Group Behavior and Group Dynamics

Prof. Shrinivas V K

Prof. SVK

Defining and Classifying Groups

Prof. SVK

Types of groups

Formal • Command

• Task

Informal• Interest

• Friendship

Prof. SVK

Tuckman’s Five-Stage Tuckman’s Five-Stage TheoryTheory

of Group Developmentof Group DevelopmentPerformingAdjourning

NormingStorming

FormingReturn toIndependence

Dependence/interdependence

Independence

Prof. SVK

Stages of Group Development

Prof. SVK

Stages of Group Development (cont’d)

Prof. SVK

Stages of Group Development

Prof. SVK

WhatMakesPeople

Join Groups?

StatusSecurity

Power GoalAchievement

Self-Esteem Affiliation

Prof. SVK

Group Behavior Model

Prof. SVK

External Conditions Imposed on the Group

Imposed Conditions:

• Organization’s overall strategy• Authority structures• Formal regulations• Resource constraints• Selection process• Performance and evaluation system• Organization’s culture• Physical work setting

Prof. SVK

Group Member Resources

• Knowledge, Skills, and Abilities– Interpersonal skills

• Conflict management and resolution• Collaborative problem solving• Communication

– Personality Characteristics• Sociability• Initiative• Openness• Flexibility

Prof. SVK

Group Structure - Roles

• Formal Leadership– Leadership that is imposed on the group by the

organization.– Leaders who derive their power from the

positions they occupy in the organizational structure.

– Formal leaders may or may not also be the informal leaders of the groups in which they function.

Prof. SVK

Group Structure - Roles (cont’d)

Prof. SVK

Group Structure - Roles (cont’d)

Prof. SVK

Group Structure - Norms

Prof. SVK

Group Structure - Norms (cont’d)

Prof. SVK

Typology of Deviant Workplace Behavior

Prof. SVK

Group Structure

Size

• Odd number groups do better than even.

• Groups of 7 or 9 perform better overall than larger or smaller groups.

Prof. SVK

Group Structure

Group Size

PerformanceExp

ected

Actual (d

ue to loafing)

Prof. SVK

Group Structure - Composition

Prof. SVK

Group Structure - Cohesiveness

Increasing group cohesiveness:1. Make the group smaller.2. Encourage agreement with group goals.3. Increase time members spend together.4. Increase group status and admission difficultly.5. Stimulate competition with other groups.6. Give rewards to the group, not individuals.7. Physically isolate the group.

Prof. SVK

Group Processes

Prof. SVK

Group Tasks

• Decision-making– Large groups facilitate the pooling of information

about complex tasks.– Smaller groups are better suited to coordinating

and facilitating the implementation of complex tasks.

– Simple, routine standardized tasks reduce the requirement that group processes be effective in order for the group to perform well.

Prof. SVK

Group Decision Making (cont’d)

Prof. SVK

Group Decision-Making Techniques

Prof. SVK

Attributes ofAttributes of highhigh-performance-performance

TeamsTeams

ParticipativeParticipative LLeadershipeadership AlAligned onigned on

PurposePurpose

HighHighCommunicationCommunication

CreativeCreativeTalentsTalents

FutureFutureFocusedFocused

SharedSharedResponsibilityResponsibility

High-performance Teams

RapidRapidResponseResponse

FFocused onocused onTaskTask

Prof. SVK

Group Behavior Model

Prof. SVK

Thank you…

Prof. SVK