gunfire location and surveillance system luis salazar …€¦ · · 2014-04-28gunfire location...
TRANSCRIPT
Gunfire Location And Surveillance SystemGroup 3
Denis Alvarado BSCpE Zayd Babamir BSEELuis Salazar BSCpE Christian Kon BSEE
EEL 4915 Senior Design ll
1
Goals and Objectives Overview● Listen and detect gunshots● Automatically send alerts● Calculate the direction from which a
gunshot was fired. ● Display location and detection data in a
useful manner.● Self sustaining system after installation
2
Project Requirements● General direction of sound location: N, S, E, W● Able to locate target within 200 meters● Final product should cost less than $800● Weight: < 5 lb ● Dimensions: 0.1 m x 0.1 m x 0.1 m ● Less than 20 minutes to setup● Able to distinguish gunshots from other sounds
4
Feature Hardware Specifications
Processor MCIMX6D5EYM10AC ARM Cortex A9 Dual Core, 1.0 GHz, 256k x 8 RAM size
Memory 1.0 Gb of DDR3 RAM at 1.5 V, 1333 MHz operating speed, 8 bit prefetch buffer.
Bluetooth ENW-89841A3KF 2178 kbps Data Rate, -93 dBm Receiver Sensitivity, 1.7- 4.8 V Operating Voltage I2C, PCM, UART Interfaces
GPS A2200-A 1.575 GHz, 48 Channels, -148 dBm Sensitivity, I2C or UART Interface.
FPGA XC3S100E-4VQG100C 100K Gates, 66 I/O lines, 72K block RAM, 100 pin
DPSRAM CY7C026A 16Kb x 16 Organization, 20ns Speed, 256 Kb Density, 4.5-5.5 V Operating Voltage.
Microphones SPM1437HM4H-B 100 Hz-10 KHz Frequency Range, -22 db ±3 dB @ 94 dB Sensitivity, 61.5 dB Signal to Noise Ratio, 1.0-3.25 MHz Sample Frequency
Battery Backup CyberPower LCD 340 W, 600 VA, 7Ah Uninterrupted Power Supply
Solar Panel Instapark 30 W, 17.5 V Max Voltage, 1.68 A Max Current, 21.95 V Open Circuit Voltage
ADC ADC1210S065HN/C1:5, 12 bit resolution, 2 V input Voltage, SPI or Parallel data interface, 13.5 clock cycle latency, 65 Msps sampling rate.
Amplifier TL084CD, 3 MHz Unity Gain, 200 V/mV Amplification
Microphone Array● Consists of four analog
JFET microphones● With this arrangement
the planar coordinatesand azimuth of gunfiresource can be found
12
Wavelet transform ● Provides a method for encoding, denoising, and
producing a down sampled approximation of the signal
● Lowest level approximation can be used to reduce the data to process
● High frequency noise is reduced by encoding low amplidudes to zero
10
A2D Maxim MAX 11060GUU● 16 bit 4 channel Analog to Digital converter● Selecting this part was a lengthy process as the calculations for
what sampling rate was required for the project changed.Cost $14.40
Maximum Sample Rate 3.07 mega samples per second
Input Mode(s) Differentially driven or single ended
Data Interface Serial (SPI, QSPI, MICROWIRE)
Package Area 6.4x9.7 mm^2
Number of Pins 38
Operating Voltage 3.3 V
SNR at Fin = 62.5 Hz 94.5 dB
ADC Latency 405 uS at Fs = 3.07 MHz
17
FPGA Xilinx Spartan 3A● XC3S200A-4FTG256C● Spartan 3A series: I/O optimized● Will be utilizing a minimum of 82 I/O lines● Connected to analog to digital converter with SPI● Captures serial bit output of analog to digital converter, applies the
wavelet transform, encodes the bits, and stores it to system Dual Port SRAM.
18
Spartan 3A Specifications
Number of Gates 200k
Number of user I/O Lines 195
Block RAM (18 Kbit units) 288K
Supply Voltage 1.2 V
Number of Pins 256
Area 17x17 mm^2
19
Processing Hardware Specifications
Component Specification Purpose
ARM Cortex A9 CPU Dual Core 1.0 GHz Main Processing Unit
DDR3 DRAM 1066 Mhz 1 Gb Module Main RAM Unit
DPSRAM QTY 4: 16Kb x 16 Audio Buffering
PV Panel 30W Mono-crystalline Backup Power Generation
UPS Battery Backup 17Ah @ 1500VA Backup Power Storage
22
Processor Choices
Series ARM®, Cortex™A8ARM®, Cortex™A8
ARM® Cortex™ A9
ARM® Cortex™ A9
Speed 720MHz 1.0GHz 1.0GHz 1.0GHz
Cores Single Core 32 bitSingle Core 32 bit
Dual-Core 32 bit
Quad-Core 32 bit
RAM Size 64k x 8 64k x 8 256k x 8 256k x 8
Cost 39.6 43.75 48.37 60.44
23
Memory● DDR3 SDRAM
○ Utilized directly by the ARM® Cortex™A9 processor for calculations, operating system resources, and GLASS software resources .
● DPSRAM (Dual-port Static RAM)○ Provides stable buffering for signal processing
while allowing the CPU to read the data while it is still being written.
24
GPS● Used to determine the time and relative location of a
gunshot through the data from the audio signals.
● The CPU interfaces with the GPS via UART port.
● Since GLASS only needs to access the GPS timestamp once per gunshot as well as the when GLASS is first initialized.
25
SD Card ● GLASS utilizes an SD card for removable data storage
and to store the operating system.
● The removability of the SD card allows for ability to program the GLASS software on another device for ease of use.
26
Gunshot Location● Drawing Distance vectors to the sound source, we
relate the vector from each microphone as:
29
Gun Fire Determination● Adaptive Boosting Generates optimal “experts” for
determining if a sound is a gunshot.
● Second set of “experts” differentiating between weapon types.
● Once this process is completed, signals can be convolved with the best ones.
30
Wireless Communication● Bluetooth for Communication with the Android device
● On receipt of a message, the Android device updates a map with the location of the sound event and a information regarding its source.
● GPS module for getting the time of a sound event event
31
Gunshot Sound Detection Methods ● Peak Detection with Thresholding determines when the
recording of the Audio begins● A counter is used to determine the delay of the peak
between each microphone● The FPGA stores a wavelet Transformed decomposition
of a fixed number of samples ● Data is encoded and written to the memory● A fixed location in memory holds the address to this
data
7
Peak Detection● Determined by:
if (Mag(n)-Mag(n-1))/2<(Mag(n)-Mag(n-2))/3 && (Mag(n)+Mag(n-1)+Mag(n-2))/3 > threshold
● Once this is true a write flag remains true until a 16 bit counter counts loops back to zero.
● The first Signal to find a peak is then written to Memory
8
Power Module Specifications
Component Specification Purpose
Goliath PV Panel 40W Monocrystalline Backup Power Generation
CP UPS Battery Backup 17Ah @ 1500VA Backup Power Storage
Intersil ICL7673 Vin: 2.05V-15VInput Trip: 50mV
Automatic Battery Back-Up Switch
33
PV PanelSpecifications
Rated Maximum Power 40W
Current at Pmax 2.22A
Open-Circuit Voltage 21.8V
Short-Circuit Current 2.45A
Weight 4Kg
Dimensions 23.3 x 19.5 x 1.2 in
● This panel was chosen because its voltage and current output levels were high enough to charge the back-up battery under 8 hours.
34
● CyberPower UPS specs were given in 12V. Table displays 12V → 5V calculations.
● Runtime based on if GLASS runs at maximum load which most times it will be in low power mode.
UPS Battery Back-UpGLASS Real Power (W) 13.0775
Power Factor 0.9
GLASS Apparent Power (VA) 14.5306
GLASS Amps at 5 V (A) 2.9061
CyberPower Cell Ah at 12 V 8.5
CyberPower Cell Number 2
CyberPower Total Ah at 12 V 17
CyberPower Wh at 12 V 204
CyberPower Ah at 5 V 40.8
GLASS Runtime on CyberPower Battery at 5 V (hours) 14.0394
35
Power Software● The software is written to keep GLASS in idle mode
until audio sampling occurs, therefore conserving power.
● Processor takes periodic captures of the state of the Power supply
● When the Android app requests information, these snapshots are sent sent to the Android device
36
BudgetPart Description Part Number Distributor Qty Price TotalMain ARM CPU A9 MCIMX6D5EYM10AC Digi-key 1 39.9 39.9DPSRAM CY7C026A Digi-key 4 36.80 147.20Memory MT41J128M8JP-15E:G TR Digi-key 2 4.26 8.52Power Supply 285-1417-ND Digi-key 1 18.18 18.18Custom CB N/A PCBFabExpress.com 1 100 100USB Port 2040451-1 Digi-key 2 1.16 2.32USB Flash Drive DT101G2/8GBZET Amazon 1 5.98 5.98Network Adapter E261-5026 Tiger Direct 1 14.99 14.99PV Panel Goliath 40W Amazon 1 84.50 84.50Battery CP1500AVRLCD Amazon 1 159.99 159.99Microphone CMA-4544PF-W Digi-key 10 0.746 7.46Audio Wiring MPC-35-2XRCA-25 Mediabridge 1 11.99 11.99Power Wiring YYPT-POWAKIT8 Tiger Direct 1 17.21 17.21Basys 2 Spartan-3E FPGA Board Xilinx Spartan 3E FPGA, -250 die Diligent 1 69.00 69.002:1 Mux SN74AUP1T158DCKR Digi-key 2 .40 .80Temp sensor LM94022BIMGX/NOPB Digi-key 1 1.14 1.14GPS A2235-H Mouser 1 14.42 14.42Bluetooth PAN1721 Digi-key 1 15.01 15.01MicroSD card 16 GB DV7834 Amazon 1 6.19 6.19
Total: 724.80 37
Issues● Peak detection may require use of smoothing
depending of the noise in the system● Generating the “experts” for gunshot determination will
require a large database of real world sounds● Programming is more complex than anticipated● The nature of the audio data samples requires a large
quantity of individual components within the hardware design to process the data accurately. (e.g. Mics→A2D→DPSRAM→FPGA→CPU)
● Find some parts in the PCB software to complete theschematic is complex
40