gs ep saf 221 - safety rules for buildings & production general specification date: 01/2011 gs...

Exploration & Production

This document is the property of Total. It must not be stored, reproduced or disclosed to others without written authorisation from the Company.

GENERAL SPECIFICATION

SAFETY

GS EP SAF 221

Safety rules for buildings

04 01/2011 Minor changes in appendices 5 & 6

03 10/2009 Complete review and update

02 10/2005 Addition of EP root to document identification

01 10/2003 Change of Group name and logo

00 04/2001 Old TotalFina SP SEC 221

Rev. Date Notes

Owner: EP/HSE Managing entity: EP/HSE


General Specification Date: 01/2011

GS EP SAF 221 Rev: 04


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Contents

1. Scope ....................................................................................................................... 4 1.1 Purpose ............................................................................................................................. 4

1.2 Applicability ........................................................................................................................ 4

2. Reference documents ............................................................................................. 5

3. Terms and Definitions ............................................................................................. 9

4. Buildings in the restricted area ............................................................................ 11 4.1 Pressurization and ventilation .......................................................................................... 11

4.2 Minimisation of ignition sources ....................................................................................... 12

4.3 Fire and Gas detection .................................................................................................... 12

4.4 Blast protection ................................................................................................................ 12

4.5 Passive Fire Protection (PFP) ......................................................................................... 13

4.6 Active Fire Protection ....................................................................................................... 14

4.7 Escape, evacuation and rescue ....................................................................................... 14

5. Safety requirements for electrical equipment .................................................... 15 5.1 General ............................................................................................................................ 15

5.2 Out-of-reach of electrical equipment ................................................................................ 16

5.3 Restriction of access to electrical rooms ......................................................................... 17

5.4 Layout .............................................................................................................................. 18

5.5 First aid ............................................................................................................................ 20

6. Human comfort and health ................................................................................... 20 6.1 Human comfort ................................................................................................................ 20

6.2 Human health .................................................................................................................. 21

7. Safety to life from fire in buildings ...................................................................... 23 7.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 23

7.2 Fundamental requirements .............................................................................................. 23

7.3 Classifications .................................................................................................................. 24

7.4 Means of egress .............................................................................................................. 24

7.5 Fire protection features .................................................................................................... 30

7.6 Smoke control / smoke ventilation ................................................................................... 35





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7.7 Interior finish .................................................................................................................... 37

7.8 Fire detection and fire protection ..................................................................................... 38

8. Communication ..................................................................................................... 40 8.1 General ............................................................................................................................ 40

8.2 Radio room ...................................................................................................................... 40

9. Catering .................................................................................................................. 41 9.1 General ............................................................................................................................ 41

9.2 Kitchen ............................................................................................................................. 41

9.3 Laundry ............................................................................................................................ 42

10. Waste disposal ...................................................................................................... 42 10.1 Sewage ............................................................................................................................ 42

10.2 Waste disposal ................................................................................................................ 43

Appendix 1 Fire class ratings of partitions ............................................................................ 45

Appendix 2 Out-of-reach by position in electrical rooms ....................................................... 46

Appendix 3 Out-of-reach by protection in electrical rooms ................................................... 47

Appendix 4 Admissible displacement and vibrations ............................................................ 50

Appendix 5 Maximum noise limits......................................................................................... 52

Appendix 6 Noise exposure limit values specific to personnel protection at the work place 53

Appendix 7 Potable water specification ................................................................................ 54





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1. Scope

1.1 Purpose The purpose of this General Specification is to define the safety requirements and recommendations for buildings used in the hydrocarbon production and processing industry.

This document covers four main classes of requirements related to:

• The safety of buildings inside the restricted area

• The safety requirements for electrical equipment inside the buildings

• The safety requirements to comply with during the design of buildings to preserve human life in case of a fire

• The safety of buildings where humans are accommodated.

1.2 Applicability This specification is not retroactive.

It shall apply to new installations and to major modifications or extensions of existing installations.

This specification applies to onshore and offshore installations with the exception of chapter 7, which is only valid for onshore buildings.

For offshore buildings IMO SOLAS (2004 edition) and subsequent amendments shall apply.

This specification is limited to buildings for occupancies commonly used by Company, such as small assemblies, hotels and lodgings (respectively large and small living quarters), offices (business), industrial and storage enclosures. It also covers buildings containing electrical equipment and special equipment such as gas turbines, enclosed process units and internal combustion engines (refer also to GS EP SAF 222).

This specification does not cover other types of buildings which are not commonly encountered on facilities operated by Company, e.g. large assemblies, buildings where occupants are not physically or mentally capable, apartment buildings, family dwellings, mercantile where public can access and high-rise buildings.

The present document should not be considered as a substitute for proper design, specification, construction, security, inspection and maintenance of buildings. It does not cover, in particular:

• The design and construction requirements for building and utilities located outside the restricted area (refer to GS EP CIV 401)

• The safety requirements for the layout of installations, both onshore and offshore (refer to GS EP SAF 021 and GS EP SAF 253)

• The assessment of the type & degree of the ventilation and the need of pressurization systems (refer to GS EP SAF 216)

• The basis of HVAC design (refer to GS EP HVA 100)

• The principles of the partition of the installation into fire zones (refer to GS EP SAF 253)

• The characteristics of automatic Fire & Gas detection systems (refer to GS EP SAF 312)





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• The safety requirements for the emergency control systems (refer to GS EP SAF 371).

• The design and installation of Active Fire Protection means (refer to GS EP SAF 311, GS EP SAF 321, GS EP SAF 322, GS EP SAF 331 and GS EP SAF 334)

• The use of Passive Fire Protection means (refer to GS EP SAF 337)

• The Escape, Evacuation and Rescue means and procedures (refer to GS EP SAF 351).

2. Reference documents The reference documents listed below form an integral part of this General Specification. Unless otherwise stipulated, the applicable version of these documents, including relevant appendices and supplements, is the latest revision published at the EFFECTIVE DATE of the CONTRACT.

Standards

Reference Title

ISO 9612 Acoustics- Determination of occupational noise exposure-Engineering method

ISO 13702 Petroleum and natural gas industries – Control and mitigation of fires and explosions on offshore production installations – Requirements and guidelines

Professional Documents

Reference Title

ANSI Z358.1-04 American National Standard for Emergency Eyewash and Shower Equipment

API RP 14G Recommended Practice for Fire Prevention and Control on Fixed Open-type Offshore Production Platforms

ASME/ANSI A17.1 Safety Code for Elevators and Escalators

ASTM E84-09a Standard Test Method for surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials

ASTM E136-09 Standard Test Method for Behaviour of Materials in a Vertical Tube Furnace at 750°C

ASTM F1322-90 Standard Guide for Selection of Shipboard Incinerators

ASTM F 1323 Standard Specification for Shipboard Incinerators

DOE (ISBN 0-11-412961) Offshore Installations: Guidance on design, construction and certification. Health and Safety Executive (previously DOE Department Of Energy), Great Britain, 3rd edition, H.M.S.O London, 1990 - (amendments of 06/1992 and 06-12/1993)

ILO R164 Occupational Safety and Health Recommendation, International Labour Organisation, 22 June 1981





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Reference Title

IMO MODU Code Code for the Construction and Equipment of Mobile Offshore Drilling Units, International Maritime Organisation, (Cons. 2001).

IP 15 Area Classification Code for Installations handling Flammable Fluids: Part 15 of the IP Mode Code of Safe Practice in the Petroleum Industry, 3rd edition, July 2005

NFPA 10 Standard for Portable Fire Extinguishers

NFPA 13 Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems

NFPA 14 Standard for the Installation of Standpipe and Hose Systems

NFPA 17 Standard for Dry Chemical Extinguishing Systems

NFPA 31 Standard for the Installation of Oil-Burning Equipment

NFPA 54 National Fuel Gas Code

NFPA 58 Liquefied Petroleum Gas Code

NFPA 70E Standard for Electrical Safety in the Workplace

NFPA 80 Standard for Fire Doors and other Opening Protectives

NFPA 82 Standard on Incinerators, Waste and Linen Handling Systems and Equipment

NFPA 90A Standard for Installation of Air Conditioning and Ventilating Systems

NFPA 92A Standard for Smoke-Control Systems utilizing barriers and pressure differences

NFPA 101 Life Safety Code

NFPA 220 Standard on Types of Building Construction

NFPA 251 Standard Methods of Tests of Fire Resistance of Building Construction and Materials

NFPA 252 Standard Methods of Fire Tests of Door Assemblies

NFPA 253 Standard Method of Test for Critical Radiant Flux of Floor Covering Systems Using a Radiant Heat Energy Source

NFPA 255 Standard Method of Test of Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials

NFPA 257 Standard on Fire Tests of Window and Glass Block Assemblies

NFPA 259 Standard Test Method for Potential Heat of Building Materials

NFPA 265 Standard Methods of Fire Tests for Evaluating Room Fire Growth Contribution of Textile Coverings on Full Height Panels and Walls

NFPA 703 Standard for Fire-Retardant treated Wood and Fire-Retardant Coatings for Buildings Materials





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Regulations

Reference Title

Directive 96/82/EC Council Directive 96/82/EC of 9 December 1996 on the control of major – accident hazards involving dangerous substances

Directive 98/83/EC Council Directive 98/83/CE of 3 November 1998 on the quality of water intended for human consumption

Directive 2003/10/EC Council Directive 2003/10/EC of 6 February 2003 on the minimum health and safety requirements regarding the exposure of workers to the risks arising from physical agents (noise)

Decree no. 88-1056 (French Regulation)

Décret pris pour l'exécution des dispositions du livre II du code du travail (titre III: Hygiène, sécurité et conditions du travail) en ce qui concerne la protection des travailleurs dans les établissements qui mettent en œuvre des courants électriques, 24 novembre 1988

Decree no. 95-607 (French Regulation)

Liste des prescriptions réglementaires que doivent respecter les travailleurs indépendants ainsi que les employeurs lorsqu’ils exercent directement une activité sur un chantier du bâtiment ou de génie civil, 6 mai 1995

IMO MARPOL 73/78 International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973, as modified by the Protocol of 1978 relating thereto (MARPOL)" and subsequent amendments

IMO SOLAS International Convention for the Safety Of Life At Sea (SOLAS), 1974 and subsequent amendments

Codes

Reference Title

Not applicable

Other documents

Reference Title

ASCE Journal Human Response to Motions in Tall Buildings, Fu-Kuei-Chang, Journal of the Structural Division, Vol 99, N°6, June 1973





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Total General Specifications

Reference Title

GS EP CIV 401 Minimum requirements for buildings design and construction

GS EP CIV 403 Temporary construction camps and associated facilities (onshore)

GS EP COR 353 Design and application of passive fire protection coatings

GS EP ELE 081 Lighting

GS EP ENV 001 Environmental requirements for Projects Design and E&P Activities

GS EP ENV 421 Landfill design and operation for E&P sites

GS EP HVA 100 HVAC Basis of design

GS EP MED 060 Onsite medical structures

GS EP MED 061 Medical support for E&P sites

GS EP MED 062 Hygiene in onshore bases and offshore living quarters

GS EP SAF 021 Layout

GS EP SAF 216 Area classification

GS EP SAF 222 Safety rules for turbines, diesel engines, gas engines and process units in sheltered or enclosed areas

GS EP SAF 227 Safety rules for fired heaters

GS EP SAF 228 Liquid drainage

GS EP SAF 253 Impacted area, restricted area and fire zones

GS EP SAF 261 Emergency Shut-Down and Emergency De-Pressurisation (ESD & EDP)

GS EP SAF 262 Pressure protection relief and hydrocarbon disposal systems

GS EP SAF 311 Rules for the selection of fire-fighting systems

GS EP SAF 312 Fire and Gas detection systems

GS EP SAF 321 Fire pump stations and fire water mains

GS EP SAF 322 Fixed fire water systems

GS EP SAF 331 Carbon dioxide fire extinguishing systems

GS EP SAF 332 Water mist and gaseous fixed fire extinguishing systems

GS EP SAF 334 Foam fire extinguishing systems

GS EP SAF 337 Passive Fire Protection: Basis of design

GS EP SAF 351 Escape, evacuation and rescue from fixed installations

GS EP SAF 371 Emergency control facilities





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3. Terms and Definitions There are three types of statements in this General Specification: “shall”, “should” and “may”. They shall be understood as follows:

Shall Is to be understood as mandatory. Any deviation from a “shall” statement requires a derogation approved by the Company.

Should Is to be understood as strongly recommended to comply with the requirements of the specification. Alternatives shall provide a similar level of protection and this shall be documented.

May Is used where alternatives are equally acceptable. For the purpose of this document only, the following terms and definitions apply:

Active Fire Protection (AFP) Equipment, systems and methods which, following initiation may be used to control, mitigate and extinguish fires (ISO 13702).

Authority Having Jurisdiction Organisation, agency or individual responsible for approving an equipment, an installation or a procedure (NFPA 101).

Buildings Any structure used or intended for supporting or sheltering any use of occupancy (NFPA 101).

Continuous grade release Release that is continuous or nearly so (IP 15). A release shall be considered as continuous if it is likely to be present for more than 1000 hours per year.

Credible event Incident likely to occur within a concerned area. Used for the definition of fire zones. Consequences corresponding to a credible event of a given fire zone shall not impact other fire zones (Company).

Escape Act of personnel moving away from a hazardous event to a place where its effects are reduced or removed (ISO 13702).

Evacuation Planned method of leaving the installation in an emergency (ISO 13702).

Fire and Gas system Safety system which monitors the temperature or the energy flux (fire), the concentration of flammable or toxic gases (gas), and initiates relevant actions (alarm, ESD, EDP active fire-fighting, electrical isolation, etc.) at pre-determined levels (Company).

Fuel source Same as ISO 13702 definition of "source of release": point from which flammable gas, liquid or a combination of both can be released into the atmosphere.

Hazardous Area / Zone • Zone 0: part of a hazardous area in which a flammable atmosphere is continuously present, or present for long periods (IP 15).





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• Zone 1: part of the hazardous area in which a flammable atmosphere is likely to occur in normal operation (IP 15).

• Zone 2: part of the hazardous area in which a flammable atmosphere is not likely to occur in normal operation and, if it occurs, will only exist for a short period (IP 15).

Ignition source Source of temperature and energy sufficient to initiate combustion (API RP 14G).

Installation Technical unit in which dangerous substances are produced, used, handled or stored, including all the equipment, structures, pipework, machinery, tools, private railway sidings, docks, unloading quays serving the installation, jetties, warehouses or similar structures, floating or otherwise, necessary for the operation of the installation (Company from Directive 96/82/EC).

Muster area Designated area where personnel gather and report when required to do so (Company from ISO 13702).

PAGA Abbreviation for Public Address and General Alarm.

Passive Fire Protection (PFP) Coating, cladding arrangements or a free standing system which in the event of fire will provide thermal protection to the substrate to which it is attached or to the protected area and does so independently of a requirement for human, mechanical or other intervention to initiate a response (Company from ISO 13702 and API RP 14G).

Primary grade release Release that is likely to occur in normal operation. A release shall be considered as primary grade if it is likely to be present between 10 and 1000 hours per year (IP 15).

Rescue Process by which those who, in an emergency situation, have been injured, and/or have been blocked in the escape ways, and/or have evacuated the installation by unusual means, are re-trieved to a place where medical assistance is available (Company).

Restricted area Area within the boundaries of the installation, and hence under the control of the Company, which is affected permanently by normal operation of the facility or exceptionally by the consequences of an emergency situation caused by a major failure (Company).

Secondary grade release Release that is unlikely to occur in normal operation and, in any event, will be of short duration. A release shall be considered as secondary grade if it is likely to be present less than 10 hours per year (IP 15).

Source of release Point from which flammable gas, liquid or a combination of both can be released into the atmosphere (ISO 13702).





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Ventilation Adequate: ventilation, natural, mechanical or a combination of both, sufficient to avoid persistence of flammable atmosphere within sheltered or enclosed area but insufficient to avoid their initial formation or spread throughout the area (IP 15).

Dilution: mechanical ventilation sufficient to maintain generally as non-hazardous an enclosed area containing a source of release or an aperture into a hazardous area (IP 15).

4. Buildings in the restricted area This chapter does not include “confined spaces”, such as pressure vessels or hulls.

4.1 Pressurization and ventilation

4.1.1 Pressurization Buildings such as control rooms, technical rooms, electrical rooms or workshops surrounded by a hazardous area and containing ignition sources shall be pressurized (overpressure protection).

It is recommended that buildings, not surrounded by a hazardous area but that can be reached by a flammable gas cloud in case of leak corresponding to the credible events (as defined in the Safety Concept), are critically reviewed to determine whether they ought to be pressurized or not.

This assessment shall be conducted on a case by case basis.

4.1.2 Ventilation Any building containing a fuel source and/or any contaminating agent, or in connection with a hazardous area, shall be ventilated as follows:

• Buildings containing a continuous or primary grade release shall be provided with adequate ventilation.

• Buildings containing a continuous or primary grade release or in connection with a hazardous area, zone 1, shall be provided with dilution ventilation (typical examples: battery room, fume cupboards in the laboratory).

Buildings containing a secondary source of release or in connection with a hazardous area (zone 2) shall be either adequately ventilated if it is acceptable that they remain classified zone 2 (typical examples: compressors buildings, enclosed process units protected against rough weather conditions) or provided with dilution ventilation if they shall be rendered non-hazardous (typical examples: gas turbine or gas engines fume cupboards).

Buildings containing a secondary grade release or in connection with a hazardous area, zone 2, and provided with an inadequate ventilation, shall be classified as zone 1.

For further details, refer to GS EP SAF 216.





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4.1.3 Cooling ventilation Buildings containing ignition or heat sources, either inside or outside the restricted area, such as machinery, engines skids or fired process equipment shall be equipped with a cooling ventilation system. For further details, refer to GS EP SAF 222.

4.2 Minimisation of ignition sources

4.2.1 Passive and design considerations All potential ignition sources(1)

in buildings shall be identified and minimised in their number, gathered and located away from the potential fuel sources. For further details, refer to GS EP SAF 021 and GS EP SAF 216. Note 1: Typical examples of potential ignition sources are chemical reactions, electric sparks and arcs, static electrical sparks, flames, heats of compression or hot surfaces.

4.2.2 Active devices Any potential source of ignition within the restricted area shall be under control.

Where passive considerations listed in section 4.2.1 cannot result in a sufficient risk reduction, active devices consisting in a gas detection system (refer to GS EP SAF 312) and/or an Emergency Shut Down (ESD) system (refer to GS EP SAF 261) shall be implemented in order to isolate or cool down the ignition sources in case of fuel leakage.

4.3 Fire and Gas detection The following three general rules shall apply to buildings:

• A gas detection system shall be installed in any part of a building where there is a significant risk of occurrence of hydrocarbon or toxic gas leakage or accumulation, either by flammable gas leakage and/or hydrocarbon liquid spillage which may flash leading to unacceptable risks for human life, assets or environment. Furthermore toxic gas detectors shall be installed in the air intakes of premises, where personnel may be present, even outside the restricted area (e.g. large administrative buildings in onshore plants, etc.).

• A fire detection system shall be installed in any part of a building where there is a significant risk of occurrence of fire leading to unacceptable risks for human life, assets or environment; likewise a fixed smoke detection system shall be installed in the HVAC air inlet duct, upstream of the damper, even outside the restricted area.

• In order to adequately close the damper, special considerations should be taken for the Fire & Gas and HVAC systems to react. This could be achieved in two ways:

- either by providing an increased inlet duct length

- or by lowering the thresholds settings for the gas detectors.

• Manual alarm call points shall be provided at each exit door of buildings.


4.4 Blast protection Any manned buildings or buildings containing critical equipment shall be designed against the blast overpressure resulting from the credible events.





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Concerning explosion scenario, method of calculation and criteria for blast protection, refer to GS EP SAF 253.

Buildings shall be located according to the criteria of the GS EP SAF 253 and GS EP SAF 021.

As a general rule, unless otherwise stipulated by local regulations or specified in the Safety Concept, buildings should follow the guidelines hereafter. Risks shall be minimised as follows:

• The doors should be located on the side opposite to the most likely blast pressure

• The windows shall not be located on the sides where blast pressure is likely

• Any window should be of a suitable type

• The roof shall be designed in such a way it cannot collapse on occupants

• Storage of objects above head should be limited.

As a consequence, these buildings shall not be considered as Temporary Refuges. Temporary Refuges, if any in the restricted area, shall be blast-proofed.

4.5 Passive Fire Protection (PFP)

4.5.1 Applicability to buildings This section deals only with fires outside buildings (where a fire hazard can be inside the building, the requirements developed in chapter 7 shall also apply).

4.5.2 General rule Groups of equipment that cannot be segregated by position (e.g. highly congested offshore installations) shall be separated by firewalls that can withstand the effects of an explosion and then conserve their specified fire ratings.


4.5.3 Materials Refer to GS EP SAF 337 and GS EP COR 353.

4.5.4 Fire zones Accommodations shall be in a different fire zone from production, processing, transportation or storage facilities.

Boundaries separating the accommodation area from other fire zones (if close to) shall be at least A60-class divisions and, where the risk of hydrocarbon fire exists, H120-class or J rating class divisions (depending on the risk). Refer to appendix 1.

Similar provisions shall be afforded to spaces necessary for Escape, Evacuation and Rescue (escape routes, temporary refuges, muster areas, embarkation posts) and spaces involved in Emergency Response (e.g. control room, emergency station, essential switch-room or fire pumps enclosures).

4.5.5 Other requirements inside the buildings Buildings shall:

• maintain their integrity during a fire (see sections 7.5.1 and 7.5.3)





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• be subdivided into compartments in such a way to limit the spread of fire and smoke (see section 7.5.4)

• not contain materials propagating flame or developing excessive smoke (see section 7.5.2).

4.6 Active Fire Protection

4.6.1 Fire scenario The fire scenarios shall be defined in the Safety Concept and are dealing only with fire sources external to the building. Where fire sources are internal to the building, refer to chapter 7 for the generic case where humans are accommodated.

4.6.2 Method of calculation The calculation methods for fire radiation shall be defined as per GS EP SAF 253.

Two models shall be considered: jet fire and pool fire.

Computations shall be conducted by Company's safety engineers or by third parties placed under their direct supervision.

4.6.3 Criteria Unless otherwise specified in the Safety Concept, the default value of 4.7 kW/m2

(1484 BTU/hr/ft2) shall be considered as the maximum radiation level to the building outside the restricted area.

For buildings inside the restricted area, firewalls and adequate protection are required.

The different radiation levels are developed in GS EP SAF 253 and GS EP SAF 262.

4.6.4 Recommended solutions Where PFP measures listed in section 4.5 cannot result in a sufficient risk reduction, an AFP system coupled to an automatic fire detection system (refer to GS EP SAF 312) shall be implemented.

It shall provide protection (e.g. water curtain reducing the radiation level or cooling the structure) and fight the fire in the concerned fire zone.

For further details, refer to GS EP SAF 311, GS EP SAF 321, GS EP SAF 322, GS EP SAF 331 and GS EP SAF 334.

4.7 Escape, evacuation and rescue The requirements for the Escape, Evacuation and Rescue of personnel from buildings are dealt with in GS EP SAF 351. These requirements are not to be confused with dispositions required for egress from buildings outside the restricted area (see section 7.4).





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5. Safety requirements for electrical equipment

5.1 General

5.1.1 Purpose The purpose of this section is to define the requirements to be applied to avoid any accidental contact between humans and energised equipment and/or conductors under voltage. It is intended to supplement and clarify existing French Regulations rather than replacing existing codes, standards and recommended practices.

5.1.2 Scope and limitation of use This section should not be considered as a substitute for proper design, specification, commissioning or operation of electrical equipment. It includes:

• the principles of classification of electrical equipment (see section 5.1.6)

• the safety principles to make non-qualified personnel out-of-reach of energized equipment and/or conductors (see section 5.2)

• the principles of restriction of access to electrical rooms (see section 5.3)

• the layout and protection requirements in electrical rooms (see section 5.4)

• the first aid devices requirements (see section 5.5).

5.1.3 Reference documents In the absence of more stringent local regulations or particular specifications, this chapter refers to the Decree no. 88-1056 amended by the Decree no. 95-607.

In some countries where American standards are applicable, the reference document is NFPA 70E. This document is not further mentioned in this section.

5.1.4 Classification of people

• Personnel: human beings from Company, assigned to the installation, and at work inside the restricted area of the installation

• Contractors: human beings and organizations outside Company, at work inside the restricted area of the installation

• Visitors: human beings not assigned to the installation and not at work, but inside the restricted area of the installation

• Public: human beings, flora, fauna, installations and organizations outside the restricted area of the installation.

5.1.5 Qualification of parties

• Authorised person: human being allowed to access to a restricted room or area

• Designated person: member of personnel who is specifically and in writing authorised by, or on behalf of the Installation Manager, to access to a restricted room or area and perform particular duties





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• Manager (of the installation): member of personnel who is responsible, onsite, of the installation and of the safety of people

• Qualified people or organizations: individuals and/or organizations able, through training, experience or both, to perform particular duties safely

• Trained personnel: individuals or groups in the process of gaining, or having gained, through series of training sessions, the ability to perform particular duties safely.

5.1.6 Classification of material Table 1: Level of voltage

Terminology Decree no. 88-1056 AC (Volts) DC (Volts)

VLV TBT U ≤ 50 U ≤ 120 LV BTA 50 < U ≤ 500 120 < U ≤ 750 MV BTB 500 < U ≤ 50 000 750 < U ≤ 1500

HV HTA HTB

U > 50 000 1500 < U ≤ 75000

U > 75000

5.2 Out-of-reach of electrical equipment

5.2.1 The different methods of out-of-reach Under normal operating conditions, in any working place within the installation, there shall be no conductive piece which may be under voltage within the reach of personnel, Contractors or visitors.

Note: this requirement prohibits the use of contact lines for the powering of e.g. gantry cranes or trolleys in the installation. It also applies to neutral conductors and grounding conductors.

This requirement can be achieved by:

• out-of-reach by position and safety distances, or

• out-of-reach by protection, or

• out-of-reach by isolation of conductors, or

• any combination of these.

It is, however, inevitable that some equipment cannot meet this requirement in abnormal operations such as maintenance, inspection or modification works.

Then, electrical equipment shall be:

• Properly segregated between VLV, LV, MV and HV levels of voltage

• Installed in dedicated electrical rooms with access restrictions (see section 5.3).

5.2.2 Out-of-reach by position and safety distances If out-of-reach is only achieved by position and safety distance, the safety distance shall be established taking into account objects that personnel can normally handle in the workplace.

The permanence of the safety distance shall be guaranteed by adequate sizing and design of the surrounding pieces of structure to prevent weakening, fall or collapse.





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5.2.3 Out-of-reach by protection If out-of-reach is achieved by protection, the permanent effectiveness of the protections shall be ensured by their design, dimensions, sitting, strength, stability, and isolation, considering the normal constraints they may be exposed to.

Protection can be made of partitions or doors which can be of plain material, perforated with holes, expanded metal guarding or latticework. In the last three cases, the size of the holes or the mesh shall not jeopardize the protection.

For VLV or LV equipment, the protections can be removed with the equipment under power for abnormal operations of short duration such as maintenance, inspection, minor modifications, providing a specific operating procedure has been given by a Supplier, a Vendor or Engineering, and approved by the Company. For MV and HV equipment, it shall be prohibited and/or made physically impossible to remove the protection before de-energising the equipment or conductors under voltage.

If a protection can be removed without any tool, a notice shall be adequately posted to remind this prohibition:

• For MV voltage, the equipment and conductors shall be automatically de-energised by the removal of the protection and/or be protected by a key-locked protection

• For HV voltage, the equipment and conductors shall be protected by a key-locked protection and the removal of the protection shall be made physically impossible if the equipment has not been de-energised.

The use of keys shall be limited to personnel specifically designated by, or on behalf of, the Installation Manager.

5.2.4 Out-of-reach by isolation of conductors If out-of-reach is achieved by isolation, the permanent effectiveness of the isolation shall be ensured by an adequate design, considering the risks of damage (e.g. mechanical constraints, friction, shocks or chemical actions) they can be exposed to during the whole lifetime of the installation.

5.3 Restriction of access to electrical rooms The rooms, or more generally, the working areas containing the equipment listed below shall be delimited, and of restricted access:

• Production, conversion and distribution systems of electrical power (see sections 5.4.1 to 5.4.4)

• Electrical equipment workshops and testing facilities (see section 5.4.5)

• Equipment handling a large quantity of dielectric liquids (see section 5.4.6)

• Instrument technical rooms and testing facilities

• Telecommunication equipment rooms

The access to these rooms or working areas can be authorised only to:

a) personnel specifically designated by, or on behalf of the Installation Manager, and adequately trained, including qualified Contractors;





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b) in case of necessity, other personnel, Contractors or visitors who have been briefed and under the permanent responsibility of, and accompanied by the personnel detailed in a).

These rooms or working areas shall meet the following requirements:

• Notices shall be posted on doors and access ways to remind the hazard and the prohibition of entry or access of non-authorised people

• Rooms containing HV equipment shall be key-locked outdoor but allowing in any case an easy escape from indoor

• Working area surrounding the electrical equipment shall be of sufficient dimensions to allow easy and safe works; it shall never be used as a way or a storage area.

5.4 Layout

5.4.1 Out-of-reach by position and safety distances The minimum heights above ways for equipment or live conductors are (refer to appendix 2):

• LV: 230 cm above ways

• MV: 230 cm above ways

• HV: 200 + U cm above ways, U (kV) and 250 cm minimum.

5.4.2 Out-of-reach by protection

• LV (refer to appendix 3 – fig. 2):

- Minimum dimensions of protection: 20 cm beyond equipment

- Minimum distance between protection and conductors: 5cm if plain and rigid protection, 10 cm otherwise

- Minimum width of way around protection: 60 cm.

• MV (refer to appendix 3 – fig. 2)

- Minimum height of protection: 200 cm above way

- Minimum dimensions of protection: 50 cm minimum

- Minimum distance between protection and conductors: 20 cm


• HV (refer to appendix 3 – fig. 2)

- Minimum height of protection: 200 cm above way if U < 57 kV, 230 cm above way if U ≥ 57 kV

- Minimum dimensions of protection: U (kV) cm beyond equipment, 50 cm minimum

- Minimum distance between protection and conductors: 30 cm if U ≤ 57 kV, U (kV) cm if U > 57 kV






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5.4.3 Possible exception for LV equipment For LV equipment, the conductors under voltage in the restricted access rooms may not be protected nor isolated, provided the working area around the equipment meets the following dimensions requirements (refer to appendix 3 – fig. 3):

• Minimum height: 200 cm

• Minimum width:

- Equipment on one single side: 80 cm

- Equipment on both sides: 120 cm.

In addition, an isolating floor shall be installed (refer to appendix 3 – fig. 3):

• In front of LV distribution panels with conductors under voltage which are not protected nor isolated; the minimum width of the isolating floor shall be 100 cm

• Around sets of batteries whose total voltage exceeds 150 V.

Furthermore, sets of batteries whose total voltage exceeds 150 V shall be laid down such as an individual cannot reach simultaneously two conductors whose differential voltage exceeds 150 V.

5.4.4 Alternate solution for HV equipment For HV equipment, the protection can consist of handrails at a minimum horizontal distance of 200 cm. The access to the handrails shall be limited to the personnel specifically designated by, or on behalf of the Installation Manager, and adequately trained (see section 5.3).

The minimum width of way around handrails shall be 80 cm, and by derogation it can be reduced down to 60 cm for elevated platforms (refer to appendix 3 – fig. 4).

5.4.5 Electrical equipment workshops and testing facilities Derogation to the general requirements for production, conversion and distribution of electrical power (as specified above in sections 5.4.1 to 5.4.4) for rooms, or more generally, working areas, containing electrical equipment workshops or testing facilities for electrical equipment are possible only if the following conditions are fulfilled:

• Reaching the naked conductors under voltage shall be limited to personnel specifically designated by, or on behalf of the Installation Manager

• Each testing bench or working place shall be delimited and marked

• Particular safety instructions shall define the access to these rooms or working areas, and the operating test procedures.

5.4.6 Equipment containing dielectric liquids Any equipment or set of equipment containing more than 25 litres of combustible dielectric liquids shall be installed in a room or, more generally, a working area whose access is restricted to authorised people.

These rooms and working area shall be provided with a combination of:

• Alarm or shutdown in case of high temperature or boiling of liquids





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• Recovery of leaking dielectric fluids

• Availability of clean and dry sand

• Portable fire-fighting means

• Absence of combustible materials around.

In the absence of local regulations or a particular specification, the applicable documents shall be the Decree no. 88-1056 amended by the Decree no. 95-607.

5.5 First aid The personnel authorised to access electrical rooms (see section 5.3) shall be trained in first aid of people shocked, burnt, or fallen down after a contact with electrical equipment.

A particular safety instruction shall define these first aid methods.

A notice, summarising first aid methods, shall be posted on the doors or on any electrical room or working area.

A first aid kit shall be easily accessible to each room or working area.

6. Human comfort and health

6.1 Human comfort

6.1.1 Protection from wind Personnel working routinely in heavy winds environments and personnel working for sustained periods of time in windy environments, shall be, as far as practicable, protected from the effects of wind.

6.1.2 Horizontal displacements and accelerations In offshore manned installations, the rigidity of the structure shall be such that the horizontal displacements with a frequency lower than 1Hz are not "perceptible" in sleeping areas, not "disagreeable" in working areas where personnel stay for sustained times, and on main ways, not "very disagreeable" in working areas where personnel can normally be, and on secondary ways.

Places where horizontal movements are "intolerable" shall be restricted to trained personnel having a specific work permit. See appendix 4.

6.1.3 Noise Unless otherwise stipulated by local regulations and/or in the Safety Concept, the maximum noise limits shall be as per appendix 5.

Where the maximum limits cannot be practically met, exceptions are possible provided that, at least, one of the following conditions is fulfilled:

• the area has a restricted access (e.g. machinery)

• the excessive noise is only intermittent (helidecks)

• the excessive noise is caused by emergency conditions only (release from PSV’s and BDV’s).





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The exposure of personnel to noise at the work place shall be carefully taken into account, considering the exposure threshold values given in appendix 6.

To make sure the future working area meets these requirements, a provisional noise map highlighting areas according to these thresholds should be carried out.

Two rooms with very different noise levels should not be adjoining each other. In large living quarters with several floors, the accommodations shall be arranged so that any room is in connection with rooms of the same noise level, or just higher or just lower.

A typical arrangement of floors in offshore living quarters is, from top to bottom:

• Helideck (intermittent heavy noise)

• Logistics and recreation (quite noisy)

• Offices and bedrooms (low noise)

• Change rooms, kitchen, dining room (quite noisy)

• Utilities (high noise).

6.1.4 Vibrations In offshore manned installations, the horizontal vibrations γh and vertical vibrations γz with frequency ranges from 1 Hz to 80 Hz shall comply with levels indicated in appendix 4.

When the maximum allowable vibration has been defined, the exposure periods to high vibration levels shall be restricted as per table 23 in appendix 4.

6.1.5 Accommodations Personnel not working in a day-shift shall rest and sleep in bedrooms that remain low-noise during day activities and, in particular, are not exposed to traffic noise and vibrations.

The arrangement of a particular day-sleeping area in the accommodations shall be provided if relevant.

6.2 Human health

6.2.1 The need for human health Disease or unavailability of personnel result in their poor physical and intellectual performance, and in subsequent working over-load for other personnel. Furthermore, diseases constitute an important cause for sanitary evacuations with all the problems they entail. Health is therefore an essential feature in oil and gas installations where personnel are accommodated.

A clinic (or at least a sick bay) is mandatory on all installations. The minimum requirements for a clinic or a sick bay are developed in GS EP MED 060 and GS EP CIV 403.

6.2.2 The conditions of human health Adequate human health conditions are provided by a combination of means and preventive measures such as:

• Periodic medical visits (not covered by this document)

• Periodic training for specific jobs (not covered by this document)





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• Physical limitations with sex, age and ambient conditions (not covered by this document)

• Working time limitations (not covered by this document)

• Clinics or a sick bay on the installations: tools and drugs (refer to GS EP MED 060 and GS EP CIV 403)

• Physician or nurse on the installations (refer to GS EP MED 060 and GS EP MED 061)

• Hygiene (refer to section 6.2.3)

• Prevention of infections on site: HVAC, food, water (refer to sections 6.2.4 to 6.2.6).

• Toxic products (not covered by this document)

• Eye-wash stations and Emergency Showers shall be in accordance with the requirements of ANSI Z358.1-04 with flushing water temperature between 15°C and 38°C.

6.2.3 Hygiene The buildings shall be properly split into clean areas (accommodations) and dirty areas (work-site).

Living quarters shall be equipped with changing and shower rooms, conveniently located in relation to work and accommodations.

The requirements of GS EP MED 062 shall apply. As a general rule, ILO R164 shall be applicable.

6.2.4 Ventilation The ventilation system shall be designed in such a way to prevent flammable/ toxic gases and dusts from penetrating into buildings.

Air re-circulation is only permitted when the ventilation system is secured against absorption of returning air from polluted areas such as clinics, kitchen, lavatories and washing rooms. For these polluted areas there is no re-circulation of air. It is 100% new air. Ventilation outlets from polluted areas (clinics, kitchen, lavatories and washing rooms) shall be channeled through separated ducts.

The air renewal rate shall be established by a detailed and specific ventilation study carried out by HVAC specialists, reviewed and approved by Company's experts. Refer to GS EP HVA 100.

6.2.5 Food Refer to GS EP MED 062.

6.2.6 Water Any permanently manned installation shall be provided either with features ensuring the transportation to site and on-site storage of domestic water or with facilities for on-site production of domestic water.

Domestic water shall be provided in sufficient quantities to ensure all the physiological needs and normal hygiene for the occupancy load served.

Unless otherwise specified, the default value of 200 litres by occupant served and by day shall be assumed.





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Potable water shall be available in any permanently manned building.

The quality of domestic water shall, unless otherwise stipulated by local regulations or specified in the Safety Concept, meet the requirements of the Directive 98/83/CE. See appendix 7.

7. Safety to life from fire in buildings

7.1 Introduction This chapter provides the minimum requirements for safety to life from fire in buildings regardless of their location (inside or outside the restricted area). The objectives are to protect the occupants not intimate with the initial fire development from loss of life and to improve the survivability of those who are intimate with the fire development. The protection methods assume a single fire source.

This chapter does not concern offshore installations.

Where buildings are located inside the restricted area, the specific requirements established above in chapter 4 shall apply in addition.

Unless otherwise specified in the Safety Concept or stipulated by local regulations, the safety to life in buildings shall comply with NFPA 101, as amended by the present chapter.

NFPA 101 assumes that a trained fire brigade can intervene quickly and have its own fire-fighting means available. However it has been assumed that these conditions were not always fulfilled and therefore that document has been amended in a more stringent way, in particular when dealing with fire-fighting means.

7.2 Fundamental requirements Any building, new or existing, designed for human occupancy shall meet, as a minimum, the following fundamental requirements:

• Buildings shall be provided with means of egress to permit prompt exit (see section 7.4):

a) The means of egress, by their kinds, numbers, locations, and capacities, shall be appropriate to the individual building.

b) The means of egress shall be arranged and maintained free and unobstructed.

c) Every exit shall be clearly visible and/or the route to reach every exit indicated without any risk of confusing the direction to go.

d) Egress facilities shall be adequately and reliably illuminated.

e) Two means of egress, as a minimum, shall be provided from any area where occupants can be trapped. They shall be arranged to minimise the possibility that both means might be rendered impassable by the same emergency condition.

• Buildings shall be provided with fire and smoke protection features (see section 7.5):

a) Design, construction and equipment shall preclude undue danger to occupants' safety during the period of time reasonably necessary to evacuate and/or to defend on place.

b) Fire alarm facilities shall be provided where relevant.





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c) Vertical openings between floors shall be suitably enclosed or protected to afford safety to occupants while using the means of egress, and to prevent fire or smoke from spreading.

7.3 Classifications

7.3.1 Classification of occupancy NFPA 101 (section 6.1) classifies the occupancy, for new and existing buildings, as follows:

Table 2: Classification of occupancy

Type of Occupancy Characteristics Applicability to Company

Assembly ≥ 50 people Conference or passenger rooms

Hotels > 16 people sleeping Living quarters

Lodgings ≤ 16 people sleeping Small living quarters

Business Offices, teaching rooms, ambulatory clinics

Industrial Processing facilities, workshops

Storage Bulk oil storage, chemical storage, warehouses

Where two or more classes of occupancy occur in the same building and where separate safeguards are impracticable, the most restrictive safety requirements shall apply.

7.3.2 Classification of hazard of contents

Table 3: Classification of hazard of buildings contents

Level Hazard

Low Contents of low combustibility, no self-propagating fire can occur

Ordinary Likely to burn with moderate rapidity and/or to give off a considerable volume of smoke. It is the single possible classification for assemblies, hotels, lodging and business

High Likely to burn with extreme rapidity or explode

7.4 Means of egress

7.4.1 Capacity of means of egress The total capacity of the means of egress from any place shall be sufficient for the occupant load served.

The occupant load served shall consider the maximum occupancy over the entire life span of the building, except when extraordinary additional means are provided for exceptional events.





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The occupant load in any building or portion thereof, except where access is controlled, shall not be assumed to be less than the number determined by dividing the floor area assigned to that use by the occupant load factor as specified hereafter:

Table 4: Occupant load

Assembly (1) Assembly (2) Lodgings Hotels Business Industrial

1.4 m2 0.28 m2 18.6 m2 18.6 m2 9.3 m2 9.3 m2

Note 1: less concentrated use without fixed seating

Note 2: waiting space

Egress capacity shall be based on the following:

Table 5: Egress capacity

Stairways Ramps and horizontal ways

Ordinary hazard content 7.6 mm/person 5 mm/person

High hazard contents 18 mm/person 10 mm/person

The minimum width of means of egress shall be 0.91 m for new buildings and 0.71 m for existing buildings, except for new hotels where it shall be 1.12 m and for offices, both new and existing, where it shall be 1.12 m.

7.4.2 Number of means of egress As a general rule a minimum of two means of egress shall be provided.

Deviation from the general rule (refer to NFPA 101, section 7.4) is possible only where the risk is low or moderate, the occupancy load served is low or the travel distance is low.

For occupancies with high-hazard content, not less than two means of egress shall be provided from each building and from each hazardous area (except for rooms or spaces do not exceed 18.6 m² and occupancy load served ≤ 3 people and travel distance to the room door ≤ 7.60 m).

7.4.3 Protection of the means of egress Where a mean of egress is required to be protected by separation from the other parts of the building, the separation shall meet the following fire ratings:

• Exit in connection with ≤ 3 storeys: A60

• Exit in connection with > 4 storeys: should be avoided; where inevitable, refer to NFPA 101.

7.4.4 Arrangement of means of egress Exits shall be adequately located and arranged to minimise the possibility that more than one of them can be blocked by any one fire or other emergency condition.





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Dead-ends or paths of travel common to two means of egress should be avoided. And where inevitable, they shall not exceed the lengths summarised in the following table:

Table 6: Dead-end corridor limited length

Occupancy Assembly Hotels Business Industrial Storage

Low hazard NA NA NA no limit no limit

Nominal, NS (1) 6.1 m 10.7 m 6.1 m 15 m 15 m

Nominal, SP (2) 6.1 m 15 m 15 m 15 m 30 m

High hazard, NS (1) NA NA NA 0 m 0 m

High hazard, SP (2) NA NA NA 0 m 0 m

Note 1: non-sprinklered

Note 2: sprinklered and only if the sprinkler system is approved, automatic, and maintained.

Table 7: Common path limited length


Low hazard NA NA NA no limit no limit

Nominal, NS (1) 6.1 m (3) 10.7 m 23 m 15 m 15 m

Nominal, SP (2) 6.1 m (3) 15 m 30 m 30 m 30 m

High hazard, NS (1) NA NA NA 0 m 0 m



Note 2: sprinklered and only if the sprinkler system is approved, automatic, and maintained

Note 3: 23 m for common path serving less than 50 people.

Exits shall in no case be through kitchens, storerooms, restrooms, workrooms, closets, bedrooms or other rooms subject to locking.

Hangings, draperies, mirrors shall in no case be placed on exit doors.

Mirrors or any other reflecting objects shall not be placed on exit routes.

7.4.5 Travel distance to exits The travel distance from any occupied place to at least one exit shall not exceed a maximum limit which, unless otherwise stipulated by local regulations, shall meet the requirements of NFPA 101, section 7.6.

The travel distance to an exit shall be measured on the floor:

• from the most remote point subject to occupancy

• curving around corners or obstructions with a clearance of 0.30 m

• ending at the centre of the exit door.





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Considering the classification of occupancy (see section 7.3.1), the classification of hazard of contents (see section 7.3.2) and the possible existence of a sprinkler system, the requirements for a maximum travel distance to an exit can be summarized as follows:

Table 8: Maximum travel distance to an exit


Low hazard NA NA NA 61 m (6) no limit

Nominal, NS (1) 61 m 23 + 30 m (3) 61 m 61 m 61 m

Nominal, SP (2) 76 m 38 + 61 m (4) 91 m 75 m (5) 122 m

High hazard, NS (1) NA NA NA NA 23 m



Note 2: sprinklered and if the sprinkler system is approved and automatic

Note 3: 23 m from a room to a corridor and additional 30 m from corridor to the exit

Note 4: 38 m from a room to a corridor and additional 61 m from corridor to the exit

Note 5: 75 m but deviations for longer distances are possible (NFPA 101, chapter 40)

Note 6: 61 m but deviations for longer distances are possible (NFPA 101, chapter 40).

7.4.6 Lighting There shall be emergency lighting in the means of egress of the following occupancies: assemblies, hotels, lodging, business, industrial and storage.

Emergency lighting appliances shall comply with the following:

• No delay to illuminate (battery systems are mandatory).

• Minimum duration time: 90 minutes.

• Minimum illumination level at to: 11 lux average, 1 lux minimum on any point.

• Minimum remaining illumination level at to + 90 min: 6 lux average, 0.6 lux minimum on any point.

• Maximum illumination ratio: 40.

Inside technical rooms, part of normal fluorescent luminaries of category 2 with integrated Ni-Cd battery shall be installed to provide 90 minutes/ 150 lux illumination of panels/ switchboards used for re-starting operation in safe conditions.

For further details, refer to GS EP ELE 081.

7.4.7 Marking The means of egress shall be marked as stipulated by local regulations, or by default as per NFPA 101, section 7.10.





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7.4.8 Special provisions for occupancies with high-hazard contents Egress requirements for occupancies with high-hazard contents are as follows:

• Minimum number of egress from any place: 2, except where occupancy load served ≤ 3 people and travel distance ≤ 7.60 m

• No dead end in egress corridors.

7.4.9 Hardware for means of egress

7.4.9.1 Locks Doors in a mean of egress shall be arranged to be opened readily from the egress side whenever the building is occupied.

Locks, if provided, shall not require the use of a key, tool, special knowledge, or effort for operation from inside the building.

7.4.9.2 Panic push-bars Panic push-bars shall be provided as appropriate to doors on the means of egress, and in particular for the means of egress that are used only in case of emergency, and for assemblies having an occupancy load served > 50 people.

7.4.9.3 Access-controlled doors Access-controlled doors should be avoided in a mean of egress.

Where inevitable, they shall be automatically unlocked in case of fire alarm.

7.4.9.4 Power-operated doors Power-operated doors should be avoided.

Where inevitable, the design shall be such that in the case of loss of power, the door can be either opened or closed manually with a force not exceeding 222 N.

Therefore, lifts and elevators cannot, in the general case, be considered as part of the required means of egress.

7.4.9.5 Revolving doors Revolving doors should be avoided.

Where this solution is implemented, they shall comply with the following:

• be capable of being collapsed into a book-fold position

• force required to form a book-fold position shall not exceed 580 N

• when in the book-fold position, the egress path shall not be less than 0.91 m.

7.4.9.6 Sliding doors Sliding doors in a mean of egress shall be such that the force required to operate them does not exceed 133 N in the absence of perpendicular force, and 222 N with a perpendicular force of 1100 N.





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Sliding doors have no maximum width limitation.

7.4.9.7 Turnstiles Turnstiles or any similar devices shall be prohibited on the required means of egress.

7.4.9.8 Stairs Stairs shall comply with the requirements of NFPA 101, section 7.2.

For living quarters in moderate climate, the stairs should preferably be outdoors.

The main requirements applicable to stairs are as follows:

Table 9: Requirements for stairs

Dimension Value

Minimum width Occupant load served > 50: ≥ 1.12 m Occupant load served ≤ 50: ≥ 0.915 m

Risers height Minimum: 100 mm Maximum: 180 mm

Minimum tread depth 280 mm for new installations 230 mm for existing installations

Width of landing Same as width of stairs

Length of landing Not less than 1.22 m

Minimum headroom 2.03 m vertical

Maximum height between landings 3.66 m

Handrails On both sides of the stairs

Spiral stairs are prohibited where occupant load served exceeds five people and alternate tread devices shall be limited to places where the occupant load served does not exceed three people.

7.4.9.9 Lifts Lifts, escalators, moving walks, unless approved by an Authority Having Jurisdiction, shall not constitute a part of the required means of egress.

Lifts and elevators, if any, shall comply with the requirements of ASME/ANSI A17.1.

7.4.9.10 Slide escapes They should be given consideration for onshore buildings, in particular from high-hazard places.

They shall not constitute more than 25% of the required egress capacity with the exception of high-hazard places where they can constitute 100% of the required egress capacity.

7.4.9.11 Ramps Ramps shall comply with the requirements of NFPA 101, section 7.2. Ramps should be given preference for changes in level not exceeding 0.53 m.





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The main requirements applicable to ramps are as follows:

Table 10: Requirements for ramps

Dimension Value

Minimum width 1.12 m

Maximum slope 1/12

Maximum cross slope 1/48

Maximum rise between landings 760 mm 7.4.9.12 Alternate tread devices They include appliances such as folding or balanced stairs or ladders, etc.

They shall comply with the requirements of NFPA 101, section 7.2.

They shall be limited to places where the occupant load served does not exceed three people.

7.4.10 Dimensions of means of egress

• Minimum headroom

a) Minimum ceiling height: 2.30 m

b) Minimum height of any projection from the ceiling: 2.00 m.

• Changes in level

a) 0.00 m to 0.33 m: ramp or step

b) 0.33 m to 0.53 m: ramp, stair or step

c) 0.53 m to 0.76 m: ramp or stair

d) 0.76 m to 3.70 m: one or several stairs

e) > 3.70 m: several stair flights.

• Opening doors

a) Minimum clear width door opening: 0.81 m

b) Maximum single opening door width: 1.22 m

c) Maximum opening force of opening door: 133 N for new buildings and 222 N for existing buildings.

7.5 Fire protection features

7.5.1 Construction Unless otherwise stipulated by local regulations, the construction of new buildings shall meet the requirements of NFPA 220, and shall use:

• the fire resistance ratings of materials established by NFPA 251





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• the flame spread index and smoke development rating of materials established by NFPA 255 and ASTM E84-09a

• the combustibility of materials established as per NFPA 259 and ASTM E136-09.

A combustible material is defined as a material which has:

• a potential heat value > 8140 kJ/kg or

• a flame spread rating > 25 if thicker than 3 mm or

• a flame spread rating > 50 if less thick than 3 mm.

7.5.2 Fire retarding coatings for construction materials Flame spread or smoke development classification of construction materials can be secured by applying approved fire-retarding coatings where necessary.

Such treatment shall comply with the requirements of NFPA 703.

7.5.3 Construction types NFPA 220 classifies buildings into five main types, numbered I to V in decreasing order of fire resistance. Buildings Type IV and V are not developed any further in the present specification because they are forbidden in Company's installations. The fire resistance characteristics of buildings Type I to III are summarised in the following table:

Table 11: Fire resistance characteristics of buildings

Building type

Type I Type II Type III Fire rating (hours) 442 332 222 111 000 211 200 Exterior bearing walls 4 3 2 1 0 2 2 Supporting a roof only 4 3 1 1 0 2 2 Interior bearing walls 4 3 2 1 0 1 0 Supporting one floor only 3 2 2 1 0 1 0 Supporting a roof only 3 2 1 1 0 1 0 Columns, beams 4 3 2 1 0 1 0 Supporting one floor only 3 2 2 1 0 1 0 Supporting a roof only 3 2 1 1 0 1 0 Floor construction 2 2 2 1 0 1 0 Roof construction 2 1.5 1 1 0 1 0 Use of combust. material Prohibited (1)

Note 1: prohibited for exterior bearing walls.

Minimum requirements imposed by NFPA 101 for occupancy load served not exceeding 300 people are summarised in the next table, depending on the number of levels above and below the Level of Exit Discharge (LED), and whether the levels are sprinklered or not. For larger occupancies, refer to NFPA 101, chapter 8.





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Table 12: Requirements for occupancy loads

Type Type I Type II Type III

Fire rating (hours) 442 332 222 111 000 211 200

≥ 4 levels above LED Yes Yes Yes No No No No

3 levels above LED Yes Yes Yes (SP) No (SP) No

2 levels above LED Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes No

1 level above LED Yes Yes Yes Yes (SP) Yes (SP)

Level of Exit Discharge Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

1 level below LED (SP) (SP) (SP) (SP) (SP) (SP) (SP)

≥ 1 level below LED (SP) (SP) (SP) No No No No

Note SP: permitted only if the level of assembly occupancy, and the level below are sprinklered.

By application of the above, and unless otherwise specified, the requirements for Company's buildings are as follows:

• Buildings of Types IV or V are prohibited, buildings within the restricted area shall be at least of Type II, buildings outside the restricted area shall be at least of Type III.

• Buildings with three or more levels above LED shall have a fire rating of two hours for interior and exterior bearing walls, columns, beams, and floors. They shall be at least of Type II.

• Buildings with one or two levels above LED shall have a fire rating of one hour. They shall therefore be at least of Type II-111 in the restricted area and of Type III-211 outside the restricted area.

• Buildings without any level above LED shall be at least of Type II-000 in the restricted area and of Type III-200 outside the restricted area.

In addition to the above, and only applicable to accommodation buildings, every deck and its supporting structure and the boundaries separating accommodations from cooking areas, shall be constructed of material which shall not lose its structural stability when subjected to a standard fire test for at least 60 minutes.

The fire integrity of the deck shall also be maintained when subjected to the same test.

Internal stairways within the accommodation area shall be constructed of steel or reinforced concrete.

7.5.4 Subdivision into compartments Every building shall be divided into compartments to limit the spread of fire and restrict the movement of smoke.

This partition shall not be confused with the division of the installation into fire zones (refer to GS EP SAF 253).

Particular attention shall be paid to the design, arrangement, and construction of the protection of means of egress, the (vertical) openings, the false flooring and ceiling, the ventilation ducts and the protection from special hazards.





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Unless otherwise stipulated by local regulations, the subdivision into compartments shall meet the requirements of NFPA 101, section 8.2; NFPA 80 for specifics about doors and windows; NFPA 252 for fire resistance ratings of doors assemblies and NFPA 257 for fire resistance ratings of windows.

7.5.4.1 Protection of means of egress Means of egress shall have A60-rated walls.

The other corridors shall be A0 partitions.

7.5.4.2 Vertical openings Every floor separating storeys shall be constructed as a smoke barrier.

Openings through floors (stairways, lifts and elevators hoist-ways, ducts used for cables, ventilation, or other building services, expansion joints and seismic joints, etc.) shall be enclosed with fire barriers, continuous from floor to floor.

The minimum fire resistance rating of floor openings shall be:

• enclosures connecting ≥ 4 storeys in new buildings: refer to NFPA 101

• enclosures connecting < 3 storeys in new buildings: A60

• trunks enclosing internal stairways serving > 2 floors: A60

• enclosures in existing buildings: A0.

7.5.4.3 False flooring and ceiling With reference to DOE (ISBN 0-11-412961-4) and IMO MODU, air spaces enclosed behind ceilings, panellings or linings shall be divided by close-fitting draught stops spaced not more than 20 m with a maximum area of 300 m2 for onshore installations.

7.5.4.4 Ventilation ducts Unless otherwise stipulated by local regulations, the ventilation ducts serving more than 700 m3 shall meet the requirements of NFPA 90A.

• Outside air intakes shall be located to avoid drawing in combustible material or flammable vapour and to minimise the introduction of fire and smoke into the building. If necessary air intakes shall be equipped with fire and/or smoke dampers.

• Ventilation ducts should be constructed of iron, steel, aluminium, copper, concrete, masonry, clay tile. Other materials are acceptable providing they fulfil three conditions: flame spread rating ≤ 25 and no evidence of continued progressive combustion and smoke development rating ≤ 50.

• Fire dampers shall be installed where:

a) ventilation ducts penetrate walls and partitions that are required to have a fire rating ≥ 2 hours

b) ventilation ducts penetrate floors that are required to have any fire rating and in all air transfer openings in partitions required to have any fire rating.

• Trunks enclosing ventilation ducts and serving ≤ 3 storeys shall be A60 fire barriers.





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• Fire dampers protecting openings shall have the following fire ratings:

a) fire rating of wall, partition or floor < 3 hours: 90 minutes

b) fire rating of wall, partition or floor ≥ 3 hours: 3 hours.

• The closure of all fire dampers shall be automatic, either upon operation of a fusible link having a threshold temperature approximately 28°C above the maximum temperature that is normally encountered when the system is in operation or shutdown, or any other approved heat detector.

• Smoke dampers shall be installed:

a) where ventilation ducts penetrate walls, partition or floor that are required to be a smoke barrier

b) downstream of air filters where duct capacity > 7 m3/s.

• Fire dampers and smoke dampers should be used on the same installation

• The closure of smoke dampers shall be automatic upon detection of smoke

• In addition, their respective fan(s) shall be automatically stopped.

• Smoke detectors shall be installed:

a) downstream of air filters

b) ahead of any branch connection in air supply ducts of capacity > 1 m3/s

c) at each story ahead any common air return duct or shaft of capacity > 7080 m3/h.

• Specific subdivision into compartments shall be provided for the protection from special hazards, such as storage or containment of flammable or combustible products, machinery, boiler or furnace rooms, laundries and kitchens, maintenance shops, trash rooms, etc.

7.5.4.5 Special hazards Specific subdivision into compartments shall be provided for protection from special hazards such as storage or containment of flammable or combustible products, machinery boiler and furnace rooms, trash room, laundries and kitchen, maintenance shops.

In hotels and Business buildings, the protection from moderate or high hazards shall consist of:

• a separation by an A60 fire barrier or a sprinkler system in the hazardous area (for moderate hazards)

• the combination of fire barrier and sprinkler system (for high hazards).

7.5.5 Active fire fighting For active fire-fighting systems refer to GS EP SAF 311.





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7.6 Smoke control / smoke ventilation

7.6.1 Applicability of smoke control Buildings where personnel is, or may be, present, and having a combustible inventory inside, require a smoke control and a smoke ventilation device regardless of their geographic location (inside or outside the restricted area).

The smoke control and ventilation systems shall be designed bearing in mind that their ultimate objectives are to:

• Maintain a tenable environment:

a) in the means of egress from a building outside the restricted area

b) in the means of Escape, Evacuation and Rescue (EER) from the restricted area, during the time required for egress and EER.

• Control and reduce the migration of smoke from the area on fire

• Provide conditions to allow emergency response personnel to conduct search and rescue operations, and to locate and control the fire.

Smoke control and ventilation systems shall be activated during the early stages of a fire emergency, and be functional during the period of egress from the concerned areas.

7.6.2 Smoke control principles Smoke control shall be achieved by applying:

• pressure differences for small openings in smoke barriers such as construction joints, door gaps, with the positive pressure outside of the smoke zone, and

• an air-flow, for large openings in smoke barriers, such as doors intended to be open with the air-flow direction into the smoke zone.

Smoke control systems should preferably be activated automatically in a few seconds (less than 10 seconds).

In order to achieve efficient smoke control, the set of rules detailed below shall be adhered to and/or considered during design:

• Small openings shall be minimised and large opening shall be identified and limited to the doors to be open during emergency egress and/or EER

• Weather data (wind and temperature differences between the interior and the exterior of the building) shall be carefully contemplated

• Pressure differential shall provide tenable conditions and shall be such that door-opening forces do not exceed 133 N

• Number of doors to be opened simultaneously

• Existence of a sprinkler system whose operation decreases significantly the pressure differences and the air-flows required

• Existence of gaseous fire-fighting systems (refer to GS EP SAF 331 and GS EP SAF 332).





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7.6.3 Recommended solutions

7.6.3.1 Limitation of smoke development Materials such as organic foam insulation which may give off large quantities of toxic fumes and smoke should not be used, unless they are of a fire-retarding type and/or are totally enclosed in a corrosion resistant material.

7.6.3.2 Pressure differential Wherever necessary, buildings shall be pressurised as per the following table:

Table 13: Requirements for buildings pressurisation

Building type Ceiling height Design ΔP

Sprinklered any 12.5 Pa

Not sprinklered 2.7 m 25 Pa



7.6.3.3 Stair-towers pressurization systems The pressurization of stair-towers is essential to provide a tenable environment during EER operation in a building on fire, and also to provide practical means of access for the emergency response team.

This goal shall be achieved by maintaining a pressure difference across a closed stair-tower on the fire floor.

The air supply intake shall be located below the critical openings that might expel smoke from a building in fire.

For small or simple stair-towers, air can be provided by one single injection point, most commonly by the top.

For more complex stair-towers, multiple injections should be considered.

7.6.3.4 Zoned smoke-control Buildings shall be divided into a number of smoke-control zones, each zone being separated from the others by partitions, floors, doors that can be closed to inhibit the movement of smoke.

Smoke-control zones shall be kept as small as practicable.

For further details, refer to NFPA 92A, which provides guidelines for the design, sizing, and operation of the smoke extraction systems.

7.6.4 The different smoke ventilation systems Smoke ventilation consists of extracting fumes from a premise where there is a fire.

Smoke ventilation can be achieved by a dedicated system i.e. specifically designed for this duty and used only under relevant conditions or by a non-dedicated system.

A non-dedicated system is by definition most of the time the building HVAC system itself.





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A non-compensated smoke ventilation system is a system in which the air flow is injected by a single-speed fan, thus providing various pressure differences depending upon the premise configuration and the number of doors open and closed.

In a likely fashion, Company prefers compensated smoke ventilation systems (i.e. a system capable to adjust to various combinations of doors open or closed).

A compensated system is not, however, a compulsory requirement and a specific study by a specialist is requested in all cases.

Therefore, all the smoke ventilation systems shall be studied by HVAC specialists.

7.7 Interior finish Unless otherwise stipulated by local regulations, the subdivision into compartment of new and existing buildings shall meet the requirements of NFPA 101, section 8.2, and shall use:

• critical radiant flux and classification of floor coverings as per NFPA 253

• flame spread ratings and classification of textile coverings as per NFPA 265

• fire retarding coatings as defined in NFPA 703.

7.7.1 Classification of interior finish

7.7.1.1 Walls and ceiling

Table 14: Classification of walls and ceiling

Interior finish class Flame spread rating Smoke developed rating

A 0 ≤ flame spread ≤ 25

B 25 < flame spread ≤ 75 and smoke developed ≤ 450

C 75 < flame spread ≤ 200

Unclassified 200 < flame spread or smoke developed > 450

7.7.1.2 Floor

• Interior floor finish, Class I: 4.5 kW/m2 ≤ critical radiant flux

• Interior floor finish, Class II: 2.2 kW/m2 ≤ critical radiant flux < 4.5 kW/m2

• Interior floor finish, Unclassified: critical radiant flux < 2.2 kW/m2.

7.7.1.3 Fire retarding coatings and impregnated wood The required flame spread or smoke development classification of construction materials can be secured by applying approved fire retarding coatings where necessary.

Such treatment shall comply with the requirements of NFPA 703.

Impregnated wood is classified as fire-retarding when spread flame index ≤ 25 and there is no significant combustion progression after 30 minutes of standard test NFPA 255 (smoke development criteria is normally met).





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7.7.2 Requirements for interior finish The following materials are prohibited for use as interior wall or ceiling finish: asbestos, polyurethane foam (very toxic smoke), cellular or foam plastics (toxic smoke), sublimation coatings (excessive smoke development), ceramic blankets (decomposition under fire).

Considering the classification of occupancy normally applicable for the Company (see section 7.3.1), the requirements are summarised in the following table:

Table 15: Requirements for interior finish depending on the classification of occupancy

Classification of occupancy

Assembly Hotels Lodgings Business Industrial Storage

Walls and ceiling Unsprinklered

A* Exits: A Exits: A,B Exits: A,B Exits: A,B Exits: A,B

Corrid.: A,B Others: A,B,C Corrid.: A,B Corrid.: A,B* Corrid.: A,B*

Lobbies: A,B Others: A,B,C Others: A,B,C Others: A,B,C

Others: A,B,C

Floor Unsprinklered

Exits: I or II Exits: I or II Exits: I or II Exits: I or II Exits: I or II Exits: I or II

Corrid.: I or II Corrid.: I or II Others: no Corrid.: I or II * Corrid.: I or II Corrid.: I or II *

Others: no Others: no Others: no Others: no Others: no

Walls and ceiling Sprinklered (1)

A, B Exits: A,B Exits: A,B,C Exits: A,B,C Exits: A,B,C Exits: A,B,C

Corrid.: A,B,C Others: No Corrid.: A,B,C Corrid.: A,B,C* Corrid.: A,B,C*

Lobbies: A,B,C Others: no Others: no Others: no

Others: no Floor Sprinklered (1)

No No No No No No

Note*: Company’s requirement is more stringent than NFPA 101

Note 1: where the sprinkler system is approved and automatic.

7.8 Fire detection and fire protection This section covers only safety to life. Asset protection policy can justify more stringent requirements.

7.8.1 Fire detection Fire detection requirements are dictated by the occupant load served, the classification of hazards of contents, the evidence of fire, the presence of people sleeping, and can be summarized as follows:





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Table 16: Fire detection requirements

Manual alarm Automatic detection

Assembly Yes Yes*

Hotels Yes Yes* (1)

Lodgings Yes Yes

Business Yes* (2) Yes* (2)

Industrial Yes (3) (4) Yes (3) (4)

Storage Yes (4) (5) Yes (4) (5)

Note *: Company’s requirement is more stringent than NFPA 101

Note 1: smoke detectors in rooms and corridors with a possible derogation where the hotel is protected throughout a sprinkler system

Note 2: only where total occupant load > 50

Note 3: where occupant load > 25 above/below level of exit or total occupant load > 100

Note 4: or as per asset protection policy defined in SOR (Statement Of Requirements)

Note 5: ordinary or high-hazard contents and area exceeding 9300 m2.

7.8.2 Fire alert and emergency control In case of fire alarm and in addition to the Active Fire-Fighting (see section 7.8.3), the emergency control shall consist of the following actions:

• Alert as specified in the next table

• Release of hold-open doors, if any, and unlocking of doors, if applicable

• Pressurization of stairwells or elevators shafts, if any

• Smoke control, if any and as applicable

• Emergency lighting, if any.

These actions shall be automatic and without any delay of activation, with the single possible exception of a manual action where a fire brigade is operational nearby and at all times.

Table 17: Alert

Assembly and lodgings Hotels Business Industrial and storage

Audible Audible Audible Audible

+ fire brigade + public address + visible





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7.8.3 Active Fire Protection AFP (through Active Fire-Fighting means) requirements can be summarised as follows:

Table 18: Requirements for Fire-Fighting means

Sprinklers Hose reels Portable extinguishers

Assembly (1) Yes* Yes*

Hotels Yes (2) Yes* Yes* (3)

Lodgings Yes (2) No Yes*

Business No Yes* Yes

Industrial No Yes* Yes*

Storage No Yes* Yes*

Note *: Company’s requirement is more stringent than NFPA 101

Note 1: for assemblies with more than 300 people

Note 2: NFPA does not require sprinkler systems in hotels or lodgings where all sleeping rooms open directly to the outside

Company's practice is to prefer hose reels for hotels and portable extinguishers for lodgings

Note 3: the NFPA requirement for portable fire extinguishers applies to all hazardous areas in the hotel.

For further details, refer to:

• Sprinklers: GS EP SAF 322, NFPA 13

• Manual extinguishers: NFPA 10

• Standpipes and hoses: GS EP SAF 322, NFPA 14.

8. Communication

8.1 General Each permanently manned installation shall be provided with communication means, either for internal use, alert use or external use.

Part of the internal and external communication means, and the whole system of alert to personnel shall remain active in case of an emergency, without creation of additional hazards.

8.2 Radio room A dedicated radio room shall be installed in the clean, low-noise section of the living quarters, preferably high enough and fitted with windows in order to have a general view over the whole installation and the traffic around.

The radio room, its contents, and its operation shall be under the responsibility of a designated person named "radio operator".

The access to the radio room should be limited to authorized personnel.

The radio room shall in no case be considered as part of the required means of egress.





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The background noise level in the radio room shall not exceed 45 dB(A) for offshore installations.

The communication means shall consist in a combination, but not limited to, of the following: telephones, UHF/VHF radio, PAGA system, internal video system and external communications.

For further details about the use of communication means in case of an emergency, refer to GS EP SAF 371.

9. Catering

9.1 General Each permanently manned installation shall be provided with a set of specific rooms for catering purposes.

They shall be conveniently located in the intermediate-noise section of the living quarters, and at the edge of the dirty and clean areas.

The catering facilities, their contents, and their operation shall be under the responsibility of a designated person called "Camp Boss".

The catering facilities include, but are not limited to:

• Food storage and circulation facilities

• Kitchen

• Laundry, for large installations

• The Camp Boss office, to be separated from food storage, kitchen and laundry.

On small installations, the laundry can be replaced by a changing room with interim storage of dirty clothes and storage of clean clothes, with an outside batch cleaning process.

The access to the catering facilities should be limited to authorised personnel.

The catering facilities shall in no case be considered as part of the required means of egress.

The maximum noise level in catering facilities shall be 60 dB(A) maxi for background noise, not considering manually controlled operations, the total not exceeding 85 dB(A) time averaged.

9.2 Kitchen The use of combustible sources of heat in the kitchen should be avoided.

Electrical power is the preferred solution (refer to NFPA 70E).

Where inevitable, or where the risk is negligible, the combustible source of heat shall comply with: NFPA 31 (fuel-oil), NFPA 54 (fuel gas) or NFPA 58 (LPGs).

In all cases, the kitchen shall be considered as a special hazards area.

In hotels and office buildings, the protection shall follow the requirement given in section 7.5.4.5.

Ventilation outlet from kitchen and associated lavatories shall be channelled through separated ducts.





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The places where fire and smoke development have the maximum likelihood to develop shall be identified.

The hoods shall be designed to withstand a temperature of 400°C for two hours. All the hoods shall be protected by a fire-fighting system (refer to GS EP HVA 100).

Fires involving fats should be extinguished with a specific sprinkler system using R102TM or equivalent, (refer to NFPA 17), or a water mist system.

Catering facilities shall be provided with toilets adequately sited and washbasins to be used only by catering personnel.

Food storage and preservation shall be in accordance with GS EP MED 062.

9.3 Laundry The interim storage of clothes shall be considered as storage of combustible products and shall, therefore, be minimised.

In all cases, the laundry shall be considered as a special hazards area.

It shall be protected by the same type of protection as those used for the kitchen (refer to section 9.2).

Refer to NFPA 70E for safety requirements specific to the use of electrical power.

10. Waste disposal

10.1 Sewage

10.1.1 General A dedicated domestic sewage system shall be installed on any permanently manned installation to collect and dispose water from the accommodations and other domestic areas.

Sewage from accommodations shall be totally independent from the process drains systems, and from any drainage system in a hazardous area (for hazardous drains refer to GS EP SAF 228).

Sewage from kitchen shall be totally independent from the sewage from lavatories.

10.1.2 Classification of sewage The sewage system shall consist of two different networks as defined in GS EP CIV 403:

• "Grey" sewage, from kitchens, basins, showers or laundry

• "Black" sewage, from lavatories.

The "Grey" sewage process shall consist in a separation of solids by gravity and skimming if necessary.

The "Black" sewage process shall consist either in a physico-chemical process consisting in pounding and chloride disinfection or a bio-chemical process such as septic tanks.

10.1.3 Disposal Onshore sewage processes shall comply with local regulations.





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Offshore sewage processes shall comply with the general requirements of IMO MARPOL 73/78 unless more stringent local rules apply:

• Discharge of pounded/disinfected sewage effluents ("grey" or black") is authorized where installations are more than 4 nautical miles away from the shore

• Discharge of non-pounded/non-disinfected sewage effluents ("grey") is authorized where installations are more than 12 nautical miles away from the shore.

Treated sewages shall be collected in interim tanks so that the discharge rate to the sea, where authorized, is low and/or the effluent can be transferred to transportation containers and where the discharge to the sea is not authorized.

10.2 Waste disposal Waste shall be managed (classified, sorted, handled and disposed of) according to the applicable Waste Management Plan, in compliance with GS EP ENV 001.

10.2.1 Waste heating-value classification On offshore installations, the waste may be classified according to their heating values as per the following categories referenced in ASTM F1322-90 and IMO MARPOL 73/78.

Table 19: Waste classification

Type Name Moisture contents

Solids contents

Heat. val. (kJ/kg) Typical contents

1 Trash 10% 5% 20000 Packing waste

2 Rubbish 25% 10% 15000 Industrial

3 Refuse 50% 7% 10000 Industrial + domestic

4 Garbage 70% 5% 6000 Domestic

5 Life form remains 85% 5% 2500 Farming

6 By-product waste high low ND Liquid or by-products

7 By-product waste low high ND Solid by-products

Hazardous wastes, such as medical wastes or wastes that are contaminated by chemicals (e.g. process filters, etc.) are not included in the above classification and shall be submitted to specific handling and disposal procedures that shall be duly approved by local authorities.

As regards wastes from onshore camps, refer to GS EP CIV 403.

10.2.2 Waste processes Onshore waste shall be treated/disposed of on site or evacuated to the appropriate facility. Waste storage should be limited in time and volume.

Offshore, waste storage shall be strictly limited in time and volume. On sites, wastes shall be either recycled, incinerated, treated, discharged and/or shipped to shore, in compliance with the following requirements:

• Direct discharge to the sea shall be limited, as per IMO MARPOL 73/78 requirements, where installations are more than 12 nautical miles away from the shore and limited to





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biodegradable wastes from kitchen that have been pounded with a size not exceeding 25 mm

• Incineration shall be limited to low-combustible wastes of Types 3, 4 and 5, with an average heating value not exceeding 8140 kJ/kg

• Combustible waste of Types 1 and 2 and by-product wastes of Types 6 and 7 shall be evacuated by returning supply-boats, in adequate transportation containers.

10.2.3 Interim storage of wastes Wastes shall be collected and stored before incineration or evacuation in a dedicated area, in accordance with GS EP ENV 001, and with a minimum distance of raw food boarding path.

This area should be down the prevailing wind from the accommodations.

Where the storage volume exceeds 765 liters (not compacted), the area should preferably be away from the rest of the accommodation buildings, with a minimum distance of 5 m.

Where this is not feasible, it shall consist in a room with fire barriers H120, and protected by a sprinkler system.

10.2.4 Compactors Where waste compactors are installed, they shall comply with the requirements of NFPA 82.

10.2.5 Incinerators

Offshore, small incinerators whose duty ≤ 1160 kW shall comply with the requirements of ASTM F 1322-90 and ASTM F 1323.

For onshore or larger offshore incinerators, refer to NFPA 82.

Incinerator stacks shall be equipped with spark arresters.

Particular attention shall be paid to the charging system of the incinerator.

In particular, manual operations, if any, shall be proven safe for personnel.

Furthermore, the charging system design shall prevent the direct discharge of flames, combustion gases, and heat from the incinerator during waste loading operations.

Chute-feedings should be avoided and, where inevitable, they shall be sprinklered and have a H120 fire rating.

Incinerators having burners with individual duty > 117 kW, shall adhere to the recommendations conveyed in GS EP SAF 227.

Additionally, specific requirements for the auxiliary fuel shall meet the requirements of NFPA 31 (fuel-oil), NFPA 54 (fuel gas), or NFPA 70E (electrical).

10.2.6 Landfill Where a landfill is planned the design shall comply with GS EP ENV 421.


General Specification Date : 01/2011

GS EP SAF 221 Rev : 04

Appendix 1


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Appendix 1 Fire class ratings of partitions

Note: H120 class partitions rating or J rating class partitions, depending on the risks.

ROOMCONTROL

ROOM

No requirement

H120

EMERGENCYSWITCHROOM

CONTROLROOM

Emergency response, then A60

H120

FIRE WATER PUMPWITH DAILY TANK

CONTROLROOM

Hydrocarbon, then H120

H120




Appendix 2


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Appendix 2 Out-of-reach by position in electrical rooms

Fig 1: Out-of-reach by position in electrical rooms

230

cm

230

cm

200

+ U

(kV

) cm

, 25

0 cm

min

i

LV MV

HV

GRADE




Appendix 3


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Appendix 3 Out-of-reach by protection in electrical rooms

Fig 2: Out-of-reach by protection in electrical rooms




Appendix 3


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Fig 3: Possible exception for LV equipment

w

Conductor

h > or = 200 cmw > or = 80 cm (width of way)

h

w

Conductor

h > or = 200 cmw > or = 120 cm (width of way)

hConductor

w

w > or = 100 cm

h

LV SWITCHBOARD

ISOLATING FL

OOR

ISOLATING FLOORw > or = 100 cm

U < 150 Volts

Batteries > 150 volts




Appendix 3


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Fig 4: Alternate solution for HV equipment

HV EQUIPM ENT

d > or =

200 cm

w > or =

80 cm




Appendix 4


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Appendix 4 Admissible displacement and vibrations

Table 20: Admissible horizontal displacements and accelerations

d/T2 (m/s2) Human sensation γ (m/s2)

0 ≤ d / T2 < 0.00125 Not perceptible 0 ≤ γ < 0.05

0.00125 ≤ d/T2 < 0.00375 Perceptible 0.05 ≤ γ < 0.15

0.00375 ≤ d/T2 < 0.0125 Disagreeable 0.15 ≤ γ < 0.5

0.0125 ≤ d/T2 < 0.0375 Very disagreeable 0.5 ≤ γ < 1.5

.0375 ≤ d/T2 Intolerable 1.5 ≤ γ

Note 1: Reference: ASCE Journal

Note 2: d = maximum displacement from neutral point

Note 3: T = period of movement

Wave of same period as installation natural period shall be considered for this calculation. Table 21: Admissible horizontal vibrations

1 Hz ≤ f ≤ 2 Hz 2 Hz ≤ f ≤ 80 Hz

0 ≤ γh < 0.0125 0 ≤ γh/f < 0.00625 Living accommodation

0.0125 ≤ γh < 0.02 0.00625 ≤ γh/f < 0.01 Upper limit for offices/ Control rooms

0.02 ≤ γh < 0.05 0.01 ≤ γh/f < 0.025 Upper limit for general work areas

0.05 ≤ γh < 0.15 0.025 ≤ γh/f < 0.075 Just acceptable locally to equipment

0.15 ≤ γh < 2 0.075 ≤ γh/f < 1 Restricted access

2 ≤ γh 1 ≤ γh/f Prohibited

Note 1: Reference: DOE (ISBN 0-11-412961-4) Note 2: γh are in m/s2 Table 22: Admissible vertical vibrations

f ≤ 4 Hz 4 Hz ≤ f ≤ 8 Hz 8 Hz ≤ f ≤ 80 Hz

0 ≤ γz < .018 0 ≤ γz < .018 0 ≤ γz/f < .00225 Living accommodation

γz.f0.5 < .06 .018 ≤ γz < .03 .00225 ≤ γz/f < .00375 Upper limit for offices/ Control rooms

.06 ≤ γz.f0.5 < .14 .03 ≤ γz < .07 .00375 ≤ γz/f < .00925 Upper limit for general working areas

.14 ≤ γz.f0.5 < .45 .07 ≤ γz < .225 .00925 ≤ γz/f < .028 Just acceptable locally to equipment

.45 ≤ γz.f0.5 < 5.6 .225 ≤ γz < 2.8 .028 ≤ γz/f < .35 Restricted access

5.6 ≤ γz.f0.5 2.8 ≤ γz .35 ≤ γz/f Prohibited

Note 1: Reference: DOE (ISBN 0-11-412961-4) Note 2: γz are in m/s2.




Appendix 4


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Table 23: Admissible exposure periods

% maxi vibration 100%min

92% min

76% min

59% min

42% hr

29% hr

18% hr

11% hr

8% hr

Allowable exposure time 1-4 8 15 30 1 2 4 8 12




Appendix 5


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Appendix 5 Maximum noise limits

The noise exposure limit values specific to personnel protection at the workplace are given in appendix 6.

Table 24: Maximum noise limits dB(A)

Maximum permissible noise level (1) (2): 87

Offshore Onshore General work area noise limit (1) (2) (3)

• 8 hours working day 85 85

• 12 hours working day 85 85Work areas (1) (4)

• Workshops, general stores, shops, warehouses 70 65

• Control room, typing offices 55 55

• Laboratory, miscellaneous offices 55 50

• Offices 55 55

• Radio room, telecommunication room 45 -Living accommodations (4)

• Washing facilities, changing rooms, toilets, sanitary facilities 60 60

• Kitchens 60 -

• Dining rooms, restaurant 55 55

• Recreation areas 50 50

• Meeting, theatre, television rooms, cinema 45 45

• Sleeping rooms, cabins 45 -Medical rooms

• Medical rooms 40 40

• Clearing rooms 45 45• Mortuary 70 70

Corridors between (4)

• Not be more than 5 dB(A) greater than in adjoining rooms

• With a maximum of 60 dB(A) for any corridor Note: Reference DOE (ISBN 0-11-412961-4) Note 1: Noise level is measured 1.00 m away from noise emitting equipment. Note 2: The maximum noise level, instantaneous or averaged during a work shift, corresponds to the background noise plus the manually controlled operations. Note 3: Inside industrial units (less than 15 m from a working station or from a regular maintenance area). Note 4: The noise level in specific areas corresponds to the background noise only, not inclusive of manually controlled operations such as mixing, speaking, etc.




Appendix 6


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Appendix 6 Noise exposure limit values specific to personnel protection at the work place

In the absence of more restrictive regulations, we recommend that threshold values be defined based on those given in Directive 2003/10/EC.

Three levels are defined:

• Exposure limit value: LEX(1) = 87 dB(A)

• Upper exposure value: LEX = 85 dB(A)

• Lower exposure value: LEX = 80 dB(A)

When applying the exposure limit value, the determination of the worker's effective exposure shall take account of the attenuation provided by the individual hearing protectors worn by the worker. The exposure values shall not take account of the effect of such protectors. Note 1: LEX: time weighted average of the noise exposure levels for a nominal eight-hour working day. It covers all noises present at work, including impulsive noise

Based on these values, 4 risk level cases are defined:

1. Low level of risk for which no preventive measures are required:

LEX < 80 dB(A)

2. Acceptable risk level for which preventive measures are advisable:

80 dB(A) ≤ LEX < 85 dB(A)

3. Acceptable risk level for which preventive measures are mandatory:

85 dB(A) ≤ LEX < 87 dB(A)

4. Unacceptable risk level:

LEX ≥ 87 dB(A) with ear protectors Note: Certain noises of less than 80 dB(A) may be a source of discomfort, without actually being harmful to the ear (e.g. unpleasant high frequency). It is recommended that they be reduced as much as possible.

The measurements shall be performed by using sound level meters or personal sound exposure meters. It is recommended to respect the standard ISO 9612.




Appendix 7


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Appendix 7 Potable water specification

Table 25: Micro-biological parameters

Parameter Parametric value

(number/100 ml) Escherichia coli 0 Enterococcus 0

Table 26: chemical parameters

Parameter Parametric value Unit Notes

Acrylamide 0.10 µg/l Note 1 Antimony 5.0 µg/l Arsenic 10 µg/l Benzene 1.0 µg/l Benzo(a)pyrene 0.010 µg/l Boron 1.0 µg/l Bromate 10 µg/l Note 2 Cadmium 5.0 µg/l Chromium 50 µg/l Copper 2.0 mg/l Note 3 Cyanide 50 µg/l 1,2-dichloroethane 3.0 µg/l Epichlorohydrine 0.10 µg/l Note 1 Fluoride 1.5 mg/l Lead 10 µg/l Notes 3 and 4 Mercury 1.0 µg/l Nickel 20 µg/l Note 3 Nitrate 50 mg/l Note 5 Nitrite 0.50 mg/l Note 5 Pesticides 0.10 µg/l Notes 6 and 7 Pesticides - Total 0.50 µg/l Notes 6 and 8

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) 0.10 µg/l

Sum of concentration of specified compounds.

Note 9 Selenium 10 µg/l Tetrachloroethene and trichloroethene 10 µg/l Sum of concentration of specified

parameters

Trihalomethanes - Total 100 µg/l Sum of concentration of specified

compounds Note 10

Vinyl chloride 0.5 µg/l Note 1




Appendix 7


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Note 1: the parametric value refers to the residual monomer concentration in the water as calculated according to specifications of the maximum release from the corresponding polymer in contact with the water.

Note 2: where possible, without compromising disinfection, a lower value should be striven. The parametric value for bromate from five years after the entry into force of the Directive 98/83/EC until 10 years after its entry into force is 25 μg/l.

Note 3: the value applies to a sample of water intended for human consumption obtained by an adequate sampling method at the tap and taken so as to be representative of a weekly average value ingested by consumers. The occurrence of peak levels that may cause adverse effects on human health shall be taken in account.

Note 4: the parametric value for lead from five years after the entry into force of this Directive until 15 years after its entry into force is 25 μg/l.

All appropriate measures shall be taken to reduce the concentration of lead in water intended for human consumption as much as possible during the period needed to achieve compliance with the parametric value. When implementing the measures to achieve compliance with that value, the priority shall be given progressively priority where lead concentrations in water intended for human consumption are highest. Note 5: with the following condition: [nitrate]/50 + [nitrite]/3 ≤1, the square brackets signifying the concentrations in mg/l for nitrate (NO3) and nitrite (NO2), is complied with and that the value of 0.10 mg/l for nitrites is complied with ex water treatment works.

Note 6: ‘Pesticides’ means:

- organic insecticides - organic herbicides - organic fungicides - organic nematocides - organic acaricides - organic algicides - organic rodenticides - organic slimicides - related products (inter alia, growth regulators) and their relevant metabolites, degradation and

reaction products. Only those pesticides which are likely to be present in a given supply need to be monitored.

Note 7: the parametric value applies to each individual pesticide. In the case of aldrin, dieldrin, heptachlor and heptachlor epoxide the parametric value is 0.030 μg/l.

Note 8: ‘Pesticides - Total’ means the sum of all individual pesticides detected and quantified in the monitoring procedure.

Note 9: the specified compounds are: - benzo(b)fluoranthene - benzo(k)fluoranthene - benzo(ghi)perylene - indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene.

Note 10: where possible, without compromising disinfection, a lower value should be striven. The specified compounds are: chloroform, bromoform, dibromochloromethane, bromodichloromethane. The parametric value for total THMs from five years after the entry into force of the Directive 98/83/EC until 10 years after its entry into force is 150 μg/l.




Appendix 7


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Table 27: Indicator parameters

Parameter Parametric value Unit Notes Aluminium 200 µg/l Ammonium 0.50 mg/l Chloride 250 mg/l Note 1 Clostridium perfringens(including spores) 0 Number/100 ml Note 2

Colour Acceptable to consumer

and no abnormal change

Conductivity 2500 µS cm-1 at 20°C Note 1 Hydrogen ions concentration > 6.5 and < 9.5 pH unit Note 1 and 3 Iron 200 µg/l Manganese 50 µg/l

Odour Acceptable to consumer


Oxidisability 5.0 mg/l O2 Note 4 Sulphate 250 mg/l Note 1 Sodium 200 mg/l

Taste Acceptable to consumer


Colony count at 22°C No abnormal change Coliform bacteria 0 Number/100 ml Note 5 Total organic carbon (TOC) No abnormal change Note 6

Turbidity Acceptable to consumer


Note 7

Tritium 100 becquerel/l Radioactivity: total indicative dose 0.10 mSv/year Note 8

Note 1: the water should not be aggressive. Note 2: this parameter need not be measured unless the water originates from or is influenced by surface water.

In the event of non-compliance with this parametric value, an investigation shall ensure that there is no potential danger to human health arising from the presence of pathogenic micro-organisms, e.g. cryptosporidium. Note 3: for still water put into bottles or containers, the minimum value may be reduced to 4.5 pH units. For water put into bottles or containers which is naturally rich in or artificially enriched with carbon dioxide, the minimum value may be lower. Note 4: this parameter need not be measured if the parameter TOC is analysed. Note 5: for water put into bottles or containers the unit is number/250 ml. Note 6: this parameter need not be measured for supplies of less than 10 000 m³ a day. Note 7: in the case of surface water treatment, a parametric value not exceeding 1.0 NTU (nephelometric turbidity units) in the water ex treatment works shall be striven. Note 8: excluding tritium, potassium -40, radon and radon decay products