gsm rno training-network interference and solutions_r1.0
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Network Interference and Solutions
R1.0
Suitable for staff with junior P&O skill certificates (lower thancertificate III)
Issued b Network O!ti"i#ation Sste" $e!t.
GSM Training Materials forGSM Training Materials forSkill CertificatesSkill Certificates
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%ersion Introduction
%ersion $ate uthor Re'iewed b "end"entRecords
R1.0 2009-03-11 Su ShaoLi Fei AiPing First eition
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rainin *oals
!o "no# the $lassi%i$ation o% inter%eren$e&
!o 'aster the analyti$al 'ethos o%
inter%eren$e (ro)le'&
!o 'aster the %lo# o% hanling
inter%eren$e (ro)le'&
!o "no# the analyti$al tool o% inter%eren$e
(ro)le'&
!o )e a)le to hanle $o''on inter%eren$e
(ro)le's.
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+ontents
*S, -reuenc llocation
Pheno"ena & +lassification of Interference
-low of /andlin Interference Proble"
naltical ,ethods of Interference Proble"
!ical +ases
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*S, -reuenc llocation
-reuencand
2 -reuenc$2
-reuenc$u!le3Inter'al
and 4idth+arrier
-reuencInter'al
*+S,+S,900
0 ,/ 91,/
92 ,/90,/
4 ,/ 3 ,/ 200 "/
56S100
1710 ,/17,/
10,/10,/
9 ,/ 7 ,/ 200 "/
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+ontents
*S, -reuenc llocation
Pheno"ena & +lassification of Interference
-low of /andlin Interference Proble"
naltical ,ethods of Interference Proble"
!ical +ases
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Pheno"ena of Interference
6all ro(
Una)le to
esta)lish $alls,etalli$ noise
On-an-o%%
s(ee$h
Poor
s(ee$h8uality
Pheno'ena
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+lassification of Interference
Internal inter%eren$e
Internal inter%eren$e re%ers to unreasona)le
%re8uen$y (lanning an e8ui('ent har#are %aults
#hi$h $oul lea to e$rease in net#or" ser:i$e
8uality.
*;ternal inter%eren$e
*;ternal inter%eren$e re%ers to un"no#n signal sour$e
out o% the net#or" #hose e;isten$e $oul seriously
istur) the net#or"
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Internal Interference 5+auses
Unreasona)le %re8uen$y (lanning
*8ui('ent %aults
S"i(-one $o:erage
Internal
inter%eren$e
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Internal Interference
5$ue to nreasonable -reuenc Plannin
Unreasona)le %re8uen$y (lanning = Fre8uen$y an a>a$ent $ell relation 'ay
)e set unreasona)le in net#or" (lanning
)e$ause o% (lanning tools or hu'an
'ista"es .
Inter%eren$e #ill )e re%le$te in too large
5L?R;@uality ,S una)le to a$$ess into
net#or" (oor s(ee$h 8uality an $all ro(.
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Internal Interference
5$ue to nreasonable -reuenc Plannin
6he$" an $on%ir' (ro)le'= Use (lanning tool to $he$" i% $o-$hannel e;ists&
$o-$hannel is easy to )e ete$te i% it oes e;ist.
As %or $ells in )ounary areas #e $an )lo$" $o-
$hannel $ells in the net#or"& 'ean#hile 'a"e
tra$ing test #ith 5! e:i$es at areas #ith
e'ergen$e o% large 5L?R;@uality. I% $o-$hannel
inter%eren$e oes e;ist the 5L?R;@uality :alue
shall )e$o'e s'aller a%ter the )lo$"ing o% $o-
$hannel $ells thus #e $an a>ust the $ell
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Internal Interference 5$ue to Ski!67one
+o'erae
Inter%eren$e $ause )y s"i(-one
$o:erage I% the a$tual $ell $o:erage greatly e;$ees
re8uire'ent inter%eren$e #ill )e in$rease. In$orre$t setting o% engineering an
net#or" (ara'eters 'ay lea to s"i(-one
$o:erage.
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Internal Interference 5$ue to Ski!67one
+o'erae Unreasona)le setting o% engineering (ara'eters
rong antenna ty(e o#n-tilt an ai'uth 'ay result
in o:er large $ell $o:erage #hi$h e;$ees a$tual
$o:erage nee
Unreasona)le setting o% net#or" (ara'eters Bet#or" (ara'eters in$lue= 'ini'u' a$$ess le:el
C!S trans'ission (o#er ,S 'a; trans'ission
(o#er hano:er threshols et$. I'(ro(er setting o%
these (ara'eters #ill result in s"i(-one $o:erage(ro)le' an inter%eren$e as #ell
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Internal Interference 5$ue to 8ui!"ent
-ault
Inter%eren$e $ause )y e8ui('ent
%ault=
Raio %ault o% C!S is 'ainly $ause )y
e%e$ti:e UL unit (arts.
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83ternal Interference
5e%inition= *;ternal inter%eren$e re%ers to other inter%eren$es
$ause )y e;ternal %a$tors )ut not ue to e8ui('ent%ault or unreasona)le %re8uen$y (lanning.
6o''on e;ternal inter%eren$es= ue to #ie-)an re(eater&
ue to 65,A syste' Dtrailing signalE&
ue to signal >a''er&
6hara$teristi$=
It
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+ontents
*S, -reuenc llocation
Pheno"ena & +lassification of Interference
-low of /andlin Interference Proble"
naltical ,ethods of Interference Proble"
!ical +ases
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-low of /andlin Interference Proble"
6on%ir'inter%eren$e
range
6he$"
%re8uen$y$hange
%re8uen$y
(oints
*n
Poor
s(ee$h8uality ue
to
inter%eren$e
6he$"
an
$hange
!R
6he$"e;ternal
inter%eren$e
6he$"
GSRHantennaHi:ierHu
(le;er
One cell
Interference
e3ists
One
R9
Interference
e3istsInterference
e3ists
Any ne# sites I% thorough$hange o% %re8uen$y (ara'eters
ta"en re$ently
Se'eral
cells
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+ontents
*S, -reuenc llocation
Pheno"ena & +lassification of Interference
-low of /andlin Interference Proble"
naltical ,ethods of Interference Proble"
!ical +ases
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naltical ,ethods of Interference Proble"
Analyti$al
,ethos o%
Inter%eren$e
Pro)le'
Statisti$al
analysis o%
net#or"
(er%or'an$e
ini$ators
Analysis o%
(ara'eter
$he$"ing
In:estigation
o% har#are
%ault
5ri:e !est
an 5ialing
!est
*;ternal
inter%eren$e
test
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naltical ,ethods of Interference Proble"
6 Statistical nalsis of Network Perfor"ance
IndicatorsStatisti$al analysis o% net#or" (er%or'an$e ini$ators
Statisti$s o% inter%eren$e )an = hen !6/s are in ilestatus UL noiseHinter%eren$e is $onstantly )eing 'easure
)y C!S an the 'easure'ent result #ill )e analye aninter%eren$e le:el #ill )e sent to CS6 in le:els.
Statisti$s o% hano:er ue to ULH5L inter%eren$e = e $an>uge #hether inter%eren$e e;ists through statisti$s o%hano:er $ause )y ULH5L inter%eren$e.
6olle$tion o% ULH5L R@ sa'(les uring s(ee$hes =R;@ual is an ini$ator to re%le$t s(ee$h 8uality #hi$h is)ase on error rate an %alls into graes D0 7E.
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naltical ,ethods of Interference Proble"
6 Statistical nalsis of Network
Perfor"ance Indicators 6orres(oning relation )et#een R;@ual an C*R
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naltical ,ethods of Interference Proble"
6 nalsis of Para"eter +heckin
6he$"
(ara'eters
relate to
trans'itting
(o#er
6he$"
(ara'eters
relate to
trans'itting
(o#er
6he$" antenna
engineering
(ara'eters
6he$" antenna
engineering
(ara'eters
6he$" %re8uen$y
(lanning
(ara'eters
6he$" %re8uen$y
(lanning
(ara'eters
6he$"
(ara'eters
relate to s"i(-
one $o:erage
6he$"
(ara'eters
relate to s"i(-
one $o:erage
Para'eter $he$"ing
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naltical ,ethods of Interference Proble"
6 +heckin hardware fault
6he$"ing har#are %ault
O,6R #arning analysis6he$"ing latent e8ui('ent %ault
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naltical ,ethods of Interference Proble"
6 +heckin 2atent 8ui!"ent -ault
Clo$" the t#o
in(ut #ays o%
!R o)ser:e
UL inter%eren$e
)an& i% it
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naltical ,ethods of Interference Proble"
6 $ri'e est and +all :ualit est
$ri'e est and +all :ualit est 5ri:e test $an e%%e$ti:ely ete$t the lo$ation an
egree o% inter%eren$e #hi$h is $on:enient %or
analying the $ause o% inter%eren$e.
In 6@! #e $an a$tually %eel the s(ee$h 8uality
at areas )eing inter%ere an #e $an see $all
8uality $lass on the test (hone.
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naltical ,ethods of Interference Proble"
6 $ri'e est and +all :ualit est 5! (ara'eters=
6HI= $o-$hannel $arrier-to-inter%eren$e ratio
R3:ual 0 1 ; < = > ? @
6HIJCK 23 19 17 1 13 11 4
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naltical ,ethods of Interference Proble"
6 $ri'e est and +all :ualit est
5! Para'eters= S@I SP**6/ @UALI! IB5* is the $o'(rehensi:e
es$ri(tion o% C*R F*R an /AB5OG*R *G*B! )y !*,S.
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naltical ,ethods of Interference Proble"
6 est of 83ternal Interference
6on%ir' e;ternal inter%eren$e #ith SI!*,AS!*R = !est o% UL inter%eren$e 6onne$t the in(ut (ort o% %re8uen$y-s#ee(
generator to the out(ut (ort o% i:ier to in$reasethe egree o% sensiti:ity as sho#n in the %igure.
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naltical ,ethods of Interference Proble"
6 est of 83ternal Interference 6on%ir' e;ternal inter%eren$e #ith SI!*,AS!*R =
(ersistent strong le:el e;ists #ithin the )an#ith o%
20,/ #e $an $on$lue that serious UL inter%eren$e
e;ists.
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naltical ,ethods of Interference Proble"
6 est of 83ternal Interference
6on%ir' e;ternal inter%eren$e #ith C!20= ,a"e UL inter%eren$e analysis o% +S, 900, UL %re8uen$y )an #ith
%re8uen$y s$anning 'eter-Bet!e" Analyer D!*M $o'(anyE. !he 'oel#e usually use is C!20.
6onne$tion 'etho o% C!20=
One is to use its o#n test antenna
One is to o)tain inter%eren$e in%or'ation through $onne$tion to the
out(ut (ort o% i:ier.
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naltical ,ethods of Interference Proble"
6 est of 83ternal Interference
6onne$tion 'etho using C!20 to test UL inter%eren$e=
Antenna
65U
C! 20
Feeer
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naltical ,ethods of Interference Proble"
6 est of 83ternal Interference a:e gra(h o% UL inter%eren$e teste )y C!20=
!his out(ut is the a:erage :alue o% the test results o% one 'inute #hi$h
sho#s the %re8uen$y an strength o% inter%eren$e. Persistent o)ser:ation
is neee to $on%ir' i% the inter%eren$e $ontinues.
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naltical ,ethods of Interference Proble"
6 est of 83ternal Interference
!i'e s$atter gra(h o% UL inter%eren$e teste )y C!20= !*M %re8uen$y s$anning 'eter %eatures in three i'ensional re$oring o%
ti'e %re8uen$y an signal. !he :erti$al )ol re lines in the gra(h
re(resent the ti'e uration signal le:el strength an %re8uen$y.
:erti$al
a;isNti'e
6olor
s(e$tru'Nstrength
horiontal
a;isN%re8uen$y
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+ontents
*S, -reuenc llocation
Pheno"ena & +lassification of Interference
-low of /andlin Interference Proble"
naltical ,ethods of Interference Proble"
!ical +ases
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!ical +ase 1A Proble" $escri!tion
Sin$e ,ar$h 200 an o(erator has re$ei:e a lot o%
$o'(laints a)out (oor s(ee$h 8uality& so'eti'es
$alls e:en $ouln
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!ical +ase 1A Proble" nalsis
At the
)eginning #e
thought it #as$ause )y
(oor signal.
A%ter on-site
test #e %oun
it #asn
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!ical +ase 1A Proble" /andlin Process
BSte! 1!est UL inter%eren$e #ith C!20 $onne$te to 65U. 65,A #a:e %or'#as strong #hen #a:e %ilter #asn
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!ical +ase 1A Proble" /andlin Process
BSte! 1In the three i'ensional gra(h o% inter%eren$e teste )y C!20 the
65,A #a:e %or' #as strong an the #a:e %or' o% +S, )a$"groun
noise on the right #as high in a long (erio o% ti'e.
I t l U O l
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!ical +ase 1A Proble" /andlin Process
BSte! ;
Use 65,A #a:e %ilter to eli'inate 65,A inter%eren$e.
Anten
na
6o''on
65U
C! 20
Feeer
65,A #a:e
%ilter
Internal Use Only
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!ical +ase 1A Proble" /andlin ProcessB
Ste! ; hen 65,A #a:e %ilter #as ao(te 65,A #a:e %or' #aso):iously #ea"ene )ut it #as still strong at so'e $ertain(oint& the )a$"groun noise in +S, %re8uen$y )an #as also
reu$e.
Internal Use Only
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!ical +ase 1A Proble" /andlin Process
BSte! ;Ce$ause o% 65,A #a:e %ilter the UL inter%eren$e in +S,
%re8uen$y )an reu$e greatly.
Internal Use Only
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!ical +ase 1A Proble" /andlin Process
BSte!