Guided Notes

Chapter 1; Politics and Reform

Section 1

I. A Campaign to Clean Up Politics (pages 364–365)

A. Under the ____________ ____________, or _________________, government _______

went to ________________ of the _____________ party in an election. By the late _______,

many Americans believed that ________________ _________________ those who

______________for the __________________. They began a ________________ to _________

the __________ ____________.

B. President ________________B. __________ _____________ the practice of

________________. The “____________”— a group of ________________ _______________

________________ who strongly ______________ ___________ ___________ reform—

accused ____________ of ____________ civil service _____________ to create

______________ for his _______ _____________. Civil service ________________ were called

“__________________.”

C. The _________________ ________________ for the _____________ of ___________ were a

________________, ___________ ______________ for ______________, and the

______________, _________________ _____________ for ________ president. They

__________ the election.

D. President _____________ was _______________ a _______ months into his presidency. He

was ___________ by a _____________ who _____________ a civil ___________ job through

the ____________ ________________.

E. In 1883 ______________ passed the _______________ __________. This civil service

______________ act _______________ the _______________ to _____________ which federal

___________ would be __________ according to _________ set up by a _______________ Civil

_______________ _________________. Candidates __________________ for ____________

jobs through ___________________. _____________________ could be made

____________from the _____________ of those who took the ______________. Once

__________________ to a job, a civil service _____________ could not be _____________ for

_________________ reasons.

II. Two Parties, Neck and Neck (pages 365–366)

A. A major _____________ that _______ new ___________ were introduced in the _______

and _________ was because the _______________ had _____________ of the _____________

of ____________________ and the __________________ had the ________________ of the

______________.

B. Both the _________________ and the _________________ were _______ organized in the

late 1800s. The _______________ elections were _________ with __________ margins

between ________ and _________. In ________ and __________, the __________________

candidate ________ the ______________ __________, but _______ the ___________ vote

and the _____________.

C. The __________________ _________ _________ of the ________ _________________

elections between __________ and __________. Then _______________ ________________

the __________ of ________________, however, and the _____________ was

___________________ by _______________ who did ________ necessarily ___________ with

the ________________ on ____________.

III. Democrats Reclaim the White House (pages 366–367)

A. In the ________________ election of __________, _________________ remained

_______________ over ________________. _________________ nominated Governor

______________ ____________________ of New York, a _________________ who

opposed _______________ ______________.

B. ___________________ nominated _____________ G. _____________, a _____________

_______________ of the ___________ of Representatives. _____________ was

_______________ among ____________________ Party _____________.

C. A major ____________ in the ________________ was __________________ in American

___________________. _____________ focused on the ______________ of each candidate.

D. Some _________________ _______________, called “__________________,”

_____________ _____________ so ____________ that they ________ the ______________ to

______________ the ___________________ candidate Grover ______________. The

_____________________ did ________ like ______________ connection with the

____________ _______________ _________________.

E. _________________ admitted to having _______________ a ____________ ten years earlier

and _______________ the ______________ of the ___________________ for his

_________________.

F. ______________ tried to _____________ ____________ _____________ to _________

___________________ because _______ mother was an ___________ Catholic. His tactic

__________________, and _______________ was ____________ ____________________.

IV. A President Besieged by Problems (pages 367–368)

A. Many _______________ of President Grover _______________ ____________

_________________jobs after his election to office.

B. Many _____________ occurred ___________ Cleveland’s administration. __________ and

paid guards sometimes ______________ the _____________. A __________ exploded at a

____________ demonstration in _________________ Square in Chicago.

C. __________ businesses and ____________ became __________ at _______________

because they paid ________ rates for _____________ goods, but ____________ corporations

were given _____________, or ____________ refunds, and _______________ rates for

shipping ___________.

D. Both _________________ and ____________________ believed that ___________________

should ________ interfere with ___________________ ______________ rights. In _________

the _________ Court ruled in the case of _______________ v. _____________ that the state of

Illinois could ________ restrict the _________ that the _____________ Railroad

_____________ for _____________ between ________________ because _____________ the

_______________ government _____________ regulate _______________ commerce.

E. In ________ a _______ was signed creating the ____________ _______________

__________________. This was the __________ law to _____________ interstate

_______________.

F. Many Americans _____________ to do ___________ with __________ ____________

because they ____________ that __________ American _______________ could

_________________ ___________________. They wanted ________________ to _________

_____________ because these ____________ caused an ______________ in the ____________

of _________________ goods.

G. President _______________ proposed ______________ tariffs, but ______________ was

_________________over the issue. _________ ________________ became a __________ issue

in the election of _________.

V. Republicans Regain Power (pages 368–369)

A. The ______________ candidate in the ________ election was _______________

___________. His ________________ was __________ large ___________________ by

_________________ who ______________ tariff _________________. The

___________________ candidate was _________________. He was ____________ ________

tariff _________. Harrison ________ the ____________ by winning the _________________

vote, but __________ the _____________ vote.

B. As a ____________ of the election of 1888, _________________ gained ____________ of

____________ houses of _______________ and the ____________ House. The

________________ were _________ to __________ legislation on issues of ___________

concern.

C. The _____________ ___________ ________ tariff rates on _________ goods, but

_______________ the ____________ of ___________. It _______________ _______________

________________ and _________ the _____________ with a __________ _____________.

D. A _______ _________ _______ passed in ________ for ____________ furthered

_______________ the federal ______________.

E. The ______________ _____________ _________ of 1890 made ________ _____________,

although the __________ did __________ to ___________ the ___________.

Section 2

I. Unrest in Rural America (pages 372–374)

A. In the 1890s, a _______________ movement called ______________ emerged to

______________ the ______________ power of ____________ and to work for

______________________ for __________________ ______________.

B. The nation’s ___________ supply _____________ farmers. To ___________ ____________

the ____________ in the Civil ________, the government ___________ millions of

____________ in ____________________, or _____________ ______________ that

could ________ be _________________ for __________ or _________ coins. This _________

__________________ in the _______________ supply ________________ a rapid

__________________ in ____________ for __________ caused ______________—a

_______________ in the _______________ of ____________. The ____________ of goods

greatly _________________.

C. To get ________________ under ______________, the ______________ government

______________ printing __________________ and started ___________ off ___________.

Congress also ________________ making __________ into ______________. As a result, the

country did ________ have a __________ enough _____________ supply to meet the

_________ of the ______________ economy. This led to ______________—or an

________________ in the __________ of __________________ and a ______________ in the

general level of ______________.

D. _________________ forced most ______________ to ______________ money to

____________ their crops. The ____________ supply of ___________________ caused an

________________ in _______________ _____________ that the farmers ____________.

E. Some ______________ wanted ________ _______________ printed to ___________ the

money supply. Others _______________ the government to _________ _________ coins.

F. The ____________ was a _______________farm __________________ founded for

_______________ and ____________________ purposes. When the _____________

experienced a __________________, ______________ numbers of farmers joined the

______________ for help. The _____________ _____________ its focus to ____________ to

the ______________ of farmers.

G. ________________ put their ____________ together and created _______________—

__________________ organizations that ____________ to ________its members. The

__________________ ______________ members’ _____________ and ________ them off the

______________ to _________ the __________ to ___________. ____________ could

negotiate ______________ ______________ rates from railroads.

H. The _______________ was _____________ to ________________ the economic conditions

of ________________. By the late 1870s, many farmers __________ the ___________ and

joined _______________ organizations that offered to __________ them solve their problems.

II. The Farmers’ Alliance (pages 374–375)

A. The ______________ _______________ was ____________ in 1877. By __________ it had

between ______ and 3 __________ members with ____________ in the ____________ and on

the __________ _____________.

B. The __________ organized large ___________________ called ________________ for the

purpose of ______________ farm prices _________ and ______________ ____________ to

farmers at ________ interest _________. These ________________ mostly ___________.

Many exchanges ______________________ themselves by _______________ ____ much

money at _________ interest rates that were _________ __________. ___________________,

______________________, ______________________, and __________ ______________

against the ________________. The exchanges were too __________ to dramatically

___________ ___________ prices for ____________ products.

C. Members of the ________________ Alliance formed the ______________ __________, or

_______________, to ________ for __________ _______________ that would ____________

farmers _____________ their problems.

D. Most _____________ leaders of the ______________ _____________ the ____________

Party because they ______________ the _________________ to ___________ _____________

of the ___________. One Southern ______________, ______________ _____________, came

up with a ____________________ plan to ______ up ___________________ where farmers

could ___________ their ____________ to ____________ prices ________.

III. The Rise of Populism (pages 375–378)

A. In 1890 the _______________ Alliance issued the ___________ ____________ to _______

farmers _________________ ________________ in the 1890 elections. The ______________

included the _____________ of the _____________________ plan, the ____________ coinage

of _____________, an ___________ to ______________ ______________ and

______________ _____________, tighter _________________ of the ________________, and

________________ election of ____________________ by ________________.

B. Many _______-Alliance _____________________ were _________ to office in the

___________.

C. By early _________, ______________ members of the ____________ began to

____________ that ___________________ were __________ going to ________ their

________________ to the ________________ and they were ____________ to __________ the

________________Party and ______ the _______________ __________.

D. In _______ 1892, the _______________ Party held its ______ _______________ convention

where it _________________ ____________ B. _____________ to ______ for

_______________. The _____________ __________ ______________ called for

______________ coinage of _____________, ____________ ownership of ______________,

and a _________________ ______________ ________, one that ______ _________ earnings

more ____________. It also called for an _______-hour ______________, ________________

of _________________, and _______________ the _____ of __________________.

E. _________________ nominated New Yorker ___________ _______________ for the

_______ presidential ______________. ________________ _________ the election.

F. The _________ of ________ was _________ by the _____________ of the

________________ and _____________ Railroads. It _____________ in the __________

market _________ and the __________ of many __________. By ________the ___________

was in a ________ ____________.

G. President ___________ wanted to ________ the flow of _______ and make it the ________

basis for the country’s __________, so he had Congress __________ of the ______________

____________ _______________ _________. This ___________ the ________________ Party

to ________ into the ____________ and the _____________. _______________

____________ the American _____________ should be ___________ only on _________.

_____________ believed coining ___________ in _____________ amounts was the

____________ to the ____________ economic crisis.

IV. The Election of 1896 (pages 378–379)

A. The ________________ nominated _____________ Jennings __________ for the

______________ election of 1896. He strongly _______________ the _____________

___________ ___________. ______________ also ______________ __________ for president.

B. The ______________ nominated ________________ ______________ of Ohio for

_____________. He ______________ workers a “__________________.” Most

______________ leaders liked _______________ because they ______________ the

_______________ ______________ coinage would _______ the country’s ______________.

C. ____________ ________ the election of _________. New ________ strikes in ___________

and Canada’s ___________ Territory and in _____________ parts of the ____________

________________ the _____________ supply ____________ needing to use __________. As

the ___________ issue ___________ out, so did the ______________ Party.

Section 3

I. Resistance and Repression (pages 380–381)

A. After _______________, most _______________ _________________ were

__________________, or _____________ farmers who had to _________ the ___________ a

large _____________ of their ___________ to cover their __________ for _____________

and farming __________________.

B. In 1879 _______________ “Pap” ______________ organized a mass ___________ of

_________________ Americans, called ____________________, from the ________ South to

__________.

C. Some _______________ Americans that ____________ in the ____________ formed the

_______________ ________________ _______________ Alliance. The organization

____________ to _________ its members set up __________________. Many ______________

Americans ____________ the _______________ Party.

D. Threatened by the ____________ of the ________________ Party, ________________

leaders began using ________________ to try to _________ ____________ the __________

_____________ ___________ in the ______________. By ___________ election ___________

in the ___________ began using ____________ to make it ______________ for African

Americans to ___________.

II. Disfranchising African Americans (page 382)

A. _______________ states used _______________ in the ______________ ______________

and began to ______________ restrictions that __________ almost ________ African

Americans from ______________.

B. In 1890 ________________ required _______ citizens _________________ to _________ to

_________ a ________ _______, which __________ African Americans could _________

____________ to ___________. The state also ____________ ______ prospective

____________ to take a _________________ ____________. Most ____________ Americans

had ______ _________________ and _____________ the _____________. Other

__________________ states ________________ ____________ restrictions. The

______________ of African Americans and _________ _______________ registered to

________ ____________ dramatically in the ___________.

C. To _________ _________ ____________ to __________, some ________________ states

had a _____________________ _____________ in their ____________ __________________.

This _____________ ______________ ________ _________ to __________ if he had an

_________________ on the __________ rolls in _________.

III. Legalizing Segregation (pages 382–383)

A. In the late 1800s, both the ____________ and the ___________ __________________

against ____________ Americans. In the __________, _______________, or

________________ of the ______________, was ______________ by laws known as _______

__________ ___________.

B. In 1883 the ______________ Court ______________ the _________ ___________ _______

of _________. The ____________ meant that ____________ organizations or

_________________ were _________ to ________________ _______________________.

C. _________________ states ___________ a ___________ of __________ that

_____________ _________________ in almost ________ _______________ places.

D. The Supreme ____________ ruling in ____________ v. _______________ endorsed

“________________________________” facilities ________ African Americans. This ruling

__________________ the __________ basis for ____________________ in the

____________ for over _________ years.

E. In the late 1800s, mob _____________ increased in the ___________ States, particularly in

the _____________. Between _______ and ________, hundreds of _______________—

_______________ ______________ proper _____________ _________________—took place.

Most _______________ were in the _______________, and the _____________ were

___________ African Americans.

IV. The African American Response (pages 383–384)

A. In 1892 _______ B. ___________, an African American from _____________, began a

crusade _____________ _____________________. She wrote ______________ articles and a

book _________________ lynchings and _________ violence _____________ African

Americans.

B. ____________ T. _____________, an African American ______________, urged fellow

African Americans to ______________ on achieving _____________ goals rather than

__________ or _____________ ones. He explained his ___________ in a __________ known as

the _____________ ___________________.

C. The _______________ Compromise was ____________ by _________ Du _________, the

leader of ____________ American activists born ___________ the __________ War.

____________ said that ___________ ________________ continued to ________ ________

the _________ _____________ of African Americans, even though they were making

_________________ in ____________________ and ____________________

______________. He believed that _____________ Americans had to _____________ their

______________, especially ______________ rights, to ______________ ______________

_____________________.

I Can Statements and Bellringers

Chapter 11; Politics and Reform

Section 1: Stalemate in Washington

1. Explain why the Republicans and Democrats were so evenly matched during this period.

2. Cite the economic problems of the period and the basic viewpoints of each political party.

Section 2: Populism

3. Explain why farmers wanted a greenback currency and why the adoption of the gold standard led to

the Farmers’ Alliance.

4. Describe who joined the Populist Party and what the party’s goals were.

Section 3: The Rise of Segregation

5. Discuss how African Americans in the South were disfranchised and how segregation was legalized.

6. Describe three major African American leaders’ responses to discrimination.

Bellringer 1: __________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Bellringer 2:___________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Bellringer 3:___________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Bellringer 4:___________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Bellringer 5:___________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________