grm 2013: enhancing sorghum grain yield and quality for the sudano-sahelian zone of west africa...

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Enhancing sorghum grain yield and quality for the Sudano-Sahelian zone of West Africa using the Backcross Nested Association Mapping (BCNAM) approach Niaba Teme et al.2013 Start : July 2010 End : June 2014 Related GCP project G7010-05.01 GRM-LISBON 27-30 SEPT-2013 1

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Page 1: GRM 2013: Enhancing sorghum grain yield and quality for the Sudano-Sahelian zone of West Africa using the  Backcross Nested Association  Mapping (BCNAM) approach -- N Teme

Enhancing sorghum grain yield and quality for the Sudano-Sahelian zone of West Africa using the

Backcross Nested Association Mapping (BCNAM) approach

Niaba Teme et al.2013 Start : July 2010 End : June 2014

Related GCP project G7010-05.01 GRM-LISBON 27-30 SEPT-2013

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Page 2: GRM 2013: Enhancing sorghum grain yield and quality for the Sudano-Sahelian zone of West Africa using the  Backcross Nested Association  Mapping (BCNAM) approach -- N Teme

SORGHUM STAT IN MALI

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Page 3: GRM 2013: Enhancing sorghum grain yield and quality for the Sudano-Sahelian zone of West Africa using the  Backcross Nested Association  Mapping (BCNAM) approach -- N Teme

OBJECTIVES •Develop improved experimental material with enlarged genetic basis in an elites adapted background. •Phenotype improved materials in the target environments •Identify key genomic regions that accounts for phenotypic performance. •Initiate efficient molecular based breeding approaches •Enhance capacity of national breeding programs for wider use of germplasm diversity using molecular tools

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Page 4: GRM 2013: Enhancing sorghum grain yield and quality for the Sudano-Sahelian zone of West Africa using the  Backcross Nested Association  Mapping (BCNAM) approach -- N Teme

COMPONENTS •Population development •Population phenotyping •Data Management and analysis • Capacity building

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Page 5: GRM 2013: Enhancing sorghum grain yield and quality for the Sudano-Sahelian zone of West Africa using the  Backcross Nested Association  Mapping (BCNAM) approach -- N Teme

POPULATION DEVELOPMENT

Figure 1 – parental lines crossing scheme for BC1 population development

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Page 6: GRM 2013: Enhancing sorghum grain yield and quality for the Sudano-Sahelian zone of West Africa using the  Backcross Nested Association  Mapping (BCNAM) approach -- N Teme

Figure 2 - Neighbor joining tree of the BCNAM parental lines using 1320 SNPs markers

POPULATION DEVELOPMENT

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Page 7: GRM 2013: Enhancing sorghum grain yield and quality for the Sudano-Sahelian zone of West Africa using the  Backcross Nested Association  Mapping (BCNAM) approach -- N Teme

POPULATION DEVELOPMENT-

Hand emasculation/ms3

Offseason seedling preparation

Figure 3 - BC1F3 Population development offseason at Sotuba station. flowering initiation by providing short day to plant with (white boxes)

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Page 8: GRM 2013: Enhancing sorghum grain yield and quality for the Sudano-Sahelian zone of West Africa using the  Backcross Nested Association  Mapping (BCNAM) approach -- N Teme

POPULATION DEVELOPMENT

Figure 4. Selection pressure at BC1F2 level, 2009 rainy season. Extreme Genotypes in maturity and height are discarded, 3 plants selfed , 1 maintained for BC1F3

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57 POPULATIONS 6300 FAMILIES-BC1F4

70-200 FAMILIES/POPULATION

Page 9: GRM 2013: Enhancing sorghum grain yield and quality for the Sudano-Sahelian zone of West Africa using the  Backcross Nested Association  Mapping (BCNAM) approach -- N Teme

EARLY PHENOTYPING

Cinzana

Sotuba

BAMAKO

TOMBOUCTOUGAO

MOPTIKAYES

SEGOU

SIKASSO Kolombada

Côte d’ivoire

Guinée

Sénégal

Mauritanie

Niger

Burkina Faso

Algérie

Figure 5. phenotyping sites

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Page 10: GRM 2013: Enhancing sorghum grain yield and quality for the Sudano-Sahelian zone of West Africa using the  Backcross Nested Association  Mapping (BCNAM) approach -- N Teme

EARLY PHENOTYPING-

Augmented Design- Each population randomized Two dates of planting- two-three weeks apart Sites: SB1, SB2, CZ1, CZ2 Families in sub block of 10 RP is check in eack sub block. Plot = 1 row of 4m Spacing: 0.75 m between row and 0.40 m between hill 10 hills/row 150 kg/ha DAP planting time 100 kg/ha urea at 30 and 45 days after emergence

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2150 FAMILIES

Page 11: GRM 2013: Enhancing sorghum grain yield and quality for the Sudano-Sahelian zone of West Africa using the  Backcross Nested Association  Mapping (BCNAM) approach -- N Teme

EARLY PHENOTYPING: > 50 TRAITS MEASURED

Figure 6. Early phenotyping, SB2-2012 11

Page 12: GRM 2013: Enhancing sorghum grain yield and quality for the Sudano-Sahelian zone of West Africa using the  Backcross Nested Association  Mapping (BCNAM) approach -- N Teme

Figure 7: Box plot of days to flag leaf ligulation-SB1

GR//SC566-14 GR//B35

GR//CSM63 GR//Framida

GR//E36-1 GR//IS23540 GR//Gadiaba

GR//Konotene GR//CSM417 GR//CSM388

GR//White Kaur GR//IS15401

GR//Fara KK//B35

KK//E36-1 KK//CSM417 KK//IS15401

KK//Fara

50 70 90 110 130

KK GR

Figure 8:Box plot of grain yield (kg/ha)-SB1

GR//SC566-14 GR//B35

GR//CSM63 GR//Framida

GR//E36-1 GR//IS23540 GR//Gadiaba

GR//Konotene GR//CSM417 GR//CSM388

GR//White Kaur GR//IS15401

GR//Fara KK//B35

KK//E36-1 KK//CSM417 KK//IS15401

KK//Fara

0 2000 4000 6000 8000

GR KK

EARLY PHENOTYPING

Maturity variation SB1 Grain yield variation SB1

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Page 13: GRM 2013: Enhancing sorghum grain yield and quality for the Sudano-Sahelian zone of West Africa using the  Backcross Nested Association  Mapping (BCNAM) approach -- N Teme

500100015002000250030003500400045005000550060006500700075008000

11

-1 IS

15

40

1//

GR

12

-1 L

ata

3//

GR

2-1

Fa

ra//

GR

20

-1 IS

23

54

0//

GR

31

-1 B

35

//G

R

35

-1 K

on

ote

ne

//G

R

36

-1 S

C5

66

-14

//G

R

37

-1 F

ram

ida

//G

R

38

-1 C

SM

41

7//

GR

39

-1 C

SM

63

//G

R

40

-1 C

SM

38

8//

GR

41

-1 G

ad

iab

a//

GR

42

-1 W

hit

e K

au

r//G

R

8-1

E3

6-1

//G

R

Gri

ka

n

SB1

Moyenne Maximum

Re

nd

em

en

t g

rain

kg

/ha

50010001500200025003000350040004500500055006000

11

-2 IS

15

40

1//

GR

2-2

Fa

ra//

GR

20

-2 IS

23

54

0//

GR

31

-2 B

35

//G

R

35

-2 K

on

ote

ne

//G

R

36

-2 S

C5

66

-14

//G

R

37

-2 F

ram

ida

//G

R

38

-2 C

SM

41

7//

GR

39

-2 C

SM

63

//G

R

40

-2 C

SM

38

8//

GR

41

-2 G

ad

iab

a//

GR

42

-2 W

hit

e K

au

r//G

R

8-2

E3

6-1

//G

R

Gri

nk

an

SB2

Moyenne Maximum

Re

nd

em

en

t g

rain

kg

/ha

GRAIN YIELD-SB1 GRAIN YIELD-SB2

EARLY PHENOTYPING

Figures 8: grain yield SB 2013 13

Page 14: GRM 2013: Enhancing sorghum grain yield and quality for the Sudano-Sahelian zone of West Africa using the  Backcross Nested Association  Mapping (BCNAM) approach -- N Teme

500100015002000250030003500400045005000550060006500

11

-3 IS

15

40

1//

GR

2-3

Fa

ra//

GR

20

-3 IS

23

54

0//

GR

31

-3 B

35

//G

R

35

-3 K

on

ote

ne

//G

R

36

-3 S

C5

66

-14

//G

R

37

-3 F

ram

ida

//G

R

38

-3 C

SM

41

7//

GR

39

-3 C

SM

63

//G

R

40

-3 C

SM

38

8//

GR

41

-3 G

ad

iab

a//

GR

42

-3 W

hit

e K

au

r//G

R

8-3

E3

6-1

//G

R

CS

M3

88

CZ1

Moyenne Maximum

Re

nd

em

en

t g

rain

kg

/ha

50010001500200025003000350040004500

11

-4 IS

15

40

1//

GR

2-4

Far

a//G

R

31

-4 B

35

//G

R

35

-4 K

on

ote

ne

//G

R

38

-4 C

SM4

17

//G

R

39

-4 C

SM6

3//

GR

40

-4 C

SM3

88

//G

R

41

-4 G

adia

ba/

/GR

42

-4 W

hit

e K

aur/

/GR

GR

CZ2

Moyenne Maximum

Re

nd

em

en

t gra

in k

g/h

a

EARLY PHENOTYPING

GRAIN YIELD-CZ1 GRAIN YIELD-CZ2

Figures 9: grain yield CZ-2013 14

Page 15: GRM 2013: Enhancing sorghum grain yield and quality for the Sudano-Sahelian zone of West Africa using the  Backcross Nested Association  Mapping (BCNAM) approach -- N Teme

EARLY YIELD TRIAL OF PROMISING BC1F5-2013

48 failies-BC1F4 Three sites: SB, CZ, FK Two rep Two row plot

Figure 10: BCNAM early yield trial-SB 15

Page 16: GRM 2013: Enhancing sorghum grain yield and quality for the Sudano-Sahelian zone of West Africa using the  Backcross Nested Association  Mapping (BCNAM) approach -- N Teme

CAPACITY BUILDING

•Training of 11 young Malians on IBP •2 PhD students in plant breeding •1 MSc in plant breeding •Trained more than 15 BSc in plant breeding and phenotyping •Irrigation infrastructure for year around plant breeding •Experimental land availability •Offices, weather stations and computers available •Seed storage facility is under construction

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Page 17: GRM 2013: Enhancing sorghum grain yield and quality for the Sudano-Sahelian zone of West Africa using the  Backcross Nested Association  Mapping (BCNAM) approach -- N Teme

EARLY ONCLUSION

•BC1F4 populations created important source of genetic diversity for the breeding programs. •Multi-site phenotyping is under way now and may continue in 2014 • Genotyping and QTL mapping are yet to be achieved.

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Page 18: GRM 2013: Enhancing sorghum grain yield and quality for the Sudano-Sahelian zone of West Africa using the  Backcross Nested Association  Mapping (BCNAM) approach -- N Teme

FUTURE

•Advancement of the BC1 population to F6-7- fund needed •Multilocal yield trial of promising families/lines •Seed increase- fund needed •Genotyping of BC1F3 families?? •Phenotypic data analysis of populations-fund need • Multi-allelic MARS scheme- Fund needed

•Dual purpose phenotyping- fund needed • Capacity building- human resources 18

Page 19: GRM 2013: Enhancing sorghum grain yield and quality for the Sudano-Sahelian zone of West Africa using the  Backcross Nested Association  Mapping (BCNAM) approach -- N Teme

THANK YOU MERCI

THANK YOU MERCI 19

Acknowledgments •GCP for the financial support and advice •IER and ICRISAT for research facilities •CIRAD for the scientific support and advice •All support staffs involved in the conduct, collect and analysis of field data