handbook of comparative world steel standards€¦ · the users of this handbook because he is ......

Handbook of

Com

parative World

Steel Standards

5th Edition

Bringas

The book editor, John E. Bringas, P.Eng., is president and founder of Codes and Standards Training Institute (CASTI), headquartered in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. A metallurgical and materials engineer, he is an engineering codes and standards information specialist with over 40 years of experience. He understands the needs of the users of this handbook because he is one himself. Mr. Bringas also authored the ASTM Handbook of Steel Data: American and European and is the principle developer of the ASTM Passport to Steel Online Database. Mr. Bringas has been teaching codes and standards related courses worldwide through CASTI (www.casti.ca) since 1989. Mr. Bringas has been a codes and standards committee member since 1982 and currently serves on:

ͽ ASTM Steels (Chair of Steel Terminology), Coated Steels, Nonferrous Alloys (Chair of Nonferrous Terminology), Metallography, Mechanical Testing;

ͽ ISO TC17/SC4 Steels, Canadian delegate; and ͽ NACE Oil and Gas Corrosion and Metallurgy, Petroleum Refining and Gas Processing, Pipelines, Tanks, and Well Casings, and Process Industries—Materials.

Mr. Bringas is also a long-time member of the American Welding Society (AWS), ASME International, and ASM International.

www.astm.org

ISBN 978-0-8031-7077-3

ASTM Stock #: DS67D

ASTM INTERNATIONALDS67D

Handbook of

Comparative World Steel Standards5th EditionJohn E. Bringas, Editor

ASTM AFNOR API ASME BSI CSA DIN EN GB ISO JIS SAE

John E. Bringas, Editor

Handbook of Comparative World Steel Standards—5th EditionASTM Stock No. DS67D

ASTM International100 Barr Harbor DrivePO Box C700West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959

Printed in the U.S.A.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication DataNames: Bringas, John E., 1953- Title: Handbook of comparative world steel standards / John E. Bringas, editor.Description: Fifth edition. | West Conshohocken, PA : ASTM International, [2016] | “ASTM Stock No.: DS67D.” | Includes bibliographical references and index.

Subjects: LCSH: Steel—Standards—Handbooks, manuals, etc. | Steel alloys—Standards—Handbooks, manuals, etc.

Copyright © 2016 ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced or copied, in whole or in part, in any printed,

Photocopy Rights

March, 2016

http://lccn.loc.gov/

http://www.copyright.com/

Table of Contents

Preface 1

Acknowledgments 3

Getting Started with This Book 5

1. Introduction to Comparing World Steel Standards 7

Organization 10

Definitions of Steel Terms 10

Cautionary Note 12

Noncomparable Steels 12

Criteria for Comparing Steels 12

UNS Designation System 16

EN 10027 Standard Designation System for Steels 17

Steel Names 17

Numerical System 17

Former National Standards Superseded by CEN Standards 17

Indexes in this Handbook 17

2. Carbon and Alloy Steels for General Use 19

2.1 Chemical Composition of Carbon Steels for General Use 21

2.3 Chemical Composition of Alloy Steels for General Use 36

iii

3.1 Carbon Steels for Structural Steel Plates 51

3.1A Mechanical Properties of Carbon Steels for Structural Steel Plates 51

3.1B Chemical Composition of Carbon Steels for Structural Steel Plates 66

3.2.2B Chemical Composition of Alloy Steels for Structural Steel Plates 92

iv Contents

vContents

5.1B Chemical Composition of Carbon Steel Tubes for General and Structural Applications 213

5.2B Mechanical Properties of Alloy Steel Tubes for General and Structural Applications 225

5.3 Stainless Steel Tubes for General and Structural Applications 227

5.3.1A Chemical Composition of Ferritic and Martensitic Stainless Steel Tubes for General and Structural Applications 227

5.3.1B Mechanical Properties of Ferritic and Martensitic Stainless Steel Tubes

5.3.2A Chemical Composition of Austenitic Stainless Steel Tubes for General and Structural Applications 232

5.3.2B Mechanical Properties of Austenitic Stainless Steel Tubes for General and Structural Applications 235

5.3.3A Chemical Composition of Duplex Stainless Steel Tubes and Pipes

5.3.3B Mechanical Properties of Duplex Stainless Steel Tubes and Pipes

5.5 Alloy Steel Tubes and Pipes for Low-Temperature Service 251

5.5A Chemical Composition of Alloy Steel Tubes and Pipes for Low-Temperature Service 251

5.5B Mechanical Properties of Alloy Steel Tubes and Pipes for Low-Temperature Service 252

5.6 Carbon Steel Tubes and Pipes for Pressure Purposes 255

5.6A Mechanical Properties of Carbon Steel Tubes and Pipes for Pressure Purposes 255

5.7 Carbon Steel Tubes and Pipes for Pressure Purposes at High Temperatures 260

5.7A Mechanical Properties of Carbon Steel Tubes and Pipes for Pressure Purposes at High Temperatures 260

5.7B Chemical Composition of Carbon Steel Tubes and Pipes for Pressure

Purposes at High Temperatures 267



vi Contents

vii





Pressure Purposes at High Temperatures 275




5.9.1A Chemical Composition of Ferritic and Martensitic Stainless Steel Tubes and Pipes for Pressure Purposes and

5.9.1B Mechanical Properties of Ferritic and Martensitic Stainless Steel Tubes

5.9.2A Chemical Composition of Austenitic Stainless Steel Tubes and Pipes

5.9.2B Mechanical Properties of Austenitic Stainless Steel Tubes and Pipes for

5.10 Line Pipe Steels 316

6. Steel Forgings 329

Contents

6.1 Carbon Steel Forgings 333

6.1.1A Mechanical Properties of Carbon Steel Forgings for General Use 333

6.1.1B Chemical Composition of Carbon Steel Forgings for General Use 339

6.1.2A Mechanical Properties of Carbon Steel Forgings for Piping, Pressure Vessel, and

6.1.2B Chemical Composition of Carbon Steel Forgings for Piping, Pressure

6.2.2.1A Chemical Composition of Mo Alloy Steel Forgings for Piping,

6.2.2.1B Mechanical Properties of Mo Alloy Steel Forgings for Piping,

Pressure Vessel and Components 350






6.2.2.6A Chemical Composition of 3Cr-1Mo Alloy Steel Forgings for Piping,

6.2.2.6B Mechanical Properties of 3Cr-1Mo Alloy Steel Forgings for Piping,





viii Contents

ix



6.2.2.10A Chemical Composition of Ni Alloy Steel Forgings for Piping, Pressure Vessel and Components 357

6.2.2.10B Mechanical Properties of Ni Alloy Steel Forgings for Piping,

6.2.2.11A Chemical Composition of Ni-Mn Alloy Steel Forgings for Piping, Pressure Vessel and Components 359

6.2.2.11B Mechanical Properties of Ni-Mn Alloy Steel Forgings for Piping, Pressure Vessel and Components 359

Piping, Pressure Vessel and Components 361






6.3.1B Mechanical Properties of Martensitic Stainless Steel Forgings 365

6.3.2A Chemical Composition of Ferritic Stainless Steel Forgings 366

6.3.2B Mechanical Properties of Ferritic Stainless Steel Forgings 366

6.3.3A Chemical Composition of Austenitic Stainless Steel Forgings 367

6.3.3B Mechanical Properties of Austenitic Stainless Steel Forgings 373

7.1.1B Chemical Composition of Cast Carbon Steel for General and Structural Applications 392

7.1.2A Mechanical Properties of Cast Carbon Steel for Pressure Purposes at High Temperatures 396

Contents

7.1.2B Chemical Composition of Cast Carbon Steel for Pressure Purposes at High Temperatures 397

7.1.3B Chemical Composition of Cast Carbon Steel for Pressure Purposes at Low Temperatures 399

x Contents

xiContents

9. Steels for Special Use 607

9.1 Free-Machining Steels 611

9.1.1

for Free-Machining Applications 613

9.1.5 Chemical Composition of Free-Machining Stainless Steels 615

9.2 Spring Steels 615

9.2.3 Chemical Composition of Stainless Spring Steels 621

9.3 Tool Steels 622

9.3.1 Chemical Composition of Carbon Tool Steels 622

9.3.2 Chemical Composition of High-Speed Tool Steels 623

9.3.2.1 Chemical Composition of Tungsten Type High Speed Tool Steels 623

9.3.3 Chemical Composition of Cold Work Tool Steels 625

9.3.5 Chemical Composition of Special Purpose Tool Steels 627

Appendix 1 ASTM Ferrous Metal Standards 629

Appendix 5 EN ISO Current Steel Standards 677

Appendix 6 ISO Iron and Steel Product Standards 679

Steel Grade/Name Index 711

UNS Number Index 773

xii Contents

Preface

This is the book I never wanted to write but always wanted to own. As a metallurgical engineer and long-time user of steel standards, author of the four CASTI Metals Data Books, and as a member of ASTM, ISO, and SAE steel standard committees, I knew all too well the many pitfalls and challenges of writing such a handbook. There were many steel standards from around the world that were new to me and that created many surprises, including the Chinese GB steel standards, which were translated into English by the met-allurgical engineers of CASTI Publishing, Inc.

Comparing steel standards is not an exact science, so the biggest challenge in preparing such a book was deciding on the “rules of comparison.” Of the similar books on the market today, none explain in detail why one steel is comparable to another. They simply appear together in a list of steels. I kept a daily diary to help construct a workable set of comparison rules that I could share with other users to assist them in understanding how and why one steel is comparable to another.

while the book was being written. It was not until the last chapter and the appendix were completed that I

-

another review of the book necessary.

database. Without it, the handbook would be much smaller. The addition of data from Chinese GB and

database, many new comparable steels were also added to this edition.I hope you enjoy using this handbook as much as I have. Tie a chain to it and anchor it to your desk

because once others see it, you may never see the book again.I am interested in your comments and suggestions for improving this handbook and encourage you to

send your feedback directly to ASTM.

John E. Bringas, P.Eng.President and Metallurgical Engineer

CASTI Publishing, Inc.

Acknowledgments

The author gratefully acknowledges the assistance of Michael Ling, P.Eng., and Toan Huynh, P.Eng., whose work in compiling and organizing the data was of particular importance. A special acknowledg-ment is made to Yin Huang, Ph.D., who was the lead metallurgical engineering translator of the Chinese GB steel standards. Without his dedicated work, the GB data included here would not have maintained the

Briefs and Baoshi Liu from the ISO; and Mel Head of the SAE. They added valuable insights into the his-tory and technical aspects of the standards data found in this handbook.

The ASTM publishing staff, most notably John Pace, David Von Glahn, Kathy Dernoga, and

Thank you all.The author also acknowledges the dedicated assistance of the Codes and Standards Training Institute

diligence. -

One person could not have produced this handbook. It took a dedicated team of professionals. These

assistance. Without it, this handbook would never have been completed.

Getting Started With This Book

The intent of this handbook is to allow the user to identify comparable steels that are found in standards from around the world and then to evaluate each complete standard on its own merit to ensure that the selected steel is suited for the intended application. This handbook is not designed to be the sole source of information for selecting a comparative steel and is not intended to be used as a replacement for steel standards. This handbook is one tool in the process of comparing steel standards from around the world.

Comparing steel standards is not an exact science, and there is no foolproof method. When you begin

The user must also be aware that not all steels have comparative counterparts. Before proceeding directly to the contents of this handbook, it is strongly recommended that you read Chapter 1, which includes a detailed explanation of the “rules of comparison” used in this handbook.

mechanical properties tables, they were split into two separate tables. To assist the user in keeping track of -

bered and appended with either the letter A or B. Table numbers ending in the letter A designate that the table was the main criterion used for comparison; whereas table numbers ending with the letter B were “mirrored” from the A table.

Each group of steel data in the tables is separated by two types of horizontal lines: black and gray. Black lines separate groups of steels that are more closely comparable to each other; whereas gray lines separate steel data within a comparative group.

Caution: The pages of this handbook are formatted to keep comparative groups together as much as possible. However, when a group of comparative steels extends to more than one page, a note is placed at

of each standard, which is critical when trying to identify the status of a standard.

Handbook of

Com

parative World

Steel Standards

5th Edition

Bringas

The book editor, John E. Bringas, P.Eng., is president and founder of Codes and Standards Training Institute (CASTI), headquartered in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. A metallurgical and materials engineer, he is an engineering codes and standards information specialist with over 40 years of experience. He understands the needs of the users of this handbook because he is one himself. Mr. Bringas also authored the ASTM Handbook of Steel Data: American and European and is the principle developer of the ASTM Passport to Steel Online Database. Mr. Bringas has been teaching codes and standards related courses worldwide through CASTI (www.casti.ca) since 1989. Mr. Bringas has been a codes and standards committee member since 1982 and currently serves on:

ͽ ASTM Steels (Chair of Steel Terminology), Coated Steels, Nonferrous Alloys (Chair of Nonferrous Terminology), Metallography, Mechanical Testing;

ͽ ISO TC17/SC4 Steels, Canadian delegate; and ͽ NACE Oil and Gas Corrosion and Metallurgy, Petroleum Refining and Gas Processing, Pipelines, Tanks, and Well Casings, and Process Industries—Materials.

Mr. Bringas is also a long-time member of the American Welding Society (AWS), ASME International, and ASM International.

www.astm.org

ISBN 978-0-8031-7077-3

ASTM Stock #: DS67D

ASTM INTERNATIONALDS67D

Handbook of

ComparativeWorld Steel Standards5th EditionJohn E. Bringas, Editor

ASTM AFNOR API ASME BSI CSA DIN EN GB ISO JIS SAE

http://www.casti.ca

http://www.astm.org

handbook of comparative world steel standards€¦ · the users of this handbook because he is ......

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