guidelines)for) specifying,)designing,) and) · pdf fileguidelines)for)...

Guidelines)for)

Specifying,)Designing,)

and)Building)with)

Structural)Wood)Beams)

and)Mass)Timber)

Archie'Landreman'September'30,'2015'CONSTRUCT''St.'Louis,'MO'

“The'Wood'Products'Council”'is'a'Registered'Provider'with'The'American'InsKtute'of'Architects'ConKnuing'EducaKon'Systems'(AIA/CES),'Provider'#G516.''!Credit(s)'earned'on'compleKon'of'this'course'will'be'reported'to'AIA'CES'for'AIA'members.'CerKficates'of'CompleKon'for'both'AIA'members'and'nonVAIA'members'are'available'upon'request.'''

This'course'is'registered'with'AIA'CES'for'conKnuing'professional'educaKon.'As'such,'it'does'not'include'content'that'may'be'deemed'or'construed'to'be'an'approval'or'endorsement'by'the'AIA'of'any'material'of'construcKon'or'any'method'or'manner'of'handling,'using,'distribuKng,'or'dealing'in'any'material'or'product.'________________________________ QuesKons'related'to'specific'materials,'methods,'and'services'will'be'addressed'at'the'conclusion'of'this'presentaKon.'''

Course)Descrip?on)

This'presentaKon'will'provide'a'detailed'look'at'structural'wood'beams'and'mass'Kmber'including:'dimensional'lumber'beams,'heavy'Kmber,'glued'laminated'beams'and'columns'(GLULAM),'structural'composite'lumber,'metal'plate'connected'wood'trusses'and'mass'Kmber.''Proper'use'of'structural'wood'beams'and'mass'Kmber'will'be'described'with'examples'of'field'applicaKons'and'installaKon.'Discussion'will'be'provided'concerning'proper'and'improper'use'of'structural'wood'beams'and'mass'Kmber.'

Learning)Objec?ves)

1.  Acquire'a'working'knowledge'of'Structural'Wood'Beams'and'Mass'Timber.'

2.  Choose'between'various'Wood'Beams'and'Structural'Wood'Products.'

3.  Design'with'Wood'Beams,'and'Mass'Timber.'4.  Highlight'field'installaKons'of'Structural'Wood'Beams'

and'Mass'Timber'and'how'to'idenKfy'incorrect'installaKon'and'potenKal'problems.'

Outline)

•  Framing'Layout'ConsideraKons'•  Framing'Member'OpKons'•  Panel'OpKons'•  Mass'Timber'

Framing:)Layout,)Spacings,)Spans)

Less'Ideal'Layout'•  Unequal'Spans'•  Unequal'Spacings'

Framing:)Layout,)Spacings,)Spans)

Ideal'Layout'•  Equal'Spans'•  Equal'Spacings'•  Avoid'SKffVSob'Areas'•  RepeKKon'•  Efficiency'

Load)Path)Con?nuity)

•  Structural'loads'(gravity'and'lateral)'must'follow'a'conKnuous'load'path'from'roof'to'foundaKon'

•  In'mulKVstory'construcKon,'to'work'around'building'features,'may'require'numerous'load'path'“steps”'in'lieu'of'a'single'verKcal'load'path'

'

Load)Path)Con?nuity:)Results)&)Impacts)

Library'Square,'BriKsh'Columbia,'Canada'JM'Architects'

Wood'Cube'Apartments'Photo:'IBA'Hamburg'

•  In'many'situaKons,'general'building'layout'is'complete'before'structural'design'begins'

•  Understanding'impacts'of'wall,'column,'opening'layout'on'structural'system'efficiency'will'aid'in'providing'more'cost'effecKve'soluKons'

'

Concentrated'post'load''

Load)Path)Con?nuity:)Wall)Loads)

Rim'joist'transfers'uniform'bearing'wall'loads''

Uniform'wall'load''

Squash'blocks'in'combinaKon'with'rim'joist'transfer'concentrated'post'loads''

Blocking'prevents'joist'rotaKon'and'transfers'upper'wall'loads''

Uniform'wall'load''

Gravity)Load)Path)Con?nuity:)Wall)Eleva?on)

Header''

Header''

Header'distributes'uniform'and'

concentrated'loads'from'above'as'

concentrated'loads'to'wall'below'

Upper'wall'studs'align'with'

floor'joists'which'align'

with'lower'wall'studs'

Squash'blocks'under'concentrated'load'

Studs'and'posts'in'lower'wall'transfer'loads'to'foundaKon'

Lateral)Load)Path)Con?nuity:)Wall)Eleva?on)

Shear'Wall''

Shear'Wall''

Header''

Header''

Header'distributes'upper'shear'wall'

end'post'concentrated'load'

to'wall'below'Header'also'

distributes'upper'shear'wall'shear'to'

wall'below''

Posts'in'lower'wall'transfer'

upper'wall'end'post'

concentrated'loads'to'

foundaKon''

Wall'plates'act'as'drag'struts'to'transfer'shear'loads'from'upper'wall'to'lower'wall'

Spanning)Members:)Localized)Stress)

Moment)cri?cal)zones:'locaKons'of'maximum'localized'bending'stresses'which'should'not'be'affected'with'holes'and'notches'Shear:'locaKons'of'maximum'localized'shear'stresses'which'should'not'be'affected'with'holes'and'notches'

Moment'CriKcal'Zone'

Moment'CriKcal'Zone'

Shear'CriKcal'Zone'

L''

d/4''

d/4''

d/2''

L/2''

L/8''

L/8''

L/8''

L/8''

Generally'acceptable'locaKons'of'holes/notches'

Shear'CriKcal'Zone'

Allowable)Floor)Holes)&)Notches)–)IBC)2308)

D/4'max'notch'depth'at'ends'

No'notches'permijed'in'middle'1/3'of'span'

D/3'max'

D'

2”'min'from'top'and'bojom'of'joist''

Outer'1/3'of'span'

D/6'max'

D/6'max'

D/3'='max'length'

Per'IBC'2308.8.2'

Outer'1/3'of'span'

Allowable)Floor)Holes)&)Notches)–)IBC)2308)

Allowable)Notches)&)Holes)in)Solid)Sawn)Floor)Joists)–)IBC)2308.8.2)

Joist'Size' Max'Hole' Max'Notch'Depth' Max'End'Notch'

2x6' 1V3/4”' 7/8”' 1V3/8”'

2x8' 2V3/8”' 1V1/8”' 1V7/8”'

2x10' 3”' 1V1/2”' 2V1/4”'

2x12' 3V3/4”' 1V7/8”' 2V7/8’'

Allowable)Wall)Holes)&)Notches)–)IBC)2308)

D''

Per'IBC'2308.9.10'&'2308.9.11'

NonVbearing'wall' Exterior'or'bearing'wall'

0.60'D'

max'

5/8”'min'each'side'

0.40'D'max'

D''

0.40'D'

max'

5/8”'min'each'side'

0.25'D'max'

•  Senior)Living)•  Apartments/Condos)

•  Mixed)Use)

•  Student)Housing)•  Affordable)Housing)•  Hotels)

Where)Wood)is)a)viable)op?on,)it’s)likely)

the)most)appropriate)choice.)

'

Allowable)Wall)Holes)&)Notches)–)IBC)2308)

Allowable)Notches)&)Holes)in)Solid)Sawn)Wall)Studs))

IBC)2308.9.10)&)2308.9.11)

Stud'Size' NonVBearing'Wall' Exterior'&'Bearing'Walls'

Max'Hole' Max'Notch' Max'Hole' Max'Notch'

2x4' 2”' 1V3/8”' 1V3/8”' 7/8”'

2x6' 3V1/4”' 2V1/8”' 2V1/8”' 1V3/8”'

2x8' 4V1/4”' 2V7/8”' 2V7/8”' 1V7/8”'

Floor)Framing:)Compression)Edge)Bracing)

•  Bending'causes'compression'in'one'edge'of'member'•  Compression'can'cause'buckling;'compression'edge'bracing'

resists'buckling'''

Compression'edge'

Tension'edge'

Loading'direcKon'


•  Floor'sheathing'braces'compression'flange'of'floor'joists'•  Specify'sheathing'to'framing'fasteners'sized'to'resist'

compression'force''


•  Floor'joists'brace'compression'flange'of'floor'beam'•  Floor'joists'installed'Kght'to'beam'resist'beam'compression'

force''

Interior)Wood)Framed)Par??ons)

Untreated'wood'framed'(interior)'parKKon'walls'are'permijed'in'the'following:'•  Type'V'ConstrucKon'(IBC'602.5)'•  Type'IV'ConstrucKon'as'follows:'

•  Walls'must'be'solid'wood:'2'layers'of'1”'min.'boards,'4”'thick'laminated'construcKon,'or'1'hour'fire'resistance'rated'(IBC'602.4.6)'

•  Type'III'ConstrucKon'(IBC'602.3)''Fire'Retardant'Treated'wood'framed'nonVbearing'parKKons'are'permijed'in:'•  Type'I'and'II'ConstrucKon'where'the'required'fire'resistance'

raKng'is'2'hours'or'less'(IBC'603.1)''

Benefits'of'wood'framed'parKKons:'•  Ease'of'trim'&'other'finish'installaKon'•  Ease'of'installing'blocking'for'hanging'cabinets,'shelving,'other'

misc.'items'

Wood)in)Contact)with)Other)Materials))

•  IBC'2304.11'requires'preservaKve'treated'or'naturally'durable'wood'when'in'contact'with'foundaKon'walls'

'

Wood)in)Contact)with)Other)Materials))

•  Detail'to'allow'drying,'venKng,'differenKal'movement'•  Avoid'moisture'traps''

Outline)


Member)Orienta?on:)Framing)

•  Most'framing'members'have'a'major'and'minor'axis'•  Most'framing'members'are'rectangular;'larger'dimension'

generally'determines'direcKon'of'major'axis''

Member)Orienta?on:)Framing)

Framing)Op?ons)

Solid'Sawn'Lumber''Lumber'(2”V4”'thickness)'and'Timbers'(5”x5”'&''larger)'

Glulam'I'Joists'Structural'Composite'Lumber'

'LVL,'PSL,'LSL,'OSL'

Image'Source:'APA'

Solid)Sawn)Framing)

Design'Routes:''IBC'2012'2308'–'ConvenKonal'LightVFrame'ConstrucKon''AWC'NDS'2012'–'Engineered'Design''AWC'Wood'Frame'ConstrucKon'Manual'2012'' 'V'Design'tools'based'upon'NDS'

Single'or'MulKVply'members'can'be'used'for'floor,'roof'joists,'beams,'purlins,'wall'studs,'plates,'blocking,'bracing'

Solid)Sawn)Roof)Framing)Spans)

IBC)2012)Table)2308.10.3(2))Ra`er)Spans)for)Common)Lumber)

Species)

Assumes'Roof'Live'Load'='20'psf,'Δ'='L/240'

Solid)Sawn)Roof)Framing)Spans)

Ra`er)Spacing) Species)and)

Grade)

Size) Maximum)

Ra`er)Span)

16”' DouglasVFir'Larch'#2'

2x8' 18’V2”'

2x10' 22’V3”'

2x12' 25’V9”'

24”' SpruceVPineVFir'#2'

2x8' 14’V10”'

2x10' 18’V2”'

2x12' 21’V0”'

Assumes'Roof'Live'Load'='20'psf,'Roof'Dead'Load'='10'psf,'Δ'='L/240'

Solid)Sawn)Floor)Framing)Spans)

IBC)2012)Table)2308.8(2))Floor)Joist)Spans)for)Common)Lumber)

Species)

Assumes'Live'Load'='40'psf,'Δ'='L/360'

Solid)Sawn)Floor)Framing)Spans)

Joist)Spacing) Species)and)

Grade)

Size) Maximum)

Joist)Span)

16”' DouglasVFir'Larch'#2'

2x8' 12’V7”'

2x10' 15’V5”'

2x12' 17’V10”'

24”' SpruceVPineVFir'#2'

2x8' 10’V3”'

2x10' 12’V7”'

2x12' 14’V7”'

Assumes'Live'Load'='40'psf,'Floor'Dead'Load'='10'psf,'Δ'='L/360'

Solid)Sawn)Wall)Studs)–)Wind)Design)

AWC’s)2012)Wood)Frame)Construc?on)Manual)(WFCM))

Solid)Sawn)Wall)Studs)–)Wind)Design)

3)second)wind)gust) 115)mph) 130)mph)

Stud'Size' 2x4' 2x6' 2x4' 2x6'

10'b'wall'height' 1070'psi' 433'psi' 1367'psi' 554'psi'

12'b'wall'height' 1493'psi' 605'psi' 1908'psi' 773'psi'

Assumes'Studs'@'16”'o.c.'

Induced'Wall'Stud'Bending'Stresses'from'Wind'Loads'

Solid)Sawn)Framed)MidbRise)Building)

Photo'Credit:'Benjamin'Benschneider/Mahlum'

University'of'Washington'West'Campus'Student'Housing'–'Phase'I'•  LocaKon:'Seajle,'WA'•  5'Stories'light'frame'construcKon'over'2'story'concrete'podium'

Solid)Sawn)Timbers)

Heavy'Kmber'members'used'in'type'IV'construcKon'&'other'exposed'applicaKons.'

Burr'&'Burton'Academy'–'Mountain'Campus,'Peru,'VT,'Photo'Credit:'Bensonwood'

Can'be'square'(10x10)'or'rectangular'(8x12)'shapes:'•  Columns'•  Beams'•  Custom'trusses'

Solid)Sawn)Heavy)Timber)Framing)

Anderson'Japanese'Gardens'Visitor's'Center,'Rockford,'IL,'Photo'Credit:'Daniel'G.'Saavedra'

Winery)Fermenta?on)Barn)

Nickel)&)Nickel)Winery)

•  LocaKon:'Oakville,'CA'•  UKlizes'tradiKonal'post'and'beam'

joinery'

Design'Team:'Taylor'Lombardo'Architects'LLP,'JVA'Incorporated'Photo'Credit:'Adrian'Gregoruv'

Winery)Fermenta?on)Barn)

Solid)Sawn)Heavy)Timber)Trusses)

The'Pepper'PlantaKon'Pavilion,'Awendaw,'SC,'Photo'Credit:'SGA'Architecture)

Timber)Frame)Systems)

SIMPLE)TRUSS' CLASSIC)KING)POST)TRUSS''

KING)POST)TRUSS'

QUEEN)POST)SYSTEM''

HAMMER)TRUSS' SCISSOR)TRUSS'

William'N.'Allyn'Conference'Center''

Photos'courtesy'New'Energy'Works'Timberframers''

25,000'sq'b'

Glulam)

Glulam'='a'structural'composite'of'lumber'and'adhesives'Recognized'in'IBC'2303.1.3'using'ANSI/AITC'A'190.1'and'ASTM'D'3737'Can'be'used'for'floor,'roof'purlins,'beams,'arches,'columns'

Dispersal)of)Strength)Reducing)Characteris?cs)

Single)Lamina?on)

)Glued)Laminated)Timber)

First)Glulam)in)the)U.S.A.)

1933'–'Madison,'WI'

Typical)Widths:)

3V1/8”,'3V1/2”,'5V1/8”,'5V1/2”,'6V3/4”,'8V3/4”,'10V3/4”,'12V1/4”')

Typical)Depths:)

Increments'of'1½“'from'6”'to'60”+''Note:'Some'glulam'laminaKons'are'1V3/8”''Typical)Species)

DouglasVFir,'Southern'Pine,'Spruce'''

Glulam)Sizes)&)Op?ons)

width'

depth'

Can'be'PT,'FRT,'varies'by'manufacturer'&'treater''Can'be'cambered''Different'Appearance'Grades'available'''

Image:'APA'Glulam'Product'Guide''

Glulam)Layup)–)Balanced)&)Unbalanced)

High'Strength'Outer'Tension'Lams'

Lower'Grade'Inner'Lams'

Medium'Grade'Inner'Compression'Lam'

High'Strength'Outer'Compression'Lams'

Medium'Grade'Inner'Compression'Lam'

Image:'AITC'''

Glulam)Appearance)Grades)–)APA)EWS)Y110))

Industrial'Grade'''

Premium'Grade'''

Architectural'Grade'''

Framing'Grade'''

Images:'American'Laminators'''

Glulam)Beam)Capaci?es)

Lemay'Museum,'Tacoma,'WA'Photo:'Western'Wood'Structures'

AITC'Beam'Capacity'Tables'hjp://www.aitcVglulam.org/capacity.asp'S'='controlled'by'shear,'D'='controlled'by'deflecKon,'B'='controlled'by'bending'''

Glulam)Column)Capaci?es)

Lemay'Museum,'Tacoma,'WA'Photo:'Western'Wood'Structures'AITC'Column'Capacity'Tables'hjp://www.aitcVglulam.org/column.asp'

'

Specifying)Glulam)Camber)


•  Glulam'can'be'manufactured'with'camber''to'offset'the'anKcipated'dead'load'deflecKon'

•  Very'important'for'long'span'members'•  Glulam'industry'recommends'camber'='1.5'Kmes'

calculated'dead'load'deflecKon'

Image:'APA'Glulam'Product'Guide''

Glulam)Arches)


Lemay'America'Auto'Museum'Photos'courtesy'Western'Wood'Structures'

104’'Span'Glulam'Arches'Glulam'purlins'@'4’'o.c'

Hybrid)Glulam)Trusses)

Jackson)Hole)Airport)

•  LocaKon:'Jackson'Hole,'WY'•  LEED'Silver'•  Completed'2010'

Design'Team:'Gensler,'MarKn,'MarKn'Photo'Credit:'Majhew'Millman,'Tim'Griffith''

Hybrid)Glulam)Trusses)

Thunder)Bay)Regional)Health)Sciences)Centre)Wood)and)the)Environment:)Credit)Valley)

Building)Occupant)Environment)

Flexibility)of)Shapes)and)Spans)

YMCA'Camp'Thunderbird'Duke'Energy'Pavilion,'Lake'Wylie,'South'Carolina'Photo:')Stanley'Capps'


Richmond'Olympic'Oval,'Richmond,'BC''Photo:'naturallywood.com'


The'Cathedral'of'Christ'The'Light,'Oakland,'CA'Photo:'Timothy'Hursley,'Cesar'Rubio,'and'John'Blaustein,''

Jared’s)Galleria)

Havens'Elementary'School,'Piedmont'CA'Design':'ATI'Architects'and'Engineers'General'Contractor:''Webcor'Photos'courtesy'RedBuilt'

46,000'sf'school'replacement'Completed'2010''

Structural)Composite)Lumber)

Laminated'Veneer'Lumber')

Parallel'Strand''Lumber')

Laminated'Strand''Lumber')

Oriented'Strand''Lumber')

Recognized'in'IBC'2303.1.9'using'ASTM'D'5456'Proprietary'Products'with'EvaluaKon'Reports'Can'be'used'for'floor,'roof'beams'&'columns,'tall'wall'studs'

University'of'Idaho'RecreaKonal'Center'Architects:'Ohlson'Lavoie'Company'Structural'Engineer:'Coffman'Engineers'

85,000'sq'b'Completed'2002''PSL'Truss'Roof'

)Metal)Plated)Wood)Truss)

Floor)Truss)Configura?ons)

Jared’s)Galleria)

Roof)Truss)Configura?ons)

Scissors

Vaulted)Parallel)Chord)

Flat)Vault

Studio)Vault

Tray)or)Coffer

Barrel)Vault


Polynesian)

Gambrel)

RoombInbAhc)

Bowstring)

Double)Can?lever

TribBearing)

79'Clerestory)

Can?levered)Mansard))

W/)Parapets)

Hip)

Dual)Pitch)

Sloping)Flat)

Half)Scissors)

Half)Hip)

Mono


Mul?bPiece)

Double)Inverted)


Wood)in)Retail)Design)

•  NaKonal'Fast'Food'Chain'

•  2008'•  Smyrna,'TN'

Fast)Food)Chain)Restaurant)

•  2x6'wall'studs'•  10’'tall'walls'+'16”'stem'

wall'•  Brick'and'Stone'Exterior'•  2,700sf'

Fast)Food)Chain)Restaurant)

34’'Wood'Truss'Spans'@'32”'o.c.''36”'deep'flat'roof'trusses.'

Wood)in)Retail)Design)

•  NaKonal'Jewelry'Store'Chain'•  2008'

Jewelry)Store)

•  2x8'wall'studs'>'20’'tall'•  Panelized'walls'•  Exterior'Finishes'Applied'

Jewelry)Store)

25’'Wood'Truss'Spans'Steel'beam'uKlized'along'center'of'building.'

Jared’s)Galleria)

Parallel)Chord)Scissors)Truss)

82’)Clear)Span)Trusses)

Outline)


Member)Orienta?on:)Panels)

Minor Axis

Major'Axis'

24” min

2 spans minimum

Strength axis Τ to supports

•  Due'to'mulKVlayer'composiKon,'most'panel'products'have'a'major'and'minor'axis'

•  DirecKon'of'grain'in'face'plies/veneers'generally'determine'direcKon'of'major'axis'

'

Center

Inner

Back

Face

Inner

Wood'EducaKon'InsKtute'

Panel)Op?ons)

Wood'Structural'Panels''Oriented'Strand'Board'(OSB)'and'Plywood'

Solid'Sawn'Decking''2x,'3x'and'4x'dimensional'lumber''Mechanically'Laminated'or'Tongue'&'Groove'

Panel'Products:''Mass'Kmber'panels'(CLT,'NLT,'GLT,'LVL)''Structural'Insulated'Panels'(SIPS)'

Wood)Structural)Panels)

•  Plywood'V'the'original'engineered'wood'panel''(>100'years)'•  Oriented'Strand'Board'(OSB)'V'a'second'generaKon'

engineered'wood'panel''•  Depending'on'thickness,'loads,'generally'span'16”'–'24”'


IBC)2012)2303.1.4)Wood)structural)panels.)

'Wood'structural'panels,'when'used'structurally'(including'those'used'for'siding,'roof'and'wall'sheathing,'subflooring,'diaphragms'and'builtVup'members),'shall'conform'to'the'requirements'for'their'type'in'DOC)PS)1,)DOC)PS)2)or)ANSI/APA)PRP)210.)Each'panel'or'member'shall'be'idenKfied'for'grade,'bond'classificaKon,'and'Performance'Category'by'the'trademarks'of'an'approved'tesKng'and'grading'agency.'The'Performance)Category)value)shall)be)used)as)the)“nominal)

panel)thickness”)or)“panel)thickness”)whenever)

referenced)in)this)code.''

APA)Engineered)Wood)Construc?on)Guide)

Lumber)Decking)

Lumber)Decking)

•  Code'Acceptance'for'2,'3'and'4'inch'thick'Tongue'&'Groove'Lumber'Decking'per'IBC'2012'2304.8'

•  Widths'can'be'same'as'dimensional'lumber'•  NDS'Supplement'Table'4E'gives'Reference'Design'Values'•  Single'or'double'layer''

3x6'Double'T&G'Pine'Photo'Southern'Wood'SpecialKes'

2x6'T&G'Doug'Fir'Photo'Bear'Creek'Lumber'

Lumber)Decking)Layup)Op?ons)

Details'in'IBC'with'further'informaKon'in'AWC'WCD'2'

American)Wood)Council)

Wood)Construc?on)Data)2)

Tongue!and!Groove!Roof!Decking!

Lumber)Roof)Decking)Spans)

•  AWC'WCD'2'T&G'Decking'Design'Tools.'•  Used'with'Lumber'Design'Values'from'NaKonal'

Design'SpecificaKon'for'Wood'ConstrucKon'and'Supplement.'

Lumber)Roof)Decking)Spans)

•  2'inch'can'span'up'to'8'feet'or'more'•  3'inch'can'span'up'to'12'feet'or'more'•  4'inch'can'span'up'to'16'feet'or'more'•  Spans'depend'on'Loads,'Species'and'Grade'of'Lumber,'Deck'Layup'

Pajern,'Acceptable'DeflecKon,'etc.'

Lumber)Decking)with)WSP)Diaphragm)

Radiator'Building,'Portland,'OR,'Photo'Credit:'Josh'Partee'

Outline)


Mass)Timber)Panels)

Nail'Laminated'Timber'(NLT)''

Glue'Laminated'Timber'(GLT)''

Laminated'Veneer'Lumber'(LVL)''

Cross'Laminated'Timber'(CLT)''

Images'Source:'Structurecrab'

'

))))Nail)Laminated)Timber)Deck)

Column'SupporKng'Floor'Load'>)8x8)nominal)

Beam'SupporKng'Floor'Load'>)6x10)nominal)

Columns)and)beams)can))

be)sawn)or)Glublaminated)

IBC)Sec?on)2304.8.3:)Mechanically)Laminated)Decking)

SquareVedged'dimension'lumber'laminaKons'set'on'edge'and'nailed'to'adjacent'pieces'&'supports'•  NDS'SecKon'15.1.1'provides'distribuKon'factors'for'concentrated'loads'on'4”'&'6”'nail'laminated'decking'

'

Image'Source:'Structurecrab'

'

))))Nail)Laminated)Timber)Deck)

Column'SupporKng'Floor'Load'>)8x8)nominal)

Beam'SupporKng'Floor'Load'>)6x10)nominal)

Columns)and)beams)can))

be)sawn)or)Glublaminated)

The'Bullij'Center,'Seajle,'WA''''''Photo'Credit:'John'Stamets'

What)is)Cross)Laminated)Timber)(CLT)?))

Photos'provided'by'FPInnovaKons'

4'1/8”'to'19'1/2”'

10’X40’'

8’X64’'

•  3'layers'min.'of'solid'sawn'lams'

•  90'deg.'crossVlams'•  Similar'to'pw.'sht’g.'

Minor Axis

CLT)Composi?on)

Is)CLT)recognized)by)the)building)Code?)

Addi?onal)detailed)informa?on)is)available)at)www.woodworks.org))

SecKon'602.4VHeavy'Timber''and'secKon'2303.1.4.'

2015'IBC?'YES!'

Fire)Performance)

•  ASTM E119 Fire Endurance Test • 5-Ply CLT (6-7/8” thick) • 5/8” Type X GWB each side • 2 hour target • Actual 3 hours 6 minutes

•  2015 NDS Chapter 16 includes char rates for CLT to achieve up to 2 hour fire rating

Product)Standardiza?on)

CLT)Product)Standard)

ANSI/APA'PRG'320'•  CLT'Stress'classes'•  Quality'Assurance'tesKng'•  IdenKficaKon'marking'

'

Structural)Composi?on)of)CLT)

Lamina?ons:''(Per'PRG'320V2012)''5/8”'to'2”'thick.'''Machine'Stress'Rated'or'Visually'Graded'Dimensional'Lumber'or'SCL''Dried'to'12%'Moisture'Content'before'layup.''A'common'NA'thickness'is'1'3/8”''(planed'2x'stock)''PRG'320'provides'thickness'to'width'requirements'of'laminaKons'


Layers:''(Per'PRG'320V2012)''Oriented'in'orthogonal'arrangement''Odd'number'of'symmetric'layers'most'common''Double'parallel'exterior'layers'permijed''Unbalanced'layup'permijed''Reference'gluVlam'adhesive'standard''(AITC'405)'''


Panels,)also)known)as)Billets.)

' '20'inch'max'thickness'in'PRG'320''Up'to'8'b'or'more'wide'per'manufacturer'and'shipping''Up'to'40'b'or'more'long'per'manufacturer'and'shipping''Major'axis:''stronger,'sKffer,'usually'long'direcKon''Minor'axis:''less'strong'and'sKff,'usually'short'direcKon'''''

Minor Axis

CLT)Stress)Grades)

Stress)Grade) Major)Strength)

Direc?on)

Minor)Strength)Direc?on)

E1 1950f-1.7E MSR SPF #3 Spruce Pine Fir E2 1650f-1.5E MSR DFL #3 Doug Fir Larch E3 1200f-1.2E MSR Misc #3 Misc E4 1950f-1.7E MSR SP #3 Southern Pine V1 #2 Doug Fir Larch #3 Doug Fir Larch V2 #1/#2 Spruce Pine Fir #3 Spruce Pine Fir V3 #2 Southern Pine #3 Southern Pine

Non-mandatory in PRG 320. Other stress grades including SCL permitted

Examples)of)CLT)Configura?ons)

3Vply'3Vlayer'''5Vply'5Vlayer'''6Vply'5Vlayer''''9Vply'9Vlayer'

5Vply'3Vlayer'''7Vply'5Vlayer'''8Vply'5Vlayer''''9Vply'7Vlayer'

CLT)Panel)Capaci?es)

ANSI/APA'PRG'320''

CLT)Panel)Capaci?es)

Source:'Nordic'XVLam,'Stress'Grade'E1''

Source:'Structurelam,'Stress'Grade'V2''

Massb”Timber”bForte’,)Melbourne,)Australia)

)

Architect:'Lendlease'Photo'credit:'Lendlease''

•  Tallest'modern'Kmber'building'

'''''''V'10'stories'total'•  9'stories'of'CLT'over'1'story'concrete'podium'

•  Prefabricated'CLT'panels'•  All'CLT'loadVbearing'walls,'floor'slabs,'and'elevator'and'stair'shabs''

Massb”Timber”bTreet,)Bergen,)Norway)

)

Architect:'Arco'Engineer:'Sweco''

•  Currently'under'construcKon'

•  Once'complete'will'be'tallest'modern'Kmber'building'

'''''''V'14'stories'total,''173'feet'tall'

•  Scheduled'compleKon'Autumn'2015'

•  Unique'glulam'and'CLT'module'construcKon'

'

Solid)Timber)Sha`)Walls)

•  Eliminates'using'concrete'or'masonry''•  Short'construcKon'Kme'•  Saves'money'

Case)StudybCLT)Milestone)in)Montana)

The)Long)Hall)

•  First'CLT'project'in'the'US,'using'a'US'CLT'supplier.''

•  Type'VB–CLT'walls'and'floor,'glueVlam'roof'beams'and'decking'

•  2'stories,'mixed'use'•  5'days'to'erect,'3'months'from'

foundaKon'to'occupancy'•  Cost'effecKvenessV'short'

construcKon'Kme'and'keeping'CLT'panels'as'interior'finish'

Designer:'Datum'Design'Drabing'Engineer:'CLT'SoluKons'Photo:'gravityshots.com' LocaKon:'Whitefish,'MT'

US)CLT)Handbook)

1.  IntroducKon'2.  Manufacturing'3.  Structural'4.  Lateral'5.  ConnecKons'6.  DOL'and'Creep'7.  VibraKon'8.  Fire'9.  Sound''

10. Enclosure'11. Environmental'12. Libing'

www.massKmber.com'

CLT)Assembly)Details)

www.mass7mber.com!

How$to$use$CLT$,$Assembly$

Case)Study:)CLT)Framed)School)

Franklin)Elementary)School)

•  LocaKon:'Franklin,'WV'•  2'storiesV'45,200'sf.'''•  Structure'erected'in'less'than'

3'months'•  1st'CLT'School'in'US'•  Completed'2015' Architect:'MSES'Architects'

Ques?ons?)

This'concludes'The'American'InsKtute'of'Architects'ConKnuing'EducaKon'Systems'Course'

Archie)Landreman)

(262)'672V4746'[email protected]'

Visit)www.woodworks.org)for)more)educa?onal)materials,)

case)studies,)design)examples,)a)project)gallery,)and)more'

This'presentaKon'is'protected'by'US''and'InternaKonal'Copyright'laws.''

ReproducKon,'distribuKon,'display'and'use'of''the'presentaKon'without'wrijen'permission''

of'the'speaker'is'prohibited.''

©'The'Wood'Products'Council'2015'

Copyright)Materials)

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