groupg1_env- carbon emission report

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Carbon Footprint of IIT Bombay Environment Management MG 683

[Type text]

MG683

2011

Carbon Footprint of IITBombayEnvironment Management

SJMSOM, IIT Bombay

A D I T I G U L A T I ( 0 9 9 2 7 8 5 5 ) , A N K I T A Y A D A V ( 0 9 9 2 7 8 8 6 ) ,

A M I T K R . S I N G H ( 0 9 9 2 7 8 9 0 ) , G A U R A V S A M A N T ( 0 9 9 2 7 9 0 7 )


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Carbon Footprint of IIT Bombay MG 683

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Table of Contents

1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................... 4

1.1 Carbon Footprint ...................................................................................................................... 4

1.2 Variables for calculation of Carbon Footprint ........................................................................... 4

2 Data Collection .................................................................................................................................. 5

2.1 Population ................................................................................................................................ 5

2.2 Number of flights taken annually .............................................................................................. 5

2.3 LPG Consumption .................................................................................................................... 5

2.4 Waste ....................................................................................................................................... 7

2.5 Number of Trees in Campus .................................................................................................... 7

2.6 Newspaper used in campus ..................................................................................................... 7

2.7 Fuel Consumption in Local Transport ...................................................................................... 7

2.7.1 Fuel used for Tumtum and buses ............................................................................... 7

2.7.2 Fuel used for official cars............................................................................................ 8

2.8 Electricity Consumption ............................................................................................................ 9

2.9 Stationery ................................................................................................................................. 9

3 Calculation of Footprint for each variable ................................................................................... 10

3.1 Electricity Consumed.............................................................................................................. 10

3.2 LPG Consumed ...................................................................................................................... 10

3.3 Fuel Usage for Vehicles ......................................................................................................... 10

3.4 Newspaper Usage .................................................................................................................. 10

3.5 People taking flights to travel ................................................................................................. 11

3.5.1 Domestic ................................................................................................................... 11

3.5.2 International .............................................................................................................. 11

3.6 General and Food wastage .................................................................................................... 11

3.7 Offset unit calculated by number of trees............................................................................... 11

3.8 Stationery ............................................................................................................................... 12

4 Total Carbon footprint .................................................................................................................... 13


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5 Conclusion ...................................................................................................................................... 14


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1 Introduction1.1

Carbon Footprint

Carbon footprint is a measure of the impact of our activities on the environment, and in particular on

climate change. It is calculated by the amount of carbon (usually in tones/metric tonnes) being emitted

by an activity or organization/individual. With increasing industrialization, the green house gases,

specifically CO2 emission has increased to a very high level. Thus there has been a worldwide concern to

protect the environment by reducing the carbon footprint for every country and hence boiling down to

reduce CO2 emission for each organization/individual.

IIT being the top notch technology institute of the country must have a carbon footprint calculation and

adopt continuous measures to reduce it.

For every individual/organization there are 2 types of carbon footprint

- Primary Footprint: This includes direct CO2 emission by electricity usage, burning fuel, vehicular

emission- Secondary Footprint: This includes indirect CO2 emission by food wastage, recycling paper or not

etc.

In the calculation of carbon footprint for IIT, we have tried using all variables for Primary footprint

because this is major cause of emission. Also we have tried using maximum number of variables for

secondary emission to get the accurate number ofAnnual Carbon Footprintof IIT.1.2 Variables for calculation of Carbon Footprint

i. LPG usage

ii. Fuel usage (for vehicles)

iii. Newspaper usediv. Paper used (stationery by dept.)

v. People taking flights to travel

vi. Electricity consumed

vii. Number of computer servers

viii.General and Food wastage by number of people

Variable to Offset number of trees in campus


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2 Data Collection2.1 Population

Category No. of People

No . Of Students (UG+ PG+PHD+ Project Staff) 7670

Faculty 550

Staff

Category B 183

Category C 484

Category D 572

Dependents

2 per person;approx 75% staff and faculty in

campus 2684

Permanent Population in Campus 12143Temporary Staff( for 89 days per year) 50

Casual Labor (Day to Day basis) 50

Total Population 12205 (*** Source Admin section)

2.2 Number of flights taken annuallyOfficial (domestics) 136 (for 2010)

Official (International) (93 for quarter Oct-Dec10)

Total 2010 = 375

For LTC LTC availed in 2010 = 256 (taking average family size as 2)= 512

Hence total flights: Domestic = 648, International = 375

(*** Source Mr Yogesh Patil and Mr. Sanjay, transport, Admin section)

2.3 LPG ConsumptionEnergy Audit of IIT Bombay campus was performed in July 2008 by students of Department of Energy

Science and Engineering under the guidance of Prof. Rangan Banerjee with the goal to achieve energy

efficiency. The connected load and energy pattern was studied for all the hostels and the following

results were found:


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Assuming the calorific value of LPG as 46.4 MJ/kg, the energy consumption of LPG is 31 GJ. Thus the

major energy consumption is from LPG only. LPG consumed per student in different hostel kitchens is as

below:

Thus, considering daily energy consumption in LPG as 5 MJ, the total energy consumption in LPG for

total population is

= Daily energy consumption* Total Population residing in IIT Bombay campus

= 5*12205 MJ

=61025 MJ

Thus the annual consumption for 9 months (excluding 3 months of holidays) can be given by:

= 61025MJ * 275 = 16,781,875MJ

(Note: number of days taken as 275, because students go home for 3 months i.e. May, June, Dec)

But some students stay, assuming only 20% students and 40% residents (staff + research scholars) stay,

so for these 90days adding only 60% daily consumption:

= 61025 MJ * 60% * 90 = 3,295,350 MJ


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Hence total annual LPG consumption for IIT is: 16,781,875 MJ + 3,295,350= 20,077,225MJ

2.4 WasteAs per the table above, in 2007 total wastage per day was calculated to be 328 kg

Assuming a 100% increase in student and 40% in faculty and staff; the population in 2007 at IIT is

considered to be around 7000 members.

So current wastage= 328kg *12012/7000 kg per day = 562.848 kg

Annual wastage = 562.848 * 275 (total population on 275 days) +274.208* 90(staff + faculty+ 20%

students for rest 90 days)

Annual Wastage = 179461.9kg(*** Source from table in section 2.3)

2.5

Number of Trees in CampusFrom saplings to large trees, the number is approximated to be 2 Lakh(*** Source Mr Baikar, Estate Office)

2.6 Newspaper used in campusNumber of newspaper used daily in campus 10,000 (approx)

Annual usage: Hostel supply will be reduced during 3 months (Dec, May, June) of holidays. Hostel supply

includes on an average 200/hostel, 200*14 = 2800 Newspaper daily for hostels

During holidays hostel get only 20% of regular supply.

Hence annual hostel = 2800*275 + 2800*90*0.2 = 820400Other usage = 10000-2800 = 7200

Annual other usage = 7200*365 = 2628000

Total newspaper annual usage = 3448400

Reduction on weekends and holidays in office= 3448400-(125*2000) = 3198400

*approximately 2000 newspapers delivered in departments(*** Source Mr Ashok Kamble, Chemistry Dept. track newspaper delivery through campus)

2.7 Fuel Consumption in Local TransportFuel Consumption can be divided into 2 parts as per the records:

2.7.1 Fuel used for Tumtum and buses


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Unit of measurement Timeline Petrol Diesel Lubes CNG Total

Cost of Fuel

Consumed Oct-10 36780 7415 3744 84770 132709

in Rupees Nov-10 60275 5984 31557 138921 236737

Dec-10 70291 21479 0 162005 253775Last Quarter

2010 167346 34878 35301 385696 623221

Average per

month 55782 11626 11767 128565.333 207740.333

Year 2010 =

Average per

month *12 669384 139512 141204 1542784 2492884

Average Price(Rs per

litre for petrola nd

diesel, Rs per kg forCNG) 58 38 30

Fuel Consumed

(litres for petrol and

kg for CNG) Year 2010 11541.1 3671.36842 51426.1333

Fuel Consumed (in

litres) 5.3kg CNG=

6.9L** 11541.1 3671.36842 66951.0038

(*** Source Security Deptt, **Source-http://www.cng.com.sg/conversion-cng-faqs.html )

2.7.2 Fuel used for official carsMonth Petrol - Cars (in Litres) Diesel - Cars (in Litres)

Jan-10 962 1265

Feb-10 967 1364

Mar-10 1081 1617

Apr-10 953 1171

May-10 876 858

Jun-10 931 803

Jul-10 1120 1021

Aug-10 1127 1441

Sep-10 1080 952

Oct-10 1057 1486

Nov-10 939 927

Dec-10 973 824

Total 12066 13729
http://www.cng.com.sg/conversion-cng-faqs.htmlhttp://www.cng.com.sg/conversion-cng-faqs.htmlhttp://www.cng.com.sg/conversion-cng-faqs.htmlhttp://www.cng.com.sg/conversion-cng-faqs.html


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Therefore, Total Fuel consumption is:

CNG = 66951L

Petrol = 23607L

Diesel= 17400L

2.8 Electricity ConsumptionThe electricity data was taken from Mr Sahuu, Executive Engineer, Electrical Maintenance Department.

The detail data can be found in the attached excel sheet

Electricity_Consumption_IIT

2.9 StationeryThe stationary data was collected from Material Management Department, IIT Bombay. The details can

be found in the attached excel

Requisitions for period 2009

A-4 Xerox

Paper

(ream)

A-3 Xerox

Paper

(ream)

Envelopes

4 1/2 X 9

1/2 (No.)

Envelopes

9 x12

Envelopes

16 x 14

Seminar

Pads

Folder with

Sleeves Office files Box files Letter head

Expandabl

e cloth

envelopes

9 x 12

Envelopes

4 1/2 X 9

1/2 (No.)

Internal

Use

Envelopes

9 x 12

Internal

Use

TOTAL

CONSUMP

TION 11795 580 79250 26640 15655 9582 2735 17235 4029 29120 23340 21035 16727


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3 Calculation of Footprint for each variable3.1 Electricity ConsumedTotal electricity consumed in a year = 20,534,074.22 KWH

Factor for calculating Carbon emitted = 0.82

(*** Source http://www.gtllimited.com/pdf/corporate_forum/2nd_International_Conference_on_Green_Telecoms_India_2010.pdf )

Carbon emitted in KG = 16,837,941kg

Carbon emitted in Metric tonnes = 16837.9 MT

3.2 LPG ConsumedTotal LPG consumed in a year = 20,077,225MJ

To convert it to KWH 1 MJ = .27777 KWH


(*** Source http://www.resurgence.org/education/carbon-calculator.html )

Carbon emitted in KG = 1,170,844 KG

Carbon emitted in Metric tonnes = 1,170.844MT

3.3 Fuel Usage for VehiclesCNG used annually = 51426.1333 Liters = 66951.00377 KG


(*** Source http://www.resurgence.org/education/carbon-calculator.html )

Carbon emitted in KG = 100,426.51 KG


Petrol used annually = 23607 Liters


(*** Source http://timeforchange.org/what-is-a-carbon-footprint-definition )

Carbon emitted in KG = 54296.1 KG

Carbon emitted in Metric tonnes = 54.2MT

Diesel used annually = 17400 Liters


(*** Source http://timeforchange.org/what-is-a-carbon-footprint-definition )

Carbon emitted in KG = 46980.99474 KG


3.4 Newspaper Usage*** No recycling for Newspapers is done
http://www.gtllimited.com/pdf/corporate_forum/2nd_International_Conference_on_Green_Telecoms_India_2010.pdfhttp://www.gtllimited.com/pdf/corporate_forum/2nd_International_Conference_on_Green_Telecoms_India_2010.pdfhttp://www.gtllimited.com/pdf/corporate_forum/2nd_International_Conference_on_Green_Telecoms_India_2010.pdfhttp://www.resurgence.org/education/carbon-calculator.htmlhttp://www.resurgence.org/education/carbon-calculator.htmlhttp://www.resurgence.org/education/carbon-calculator.htmlhttp://www.resurgence.org/education/carbon-calculator.htmlhttp://www.resurgence.org/education/carbon-calculator.htmlhttp://www.resurgence.org/education/carbon-calculator.htmlhttp://timeforchange.org/what-is-a-carbon-footprint-definitionhttp://timeforchange.org/what-is-a-carbon-footprint-definitionhttp://timeforchange.org/what-is-a-carbon-footprint-definitionhttp://timeforchange.org/what-is-a-carbon-footprint-definitionhttp://timeforchange.org/what-is-a-carbon-footprint-definitionhttp://timeforchange.org/what-is-a-carbon-footprint-definitionhttp://timeforchange.org/what-is-a-carbon-footprint-definitionhttp://timeforchange.org/what-is-a-carbon-footprint-definitionhttp://www.resurgence.org/education/carbon-calculator.htmlhttp://www.resurgence.org/education/carbon-calculator.htmlhttp://www.gtllimited.com/pdf/corporate_forum/2nd_International_Conference_on_Green_Telecoms_India_2010.pdf


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Total in a year =3198400


(*** Source http://www.publicradio.org/columns/marketplace/sustainability-

answers/The%20environmental%20impact%20of%20the%20Amazon%20Kindle.pdf)

Carbon emitted in KG = 1983008 Kg

Carbon emitted in MT = 1983.008MT

3.5 People taking flights to travel3.5.1 DomesticTotal in a year =136 + 512 = 648

Include return journey = 648*2= 1296

Factor for calculating Carbon emitted = 1100

(*** Source http://lifestyle.iloveindia.com/lounge/how-to-calculate-carbon-footprint-10472.html )

Carbon emitted = 1425600 Pounds

1 pound = 0.45359237 kilograms

Carbon emitted in KG = 646641.2827 Kg

Carbon emitted in MT = 646.6412827 MT

3.5.2 InternationalTotal in a year =375

Include return journey = 375*2= 750

Factor for calculating Carbon emitted = 4400

(*** Source http://lifestyle.iloveindia.com/lounge/how-to-calculate-carbon-footprint-10472.html )

Carbon emitted = 1650000 Pounds

1 pound = 0.45359237 kilograms

Carbon emitted in KG = 748427.4105 KgCarbon emitted in MT = 748.4274105 MT

3.6 General and Food wastageTotal Annual Wastage (in kg) = 179461.9

Factor for 1 person = 2.24

(*** Source http://www.carbonify.com/carbon-calculator.htm )

Carbon emitted in KG = 401994.7Kg

Carbon emitted in MT = 401.9947 MT

3.7 Offset unit calculated by number of treesCarbon Footprint Ltd has used the estimation that on average one tree will offset 1tCO2 of Carbon

Dioxide during its full-lifetime of approximately 100 years.

(*** Source http://www.carbonfootprint.com/termsandconditions.html )

Number of Trees in IIT = 2, 00,000 (approx)
http://www.publicradio.org/columns/marketplace/sustainability-answers/The%20environmental%20impact%20of%20the%20Amazon%20Kindle.pdfhttp://www.publicradio.org/columns/marketplace/sustainability-answers/The%20environmental%20impact%20of%20the%20Amazon%20Kindle.pdfhttp://www.publicradio.org/columns/marketplace/sustainability-answers/The%20environmental%20impact%20of%20the%20Amazon%20Kindle.pdfhttp://www.publicradio.org/columns/marketplace/sustainability-answers/The%20environmental%20impact%20of%20the%20Amazon%20Kindle.pdfhttp://lifestyle.iloveindia.com/lounge/how-to-calculate-carbon-footprint-10472.htmlhttp://lifestyle.iloveindia.com/lounge/how-to-calculate-carbon-footprint-10472.htmlhttp://lifestyle.iloveindia.com/lounge/how-to-calculate-carbon-footprint-10472.htmlhttp://lifestyle.iloveindia.com/lounge/how-to-calculate-carbon-footprint-10472.htmlhttp://lifestyle.iloveindia.com/lounge/how-to-calculate-carbon-footprint-10472.htmlhttp://lifestyle.iloveindia.com/lounge/how-to-calculate-carbon-footprint-10472.htmlhttp://www.carbonify.com/carbon-calculator.htmhttp://www.carbonify.com/carbon-calculator.htmhttp://www.carbonify.com/carbon-calculator.htmhttp://www.carbonfootprint.com/termsandconditions.htmlhttp://www.carbonfootprint.com/termsandconditions.htmlhttp://www.carbonfootprint.com/termsandconditions.htmlhttp://www.carbonfootprint.com/termsandconditions.htmlhttp://www.carbonify.com/carbon-calculator.htmhttp://lifestyle.iloveindia.com/lounge/how-to-calculate-carbon-footprint-10472.htmlhttp://lifestyle.iloveindia.com/lounge/how-to-calculate-carbon-footprint-10472.htmlhttp://www.publicradio.org/columns/marketplace/sustainability-answers/The%20environmental%20impact%20of%20the%20Amazon%20Kindle.pdfhttp://www.publicradio.org/columns/marketplace/sustainability-answers/The%20environmental%20impact%20of%20the%20Amazon%20Kindle.pdf


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Emission reduction in 1 year = 2, 00,000 /100 = 2000MT

3.8 Stationery*** No recycling for Stationery is done

Total in a year =12375

Total Number of reams used = 12375/500 = 24.75

Weight of 1 ream = 2.5 kg (approx)

Total weight = 2.5 * 24.75 = 61.875 KG = 136.5894 pound

Conversion factor = 7.16 pound/pound

(1 pound = 0.45359237 kilograms)

Carbon emitted = 977.98 pound = 443 Kg

Carbon emitted in MT = .443 MT

(*** Source http://www.newsociety.com/Publishers%20CO2%20Template%20USA.pdf )
http://www.newsociety.com/Publishers%20CO2%20Template%20USA.pdfhttp://www.newsociety.com/Publishers%20CO2%20Template%20USA.pdfhttp://www.newsociety.com/Publishers%20CO2%20Template%20USA.pdfhttp://www.newsociety.com/Publishers%20CO2%20Template%20USA.pdf


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4 Total Carbon footprintThe total annual footprint of IIT Bombay is calculated as below:

S.No. Variable CO2 emitted (in MT)

1 Electricity Consumed 168372 LPG Consumed 1170.84

3 Vehicles usage

CNG 100.43

Petrol 54.2

Diesel 46.98

4 Newspaper Used 1983.008

5 Flights

Domestic 646.6

International 748.4

6 General and Food Wastage 401.99

7 Stationery 0.443

8 Trees (2000)

Hence Total CO2 emitted = 19989.9MT


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