gy 112l: earth history lab - university of south alabama · gy 112l: earth history lab week 11...
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GY 112L: Earth History Lab
Week 11 Paleozoic Part 2
Instructor: Dr. Douglas W. Haywick
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH ALABAMA
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Today’s Agenda
The Paleozoic Part 2 (Lab 8 exercises)
1) Sponges & Stromatoporoids 2) Stromatolites 3) Corals 4) Bryozoans 5) Stratigraphy
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Sponges
Sponge Facts:
Taxonomy: Phylum: Porifera
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Sponges
Sponge Facts:
Taxonomy: Phylum: Porifera Range: Cambrian-Recent
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Sponges
Sponge Facts:
Taxonomy: Phylum: Porifera Range: Cambrian-Recent Mode of Life: Marine, benthic, filter feeder
incurrent pore
excurrent pore
excurrent pore
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Sponges
Sponge Facts:
Taxonomy: Phylum: Porifera Range: Cambrian-Recent Mode of Life: Marine, benthic, filter feeder Mineral composition: spongin with spicules or calcite (calcisponges)
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Sponges
Sponge Facts:
Taxonomy: Phylum: Porifera Range: Cambrian-Recent Mode of Life: Marine, benthic, filter feeder Mineral composition: spongin with spicules or calcite (calcisponges) Fossil Pres.: mineral replacement or pristine
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Stromatoporoids
Now known to be a type of sponge. They were important paleozoic reef builders
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Stromatoporoids
Stromatoporoid Facts:
Taxonomy: Phylum: Porifera Range: Ordovician-Mississippian Cretaceous? Mode of Life: Marine, benthic, filter feeder Mineral composition: calcite Fossil Pres.: pristine
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Stromatolites
The first “visible” fossils
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Stromatolites
Stromatolite Facts:
Taxonomy: Kingdom: Cyanobacteria Range: Archean-Recent Mode of Life: Marine, benthic, colonial, photosynthesis Mineral composition: calcite Fossil Pres.: pristine
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Corals
One of the most important animals as far as geology is concerned. They evolved early and showed amazing diversity
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Corals
Coral Facts:
Taxonomy: Phylum: Cnidaria
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Corals
Coral Facts:
Taxonomy: Phylum: Cnidaria Class: Anthozoa
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Corals
Coral Facts:
Taxonomy: Phylum: Cnidaria Class: Anthozoa Subclass: Rugosa Tabulata Scleractinia
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Corals
Coral Facts:
Taxonomy: Phylum: Cnidaria Class: Anthozoa Subclass: Rugosa Tabulata Scleractinia Range: Rugosa (Cambrian-P/T)
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Corals
Coral Facts:
Taxonomy: Phylum: Cnidaria Class: Anthozoa Subclass: Rugosa Tabulata Scleractinia Range: Rugosa (Cambrian-P/T) Tabulata (Ordovician-P/T)
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Corals
Coral Facts:
Taxonomy: Phylum: Cnidaria Class: Anthozoa Subclass: Rugosa Tabulata Scleractinia Range: Rugosa (Cambrian-P/T) Tabulata (Ordovician-P/T) Scleractinia (Triassic-Recent)
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Corals
Coral Facts:
Taxonomy: Phylum: Cnidaria Class: Anthozoa Subclass: Rugosa Tabulata Scleractinia Range: Rugosa (Cambrian-P/T) Tabulata (Ordovician-P/T) Scleractinia (Triassic-Recent) Mode of Life: Marine, benthic, filter feeder, colonial or solitary (stinging cells)
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Corals
Coral Facts:
Taxonomy: Phylum: Cnidaria Class: Anthozoa Subclass: Rugosa Tabulata Scleractinia Range: Rugosa (Cambrian-P/T) Tabulata (Ordovician-P/T) Scleractinia (Triassic-Recent) Mode of Life: Marine, benthic, filter feeder, colonial or solitary (stinging cells) Mineral composition: calcite or aragonite
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Corals
Coral Facts:
Taxonomy: Phylum: Cnidaria Class: Anthozoa Subclass: Rugosa Tabulata Scleractinia Range: Rugosa (Cambrian-P/T) Tabulata (Ordovician-P/T) Scleractinia (Triassic-Recent) Mode of Life: Marine, benthic, filter feeder, colonial or solitary (stinging cells) Mineral composition: calcite or aragonite Fossil Pres.: pristine, molds/chalky/replaced
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Bryozoans (Moss Animals)
Bryozoan Facts:
Taxonomy: Phylum: Bryozoa (old) Phyla: Entoprocta, Ectoprocta (new)
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Bryozoans
Bryozoan Facts:
Taxonomy: Phylum: Bryozoa (old) Phyla: Entoprocta, Ectoprocta (new) Range: Ordovician-Recent
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Bryozoans
Bryozoan Facts:
Taxonomy: Phylum: Bryozoa (old) Phyla: Entoprocta, Ectoprocta (new) Range: Ordovician-Recent Mode of Life: Marine, benthic, filter feeder, colonial
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Bryozoans
Bryozoan Facts:
Taxonomy: Phylum: Bryozoa (old) Phyla: Entoprocta, Ectoprocta (new) Range: Ordovician-Recent Mode of Life: Marine, benthic, filter feeder, colonial Mineral composition: calcite and aragonite
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Bryozoans
Bryozoan Facts:
Taxonomy: Phylum: Bryozoa (old) Phyla: Entoprocta, Ectoprocta (new) Range: Ordovician-Recent Mode of Life: Marine, benthic, filter feeder, colonial Mineral composition: calcite and aragonite Fossil Pres.: pristine
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Bryozoan Anatomy
The living chambers are called zooecia
The animals are called zooids
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Stratigraphy and Rock Suites
Collections of rocks from a specific region that cover a specific time frame
1) Niagara Falls (limestone and dolostone)
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Stratigraphy and Rock Suites Why a waterfall and not a set of rapids? Consider the stratigraphy. 1) Niagara Falls
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Stratigraphy and Rock Suites
Rate of retreat
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Lab Time
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GY 112L: Earth History
Lab 8: Paleozoic Rocks and Fossils 2
Instructor: Dr. Doug Haywick [email protected]
This is a free open access lecture, but not for commercial purposes. For personal use only.