sidesidesideside.... TheTheTheThe airairairair alwaysalwaysalwaysalways flowsflowsflowsflows outsideoutsideoutsideoutside thethethethe
tubetubetubetube....
3333.... OnOnOnOn thethethethe airairairair sidesidesideside theretheretherethere isisisis alwaysalwaysalwaysalways 1111 passpasspasspass andandandand nononono bafflesbafflesbafflesbaffles....
4444.... AirAirAirAir flowflowflowflow raterateraterate isisisis decideddecideddecideddecided accordingaccordingaccordingaccording totototo thethethethe designer’sdesigner’sdesigner’sdesigner’s sensesensesensesense....
5555.... ACHEACHEACHEACHE comparedcomparedcomparedcompared withwithwithwith STHESTHESTHESTHE whenwhenwhenwhen qualitativelyqualitativelyqualitativelyqualitatively comparedcomparedcomparedcompared withwithwithwith coolercoolercoolercooler andandandand
condensercondensercondensercondenser ofofofof ShellShellShellShell----andandandand----TubeTubeTubeTube HeatHeatHeatHeat ExchangerExchangerExchangerExchanger whichwhichwhichwhich usesusesusesuses coolingcoolingcoolingcooling waterwaterwaterwater....
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Source : Fundamental of heat exchanger design, Ramesh K. Shah, Dusan P. Sekulic
HEAT HEAT HEAT HEAT EXCHANGER CLASSIFICATIONEXCHANGER CLASSIFICATIONEXCHANGER CLASSIFICATIONEXCHANGER CLASSIFICATION
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PlatePlatePlatePlate−−−−typetypetypetype heatheatheatheat exchangersexchangersexchangersexchangers areareareare usuallyusuallyusuallyusually builtbuiltbuiltbuilt ofofofof thinthinthinthin platesplatesplatesplates (all(all(all(all primeprimeprimeprime surface)surface)surface)surface)....
TheTheTheThe platesplatesplatesplates areareareare eithereithereithereither smoothsmoothsmoothsmooth orororor havehavehavehave somesomesomesome formformformform ofofofof corrugation,corrugation,corrugation,corrugation, andandandand theytheytheythey areareareare
eithereithereithereither flatflatflatflat orororor woundwoundwoundwound inininin anananan exchangerexchangerexchangerexchanger....
Generally,Generally,Generally,Generally, thesethesethesethese exchangersexchangersexchangersexchangers cannotcannotcannotcannot accommodateaccommodateaccommodateaccommodate veryveryveryvery highhighhighhigh pressures,pressures,pressures,pressures,
temperaturestemperaturestemperaturestemperatures,,,, orororor pressurepressurepressurepressure andandandand temperaturetemperaturetemperaturetemperature differencesdifferencesdifferencesdifferences....
Plate Heat Exchanger
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1. Plate and Frame Heat Exchanger
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PROCESS DATASHEET
REVIEW OF PROCESS DATASHEET
STRENGTH CALCULATION AND
WEIGHT ESTIMATION
LOADING DATA
NOZZLE ORIENTATION DRAWINGNOZZLE LOAD
REQUISITION
PREPARE TBE
PO RELEASE
VENDOR DOCUMENT & DRAWING
INSPECTION &TEST RECORD
AS BUILT DRAWING
HEAT HEAT HEAT HEAT EXCHANGER EXCHANGER EXCHANGER EXCHANGER DESIGN WORK FLOWDESIGN WORK FLOWDESIGN WORK FLOWDESIGN WORK FLOW
PID
INPUT
Eng. Activity
OUTPUT
PREPARATION OF MECHANICAL DATASHEET
MECHANICAL DATASHEET
PREPARATION OF REQUISITION
VENDOR QUOTATION
TBE & CBE
REVIEW/APPROVE VENDOR
DOCUMENT AND
DRAWING
APPROVEDVENDOR
DOCUMENT AND DRAWING
IDC
KICK OF MEETING
FOLLOW UP DESIGN CHANGE
INSPECTION & TEST
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Heat Exchanger INPUT DESIGN
PROCESS
PROCESS
PROCESS
PROCESS
& HSE
& HSE
& HSE
& HSE 1.1.1.1. Process DatasheetProcess DatasheetProcess DatasheetProcess Datasheet
2.2.2.2. Equipment Rating SheetEquipment Rating SheetEquipment Rating SheetEquipment Rating Sheet
3.3.3.3. Coating, Insulation and Fireproofing Requirement, Coating, Insulation and Fireproofing Requirement, Coating, Insulation and Fireproofing Requirement, Coating, Insulation and Fireproofing Requirement, etcetcetcetc
PIPING 1.1.1.1. Nozzle Orientation and ElevationNozzle Orientation and ElevationNozzle Orientation and ElevationNozzle Orientation and Elevation
2.2.2.2. Platform & Ladder requirement (if any)Platform & Ladder requirement (if any)Platform & Ladder requirement (if any)Platform & Ladder requirement (if any)
3.3.3.3. PipePipePipePipe Clip SupportClip SupportClip SupportClip Support
4.4.4.4. Pipe RackPipe RackPipe RackPipe Rack Dimension (Design ACHE Support)Dimension (Design ACHE Support)Dimension (Design ACHE Support)Dimension (Design ACHE Support)
INSTRUMENTINSTRUMENTINSTRUMENTINSTRUMENTVessel Instrument Sketch Vessel Instrument Sketch Vessel Instrument Sketch Vessel Instrument Sketch
Nozzle Size, Flange Rating, Nozzle Span & Elevation.Nozzle Size, Flange Rating, Nozzle Span & Elevation.Nozzle Size, Flange Rating, Nozzle Span & Elevation.Nozzle Size, Flange Rating, Nozzle Span & Elevation.
ELECTRICALELECTRICALELECTRICALELECTRICAL1.1.1.1. Electrical Load Specification (ACHE)Electrical Load Specification (ACHE)Electrical Load Specification (ACHE)Electrical Load Specification (ACHE)
2.2.2.2. EarthingEarthingEarthingEarthing Layout Layout Layout Layout
CIVILCIVILCIVILCIVIL Wind and Earthquake Design BasisWind and Earthquake Design BasisWind and Earthquake Design BasisWind and Earthquake Design Basis
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Heat Exchanger DESIGN OUTPUT
1. MECHANICAL DATASHEET / ENGINEERING DRAWING
1.1.1.1. Deliverable Document to ClientDeliverable Document to ClientDeliverable Document to ClientDeliverable Document to Client
2.2.2.2. Requisition Document to VendorRequisition Document to VendorRequisition Document to VendorRequisition Document to Vendor
3.3.3.3. Piping Basis to Develop 3D Piping Basis to Develop 3D Piping Basis to Develop 3D Piping Basis to Develop 3D
Model (Preliminary)Model (Preliminary)Model (Preliminary)Model (Preliminary)
4.4.4.4. Piping Basis to Develop Piping Piping Basis to Develop Piping Piping Basis to Develop Piping Piping Basis to Develop Piping
LayoutLayoutLayoutLayout
5.5.5.5. Basis Document to Review Basis Document to Review Basis Document to Review Basis Document to Review
Vendor DrawingVendor DrawingVendor DrawingVendor Drawing
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2. VENDOR GA DRAWING
Heat Exchanger DESIGN OUTPUT
1.1.1.1. Piping Basis to Piping Basis to Piping Basis to Piping Basis to Update Update Update Update 3D Model 3D Model 3D Model 3D Model
2.2.2.2. Vendor Basis to Develop Vendor Basis to Develop Vendor Basis to Develop Vendor Basis to Develop
Fabrication DrawingFabrication DrawingFabrication DrawingFabrication Drawing
3.3.3.3. Construction Info for Determine Construction Info for Determine Construction Info for Determine Construction Info for Determine
Rigging StudyRigging StudyRigging StudyRigging Study
4.4.4.4. Etc.Etc.Etc.Etc.
STHE Vertical
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Definition :Definition :Definition :Definition :
1.1.1.1. No of Unit No of Unit No of Unit No of Unit = 1= 1= 1= 1
2.2.2.2. NoNoNoNo of Bay/Unitof Bay/Unitof Bay/Unitof Bay/Unit = 1= 1= 1= 1
3.3.3.3. No of Bundle/BayNo of Bundle/BayNo of Bundle/BayNo of Bundle/Bay ==== 2222
1 Bundle1 Unit
1 Bay
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3. LOADING DATA
Heat Exchanger DESIGN OUTPUT
> HORIZONTAL > VERTICAL
> ON FOUNDATION > ON STRUCTURE
> FOUNDATION BOLT > SETTING BOLT
> TUBE BUNDLE REMOVABLE > TUBE BUNDLE NOT
REMOVABLE
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REMOVABLE BUNDLE OF STHE
EA-441
EA-217
Piping � Pulling Area at Plot Plant
Civil � Pulling Load of Bundle
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Plate Heat Exchanger (GASKETED) Plate Heat Exchanger (WELDED)
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Battery Limit Scope of Supply
1. Piping � Nozzle flange (Bolt, nut, and gasket by Piping)� Pipe clip welded to equipment
1
1
1
2
Ladder or Platform
Mounted on Equipment By
Static
2. Civil � Base plate to foundation or Structure Support. Anchor bolt by??
Insulation By
Construction
.
3. Electrical � Earth Lug� Junction Box Motor (ACHE)
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SUMMARYSUMMARYSUMMARYSUMMARY
1. A HEAT EXCHANGER is a device that used to transfer thermal energy(enthalpy) between two or more fluids, between a solid surface and a fluid,or between solid particulates and a fluid, at different temperatures and inthermal contact.
2. Commonly used Heat Exchanger on Industrial Plant : STHE, ACHE, PFHE.3. STHE widely used as Heat Exchanger due to its flexibility of design and
operation.4. ACHE only aiming for cooling or condensing.5. Operation cost of ACHE is lower than STHE.6. Pulling area for removable bundle of STHE shall be clearly mentioned on
plot plant.7. Etc.
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