h2 storage mfg presentation rambach-8 11-2011 v7 general
TRANSCRIPT
Hydrogen Storage Technologies
Long-term commercialization approach
with first products first
Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technologies
Manufacturing R&D Workshop Washington, DC
Glenn Rambach August 11, 2011
Objective
• Perspective from providers of small, portable PEM fuel cell
power systems
• Relationship between successes in small fuel cell system
markets and the enhancement of future, more challenging
markets for larger systems.
• How this can be aided by DOE supported R&D in hydrogen
storage systems, combined with the market-driven maturation of
system components.
First-markets-first premise
• Hydrogen will be a key element in a long-term, secure, sustainable
energy economy.
• Small fuel cell systems can accelerate the commercialization of
component technologies that will be needed for automotive and
larger applications.
• Early revenue from selling products with 1cm2, 100 cm2, 1000cm2
of MEAs and bipolar plates will necessarily improve component
performance, cost and service life, in turn benefiting future
automotive and larger applications requiring 200,000cm2 each.
• Energy supply is critical to success of small fuel cell systems, and
as such any improvement in hydrogen storage technologies can
have a corresponding increase in market growth for the systems.
Early markets and startup companies
need to find lowest resistance paths to
profitability.
Lowering the difficulty in providing new
fuel cell products helps in defining early
products and applications.
Paths of least
Potential market area for fuel cells (or
other power plants).
Defined by peak power vs. cost per unit
power capacity (W vs. $/kW) for typical
applications currently satisfied by legacy
technologies.
Auto Transit
bus
2-cycle scooter Portable
generator
Wheelchair
Fork lift
Telecom backup
Strategic portable
Educational device
Retail A
Le
ss
dif
fic
ult
Less difficult
(sm
aller
un
its)
(cost tolerant market)
Auto Transit
bus
2-cycle scooter Portable
generator
Wheelchair
Fork lift
Telecom backup
Strategic portable
Educational device
Retail A
Range of all application sizes
and specific costs that can be
commercially satisfied with fuel
cells and hydrogen. Many
applications omitted for clarity.
Less d
iffi
cu
lt
Less difficult
(sm
aller
un
its)
(cost tolerant market)
Less difficult (cost tolerant market)
Power vs. cost per unit power helps
show the market space for fuel cell
power plants.
Propane in generator
Gas/diesel in generator
BA55 series batteries
AA battery
Power vs. cost per unit power helps
show the market space for fuel cell
power plants.
Energy vs. cost per unit energy can help
show the potential market space for
hydrogen storage/delivery systems.
BA55 series batteries
AA battery
Auto – energy at wheels $2.50 - $5.00/gal at pump 10 – 25 gal tank 2:1 efficiency ratio, FC:ICE
Less d
iffi
cu
lt (
sm
aller
un
its)
Less difficult (cost tolerant market)
Propane in generator
Gas/diesel in generator
Auto
Strategic portable
BA55 series batteries
AA battery
Strategic portable
Propane in generator
Gas/diesel in generator
Auto
Develop and commercialize
high-cost/low-power hydrogen
fuel cell systems early.
BA55 series batteries
AA battery
Strategic portable
Move up market by combining
commercial maturation with
government-funded development
Propane in generator
Gas/diesel in generator
Auto
Develop and commercialize
high-cost/low-power hydrogen
fuel cell systems early.
BA55 series batteries
AA battery
DOE R&D can help industry by
enabling new technology
choices and improving on
hydrogen sources for current,
revenue producing products. DOE R&D can develop technologies
that compete in the very challenging
areas of cost, density, service life,
codes and standards, temperature,
infrastructure, etc.
Auto
BA55 series batteries
AA battery
For applications below, there are
hydrogen storage technologies
with energy density, specific
energy, cost and availability good
enough for early markets. Auto
DOE R&D can help industry by
enabling new technology
choices and improving on
hydrogen sources for current,
revenue producing products. DOE R&D can develop technologies
that compete in the very challenging
areas of cost, density, service life,
codes and standards, temperature,
infrastructure, etc.
Propane in generator
Gas/diesel in generator
BA55 series batteries
Les
s d
iffi
cu
lt (
sm
aller
un
its)
Less difficult (cost tolerant market)
Strategic portable
Auto
Energy quantity and cost per kWh of electricity from:
• Generator – 20-25% efficient, $2.50 to $5.00/gallon
• Battery wholesale prices
• fuel cell system – 45% efficient, mfg cost + margin
AA battery
Auto
Strategic portable
Propane in generator
Gas/diesel in generator
BA55 series batteries
AA battery
Hydrogen mass and cost per kg to replace legacy uses:
• Generator – 20-25% efficient, $2.50 to $5.00/gallon
• Battery wholesale prices
• fuel cell system – 45% efficient, mfg cost + margin
Hydrogen storage that’s good enough for commercialization For small fuel cell systems
• Properties good enough
for commercial sales,
given the right market.
• Early revenue
• Packageable
• Supply chain
• Engineerable cartridge!
• Improveable
• Solid chemical hydride
• New, better technology
can expand market Chemical
hydride
DOE support needed for small fuel cell systems and hydrogen storage
• Resource SME and data bank for industry access to most
current and relevant C&S, safety practices, safety
technologies.
• Accelerate the availability of cost effective hydrogen safety
components.