Shock Absorbing System

Kerakoll® technology to achieve total safety when laying

H40® ECO RANGE WITH SAS TECHNOLOGY

Shock Absorbing SystemH40® Eco: leader in technological innovation

In 1978 Kerakoll® launched the H40® Eco project, fielding an unprecedented team of researchers, manufacturing engi-neers and specialist technicians engaged in 750 different design projects to create the perfect adhesive.

From this project H40® Eco Flex was born: the first adhe-sive with single-component technology for the high-per-formance laying of porcelain tiles and natural stone in ap-plications subject to the highest degree of strain, such as laying over existing flooring, facades, terraces and large surfaces.

To date, H40® Eco Flex has attained every possible quality award, setting outright records for adhesion to porcelain tiles (30 kg/cm2, more than 108 tons for a 60x60 porcelain tile). Not to mention becoming a benchmark in terms of quality, technological innovation and safety thanks to the design philosophy and unique manufacturing processes.

1993H40® Eco Marmorex is the 1st single-component adhesive with specific technology for the high-performance laying of perme-able, light coloured marbles and natural stone

1995H40® Eco Tenaflex is the 1st single-component adhesive with specific technology for the high-performance laying of glass mo-saic and porcelain tiles in swimming pools, baths and fountains

1996H40® Eco Flotex is the 1st single-component, thixotropic adhe-sive for the full-bed laying of large format slabs in thicknesses of up to 20 mm

2002H40® Eco Ideal becomes the 1st innovative technology single-component adhesive to be highly resistant to sulphates, with no vertical slip, for the direct application of all types of porcelain tiles, ceramic tiles and stable natural stone on gypsum and anhydrite

2008H40® Eco Extraflex is the 1st single-component adhesive with specific technology for the high-performance laying of porce-lain tiles on facades

2012H40® Eco Rapidflex is the 1st single-component adhesive with specific technology for the high-performance laying of porce-lain and ceramic tiles of all types and formats on deformable and timber substrates

H40® Eco, A TRADITION OF INNOVATIONH40® Eco continually sets outright technological firsts:

H40® ECO RANGE : WITH SAS TECHNOLOGYThe highest safety levels in the new standard set by Kerakoll® laboratories.

Since 1998, H40® Eco has been the top range of adhe-sives with SAS - Shock Absorbing System - technology. SAS is the exclusive safety test developed by Kerakoll® engineers that reproduces real on-site conditions, simu-lating the most critical thermo-mechanical and chemical strain that no other adhesive has ever had to withstand.

The Safety-Test is based on a highly advanced scien-tific system of mathematical modelling developed by the Kerakoll® Research and Development Centre to instru-mentally simulate the extreme operating conditions that an adhesive may encounter during its entire life cycle.

The reliability and effectiveness of SAS Technology are ensured by the use of highly automated equipment, state-of-the-art electronic technology and custom-ised software applications. Hence, H40® Eco sets new performance limits and higher safety standards for the high-performance laying of porcelain tiles, natural stone and single-fired large format slabs over existing flooring.

Shock Absorbing SystemStrain cycles

FREEZE-THAW CYCLES IN WATERTest-system code TW 01MK 225/EN 1348-8.5 method

Porcelain tile test samples bonded on normal con-crete substrates (EN 1323) using an adhesive from the H40® Eco range are immersed in the climatic chamber to be subjected to repeated, close-range freeze and thaw strain cy-cles.

CONTROLLED TENSILE STRESSTest-system code MA 01 - MK 241/EN 1348-8.2 method

Immediately after the thermal strain cycles, the same test samples are then subjected to mechanical strain using a test-system in which the tensile stress is controlled dynam-ically. By means of highly receptive sensors, this system can develop controlled tensile strain cycles on the adhe-sive test samples in terms of both the values set and the frequency of the stress applied.

COLD-HOT CYCLES IN AIRTest-system code TA 02MK 229/EN 1348-8.4 method

On completion of the freeze-thaw cycles in wa-ter, the same test samples are then placed in an au-tomatic temperature and relative humidity control climatic chamber where they undergo thermal strain, subjected repeat-edly to close-range cycles of strong heat followed by freezing.

SAS Technology - THERMAL STRAIN CYCLES

Thermal strain is a critical threat for all exterior coverings. Changes in climatic conditions can be both extreme in na-ture and in frequency, creating tensile stress that in turn leads to strain and rapid loss of performance. SAS Technol-ogy sets absolute extreme test-system values by creating

close-range temperature excursion cycles on the adhesive layer, reproducing the real conditions of the most difficult world climates.

SAS Technology - MECHANICAL STRAIN CYCLES

The operating mechanical stress that coverings subjected to heavy traffic or exacting static and dynamic loads un-dergo are very often critical in establishing the suitability of an adhesive.

SAS Technology reproduces repeated tensile strain cycles using an exclusive, highly automated test-system with con-tinuous control of the force applied.

An adhesive’s ability to deform transversally represents a safety aspect when flexural movements of the substrate and expansion of the covering must be absorbed when lay-ing floor coverings. Many flexible resins share the same technical limit whereby their ability to deform is progres-sively reduced on exposure to air and water, to repeated stress and to heat and freezing. The H40® Eco technology uses flexible co-polymers with a specific chemical struc-ture for adhesives, making them extremely stable in perfor-mance terms and resistant to alkaline hydrolysis, thereby ensuring the initial high deformability performance charac-teristics remain stable over time. The Safety-Test subjects H40® Eco to strain cycles at high transversal deformation values, creating thin adhesive layers of equal thickness in accordance with EN standard. After curing, the test sam-ples are first subjected to thermal strain cycles with the TW 01 and TA 02 test-system before undergoing repeated

and continuous transversal deformation strain cycles in a test-system equipped with exclusive application software which automatically controls the resulting deformation and force applied, thereby reproducing the same conditions of stress that an adhesive in the most difficult uses would un-dergo.

SHEAR STRENGTH OF pORCELAIN TILES/pORCELAIN TILES OVERLAYINGTest-system code MC 02- MK 242/ANSI A118.1 method

Drying shrinkage of concrete, screeds and plasters, moving loads and materials with different expansion coefficients subjected to thermal shock create shear forces on the tile/adhesive interface that very often exceed all other types of stress. The Safety-Test subjects H40® Eco to overlaying shear strain cycles by bonding the perfectly smooth upper sides of two non-aligned porcelain tiles together as pre-scribed in the relative ANSI standard. After curing, the test samples are first subjected to thermal strain cycles with the TW 01 and TA 02 test-system before undergoing re-peated and continuous compression shear strain cycles in a test-system equipped with exclusive application software

which automatically controls the force applied and result-

ing deformation, thereby reproducing the same conditions

of stress that an adhesive in extreme uses would undergo.

TRANSVERSAL DEFORMATIONTest-system code MD 03- MK 250/EN 12002 method

Shock Absorbing SystemStrain cycles

IMMERSION IN SuLpHATE WATERTest-system code CH 01- MK 254 method

SAS Technology - CHEMICAL STRAIN CYCLES

The laying of coverings on gypsum or anhydrite substrates using traditional cement-based adhesives raises the risk of debonding given the potential material expansion.

The innovative H40® Eco Ideal technology was the first to be subjected to the chemical attack test-system in order to guarantee high resistance to sulphates when laying porce-lain tiles, natural stone and all types of ceramic tiles with-out a primer on gypsum and anhydrite substrates.

The SAS Technology perfected a dual test-system for H40® Eco Ideal to check resistance to prolonged and repeated cycles of sulphate attack. In the first part, the adhesive test samples undergo alternating cycles of repeated immersion in a sulphate solution and periods of hygrometric shrinkage created through exposure to air in a climatic chamber.

ANSTETT SAMpLETest-system code CH 02- MK 255 method/Anstett sample

This is the toughest test. This test-system, normally used for binders, magnifies the potential expansion that sulphate attack can provoke. 2 parts of hardened adhesive are ground and mixed directly with 1 part gypsum and water until a round pellet forms. This pellet is placed on a ceramic biscuit base in constant contact with water for a period of 28 days.

Shock Absorbing SystemFinal TestsSAS Technology - FINAL TESTS Test-system code VF 01- MK 259/EN 1348-8.2/ANSI A118.1/EN 12002 CSTB method

On completion of the strain test-systems, the test samples on a concrete substrate and the overlaid bonded porcelain tile samples are both subjected to tensile and compression shear stress until the tiles debond, while the thin adhesive layers are transversally deformed through compression un-til they yield.

In addition to recording extremely high absolute values, well above those requested in applicable regulations for the highest performing cement-based adhesives, the final SAS Technology suitability tests that the H40® Eco range of products undergoes also guarantee safety and durabil-ity levels that are superior to any other single-component adhesive.

A huge success for our researchers. A victory for you.

TENSILE STRESS

COMpRESSION SHEAR TEST

TRANSVERSAL DEFORMATION

Shock Absorbing SystemStrain cycles on timber substratesSAS Technology - MECHANICAL STRAIN CYCLES

Laying on timber substrates using traditional cement-based adhesives is particularly critical. The tiles are made of extremely rigid material, whereas the timber is a material subject to deformation under applied loads and according to the humidity of the environment.

The innovative single-component H40® Eco Rapidflex tech-nology was the first to be subjected to flexibility, adhesion and compression test-systems that simulate the actual working conditions of the bonded system, in order to guar-antee high resistance when laying porcelain tiles, natural stone and all formats and types of ceramic tiles without a primer on timber substrates.

CONCENTRATED COMpRESSIONTest-system code LP 01 - MK267 method

The test samples are made using WBP plywood in accord-ance with BS-EN 313-2 and ISO 13007-2:2010 as a substrate onto which the porcelain tiles are bonded directly. These test samples are subjected to mechanical strain tests us-ing a test-system in which the concentrated compression is controlled dynamically, so as to subject the test samples of adhesive to compression strain cycles in which both the stress value and frequency are controlled.

CONTROLLED TENSILE STRESSTest-system code LA 02 - MK 241/EN 1348-8.2 method

Immediately after the compression strain cycles, the same test samples are then subjected to mechanical strain us-ing a test-system in which the tensile stress is controlled dynamically. By means of highly receptive sensors, this system can develop controlled tensile strain cycles on the adhesive test samples in terms of both the values set and the frequency of the stress applied in this case too.

SHEAR STRENGTHTest-system code LC 03 - MK 224/ CSTB method

The deformation caused by applied loads and the vibration caused by foot traffic on timber substrates result in shear stress at the contact surface between tile and adhesive and that between adhesive and substrate. The test sam-ples are made using the same type of substrate used for tensile and compression tests, and applying the porcelain tiles directly without using a primer. After curing, the test samples are subjected to shear compression cycles with an exclusive test-system that uses the strict criteria dic-tated by CSTB for concrete, so as to reproduce the hardest working conditions for the bonded system.

FLExuRAL STRENGTH OF THE SYSTEMTest-system code LF 04 - MK 268 method

This is the hardest test. Subjecting the entire bonded sys-tem to compression, tensile and shear testing in a single strain test is the latest goal achieved, thanks to the sophis-ticated machinery in the Kerakoll® GreenLab. The engi-neers at the R&D centre first perfected an exclusive test in which the entire laid system undergoes flexure, with a test-system that subjects the test sample to flexural strain cycles while automatically checking the load applied and the level of deformation caused.

Shock Absorbing SystemFinal tests

TENSILE STRESS

CONCENTRATED COMpRESSION

SAS Technology - FINAL TESTS

On completion of the strain test-systems, the test samples on a timber substrate are subjected to tensile and shear stress until the tiles debond. The test samples simulating the entire laying system are subjected to flexural stress un-til they break. In addition to recording extremely high absolute values,

well above those requested in applicable regulations for the highest performing cement-based adhesives, the final SAS Technology suitability tests that the H40® Eco range of products undergoes also guarantee safety and durabil-ity levels that are superior to any other single-component adhesive.

Test-system code VF 02- MK 265/ EN 1348-8.2/ CSTB method

Another huge success for our researchers. A victory for you.

COMpRESSION SHEAR ON TIMbER

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H40® ECO RANGE WITH SAS TECHNOLOGY

KERAKOLL UK Ltd.Unit 4, The Croft, Buntsford Gate Business Park - Bromsgrove,

Worcestershire B60 4JE, United KingdomTel +44 01527 578000 Fax +44 01527 578170

e-mail: info@kerakoll.co.uk www.kerakoll.com