gsm evolution

8/10/2019 Gsm Evolution

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Version 1 Revision 0 O & M of GSM (Alcatel)

123 G MOBILE COMMUNICATION

12.1 INTRODUCTION Wireless Generations

What is IMT-2000

What IMT-2000 offers

e! feat"res an# o$%ectives

Sectr"' for IMT-2000

Technoloies for IMT-2000

Miration aths

"t"re Tren#s

1*+,- 1*,0s 1*0s 1**0s 2000s

Aeare# 1G 2G .G

Analo /iital /iital

M"lti M"lti nifie#

Stan#ar# Stan#ar# Stan#ar#

Terrestrial Terrestrial Terr & Sat

12.2WIRELESS GENERATIONS1 G -analo (cell"lar revol"tion) onl! 'o$ile voice services

2 G - #iital ($reain #iital $arrier) -'ostl! for voice services & #ata #eliver! ossi$le. G - Voice & #ata ($reain #ata $arrier) Mainl! for #ata services 3here voice services 3ill

also $e ossi$le

4e!on# .G Wi#e $an# O/M 54"t s"rel! hiher #ata rates

12.3LIMITATIONS OF 2ND GENERATION SYSTEMS 6o Glo$al stan#ar#s

6o co''on fre7"enc! $an#

8o3 infor'ation $it rates

8o3 voice 7"alit!

6o s"ort of Vi#eo

Vario"s cateories of s!ste's to 'eet secific re7"ire'ents

12.4THIRD GENERATION (3 G ) STANDARD International 'o$ile teleco' 2000 i't-2000

IT9s vision for thir# eneration 'o$ile s!ste'

a f"t"re stan#ar# in 3hich a sinle ine:ensive 'o$ile ter'inal can tr"l! rovi#e

co''"nications an! ti'e an# an! 3here

;rovisionin of these services over 3i#e rane of "ser #ensities an# coverae areas(in-

$"il#in < "r$an < s"$-"r$an< lo$al)

=fficient "se of ra#io sectr"' consistent 3ith rovi#in service at acceta$le costl!

4R4RAITT< >a$al"r< Iss"e# in >"ne-200? 1


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IMT-2000 shall cover alication areas resentl! rovi#e# $! seeratel! s!ste's ie

cell"lar< cor#less an# ain etc

A hih #eree of co''onalit! of #esin 3orl#3i#e

A 'o#"lar str"ct"re 3hich 3ill allo3 the s!ste' to ro3 in si@e an# co'le:it!

Sinle "nifie# stan#ar# (#ata & '"lti'e#ia services) An!3here< an!ti'e co''"nication

Across net3ors< across technoloies< sea'less oeration "sin a s'all ocet ter'inal

3orl#3i#e

ih see# access 1++$Bs< .+ $Bs & 2'$Bs fast 3ireless access to internet

"ll 'otion vi#eohone

Terrestrial & satellite co'onents

=nhance# voice 7"alit!< "$i7"ito"s coverae an# ena$le oerators to rovi#e service at

reasona$le cost

Increase# net3or efficienc! an# caacit!

6e3 voice an# #ata services an# caa$ilities

An or#erl! evol"tion ath fro' 2G to .G s!ste's to rotect invest'ents

12.4.1IMT TECHNOLOGIESIT has finall! narro3e# #o3n technolo! otions to the follo3in fiveC

1 IMT -/S (/irect Srea#) C W-D/MA TRA //

2 IMT -MD (M"lti Darrier) C D/MA 2000

. IMT-TD ( Ti'e Do#e) C T/ -SD/MA TRA T//

+ IMT -SD ( Sinle Darrier ) C WD - 1.,

E IMT-T (re7"enc! Ti'e) C /=DT


IMT-/S IMT-MD IMT-TD IMT-SD IMT-T

WCDMA CDMA2000

1X/3X

T/MAD/MA /MA

CDMA-TDD UWC-13 FDMA/TDMA

DECT

IMT-2000 TERRESTRIALRADIO INTERFACES


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12.4.2IMT-2000 HARMONI!ATION IS ON-GOINGIMT stan#ar#s #evelo'ent involves e:tensive colla$oration $et3een 'an! #ifferent

orani@ations

To#a!9s oerators nee# sea'less 2G .G

Man! oc"s ro"s have $een esta$lishe# $! in#"str! 2 G oerators GSM F D/G a$al"r< Iss"e# in >"ne-200? .

GSM G#RS EDGE

#DC

C$%&O'(

TDMA

IS-13

TDMA/

G#RS

TDMA/

EDGE

C$%& 2000

W CDMA

IMT-2000

D;A48= SGST=MS

2000 E)OL)ED 2G

4-11" *+,

TODAY 2G

1.2 *+,

3G

11"-34 *+, 0.34-2 M+,


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12.EOLUTION FROM GSM TO 3G

12..1GSM EOLUTION

12.EDGE (ENHANCED DATA FOR GSM EOLUTION) 6e:t ste to3ar#s .G for GSMBG;RS 6et3ors

Increase# #ata rate# " to .+ $s $! $"n#lin " to channels of + $sBchannel

G;RS is $ase# on 'o#"lation techni7"e no3n as GMS

=/G= is $ase# on a ne3 'o#"lation sche'e that allo3s a '"ch hiher $it rate across the

air-interface calle# ;S 'o#"lation

Since ;S 3ill $e "se# for MTS< net3or oerators 3ill $e re7"ire# to intro#"ce this

at so'e stae $efore 'iration to .G

4R4RAITT< >a$al"r< Iss"e# in >"ne-200? +

GSM

2G

HSCSD

G#RS

2."G

EDGE

3G

GPRS

200 KHz carrier

115 Kbps peak data rates

EDGE

200 KHz carrier

Data rates up to 384 Kbps

8-PSK odu!atio"

Hi#$er s%bo! rate

&'(S

5 'Hz carrier

2 'bps peak data rates)e* +'(-2000 2 GHz spectru

GS'

200 KHz carrier

8 ,u!!-rate tie s!ots

1 $a!,-rate tie s!ots

GS' GPRS EDGE &'(S

3G2.5G2G

HS/SD

HS/SD

/ircuit-s*itc$ed data

4 Kbps peak data rates


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12..1GSM TO UMTS

12..2GSM TO G#RS TO EDGE TO 3G GSM can $e "ra#e# for hiher #ata rate "to 11E $s thro"h #elo!in G;RS

(General ;acet Ra#io Service) net3orThis re7"ires a##ition of t3o core 'o#"les

SGS6 (Servin G;RS Service 6o#e)

GGS6 (Gate3a! G;RS Service 6o#e)

GSM ra#io access net3or is connecte# to SGS6 thro"h s"ita$le interfaces

G;RS hase-II 3ill s"ort hiher #ata rates " to .+ $s thro"h incororatin

=/G=

( =nhance# /ata Rate for GSM =vol"tion)

4R4RAITT< >a$al"r< Iss"e# in >"ne-200? E

Software

Upgrade0101001010

S/ &p#rade

New

Software

01010101

00

New Software

01010101

00

New Software0101001010

'S/

PS()

S/

(S

SGS)

E"terprise )et*ork

P)

+P

ackbo"e

GGS)

GPRS

0ackbo"e

)e*

odi,ied

router

)e*

Euipe"t

0S/

)e*

(eri"a!

)e* ce!! sites

i" soe cases

'ode

Poo!

0(S

3G

GGS)

1-/D'6

0S/

3G

SGS)

)e*

Euipe"t

7 So,t*are

1-/D'6

0(S

)e*

(eri"a!

E8o!utio" (o 1-/D'6


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12..3GSM TO 3G "rther< to s"ort #ata rates " to 2 M$s< Thir# Generation ra#io access net3or (.G

RA6)

W-D/MA is #elo!e# .G RA6 is connecte# to GSM MSD for circ"it oriente# services

an# to SGS6 for acet oriente# services (internet access) Therefore the 'iration ath

can $e reresente# as C

GSM G;RS W-D/MA

12.MIGRATION SUMMARI!ED In ter's of 'iration of 'a%or 2G s!ste' to .G caa$ilities< there 3o"l# finall! $e .

'o#es of D/MA-$ase# ra#io interfaces (MD-D/MA< W-D/MA an# D/MA-T//) an#

t3o HT/MA $ase# ra#io interfaces (WD-1., an# /=DT)

Donsi#era$le 3or is $ein carrie# o"t in resect of W-D/MA an# D/MA 2000

3orl#3i#e All ="roean co"ntries are e:ecte# to #elo! W-D/MA as the! have

GSM $ase# net3ors While other co"ntries s"ch as >aan< orea< SA etc are liel! to

"se D/MA-2000 or W-D/MA

12.FUTURE TRENDS (3 G TO 4G ONWARDS) 6e3 #ata services< interactive TV an# evolvin Internet $ehavior 3ill infl"ence

'o$ile #ata "sae 8on sessions in al3a!s-on 'o#e 3ill force a re-thin of ra#io access

technolo! to achieve the re7"ire# $"t not eas! to attain caacit! (G$itBsB') at lo3 cost

The i#eas resente# in this article can increase caacit! $! a factor of E00 3ith rear# to

e:ecte# cell"lar #elo!'ents Doverae 3ill $e $ase# on lare "'$rella cells (.G< WiMA)

an# n"'ero"s ;ico cells interconnecte# to rovi#e the "ser 3ith sea'less hih #ata rate

4R4RAITT< >a$al"r< Iss"e# in >"ne-200? ,

GS''S/

PS()9

+SD)GS'

(S

GS'

S/

PD)9e.#. +"ter"et

GPRS

/ore

GPRS

/ore

Gb

+"te#rated

&'(S /ore

+"te#rated

&'(S /ore

&'(S

(S

&'(S

S/

UMTS Access Network

+u-r

Gs

+u

+ubis

:t$er

P;')GS' E!ee"ts

&'(S E!ee"ts

Serice

/reatio"%&'7 '$

sin O/M< it is ossi$le to e:loit the ti'e #o'ain< the sace #o'ain< the

fre7"enc! #o'ain an# even the co#e #o'ain to oti'i@e ra#io channel "sae It ens"res ver!

ro$"st trans'ission in '"lti-ath environ'ents 3ith re#"ce# receiver co'-le:it! As sho3n

in Figure E< the sinal is slit into orthoonal s"$ carriers< on each of 3hich the sinal isJnarro3 $an#K (a fe3 @) an# therefore i''"ne to '"lti-ath effects< rovi#e# a "ar#interval is inserte# $et3een each O/M s!'$ol O/M also rovi#es a fre7"enc! #iversit!

ain< i'rovin the h!sical la!er erfor'ance It is also co'ati$le 3ith other enhance'ent

technoloies< s"ch as s'art antennas an# MIMO O/M 'o#"lation can also $e e'lo!e#

as a '"ltile access technolo! (Orthoonal re7"enc! /ivision M"ltile AccessF O/MA)

In this case< each O/M s!'$ol can trans'it infor'ation toBfro' several "sers "sin a

#ifferent set of s"$carriers (s"$channels) This not onl! rovi#es a##itional fle:i$ilit! for

reso"rce allocation (increasin the caacit!)< $"t also ena$les cross-la!er oti'i@ation of

ra#io lin "sae



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12.11.2 S>?& D>'$ R&$ Soft3are /efine# Ra#io (S/R) $enefits fro' to#a!9s hih rocessin o3er to

#evelo '"lti-$an#< '"lti-stan#ar# $ase stations an# ter'inals Altho"h in f"t"re the

ter'inals 3ill a#at the air interface to the availa$le ra#io access technolo!< at resent this is

#one $! the infra-str"ct"re Several infrastr"ct"re ains are e:ecte# fro' S/R or e:a'lea$al"r< Iss"e# in >"ne-200? 11


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12.11. I'5&a$al"r< Iss"e# in >"ne-200? 12


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the net-3or An e:a'le is sho3n in Figure 8. At the entrance of the access net3or< linesof cache at the #estination of a ter'inal are $"ilt an# store# When a ter'inal enters an area

in 3hich a transfer is ossi$le< it si'l! ass for the line of cache follo3in the last receive#

4et3een the ter'inal an# the cache A si'le< ro$"st an# relia$le rotocol is "se# $et3een

the ter'inal an# the cache for ever! service #elivere# in this t!e of coverae

12.11. M95%$& S87 D58


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ain a$o"t 10 #4 in trans'ission 3ith a reasona$le increase in co'le:it! sin the

#escri$e# technoloies< '"lti'e#ia trans'ission can rovi#e a oo# 7"alit! "ser e:erience

12.11.10 C8&; Doverae is achieve# $! a##in ne3 technoloies (ossi$l! in overla! 'o#e) an#

roressivel! enhancin #ensit! Tae a WiMA #elo!'ent< for e:a'leC first the arentcoverae is #elo!e#F it is then 'a#e #enser $! a##in #iscontin"o"s ;ico cells< after 3hich

the ;ico cell is 'a#e #enser $"t still #iscontin"o"sl! inall! the ico cell cover-ae is 'a#e

contin"o"s either $! "sin MIMO or $! #elo!in another ;ico cell coverae in a #ifferent

fre7"enc! $an# ;arent coverae erfor'ance 'a! var! fro' 1 to 20 $itBsB@B'5< 3hile

;ico cell technolo! can achieve fro' 100 to E00 $itBsB@B'5< #een#in on the co'le:it!

of the ter'inal har#3are an# soft3are These erfor'ances onl! refer to o"t#oor coveraeF

not all the iss"es associate# 3ith in#oor coverae have !et $een resolve# o3ever< in#oor

coverae can $e o$taine# $!C

Direct penetrationF this is onl! ossi$le in lo3 fre7"enc! $an#s (sinificantl! $elo3 1G@) an# re7"ires an e:cess of o3er< 3hich 'a! raise sinificant interference iss"es

Indoor short range radio connecte# to the fi:e# net3or Connection via a relay to a ;ico cell"lar access oint

12.11.11 I';&' ' & B&$+&'$ NGNThe foc"s is no3 on #elo!in an architect"re reali@in converence $et3een the fi:e# an#

'o$ile net3ors (IT-T 4roa#-$an# 6G6 an# =TSI- TIS;A6) This eneric architect"re

interates all service ena$lers (e IMS< net3or selection< 'i##le 3are for alications

rovi#ers)< an# offers a "ni7"e inter-face to alication service rovi#ers

12.12 C'759'The rovision of 'ea$itBs #ata rates to tho"san#s of ra#io an# 'o$ile ter'inals er s7"are

ilo'eter resents several challenes So'e e! technoloies er'it the roressive

intro#"ction of s"ch net3ors 3itho"t %eoar#i@in e:istin invest'ent /isr"tivetechnoloies are nee#e# to achieve hih caacit! at lo3 cost< $"t it can still $e #one in a

roressive 'anner The e! ena$lers areC

S"fficient sectr"'< 3ith associate# sharin 'echanis's

Doverae 3ith t3o technoloiesC arent (2G< .G< WiMA) for real-ti'e #eliver!

gsm evolution

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