group and organization

7/31/2019 Group and Organization

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Man was born free, and everywhere he is in chains.

Jean Jacques Rousseau
http://www.saidwhat.co.uk/quotes/famous/jean_jacques_rousseauhttp://www.saidwhat.co.uk/quotes/famous/jean_jacques_rousseau


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Reference:

George J.Bryjak

Rodney Stark


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We have to study:

Types of groups

Primary and secondary

In group and out group

Understanding organization

Formal and informal

Types of formal and informal.


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Groups

Number of people whoposses a feeling of commonidentity and who interact ina regular pattern way, e.g.

company of friends.


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Any set of two or morepersons who maintain astable pattern of socialrelation over a period of

time.


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Importance of groups

Sociologists define,

groups is important, because

they help us to understand andperhaps people behavior and

attitude in a better way


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Primary(families

and friends)

Secondary(Tax

Accountantand clients)

Types of groups


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Primary groups are those groupssuch as the family in which individual

typically have their first socialexperiences and receive their firstimportant lessons about social

reality.Primary group are also essential inthe formation of individual self-

identity.

r marygroups


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Scientist

One of the famous scientistwho draw distinctions was

Charles Horton Cooley.


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Importance of primary

groups

Primary groups areessential for formation ofindividual self identity.

Primary groups shares

warm personal relations.


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econ arygroups

Secondary groups are less inclusive,less emotional ,more formalized grouping

created and organized for some specificpurpose. Member of the secondary groupare interchangeable.

Business organizations, social clubs,political parties, even hobby clubs typicallyare secondary groups.


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Reference group

Those groups with whom a givenindividual affiliates subjectively and whosebelieves , Norms , values . Behavior a

become frame of reference for his or herlife


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U d di


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Formalorganizations arebased on clearlines of authorityand responsibility.

Formalorganizations arelarge,deliberatelyplanned groups

with establishedpersonnel,procedures, andrules for carryingout someparticular

objective or setof objectives.

Formalorganizations

Informal

organizations asactual set ofrelationshipsdeveloped by thereal nameless,facelessofficeholders

plotted onorganizationalcharts.

Informalorganizations

Understandingorganization


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Types of formal organizations

Normative

Organizations

Coercive

Organizations

UtilitarianOrganizations

BureaucraticOrganizations


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Normative Organizations

Normative organizations aresome time referred to as voluntaryassociations. Normative

organizations include charitable

and community service groups aswell as other public interestassociations. the satisfaction

members receive from

participation is the sense ofcontributing to a good cause,rather than financial or other

material payoffs.


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Coercive Organizations

This type of organization might be

termed an involuntary association.Coercive Organizations are formal

organizations that force people tojoin and typically remove them from

normal contact with the largersociety for the duration of theirmembership.


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Utilitarian Organizations

The UtilitarianOrganizations

attracts members who

are seeking sometangible, materialbenefit from their

participation. peoplego to work for

businesses, banks, orother corporation in

order to make a living.


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Bureaucratic Organizations

Bureaucraticorganizations are a

set of principles formatching people,procedures, andcircumstances to

produce the highestlevel of productivity

possible.


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Contribution of Max Weber

He showed the bureaucraticorganization to be a devicefor maximizing humanproductivity and efficiency.


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PREPARED

BY

SABA ZAINAB AND

AHSAN KHAN

group and organization

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