Abstract—This research attempt to signify the role of Hajj

Pilgrimage as the pilar to uphold Moslem faith and the tool of generating economic development among the community. The will that comes out of the need to fulfill this religious obligation of moslems have been engaged and uphold through Sharia Institution among the community. The role of Sharia Institution in conducting the fund raising for the purpose of pilgrimage and organizing such funds to the economic development of the community even the nation’s in various activities and how the Indonesian government regulates this institution were the highlights of this research.

Keywords— Hajj Pilgrimage, mid-lower community, Sharia Institution, religious obligation.

I. INTRODUCTION

A. The Research Background

HE The rising number of Hajj candidates in the world each year, around 1,8 million candidates in 2012 [1] and

for Indonesia were 211 thousand as the number of which not include Premium Hajj (Haji Plus) [2] show how encouraging and inspiring Hajj Pilgrimage [7] was around the world and Indonesian Moslems. It was also described how deep every moslems’ belief that fulfilling their obligations in Hajj are the most absolute need of their souls beyond another basic daily’s prays. The title of Hajj may have been one moslem’s prestige reason to fulfill the pilgrimage yet the terms of Maqbul Hajj has been believed also as the promotor behind the society economic development. There were certain reason of one Moslem to do Hajj Pilgrimage, which was praying and wishing for success in Hajj candidates’ lives and businesses when they were going back to their home countries and communities.

There are many stores, franchises and businesses and even the streets were using Hajj title in front of their names. This kind of behaviour nonetheless was uplifting the spirit of moslems to develop their personal performances, as person in the society or the person in the businesses’ unit and many Hajj were able to do the pilgrimage because of their successful businesses.

Rida Prihatni MS.i, Dedi Purwana, ES., M.Bus, M.Yasser Arafat, MM, Marsellisa Nindito, MS.c, and Diena Noviarini, MMSI are with Department of Economics, State University of Jakarta, Indonesia. Corresponding Author. Tel: (60)214721227,Fax: (60)81317793407 E-mail: 5TUdiena_ 1601 @yahoo.comU5T

Acknowledgments: The Authors thanks the contribution of The State University of Jakarta and Faculty of Economic Fund.

B. Problem Formulation Based on the background that has been presented then the following were made to resume the problem:

1. How deep the faith of moslem to do Hajj pilgrimage? 2. How much Hajj candidate was willing to sacrifice their

posessions in order to fulfill Hajj pilgrimage? 3. How Hajj have anything to do with the economic

development of community?

C. The Objectives of The Research: Based on the background of the problems described above, then the purpose of the research, among others, are as follows:

1. To find the depth of Moslems’ faith to do Hajj pilgrimage

2. To find how much and how far the intention of Hajj candidates to fulfill the pilgrimage

3. To find the relation between Hajj pilgrimage with the economic development of Hajj’s community.

II. THEORETICAL BACKGROUND

A. Hajj Pilgrimage Hajj candidates are the Moslem Indonesian Citizen that have register to fulfilling Hajj pilgrimage that suitable with certain condition [3]. In order to fulfill the pilgrimage, one candidate have to provide and pay certain amount of money, called the Hajj Pilgrimage Organizing Cost (Biaya Penyelenggaraan Ibadah Haji) [4]. The BPIH for regular Hajj was around $3000-$3500 as for the Premium or Plus Hajj around $6000. The fund that need to be paid for most Indonesian Moslems was considered expensive, therefor some candidates need to save their money first and it would took sometimes for their savings to cover the BPIH. The Sharia Institution and the Qur’an Reciter Community in Mosques were helping the Hajj candidates in organizing and channelling the Hajj fund to the BPIH this usually cover for the Premium Hajj (Haji Plus) funds while the Reguler Hajj funds would straightly been paid to the government institution. The spread that emerged between the actual cost of Premium Hajj and the cost that paid by the Hajj candidates were organized for the operational cost of those institution and community and the welfare of Hajj-person themselves. Anggito Abimanyu, General Directorate of Hajj and Umrah have stated that older people, around the age of 70 years old, dominated the Hajj candidates of Indonesia in 2012. Further stated by Anggito, that around 50% out of the total candidates were with higher risks in their health [5]. This have showed that age was never really an issue to do Hajj Pilgrimage nor

Hajj Pilgrimage: The Faith and Economic Development Uphold

Rida Prihatni, Dedi Purwana, ES., M.Yasser Arafat, Marsellisa Nindito, and Diena Noviarini

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the health risks though the Hajj’s cost factor might be the reason in the delay of fulfilling the obligations.

B. The Uphold of Economic Development The title of Hajj has been the prestige of moslems as in this

research, their daily lives and businesses. It was also bring the certain comfortness and happiness by the so-called named Hajj. Many candidates were able to fund the pilgrimage by using their assets, some of them have to sold their posessions first but other candidates have saved their money in the bank and whenever their savings considered enough they were able to get the portion in the SISKOHAT (Sistem Komputerisasi Haji Terpadu) [6]. By the time they have fulfilled their obligations, Hajj would return with full of spirit to enhance their capacity as moslems and enhancing their performances as the person in their communities.

III. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

A. The Determination of Informants We have conducted and interviewed some of the informants

in Jakarta, of which the informants were the Hajj-person and candidates, Hajj and Umroh Travel Agents, Qur’an reciter communities in Mosques and Hajj and Umroh Sharia Institutions. We have decided that the suitable informants coming from Nahdlatul Ulama and Muhammadiyah symphatizers yet the Moslems in several mosques were also being interviewed.

B. The Data Collection Techniques The data collection covers randomly of Java area for a

couple of moths yet we figure that the best research time was in the Hajj-season of which should be conducted in September-October 2012.

C. The Analysis of Data We have carefully taken notes from our informants and

observed their businesses entities and websites therefor we could have some findings and reach proper conclusion out of the questionnaires list.

IV. FINDINGS OF THE RESEARCH 4.1. Hajj candidates were following the Qur’an in order to

fulfilling their obligations to do Hajj pilgrimage, nonetheless if they have no sufficient funds they would save their money in the banks or BPIH organizers and be patient in the waiting list [9]. 4.2. The Hajj candidates with sufficient funds did not sell their possesions in order to cover the BPIH and as for the Hajj candidates that have no sufficient funds would sell their assets or gradually saving their money until its covered the cost.

4.3. The Hajj person whenever they got back from the pilgrimage have the full spirit with them to prove their dedication in faith by serving the community with the highest performances. This psychological behaviour coming from the spiritual experiences they have had in the Holy Land and

emerged in the generating economic development of their communities better.

V. CONCLUSIONS AND THE FUTURE RECOMMENDATION

A. Conclusion We have concluded that faith and economic development

were engaged by the Hajj before and after they have had fulfilled their obligations in Hajj pilgrimage. Certain behaviour that have risen was the spirit to maintain and enhance their performances as the community members and this spirit have proven could generate the economic development.

B. Future Recommendation We thought that the best samples of this and a like research

were the Hajj candidates and organizers, however, the better result might have been achieved through the observation of wider areas and informants and longer research.

LIST OF QUESTIONAIRES To. Mr./Mrs. Informants List of questions: 1. What do you know about Hajj Pilgrimage based on

syar’i? 2. Have Sharia been implemented in the credits’ channeling

to your customer? 3. Have the principle of justice been implemented in the

credits’ channeling? 4. Have the principle of transparency been implemented in

the credit’s channeling? 5. Have the accountabilities’ principle been implemented in

the credits’ channeling? 6. Have the Hajj Pilgrimage been socialized among Hajj

candidates? 7. Have the fund that coming from Hajj candidate been

organized for the development of mid-lower community’s economy?

8. In your opinion, have the Bank of Indonesia regulate the institution that organizes the Hajj fund?

9. Did you use accounting software to produce financial report?

10. Do you have the M.O.U or any other co-operations with another Hajj Organizer abroad?

11. Do you have the M.O.U or any other co-operations with another State Hajj Organizers’ abroad?

REFERENCES [1] 2,8 Juta Jemaah Tunaikan Ibadah Haji http:// haji. kemenag. go. Id /

index.php/subMenu/informasi/berita/detailberita/230 [2] http://www.esqtours.com/article/186/kuota-haji-2012-ditambah-lagi [3] http://haji.kemenag.go.id/index.php/subMenu/569 [4] http://haji.kemenag.go.id/index.php/subMenu/573 [5] http://haji.kemenag.go.id/index.php/subMenu/informasi/berita/detailber

ita/263 [6] http://haji.kemenag.go.id/assets/data/arsip/brosur_pendaftaran_haji-

reduced.pdf

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[7] Mohd Suhaimi Bin Haji Ishak, (2011). Tabung Haji as an Islamic Financial Institution For Sustainable Economic Development, IPEDR vol.17, IACSIT Press, Singapore.

[8] David Clingingsmith, Asim Ijaz Khwaja, Michael Kramer, (2008). Estimating The Impact of The Hajj: Religion and Tolerance in Islam’s Global Gathering, Faculty Research Working Paper Series, Harvard Kennedy School, John F.Kennedy School of Government, USA.

[9] Permenag No.14 Tahun 2012, Penyelenggaraan Ibadah Haji Reguler, Berita Negara Republik Indonesia: 898-2012..

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