gsbug hardware info sig april 11, 2002. 2 gsbug hardware info sig agenda – april 11, 2002 7:00 –...
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GSBUG Hardware Info SIG
April 11, 2002
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April 11, 2002 2
GSBUG Hardware Info SIG
Agenda – April 11, 20027:00 – 7:05 Administration7:05 – 8:15 Featured Topic – System RAM plus
Motherboard Features Beyond Core Logic (Chipsets)8:15 – 8:30 Hardware News8:30 – 8:55 Random Access (Q&A)8:55 – 9:00 Recap, Preview, and Close
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April 11, 2002 3
GSBUG Hardware Info SIG
AdministrationWelcome! Please Sign In.What the SIG is…and is not.
Is – an information resource for computer users and potential computer users
Is NOT – a way to get your computer built or repaired (contact the GSBUG Daytime Hardware SIG)
Log – Random Access/Q&A (First Come…)
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April 11, 2002 4
GSBUG Hardware Info SIG
Administration (continued):Presentation materials will be posted at:http://gsbug.apcug.org
Prior presentation materials are also posted.
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April 11, 2002 5
GSBUG Hardware Info SIG
System RAM “System RAM” – the random access memory (RAM)
used by the CPU for instruction and data purposes. “DRAM” – dynamic RAM (only retains data when
power is applied/refreshed)Primary types:
SDRAM (synchronous DRAM)RDRAM (Rambus DRAM) or DRDRAM (Direct Rambus
DRAM)
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April 11, 2002 6
GSBUG Hardware Info SIGSystem RAM (continued)CAS Latency (CL) – definition per Crucial
Technology (division of Micron): “The amount of time in nanoseconds (often measured in
clock cycles) between a request to read the memory, and when it is actually output. SDRAMs are typically referred to as CL 2 or CL 3, with CL 2 parts being faster.”
Today, frequently also CL 2.5Unbuffered vs Registered vs Registered ECC –
consult your motherboard manual for what you need. For the curious, see http://www.crucial.com/library/glossary.asp
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GSBUG Hardware Info SIG
System RAM (continued)SDRAM
All types with 64-bit wide data pathPC100
100MHz (800MB/sec transfer rate – 8 bytes x 100MHz) 168-pin DIMM
PC133 133MHz (1.06GB/sec transfer rate) Requires 133MHz data bus (chipset support) Supported by all the current SDR SDRAM chipsets 168-pin DIMM
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GSBUG Hardware Info SIG
System RAM (continued)SDRAM (continued)
DDR (double data rate) SDRAM Currently 100/200MHz, 133/266MHz, and 166/333MHz 1.6GB/sec (PC1600), 2.1GB/sec (PC2100), and 2.7GB/sec
(PC2700) transfer rates, respectively Sometimes referred to as PC200, PC266, and PC333 DDR
SDRAM, respectively Requires DDR chipset support – see last presentation (on Core
Logic/Chipsets); varies by chipset 184-pin DIMM
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GSBUG Hardware Info SIG
System RAM (continued)RDRAM
16-bit wide data pathThree speed grades - current:
PC600 (600MHz – 1.2GB/sec transfer rate) – seldom seen PC700 (711MHz – 1.4GB/sec transfer rate) – seldom seen PC800 (800MHz – 1.6GB/sec transfer rate)
PC1066 (1066MHz – 2.1GB/sec) – sampling now184-pin RIMMs (Rambus In-Line Memory Modules)Requires “Continuity RIMM (CRIMM)” in empty sockets
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GSBUG Hardware Info SIG
System RAM (continued)RDRAM (continued)
Compatible chipsets – currently only Intel 850 and 860NOW priced roughly on par (possibly lower than) quality
DDR SDRAM; higher than PC100/PC133Performance – depending on the configuration and
application, faster than other forms of DRAM (PC800 is equivalent to PC3200 DDR SDRAM in max transfer rate – 2 Bytes, 800MHz, dual channel).
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April 11, 2002 11
GSBUG Hardware Info SIGOther Motherboard Features “Slots”
AGP (Accelerated Graphics Port) 32-bits wide, capable of 66MHz(1X) to 266MHz(4X) 264MB/sec (1X) to 1.06GB/sec (4X) transfer rate Video cards only. Brown connector.
PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) - typical 32-bits wide, capable of 33MHz (desktop) 132MB/sec transfer rate (desktop) Used for older video cards; current HDCs, sound cards,
modems, and NICs; various specialty adapters. White connector.
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April 11, 2002 12
GSBUG Hardware Info SIGOther Motherboard Features (continued) “Slots” (continued)
PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) - other 32-bits wide, 66MHz (desktop/server); 64-bit wide, 33 or 66MHz
(workstations and servers) Up to 528MB/sec Used for HDCs, NICs, and some specialty adapters
ISA (Industry Standard Architecture) 16-bits wide, typically capable of 8.33MHz 16MB/sec transfer rate Typical used for older sound cards, modems and NICs Black connector.
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GSBUG Hardware Info SIG
Other Motherboard Features (continued) “Ports”
Serial (1 or 2 ports typ)Parallel (ECP/EPP; 1 port typ)PS/2 (2 ports – keyboard and mouse)
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GSBUG Hardware Info SIG
Other Motherboard Features (continued) “Ports” (continued)
USB (Universal Serial Bus) – chipset dependant Three speed:
Low speed = 1.5Mb/sec (.187MB/sec) – USB 1.1 Full speed = 12Mb/sec (1.5MG/sec) – USB 1.1 High speed = 480 Mb/sec (60MB/sec) – USB 2.0
Attach up to 127 devices – including mice, keyboards, cameras, printers, ZIPs, some HDD, etc.
Number of ports varies – min 2. Combos of USB 1.1 and 2.0. For “outside the box” devices
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GSBUG Hardware Info SIG
Other Motherboard Features (continued) “Ports” (continued)
Audio (sound “card”, down) – line in, line out, mic, joy stick(MIDI port)
Video (for video “card”, down) NIC (network interface “card”, down)
Typically “10/100” (Mb/sec) IEEE 1394 (“firewire”, iLink)
Today provides a maximum 400Mb/sec (50MB/sec) transfer rate (1394-1995). For “outside the box” devices.
Typically used to connect digital video cameras, HDDs.
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April 11, 2002 16
GSBUG Hardware Info SIG
Other Motherboard Features (continued)Other Interfaces, Misc.
Internal connectors – floppy, IDE, SCSIUSB header(s) IrDA (infrared) headerCD-ROM (sound) – 1 or 2Wake-on-LANSMBus (System Management Bus)Fan headers
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April 11, 2002 17
GSBUG Hardware Info SIG
Other Motherboard Features (continued)Other Interfaces, Misc. (continued)
Panel lights (power, HD activity, sleep) & switches (power, reset, sleep)
Jumpers and/or DIP switches (CMOS clear/flash, CPU multiplier, CPU voltage, bus speeds, keyboard power-on, suspend-to-RAM, etc.)
Power (ATX, ATX12V, WTX, proprietary)Show-and-Tell
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April 11, 2002 18
GSBUG Hardware Info SIGHardware NewsProcessors
Intel released the 2.4GHz Pentium 4 – simple line extension.Core Logic (chipsets)
SiS released the SiS 645DX Northbridge – adds DDR333 support to the SiS 645; for Intel P4; “OC” to 533MHz FSB
SiS announced the SiS 648 Northbridge – adds DDR 400 and AGP 8X support to the SiS 645DX.
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April 11, 2002 19
GSBUG Hardware Info SIGHardware News (continued)System RAM – nothing newMotherboards – nothing newGraphics processor & card – nothing newHard Drives – nothing newHard Drive Controllers
Promise announced the FastTrak 2000 – IDE RAID for Ultra ATA/133 hard drives
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April 11, 2002 20
GSBUG Hardware Info SIG
Hardware News (continued)Other Drives
Plextor introduced the PlexCombo 12/10/40-12A drive - 12x10x40 CD-RW with 12X DVD read; ATAPI
TDK introduced 40x12x48 CD-RW drives with ATAPI and USB 2.0 interfacesSound processors & cards – nothing newModems & NICs – nothing newChassis & power supplies – nothing new
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April 11, 2002 21
GSBUG Hardware Info SIG
Random Access (Q&A)
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April 11, 2002 22
GSBUG Hardware Info SIG
Recap, Preview, and CloseRecapPreview
Featured Topic for May 9 – Hard Drives and “Floppies”Close (please police up the area)