H. Hector prepares for his last day1. He knows he’s going to die2. Goes up to the walls of Troy, where the Trojans watch the war, to see his wife and baby son, Astyanax3. Baby is afraid of his armor and cries; Hector removes his helmet and says

farewell4. Tenderest moment in the Iliad

I. Greeks lose ground1. Hector drives the Greeks back2. Greeks need Achilles

a. Agamemnone offers to return Briseisb. Achilles remains proud and stubborn; nothing will

induce him to return3. Hera borrows Aphrodite’s girdle and “distracts” Zeus, giving Greeks a chance4. Zeus figures it out and comes back for Troy5. Achilles’s best friend Patroclus takes Achilles’s armor, goes into battle

a. Trojans think he’s Achilles and are intimidatedb. Hector kills Patroclusc. Achilles flips out

The Death of Patroclus

Achilles and Hector Say Good-bye

J. Achilles v. Hector1. Achilles gets new armor from Thetis—magical, that can’t be pierced2. Hector wears the armor he took from Patroclus’s body3. Hector waits for Achilles, sees him coming, radiant and godlike, and starts running4. Hector can’t quite outrun Achilles, but Achilles can’t catch him, either5. Fate isn’t with Hectora. Apollo has been helping Hector, something Zeus has approvedb. Athena warns Zeus to back off, as fate is against Hectorc. Apollo must leave Hector’s side6. Hector finally stops to fight, fooled by Athena, who takes the form of a brother and promises to help him fight Achilles7. Hector suddenly finds himself alone, facing Achilles, who is helped by Athena8. Achilles aims his spear at an opening in the throat of Hector’s armor, kills him

Hector’s Last Stand

Achilles Slays Hector

K. Achilles breaks the rules—big ones1.Hector, dying, asks that his body be returned to his parents; Achilles refuses2. Achilles ties Hector’s body (by the ankles)

to his chariot & drags it around Troy3.Most gods are massively displeased: you never, EVER violate the dead4. Priam goes to Achilles with treasure to beg for his son’s body5. Achilles is touched, has the body bathed & covered, and returns it6. Nine days truce for funeral rites

The Desecration of Hector

Desecrating Hector’s Body

Priam Begs for His Son

IV. The Fall of TroyA. Achilles’s last battle

1. kills Memnon of Ethiopia (he was helping Troy with an army)2. drives Trojans back to the city walls3. Paris shoots Achilles in that vulnerable heel—kills him (his bones are laid with those of Patroclus)

B. The death of Ajax1. Two heroes are nominated to receive the arms of Achilles: Ajax and Odysseus2. In a secret vote, Odysseus wins—it’s a huge honor3. Ajax feels disgraced, plans to kill Agamemnon & Menelaus—he blames them for turning the vote against him (he’s right)

4. Ajax pursues them by night; Athena strikes him mad—he thinks a flock of sheep are the Greeks; thinks a ram is Odysseus & beats it up

5. On regaining his senses, he’s humiliated and kills himself

The Deaths of Achilles, Ajax

C. The arms of Hercules 1. Greeks are discouraged and grab a prophet, Helenus

a. Greeks can’t win unless they kill Parisb. Only the bow and arrows of Hercules can kill Paris

2. Philoctetes has them (and he’s NOT a satyr who coached Hercules)a. Philoctetes was with the Greeks on the way to Troyb. On an island, he was bitten by a serpent and the wound would not healc. The Greeks left him there3. Odysseus goes for the weaponsa. First, he steals themb. Guilt: he gets Philoctetes, takes him to Troy and a Greek doctor4. Healed, Philoctetes joins the battle, kills Paris with Hercules’s arrows

D. Greeks have to steal the Palladium (sacred image of Athena) in order to win—Odysseus is their man

Back to Pick Up Stinky Phil

Philoctetes Sings “All By Myself”

E. The Trojan Horse1. Greeks have to get into Troy to win2. Odysseus thinks up the Trojan horsea. hollow, big enough to hold a number of menb. chieftains are afraid, except Neoptolemus, son of Achilles, but they agree3. Remaining Greeks pretend to sail away, but hide behind an islanda. one man, Sinon, left on the beachb. primed with a story to get the horse in the city4. Trojans are thrilled at Greek departure, rush to the beach and see Sinona. He cries, renounces his Greekhoodb. He says Athena was angry over the Palladium & demanded a sacrificec. Sinon was the sacrifice, but he escaped and hidd. The horse is an offering to Athena, & it’s big so the Trojans can’t take it ine. The Trojans fall for it5. Warning! Warning!a. Cassandra says not to take it in—no one believes herb. Laocoon, a priest, says burn it—Poseidon sends 2 serpents to crush Laocoon and his sons

F. Sigh . . .1. The Trojans take the horse into the city2. At night, soldiers sneak out and let the whole Greek army into the city3. Troy is burning before the Trojans are even dressed4. Trojans fight hard: they tear up roofs & throw beams on Greeks; put on

dead Greeks’ armor to trap more Greeks5. The Greeks win

How to Trick a Trojan

The Trojan Horse and the Trojan Morons

Laocoon

V. Where Are They Now?

A. Priam: was spared by Achilles, but Neoptolemus kills himB. Hecuba: taken into slaveryC. Polyxena (Trojan princess): killed on Achilles’s graveD. Aeneas

1. fights Greeks as long as possible2. escapes Troy (with mom Aphrodite’s help), saving his father & son, but not his wife3. his adventures form the Roman epic, Virgil’s Aeneid, which gave Rome a cool history

E. Helen1. Aphrodite helps her out of the city2. She goes back to Menelaus, and they live happily ever after

F. Andromache1. a captive, to be a slave to a Greek warrior2. hopes to keep her baby, but that’s not how it’s done3. messenger arrives, advises her to be brave and not to blame him4. baby is taken and thrown from the walls of the city, like all the other babies

G. Cassandra1. Agamemnon’s captive, she returns to Mycenae with him2. She warns Agamemnon of impending doom, but is, of course, ignored3. Clytemnestra is waiting (with a lover, Aegisthus) and murders Agamemnon and his

little hussy, too!

A Tale of Two Women