haitian revolution
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Haitian Revolution. Two Stories. End of Slavery Pain of Haiti. 2010 Earthquake. Haiti in Context. Haiti v. Dominican Republic. GDP – 13.2 billion v. 100 billion Per capita – 1,300$ v. 9,300$ Unemployment – 41% v. 14.7% Poverty – 80% v. 34% Literacy – 53% v. 90%. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Haitian Revolution
Two StoriesEnd of SlaveryPain of Haiti
2010 Earthquake
Haiti in ContextHaiti v. Dominican RepublicGDP –13.2 billion v. 100
billionPer capita – 1,300$ v. 9,300$Unemployment – 41% v. 14.7%Poverty – 80% v. 34%Literacy – 53% v. 90%
Haiti in ContextHow did Haiti become the first free island in the Caribbean but is now one of the poorest?
Haiti in ContextHow is the history of Haiti also the history of Slavery?
French Colonies
French Colonies
Trade with Native Americans
French Colonies
Slavery and Plantations
French Slavery
French Slavery1660s -
Focused on Caribbean
Coffee and Sugar
plantations
French SlaveryThree Tier System
White Slavers – 32,000Free Blacks – 28,000 Africans – 452,000
French SlaveryWhite Slavers
Almost all men
Wealthy lineages
Want to establish their own country
French SlaveryFree Blacks
Children of slave owners
Educated and often Slave owners
French SlaveryAfrican Slaves
High rate of death means constant
influx
Create shared language (Creole)
and religion (Voudou)
Colonialism
France very dependent on wealth from Haiti
White Haitians want independence
Constant tension
1665-1789
Colonialism
Upper class of France becoming very rich
But government was bankrupted by wars with England
1665-1789
Revolution1789
Revolution1789
1791-1794
Freed black population & slaves band together to fight white slave holders
Revolution
1794
All slavery is banned throughout France and its colonies
Emancipation
1794
All slavery is banned throughout France and its colonies
Emancipation
1794-1801
French in conflict with Spain and
England
Conflict spills onto Haiti
Free under France
1801-1804
Napoleon is in power and focused on wars in Europe
Former slaves push out all
French forces
Freedom from France
1801-1804 "For our
declaration of independence, we
should have the skin of a white man for parchment, his
skull for an inkwell, his blood for ink,
and a bayonet for a pen!"
Moral Challenges• Slaughter of white men, women,
children, and elderly shocks Americans and Europeans
• Lack of sympathy for Haiti on world stage
• Haitian constitution bans whites from owning property – insures no outside investment
Economic Failure• Haiti is free, but French embargos
cripple its economy
• Almost 10% of young men pulled into the defense of the island – not enough people to work
• Have to pay huge reparations to slave-holders to lift embargo (40$ Billion)
Political Victory• France is first major world
power to ban slavery (1794)
• Denmark-Norway stop slave ships (1803)
• Britain bans slave trade (1807), and eventually slavery (1833)
• Spain abolishes slavery (1810)
Political Victory• Common myth that
Enlightenment, Revolution and Emancipation go together
• Ignores the sacrifices of revolutionaries like those in Haiti
Long Term Effects• Defeat hurts Napoleon’s dreams
of French Empire
• To finance wars he makes the Louisiana Purchase deal with America
• America doubles in size
Long Term Effects• White slave holders retreat to
American South (Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama)
• Southern states form coalition to continue slaving until Civil War (1865)
Two StoriesEnd of SlaveryPain of Haiti