gsm(global system for mobile)

8/3/2019 Gsm(Global System for Mobile)

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MADE BY

DAYANAND GUPTAECE-V I SEMROLL NO-0823031019


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GSM-Introduction

History of GSM

Architecture

Security

Characteristics and features

Applications


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Global System for Mobile (GSM) is a secondgeneration cellular standard developed to catervoice services and data delivery using digitalmodulation

Subscribers can use their phones throughout theworld, enabled by international roamingarrangements between mobile network operators.

GSM uses a variation of Time Division Multiple Access(TDMA) and is the most widely used of the three

digital wireless telephone technologies (TDMA, GSM,and CDMA(code division multiple acess)). GSMdigitizes and compresses data, then sends it down achannel with two other streams of user data, each inits own time slot. It operates at either the 900 MHz or1,800 MHz frequency band.


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Developed by Group Special Mobile (founded 1982) which was aninitiative of CEPT ( Conference of European Post and Telecommunication)

Aim : to replace the incompatible analog system

Presently the responsibility of GSM standardization resides with specialmobile group under ETSI ( European telecommunication StandardsInstitute )

Under ETSI, GSM is named as Global System for Mobilecommunication

Today many providers all over the world use GSM (more than 135countries in Asia, Africa, Europe, Australia, America)

More than 1300 million subscribers in world and 45 million subscriberin India.


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4%

37%

4%1%42%

4%

3% (INDIA)

3% 3% Arab World

Asia Pacific

Africa

East Central Asia

Europe


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Bharti

27%

BSNL

22%Hutch

19%

IDEA

13%

BPL

6%

Aircel4%

Spice4%

Reliance

3%MTNL

2%

Figures: March 2005

Bharti

BSNL

Hutch

IDEA

BPL

AircelSpice

Reliance

MTNL


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Home Location Register (HLR)

Visitor Location Register (VLR)Equipment Identity Register (EIR)Authentication Center (AuC)SMS Serving Center (SMS SC)Gateway MSC (GMSC)Chargeback Center (CBC)

Transcoder and Adaptation Unit(TRAU)

The Mobile Station(MS)The Base StationSubsystem (BSS)The Network SwitchingSubsystem (NSS)The Operation SupportSubsystem(OSS)Mobile switchingcenter(MSC)


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Tele-services

Bearer or Data Services

Supplementary services


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On air interface, GSM uses encryptionand TMSI instead of IMSI.

SIM is provided 4-8 digit PIN to validatethe ownership of SIM

3 algorithms are specified :

- A3 algorithm for authentication - A5 algorithm for encryption

- A8 algorithm for key generation


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Fully digital system using 900,1800 MHz frequencyband.

TDMA over radio carriers(200 KHz carrier spacing. 8 full rate or 16 half rate TDMA channels per carrier. User/terminal authentication for fraud control.

Encryption of speech and data transmission over theradio path.

Full international roaming capability.

Low speed data services (upto 9.6 Kb/s). Compatibility with ISDN. Support of Short Message Service (SMS).


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Capacity increases

Reduced RF transmission power and longerbattery life.

International roaming capability. Better security against fraud (through

terminal validation and userauthentication).

Encryption capability for informationsecurity and privacy.

Compatibility with ISDN,leading to widerrange of services


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Mobile telephony

GSM-R

Telemetry System - Fleet management

- Automatic meter reading

- Toll Collection - Remote control and fault reporting of

DG sets

Value Added Services


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2nd Generation

GSM -9.6 Kbps (data rate)

2.5 Generation ( Future of GSM)

HSCSD (High Speed ckt Switched data)

Data rate : 76.8 Kbps (9.6 x 8 kbps)

GPRS (General Packet Radio service)

Data rate: 14.4 - 115.2 Kbps

EDGE (Enhanced data rate for GSM Evolution)Data rate: 547.2 Kbps (max)

3 Generation

WCDMA(Wide band CDMA)

Data rate : 0.348 2.0 Mbps


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gsm(global system for mobile)

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