hanban 300chars list with definitions

8/19/2019 Hanban 300chars List With Definitions

1/57

simplifed traditional pinyin

安安 ān an1

八八 bā ba1

把把 bà ba4

爸爸 bà ba4

吧吧 ba ba5

白白 bái bai2

百百 bǎi bai3半半 bàn ban4

帮幫 bāng bang1

包包 bāo bao1

北北 běi bei3

本本 běn ben3

比比 bǐ bi4

pinyin_num


2/57

边邊 bian bian5

便便 biàn bian

别別 bié bie2

病病 bìng bing4

不不 bù bu4

才才 cái cai2

菜菜 cài cai4

茶茶 chá cha2

差差 chà chai

长長 chǎng chang3

常常 cháng chang2

场場 chǎng chang3

唱唱 chàng chang4

! chē che1


3/57


4/57

/ 0 àng ang4

1 1 ào ao4

2 2 ào ao4

3 3 e e

4 4 ì e

5 5 í e

6 6 ěng eng3

7 7 ì i4

8 9 iǎn ian3


5/57

: ; iàn ian4

< < iàn ian4

= > ōng ong1

? @ òng ong4

A A ōu u

B C uì ui4

D D uō uo1

E F ! e4

G H "5 e"

I I !" e"4

J K #àn #an4

L L #āng #ang1

M M #áng #ang2

N N #àng #ang4

O P #ēi #ei1

Q Q #ēi #ei1

R R #!n #en4


6/57

S S #ù #u4

T U gāi gai1

V W gān gan4

X Y gāng gang1

Z Z gāo gao1[ [ gē ge1

\ \ gē ge1

] ^ g! ge4

_ ` jǐ gei

a a gēn gen1

b b g!ng geng4

c c gōng gong1

d e guān guan1

f g guì gui4

h i gu$ guo2

j j gu% guo3

k l guò guo4

m n hái huan

o o hái hai2


7/57

p q hàn han4

r r hào hao4

s t hào hao4

u u h! he4

v v hé hu

w w hēi hei1

x x hěn hen3

y z hòu hou4

{ { hòu hou4

| | huā hua1

} ~ huà hua4

• € huài huai4

‚ huān huan1

ƒ ƒ huí hui2


8/57

„ … &uài hui

† † hu$ huo2

‡ ‡ hu% huo3

ˆ ‰ j' ji1

Š ‹ j' ji1

Œ j' ji3

Ž jì ji4

jiā jia1

‘ ‘ jià jia4

’ “ jiàn jian4

” (iàn jian

– – jiāo jiao4

— — jiào jiao4

˜ ™ jué jiao

š š jiě jie3

› › ji! jie4


9/57

œ œ j'n jin1

ž jìn jin4

Ÿ jìng jing4¡ ¡ ji) jiu3

¢ ¢ ji) jiu3

£ £ jiù jiu4

¤ ¥ &āi &ai1

¦ ¦ &àn &an4

§ § &! &e4

¨ ¨ &ě &e3

© ª &! &e4

« « &%u &ou3


10/57

¬ &uài &uai4

® ® &uài &uai4

¯ ° *ái *ai2

± ± *ǎo *ao3

² ² *iào *iao

³ ³ *!i *ei4

´ ´ *ěng *eng3

µ ¶ *ǐ *i3

· · *ì *i4

¸ ¹ *iǎng *iang3

º º *íng *ing2

» » *iù *iu4

¼ ½ *$u *ou2


11/57

¾ ¾ *ù *u4

¿ À +ā +a1

Á Â +ǎ +a3

Ã Ä +a +a5

Å Æ +ǎi +ai3

Ç Ç +àn +an4

È È +áng +ang2

É Ê +a ,ao1

Ë Ì +ò +ei

Í Î +én +en2

Ï Ð +en +en5

Ñ Ñ +iàn +ian4

Ò Ò +íng +ing2

Ó Ó +íng +ing2

Ô Ô ná na2

Õ Õ na na


12/57

Ö Ö nà na4

× × nǎi nai3

Ø Ø nán nan2Ù Ù nán nan2

Ú Û nàn nan4

Ü Ý nǎo nao3

Þ Þ n' ne

ß ß néng neng2

à à nǐ ni3

á á nián nian2

â â ni- niu2

ã ã n) nu3

ä ä ") n.

å å /à /a4

æ æ /áng /ang2

ç ç /ǎo /ao3

è è /éng /eng2


13/57

é é /iào /iao4

ê ê /íng /ing2

ë ë 0' 0i1

ì ì 0' 0i1

í í 0ǐ 0i3

î ï 0ì 0i4

ð ð 0ì 0i4

ñ ñ 0ián 0ian2

ò ó 0ián 0ian2

ô õ 0ǐng 0ing3

ö ö 0i- 0iu2

÷ ÷ 0ù 0u4

ø ø 0uán 0uan2

ù ù "án "an2

ú û "àng "ang4


14/57

ü ý "! "e4

þ þ "én "en2

ÿ 認 "!n "en4

日日 "ì "i4肉肉 "òu "ou4

三三 ān an1

山山 hān han1

上上 hàng hang4

少少 hào hao4

谁誰 héi hei2

身身 hēn hen1

什什 h!n hen4生生 hēng heng1

师師 h' hi1

十十 hí hi2

时時 hí hi2

识識 hì hi

事事 hì hi4

视視 hì hi4

是是 hì hi4

手手 h%u hou3

书書 hū hu1

树樹 hù hu4


15/57

水水 huǐ hui3

睡睡 huì hui4

说 huō hui

! ! ǐ i3

" " ì i4

# # òng ong4

$ % uì ui4

& & u% uo3

' ' ā a1

( ( ā a1

) ) ài ai4

* + ǐ i3

, , iān ian1

- . ìng ing4

/ / òng ong2

0 0 ài ai4

1 1 án an2

2 2 án an2

3 3 ǎn an3

4 5 ǎng ang36 6 àng ang4


16/57

7 8 !i ei4

9 9 én en2

: ; !n en4

< < % o3

= = ) u3

> > ) u3

? ? (' (i1

@ @ (' (i1

A B (í (i2

C C (ǐ (i3

D D (ǐ (i3

E E (ì (i4

F F (ià (ia4

G G (iān (ian1

H I (iàn (ian4

J J (iǎng (iang3

K K (iàng (iang4

L L (iǎo (iao3

M M (iào (iao4


17/57

N N (iē (ie1

O P (iě (ie3

Q R (i! (ie4

S S ('n (in1

T T ('ng (ing1

U U (íng hang

V W ('ng (ing4

X X (iū (iu1

Y Z (ué (ue2

[ \ ,àng ,ang4

] ] ,ào ,ao4

^ ^ ,ě ,e3

_ _ ,' ,i1

` ` ,ì ,i4

a b ,' ,i1

c c ,ǐ ,i3


18/57

d d ,ì ,i4

e e ,'n ,in1

f g ,'ng ,ing4

h h ,òng ,ong4

i i ,%u ,ou3

j j ,%u ,ou3

k k ,òu ,ou4

l m ,ù ,u4

n o ,uàn ,uan4

p p ,uàn ,uan4

q q ,u! ,ue4

r r ài ai4

s s ài ai4

t t ǎo ao3u u ěn en3

v v hàn han4

w w hǎo hao3

x y h! he4

z { hù he

| | hēn hen1

} } h!ng heng4

~ ~ h' hi1

• • hōng hong4


19/57

€ € hòng chong

hù hu4

‚ ‚ hù hu4ƒ ƒ huō huo1

„ „ i i5

… … ì i4

† † %u ou3

‡ ‡ uì ui4

ˆ ˆ u$ uo2

‰ ‰ uò uo4

Š Š uò uo4

‹ ‹ uò uo4


20/57

defnition

eigh 6

#ahe" a /a /a/a

hun"e nu+e"ou a** &in o# ha*# e+i7 inco+/*ee 8a#e" a nu+be"9 an a ha*#

no"h o be e#eae 8c*aica*9

conen ca*+ i** 0uie a#e ecu"e in goohea*h o :n a /*ace #o" o ina** o :( o : ob"ing 8a cha"ge again b9 o /aci#, ecu"i,

a#e, /eace a+/e"e

o ho* o conain o g"a/ o a&e ho* o#han*e /a"ic*e +a"&ing he #o**oing noun a ai"ec objec c*ai:e" #o" objec ih han*ec*ai:e" #o" +a** objec; han#u* han*e

ba" 8e".ing "in&< o" /"o.iing ine"ne acce

ec9 o /u= 8on a /i/e ec9 ono+a> bang 8+oa*/a"ic*e inicaing uggeion o" u"+ie9>>>"igh? >>>@A? >>>B /"eu+e>

hie no, /u"e b"igh e+/, b*an& /*ainc*ea" o +a&e c*ea" in .ain g"auiou #"ee o#cha"ge "eaciona", ani7co++uni #une"a* oa"e co**, o "ie "ong cha"ace" o ae oe(/*ain .e"nacu*a" /o&en *ine in o/e"a

o he*/ o ai o u//o" #o" b 8i>e> a a he*/9hi"e 8a o"&e"9 ie 8o# /ai*< boa ec9 oue"*a,e" g"ou/ gang c*i0ue /a", ec"e ocie,

o co.e" o "a/ o ho* o inc*ue o a&echa"ge o# o con"ac 8o o" #o"9 /ac&age "a//e"conaine" bag o ho* o" e+b"ace bun*e /ac&eCD;^E]Fg!G


21/57

8negai.e /"e:(9 no no

o ing o ca** *ou*, o chan

ie ege +a"gin bo"e" bouna", CD;^E]Fg!Gi+u*aneou*, uJ( o# a noun o# *oca*i,

o"ina", /*ain con.enien a con.enien henhe chance a"ie han, ea, in#o"+a* i+/*e

o hu o "e*ie.e onee*# o u"inae o e#ecaee0ui.a*en o £FjiùG; hen in ha cae e.en i#oon a#e"a" a.anageou chea/

o *ea.e o e/a" o e/a"ae o iinguih oc*ai#, ohe" anohe" o no +u no o /in o+a&e b change hei" a,< o/inion ec

i**ne CD;場E场FchángG ieae o #a** i** e#ec

abi*i, a*en b o# a ce"ain ,/e a ca/ab*eini.iua* on*, on*, hen ju no a +o+enago ju no 8/"ecee b, a c*aue o# coniion o""eaon9 no uni* 8#o**oe b, a nu+e"ica* c*aue9on*,

ih 8,/e o# #oo9 .egeab*e .egeab*e cuiine

CD;EF/ánG


22/57

bu ,e hoe.e" on*, +e"e*, i**

o ea o conu+e o ea a 8a ca#ee"ia ec9 oe"aicae o e"o, o abo"b o u=e" a++e"

o go ou o co+e ou o occu" o /"ouce o gobe,on o "ie o /u #o"h o ha//en c*ai:e"

#o" "a+a< /*a,< o/e"a eco bo"e h"ough o /ie"ce o /e"#o"ae o/ene"ae o /a h"ough o "e o ea" o/u on o h"ea

ne( in e0uence econ he econ 8a,< i+eec9 econa", .ice7 ub7 in#"a7 in#e"io" 0ua*i,ubana" o"e" e0uence h,/o7 8che+i",9c*ai:e" #o" enu+e"ae e.en; i+e

*a( ,ie*ing unhu""ie #"o+ .ia /aing h"oughh"ough 8a ga/9 /a e.e" 8#o**oe b, negai.e<+eaning ne.e"9 8#o"+e"*, /"> FòngG an "e*ae o–E—9 o #o**o o co+/*, ih o obe, o join oengage in ao/ing o+e +oe o# acion o"aiue #o**oe" "eaine" acceo", acco+/*ice"e*ae b, co++on /ae"na* g"an#ahe" o" ea"*ie"anceo" econ couin

+ia&e "ong ba ine"*oc&ing co+/*e( og"in o /o*ih o a*e"nae o agge" o +i o*e *i/ o e.ae o in*a, ih go* o" i*.e"

o ane" o ag"ee "e/*, ane" "eu"n "e/onecho

oen o bea o "i&e o hi o b"ea& o ,/e o+i( u/ o bui* o :gh o #ech o +a&e o ieu/ o iue o hoo o ca*cu*ae o /*a, 8aga+e9 ince #"o+

big huge *a"ge +ajo" g"ea ie ee/ o*ee*e ee ,˜Fài #uG

egg o.a* ha/e CD;^E]Fg!G


23/57


24/57

e*ec"ic e*ec"ici, e*ec"ica*

o be hung", hung",on non7,**abic i+inui.e uJ( "e"oKe( :na*o 2 u/i 8Heijing ia*ec9

o K,

inn ho/ o"e CD;FjiāGea ho 8i>e> iing on ea ie o# gue9*an*o"

o ue o ac o +o.e o change abb"> #o" @E?

žFòng cíG< .e"ba** boh eni"e*, 8ue #o" e+/hai9 e.ena*"ea, 8no9 a a** ca/ia* ci, +e"o/o*i

cou/*e /ai" o be o//oie o o//oe o #ace.e"u #o" o co""ec 8ane"9 o ane" o"e/*, o i"ec 8oa" h9 "igh

+an, +uch a *o o# nu+e"ou +o"e in e(ceho 8o ha e(en9 +u*i7 Paian /"> Fu$G hen

i +ean IhoI

#oo cuiine coo&e "ice +ea* CD;ŸFǎnG #o" 0ua"e o" cubic +ee"

houe "oo+ CD;“E’FjiānGo "e*eae o #"ee o *e go o /u o /*ace o *eou o e o= 8:"eo"&9

abb"> #o"Q¢

FQēi hōuG< R#"ica o no be no"ong inco""ec non7 un7 in7 o "e/"oach o"b*a+e 8co**o0uia*9 o ini on i+/*, +u

o i.ie o e/a"ae o i"ibue o a**ocae oiinguih 8goo an ba9 /a" o" ubi.iion#"acion one enh 8o# ce"ain uni9 uni o# *enghe0ui.a*en o S>33 c+ +inue a /oin 8in /o" o"ga+e9 S>S1 ,uan 8uni o# +one,9 /a" ha"eing"eien co+/onen


25/57

ha" :"+ "ong ju ba"e*, e(ac*,

high a** abo.e a.e"age *ou ,ou" 8hono"i:c9e*e" b"ohe"

o"& o"&e" &i** /"o#eion "ae c"a# *abo"

e(/eni.e nob*e ,ou" 8na+e9 /"eciou

#"ui "eu* "eo*ue inee i# "ea**,

chi*

c*ohe "e ga"+en o e".e o obe, ocon.ince o acc*i+aie o a&e 8+eicine9+ou"ning c*ohe o ea" +ou"ning c*ohe oe8+eau"e o" #o" +eicine9

hou* ough o /"obab*, +u be o ee".e o

oe o be bO u"n o o h ha he abo.e7+enione

", c*ean in .ain "ie #oo #oe" ao/i.e oigno"e o conce"n o ine"#e"e hie* e+ "ee"un& +ain /a" o# h o +anage o o"& o oca/ab*e ca"e o &i** 8*ang9 o #uc& 8.u*ga"9

ong CD;£Fh'Gg> o# a en", o" gua"9 +o"ee.en +o"e #u"he" i** i** +o"e

+ounain /a o c*oe o hu o u"n o= oconce"n o in.o*.e

coun", naion ae naiona* CD;^E]Fg!G

8e(/e"ience acion +a"&e"9 o c"o o go o.e"o /a 8i+e9 o ce*eb"ae 8a ho*ia,9 o *i.e oge a*ong e(cei.e*, oo7

i** i** in /"og"e i** +o"e ,e e.en +o"e in

aiion #ai"*, /aab*, 8goo9 a ea"*, a e.ena*o e*e o /a, bac& o "eu"n


26/57

o "in& T, gooneU o hou *ou*,

8a.e"b o# eg"ee9 0uie .e", a#u**,

ba /oi*e b"o&en o b"ea& on jo,ou ha//, /*eae

Van ehnic g"ou/ Chinee 8*anguage9 he Van,na, 82SW HC722S RL9 +an

goo e** /"o/e" goo o ea, o .e", o8uJ( inicaing co+/*eion o" "eaine9 8o# anun+a""ie cou/*e9 o be c*oe o be &een on each

ohe" o be #on o# o ha.e a enenc, o o be/"one o

"oa" c", CD;^E]Fg!G o"ina* nu+be" a, o# a+onh +a"& ign buine eab*ih+en iehi/ uJ( ho"n 8in in"u+en9 bug*e ca**au+e na+e o a&e a /u*e c*ai:e" ue oinicae nu+be" o# /eo/*e

Ma/anee 8#oo< c*ohe ec9 an ogehe" ihih u+ union /eace ha"+on, Paian /"> FhànGhen i +ean IanI ca/ 8a /oe+9 o "e/on ininging o co+/*ee a e in +ahjong o" /*a,ingca" o# a"+ o +i( ogehe" o b*en

abb"> #o" Vei*ongjiang /"o.ince w¥¦Ew§¦FVēi*$ng jiāngG b*ac& a"& 8*oano"9 o hac&

e+/"e 0ueen bac& behin "ea" a#e"a"a#e" *ae"

o ai o in0ui"e a#e" o ach eaon c*i+ae8o*9 /e"io o# :.e a,

Koe" b*oo+ CD;¨Fu%G


27/57

o *i.e a*i.e *i.ing o"& o"&+anhi/

o*e" ie"

can be /oib*e be ab*e o i** be *i&e*, o beu"e o o ae+b*e o +ee o gahe" o ee

union g"ou/ aociaion CD;^E]Fg!G a +o+en8Paian /"> #o" hi ene i FhuǐG9 o ba*ance anaccoun accounanc, accouning

:"e u"gen a++uniion :e", o" Ka+ing ine"na*hea 8Chinee +eicine9 ho 8/o/u*a"9 c*ai:e"#o" +i*ia", uni 8o*9

+achine engine o//o"uni, inenion ai"c"a#/i.o c"ucia* /oin Ke(ib*e 80uic&7ie9 o"ganicCD;±E²FáiG

#o* chic&en CD;ŒEFh'G

+a** ab*e a*+o ho +uch ho +an, e.e"a*a #e

o "eco" o noe o "e+e+be" +a"& ignc*ai:e" #o" b*o< &ic&< ho

ho+e #a+i*, 8/o*ie9 +, 8ie"< unc*e ec9c*ai:e" #o" #a+i*ie o" buinee "e#e" o he/hi*oo/hica* choo* o# /"e7Van China noun uJ(#o" a /ecia*i in o+e aci.i,< uch a a +uiciano" "e.o*uiona",< co""e/oning o Xng*ih 7i< 7e"<

7a", o" 7ian CD;^E]Fg!G

#a&e #a*e a"i:cia* o bo""o i# u//oe.acaion

beeen a+ong ihin a e:nie i+e o" /ace"oo+ ecion o# a "oo+ o" *ae"a* /ace beeeno /ai" o# /i**a" c*ai:e" #o" "oo+ ga/ oe/a"ae o hin ou 8ee*ing9 o o iconen

o ee o +ee o a//ea" 8o be h9 o ine".ieo a//ea"

o each "e*igion eaching o +a&e o caue oe**

o hou o ca** o o"e" o a& o be ca**e b,8inicae agen in he /ai.e +oo9

a na/ a *ee/ CD;場E场FchángG o #ee* o :n hahin&ing aa&e aa"e

o *en o bo""o b, +ean o# o a&e 8ano//o"uni,9 .a"ian o# ›Fji!G


28/57

oa, +oe"n /"een cu""en hi no

c*ean co+/*ee*, on*,nine Y

hi",

o a.ance o ene" o co+e 8o" go9 ino o"ecei.e o" a+i o ea o" "in& o ub+i o"/"een 8ue a#e" a .e"b9 ino< in o co"e a goa*

ine 8e/> "ice ine9 *i0uo" /i"i a*coho*icbe.e"age CD;‘FbēiG


29/57

o co+e o a""i.e o co+e "oun e.e" ince ne(

o ach #"o+ a heigh o" iance o u".e,

co*

/oe" #o"ce "engh abi*i, "enuou*,

i( W

*u+/ 8o# ea"h9 chun& /iece c*ai:e" #o" /ieceo# c*oh< ca&e< oa/ ec co**o0uia* o" #o" ,uan 8o"ohe" uni o# cu""enc, uch a Vong Aong o" [\o**a" ec9< uua**, a óE¬ò

"a/i 0uic& /ee "ae oon a*+o o +a&e

hae c*e.e" ha"/ 8o# &ni.e o" i9 #o"h"igh/*ain7/o&en g"ai:e /*eae /*eaan

/"e:( ue be#o"e he u"na+e o# a /e"on o" anu+e"a* inicaing he o"e" o# bi"h o# he chi*"enin a #a+i*, o" o inicae a=ecion o" #a+i*ia"i, o*

8o# /eo/*e9 .ene"ab*e 8/e"on9 e(/e"ience o#*ong aning a*a, a** he i+e o# he /a.e", ouae 8o# +ea ec9 ough

o accu+u*ae o in.o*.e o" i+/*icae coninuou"e/eae i"e ea", o "ain o ea" ou oo"& ha" "o/e o bin ogehe" o i a"oun

*ining ine"io" inie ine"na* a*o "ien ¾EµF*ǐG

*ining ine"io" inie ine"na* a*o "ien ¶EµF*ǐGDi 8u"na+e9 *i 8Chinee +i*e9 5SS +ee"8+oe"n9 ho+e ho+eon .i**age neighbo"hooa+ini"ai.e uni

o boh o+e a #e ae*< uni o# eigh e0ua* o5S g"a+ 8+oe"n9 o" 1]1W o# a ca, ¿Fj'nG 8o*9

e"o nough e"o ign #"aciona* #"ag+ena",o 8o# nu+be"9 8/*ace beeen o nu+be" oinicae a +a**e" 0uani, #o**oe b, a *a"ge"one9 #"acion 8in +ahe+aic9 "e+aine" 8a#e"i.iion9 e("a o ihe" an #a** o ihe"

houe ih +o"e han 1 o", o"ie bui*ingKoo" CD;ÀEÁFcéngG


30/57

+a +o+ +ohe"

o bu, o /u"chae*obu, hu""ie*, o hu"", o "uh

o ho* o eie o cach o a//"ehen o a&e

"oa CD;™EšFiáoG jou"ne, "oue *ine 8bu ec9o" &in

abb"> #o" Ta*a,ia Â°?ÅEÁ¯?ÆFTǎ *ái (' ,àG

ho"e CD;ÇF/iG ho"e o" ca.a*", /iece in Chineeche &nigh in Zee"n cheee ÄÈEÃÈ< +o"/hine 80ueion ag9

e(c*a+ao", :na* /a"ic*e ine""ogai.e :na*

/a"ic*e uJ(< ue o #o"+ ine""ogai.e ÉÊE什É<

ha?< ine:nie yÊExÉ hu ec

8negai.e /"e:( #o" .e"b9 ha.e no no "oneo en o ie o inunae

gae oo" CD;ÊFhànG gaea, oo"a, CD;^E]Fg!G o/ening .a*.e ich a, o o o+ehing&nac& #a+i*, houe 8"e*igiou9 ec choo* 8o#hough9 c*a caego", /h,*u+ o" i.iion8a(ono+,9 c*ai:e" #o" *a"ge gun c*ai:e" #o"*eon< ubjec< b"anche o# echno*og,

/*u"a* +a"&e" #o" /"onoun< an noun "e#e""ing oini.iua*

#ace ie u"#ace a/ec o/ c*ai:e" #o" Kau"#ace uch a "u+< +i""o"< Kag ec .a"iano# ËEÑF+iànG Kou" noo*e

na+e noun 8/a" o# /eech9 /*ace 8e>g> a+onginne"9 #a+ou c*ai:e" #o" /eo/*e

Ting L,na, 813W671W449 u"na+e Ting Ting 8c>2SSS HC9< #ou"h o# he *egena", Q*a+e X+/e"o"<

ÌÍF á̂n ìG ecene #"o+ \hennong ÎÏEÎÐ

F\hén n$ngG Qa"+e" _o b"igh o//oie; a"& ÑFànG 8o# +eaning9 c*ea" o une"an ne(/ub*ic o" o/en ie gene"ic e"+ #o" a ac"i:ce ohe go

ho hich 8/a"ic*e e0ui.a*en o Ò a#e" noun

ening in 7n9 hich? 8ine""ogai.e< #o**oe b,c*ai:e" o" nu+e"a*7c*ai:e"9


31/57

b"ea *a, +i*&

ouh

b"ain +in hea eence

o e(e" o "i.e

#"ien

.a"ian o# ÕFnǎG ha hoe hen 8in ha cae9co++on*, /"> Fn!iG be#o"e a c*ai:e"< e/> inHeijing

+a*e Ha"on< *oe o# :.e o"e" o# nobi*i, =6Ó

ÔF) ěng jué !iG CD;^E]Fg!G

iJcu* 8o>>>9 /"ob*e+ iJcu*, iJcu* nogoo iae" i"e o co*

/a"ic*e inicaing ha a /"e.iou*, a&e 0ueioni o be a//*ie o he /"eceing o" 8IZha abou>>>?I< IRn >>>?I9 /a"ic*e #o" in0ui"ing abou *ocaion

8IZhe"e i >>>?I9 /a"ic*e igna*ing a /aue< oe+/haie he /"eceing o" an a**o he*iene" i+e o a&e he+ on boa" 8Io&?I< Ia"e ,ouih +e?I9 8a he en o# a ec*a"ai.e enence9/a"ic*e inicaing coninuaion o# a ae o" acion/a"ic*e inicaing "ong aJ"+aion hi8Canonee9 ee a*o ÕF*'G oo*en +ae"ia*

o be ab*e o o be ca/ab*e o# abi*i, ca/abi*i,ab*e ca/ab*e can /oib*, 8uua**, ue in henegai.e9 o ha.e he /oibi*i, o#

,ou 8in#o"+a*< a o//oe o cou"eou ÖFnínG9,ea" CD;^E]Fg!Go( co bu** CD;™EšFiáoG


32/57

e.en `

ea+ .a/o"

a** ho*e eni"e e.e", co+/*ee

co""ec "igh o hu *i&e hi 7*,

ic&e ba**o ban& noe CD;ÚEÛFhāngG /e"onhe* #o" "ano+ a+aeu" /e"#o"+ance o# Chineeo/e"a c*ai:e" #o" hi/+en an buine"anacion 8o/o*ec9

Ka *e.e* e0ua* o ie 8+a&e he a+e co"e9 o

"a 8co"e9 ca*+ /eace#u* ee a*o êÜEêÝF/íng hēngG

a /e"io o# i+e /hae age 8ue #o" iue o# a/e"ioica*< cou"e o# u,9 i+e e"+ /e"io oho/e Paian /"> F0íG

o "ie o "aie o ge u/ o e ou o a" oa//ea" o *aunch o iniiae 8acion9 o "a# o

eab*ih o ge 8#"o+ a e/o o" coune"9 .e"buJ(< o a" 8be#o"e /*ace o" i+e9 a"ing #"o+c*ai:e" #o" occu""ence o" un/"eicab*e e.en;cae< inance c*ai:e" #o" g"ou/; bach< g"ou/

ga ai" +e** eahe" o +a&e ang", o anno,o ge ang", .ia* ene"g, 0i

#"on #o"a" ahea ago be#o"e :" #o"+e"#o"+e"*, #uu"e HC 8e>g> ñ2Y3á9

coin +one, CD;ÞEßFbǐG uni o# eigh< one enh

o# a ae* ¹E¸F*iǎngGo a& o in.ie /*eae 8o h9 o "ea 8o a +ea*ec9 o "e0ue

ba** /he"e g*obe CD;^E]Fg!G ba** ga+e +ach

CD;場E场FchǎngGo go o go o 8a /*ace9 o caue o go o" en8b9 o "e+o.e o ge "i o# 8hen ue eihe"be#o"e o" a#e" a .e"b9 o go in o"e" o o h obe a/a" #"o+ in /ace o" i+e 8a#e" a .e"b o#+oion inicae +o.e+en aa, #"o+ he/ea&e"9 8ue a#e" ce"ain .e"b o inicaeeach+en o" e/a"aion9 8o# a i+e o" an e.enec9 ju /ae o" e*a/e

o ,ie* o /e"+i o *e b o h o ha.e b oh


33/57

o "ecognie o &no o a+i

+ea Keh /u*/ 8o# a #"ui9h"ee 3

#e *i*e *ac& ,oungho a*o /"> FhuíG

ha .e", e("e+e*, an,

en 1SoOc*oc& i+e hen hou" eaon /e"io

o *oo& a o "ega" o in/eci a"e a+ ,e o be

o a"+ u/ o hea u/ ho 8o# eahe"9 hea#e".en

+an /e"on /eo/*e CD;^E]Fg!G FhìG o "eco" o"ie a #oonoe

+ae" hing ie+ o"& a=ai" CD;àFjiànG


34/57

o *ee/ o *ie on

#ou" 4

hehighe g"eae oo 8+uch9 .e", e("e+e*,bo, #o"+ ,*e ,e+a, &, hea.en

ouie in aiion #o"eign e(e"na*o :nih o be o.e" ho*e co+/*ee eni"e

e.ening nigh *ae

ne neo"&o #o"ge o o.e"*oo& o neg*ec

ae" "i.e" *i0ui be.e"age aiiona* cha"ge o"inco+e 8o# c*ohe9 c*ai:e" #o" nu+be" o# ahe

o /e"uae o /ea& o a, o e(/*ain o co*

o e** o= a heo", 8uua**, in co+/oun uch a日ë说 he*iocen"ic heo",9

o ie i+/aab*e unc"oab*e inKe(ib*e "igie("e+e*,

o e*i.e" o ca"", o gi.e 8a a /"een9 o/"een 8ih9 o ee o= o en

c*ai:e" #o" ,ea" 8o# age9 ,ea" ,ea" 8o# c"o/

ha".e9acua**, /*ace c*ai:e" #o" houe< +a**bui*ing< iniuion ec ha hich /a"ic*e

in"oucing a "e*ai.e c*aue o" /ai.e CD;^E]Fg!G

he o" hi+ 8ue #o" eihe" e( hen he e( iun&non o" uni+/o"an9 8ue be#o"e bO na+e#o" e+/hai9 8ue a a +eaning*e +oc&objec9 ohe" anohe"

o *ien o hea" o obe, a can 8*oano" #"o+Xng*ih IinI9 c*ai:e" #o" canne be.e"age8*ie"a", /"onunciaion< i** a.ocae in Paian9 o"u*e o enence o a**o

*i&e a+e i+i*a" ogehe" a*i&e ih ee ìíEî

/Fh- òngG

o, h ue #o" a+ue+en cu"io o" ani0ue8Paian /"> FànG9 o /*a, o ha.e #un o "iKeih o &ee/ h #o" ene"ain+en


35/57


36/57

o "ie

a" ae**ie +a** a+oun

o *ea"n o u, cience 7o*og,

+eica* +eicine oco" o cu"e o "ea

o+e #e e.e"a* +eau"e o" inicaing a+a** a+oun o" +a** nu+be" 8g"eae" han 19

o han& o a/o*ogie o ihe" 8o# Koe"< *ea.eec9 o ec*ine

abb"> #o" injiang SñF'n jiāngG o" \inga/o"e SòóF'n jiā /ōG ne ne*, +eo7 8che+i",9

a "o e"ie age o"e" 8o# b"ohe"9 /"o#eion/"o#eiona* "e*aing o co+/an, o a*& o go o"a.e* a .ii e+/o"a", +a&ehi# cu""en inci"cu*aion o o o /e"#o"+ ca/ab*e co+/een

e=eci.e a** "igh @AU i** o beha.io" conuc

o "ie o Kou"ih o beco+e /o/u*a" o a" oencou"age o ge u/ 8o#en ue in he negai.e9o /e"+i o" a**o 8o/o*ec9 +a,be 8o/o*ec9#ee*ing o" ei"e o o h ine"e in he(cie+en

o "e o o/ oing h #o" a /e"io o# i+e o

ceae 8i+/e"ai.e9 onO

+anne" /ae"n a, a//ea"ance ha/e CD;^E]Fg!Go e+an o "e0ue o coe"ce i+/o"an .ia*o an i** going o 8a #uu"e au(i*ia",9 +a,+u 8ue in a co+/a"ion9 +u be /"obab*,

a*o oo 8in C*aica* Chinee9 :na* /a"ic*ei+/*,ing aJ"+aion

one 1 ing*e a 8a"ic*e9 a oon a eni"e ho*ea** h"oughou IoneI "aica* in Chinee cha"ace"8Aang(i "aica* 19

c*ohe CD;àFjiànG o "e o ea" o /u on8c*ohe9

abb"> #o" B"ae* côõF^ǐ ! *i!G o ue acco"ing

o o a o b, +ean o# in o"e" o b, ihbecaue


37/57

caue "eaon becaue

#"ieno ha.e he"e i he"e a"e o e(i o be

ia*ec *anguage /eech o e** o

ea"*, +o"ning _oo +o"ningUho

"ea**, "u*, inee "ea* "ue genuine

o &no o be aa"e

Ba*, Ba*ian abb"> #o" d,ŽF^ì à *ìG iea+eaning hough o hin& ih ei"e ineniono e(/ec o anici/ae

o ag"ee 8o o h9 hou* ough o o ane" o

"e/on o co+/*, ih o ea* o" co/e iho ue o e+/*o, o ha.e o o ea o" "in&e(/ene o" ou*a, ue#u*ne hence he"e#o"e

8once9 again a*o boh>>> an>>> an ,e 8ue #o"e+/hai9 an,a,

#a" ian "e+oe o iance onee*# #"o+8c*aica*9

cou",a" iniuion CD;^E]Fg!G+oon +onh CD;^E]Fg!G Fh!iG be#o"e a c*ai:e"<e/> in Heijing9

o +a&e &non o ho o /"o.e o "ie boo&ouaning

:" +onh o# he *una" ,ea" ju 8"igh9 +ainu/"igh "aigh co""ec /oii.e g"eae" hane"o /"inci/*e

China Chinee ihin a+ong in +i*e cene"hi*e 8oing h9 u"ing o hi 8he +a"&9 o be hi

b, o u=e" o in 8a /"ie< a *oe",9


38/57

o he*/ o aiab*e

+o he +o 7e 8u/e"*ai.e uJ(9,ee"a,

o "e/ea "e/eiion again "e7 c*ai:e"; *a,e"hea., e"iou o aach i+/o"ance o

o *i.e o e** o a, o "eie o o/ 8uJ(inicaing :"+ne< eaine< o" co+ing o a ha*9

on chi* ee egg +a** hing 1 ea"h*,b"anch; 11 />+>71 a>+>< +inigh< 11h o*a" +onh8`h Lece+be" o 5h Manua",9< ,ea" o# he aicoun< #ou"h o# :.e o"e" o# nobi*i, =6ÓÔF) ěng jué !iG 8noun uJ(9

*ee" ,+bo* cha"ace" o" CD;^E]Fg!G

cou"e, o" ,*e na+e "aiiona**, gi.en o +a*eage 2S in ,naic China

o a*& o go o "un o +o.e 8o# .ehic*e9 o .iio *ea.e o go aa, o ie 8eu/h>9 #"o+ h"oughaa, 8in co+/oun .e"b< uch a ø†9 o change8ha/e< #o"+< +eaning9

o o o g"o o "ie o" co+/oe o /"een o"ega" a o #ee* "iing o" o"&

o i o a&e a ea o a&e 8a bu< ai"/*ane ec9o bea" #"ui .a"ian o# ÂFuòGo o o +a&e o /"ouce o "ie o co+/oe oac a o engage in o ho* 8a /a",9 o be obeco+e o #uncion 8in o+e ca/aci,9 o e".ea o be ue #o" o #o"+ 8a bon o" "e*aionhi/9o /"een o #eign o ac a /a" o /u on

a//ea"ance


39/57

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