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Integrated Breeding: Impacts and Challenges on crop productivity in Indian Poor Farmers’ Fields

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Page 1: GRM 2011: KEYNOTE ADDRESS-1: Integrated Breeding: Impacts and Challenges on crop productivity in India

Integrated Breeding: Impacts and Challenges on crop productivity in

Indian Poor Farmers’ Fields

Page 2: GRM 2011: KEYNOTE ADDRESS-1: Integrated Breeding: Impacts and Challenges on crop productivity in India

Rapeseed and mustard growing area in India

Page 3: GRM 2011: KEYNOTE ADDRESS-1: Integrated Breeding: Impacts and Challenges on crop productivity in India

Breeding objectives in B. juncea

Increase in yield

Increase in yield potential

Hybrids / pure line breeding

Stabilization breeding

Disease and pest resistance

Quality

Oil

Meal

17 10 13 26 30 4

Blight White rust Powdery mildew

Low erucic, low glucosinolate varieties Aphid Others

Page 4: GRM 2011: KEYNOTE ADDRESS-1: Integrated Breeding: Impacts and Challenges on crop productivity in India

Cluster B

Similarity Coefficient (F value)

0.82 0.86 0.91 0.95 1.00

Varuna

Pusa Jai Kisan

RH 30 Pusa Bold

Kranti

TM 4

RLM 198 Chinensis-nigra

Sej-II

PNMB Hanzahang Gaoyou Cai

Shi Yian Kuyou Cai

D3A 2

AS 1

D1S 1.3

D3S 33

PS 6 TS 2

ATC 94395

Acc. No. 404 Donskaja IV

Zem1

Skorospieka II

Cutlass

Domo IV

Malopoloska

Acc. No. 2548

Secus

Acc. No. 409 Heera

Cluster A

Cluster C

Two major gene pools in B. juncea

Indian

East European

Srivastava et al (2000) TAG

Page 5: GRM 2011: KEYNOTE ADDRESS-1: Integrated Breeding: Impacts and Challenges on crop productivity in India

Breeding of oilseed mustard

Germplasm, In vitro protocols, breeding

Two major Pollination control Molecular mapping Germplasm for

gene pools methods disease resistance

1st generation hybrids DMH-1, DMH-11

2nd generation hybrids

3rd generation hybrids

4th generation hybrids

WGS Quality Disease QTLs

resistance

Page 6: GRM 2011: KEYNOTE ADDRESS-1: Integrated Breeding: Impacts and Challenges on crop productivity in India

Performance of hybrid DMH-1 in Coordinated trials in

zone II during Rabi 2004-05, 2005-06 and 2007-08

S.

No.

Strain /

Hybrid

Seed Yield Oil Yield 1000

seed

weight

(g)

Oil

Content

(%) kg/ha %

increase

over

kg/ha %

increase

over

1 DMH-1 2053 - 812 - 3.6 38.38

2 Varuna (NC) 1592 29 616 32 5.4 37.29

3 Kranti (NC) 1701 21 677 20 4.1 39.19

4 RL-1359 (ZC) 1811 13 719 13 4.3 38.95

NC - National Check; ZC - Zonal Check

Reference: AICRPRM reports (2005, 2006, 2008)

Released by ICAR in 2009 for Zone II

(Hissar, Sriganganagar, Navgaon, Delhi, Bawal, Ludhiana, Bathinda)

Page 7: GRM 2011: KEYNOTE ADDRESS-1: Integrated Breeding: Impacts and Challenges on crop productivity in India

Performance of proposed hybrid DMH-1 in Coordinated trials in zone III during Rabi 2004-05, 2007-08 and 2008-09

S. No

Strain/ hybrid

Seed Yield Oil Yield 1000 seed

weight (g)

Oil content

(%)

Days to maturity

Kg/ha % increase

over

Kg/ha % increase

over

1 DMH1(PH) 2027 - 825 - 3.5 40.48 125

2 Varuna(NC) 1534 32.1 612 34.8 5.4 39.94 129

3 Kranti (NC) 1681 20.6 689 19.7 3.8 40.79 128

4 RL-1359 / Maya (ZC)

1697 19.4 675 22.2 4.6 39.65 131

Released by ICAR in 2010 for Zone III (Morena, Pantnagar,Faizabad, Kanpur, Kota)

PH- Proposed Hybrid; NC - National Check; ZC - Zonal Check Reference: AICRPRM reports (2005, 2006, 2008)

Page 8: GRM 2011: KEYNOTE ADDRESS-1: Integrated Breeding: Impacts and Challenges on crop productivity in India

Performance of DMH-1 in farmers field during 2009-10

Location No. of

Farmers

surveyed

Average

yield of

DMH-1 (q/ac)

Average

yield of

Check

(q/ac)

%

increase

over

check

Alwar & Dousa Distt 25 8.60 6.39 34.59

Sriganganagar 13 9.4 8.11 15.91

Rewari 11 8.60 7.85 9.55

Bharatpur & Agra 14 8.10 7.95 1.89

Page 9: GRM 2011: KEYNOTE ADDRESS-1: Integrated Breeding: Impacts and Challenges on crop productivity in India

Year Wise Production & Area Coverage Under DMH-1

Year 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11

Qty Sold (in Q)

104.92 466.49 770.86 1428

Area coverage (in ha)

4,197 23,324 38,543 71,400

Page 10: GRM 2011: KEYNOTE ADDRESS-1: Integrated Breeding: Impacts and Challenges on crop productivity in India

Location: Agra

Check (Rohini) Hybrid (DMH-1)

Page 11: GRM 2011: KEYNOTE ADDRESS-1: Integrated Breeding: Impacts and Challenges on crop productivity in India

Construct : AMVLbar-spacer-TA29(870)bn

RB LB 35SdePr bar barnase 35SpA TA29(279) ocspA

Construct : debar-TA29(279)bn

Transformation frequency : 0-2%

No. of explants used : 10,090

Frequency of male sterile plants : 2% (1/50)

Construct : AMVLbar-TA29(870)bn

Transformation frequency : 0-3.5%

No. of explants used : 7855

Frequency of male sterile plants : 59% (27/46)

Transformation frequency : 2-6%

No. of explants used : 5997

Frequency of male sterile plants : 73% (71/97)

RB LB 35SPr bar barnase 35SpA TA29(870) ocspA AMV

RB

LB 35SPr bar barnase 35SpA TA29(870) ocspA spacer AMV

bar::barnase constructs

Jagannath et al. (2001) Mol Breeding

Page 12: GRM 2011: KEYNOTE ADDRESS-1: Integrated Breeding: Impacts and Challenges on crop productivity in India

RB

BamHI BamHI

LB 35SdePr bar bswt 35SpA TA29(870) ocspA

RB LB

BamHI BamHI

35SdePr bar bswt 35SpA TA29(870) ocspA bswt A9(1500) 35SpA

a) bar/TA29-bswt

c) bar/A9bswt::TA29bswt

b) bar/A9(280)TA29(330)-bswt

d) bar/A9bsmod::TA29bswt

RB bswt 35SpA TA29(330) A9(280)

BamHI

LB 35SdePr bar ocspA

BamHI

bar::barstar constructs

RB 35SpA LB

BamHI BamHI

35SdePr bar bswt TA29(870) ocspA bsmod A9(1500) 35SpA

Bisht et al. (2004) Mol Breeding

Page 13: GRM 2011: KEYNOTE ADDRESS-1: Integrated Breeding: Impacts and Challenges on crop productivity in India

SEED YIELD (Kg/Ha) OF DMH-11 UNDER BIO-SAFETY TRIAL-1 (BRL-1) DURING RABI 2010-11

S No Entry

ICAR Centre

Total Mean % Increase

over Kumher Alwar Sgnagar

1 Varuna (barnase) 1986 1789 2513 6287 2096 24%

2 EH-2 (Barstar) 1730 1842 2455 6026 2009 29%

3 Varuna 1866 1741 2670 6278 2093 24%

4 EH-2 1793 1716 2182 5691 1897 37%

5 DMH-11 2285 2515 3000 7801 2600

6 Maya/RL-1359 (ZC) 2057 1767 2287 6112 2037 28%

Page 14: GRM 2011: KEYNOTE ADDRESS-1: Integrated Breeding: Impacts and Challenges on crop productivity in India

BRL-I Trial, Kumher

BRL-I Trial, Navgaon

Crossability study at Bawana

BRL-I Trial, Sri Ganganagar

Page 15: GRM 2011: KEYNOTE ADDRESS-1: Integrated Breeding: Impacts and Challenges on crop productivity in India

Molecular map of B. juncea genome

By 2003

(TAG, 106:607-614)

By 2011

1. Total no. of markers 1029 2160

2. Types of markers

a) AFLP 996 1282

b) RFLP 33 70

c) SSR 0 279

d) Gene markers

e) Intron spanning markers

0

0

13

778

3. Total length (cM) 1628.7 1850.2

4. Assigning LGs to A and

B genomes

- 10 A genome LGs

8 B genome LGs

5. Traits tagged

a) Erucic acid - Candidate genes

b) Linoleic acid - Candidate genes

c) Seed coat colour d) Glucosinolates

- -

SSR markers

Candidate genes

Page 16: GRM 2011: KEYNOTE ADDRESS-1: Integrated Breeding: Impacts and Challenges on crop productivity in India

wg2a4a 0.0

e39m55h163 7.1

p65t76v198 20.2

p79t78v127 29.2

p65m62h265 33.3

e54t75h129 40.9

e47t64v352 45.9

e39m50h446 54.8

p62t78h185 63.1

p53t76h368 68.4

FAE1.2 72.6 e79t78v205 76.1

e50t67v375 87.1

p32t77v268 110.1

p65m62h181 118.4

e31m50v273 122.9 ea-2

(39

%)

B7

e31m60v98 0.0 e48t78v400 3.6

e34m50v82 12.6

wg2h1 19.4

p62m39v124 27.8

e39m50v500 36.0

e54t71h380 46.7 e32t66h142 49.2

e32t66v191 FAE1.1 50.1

e31m60v195 52.6

p65t90v258 59.9

ea-1

(60

.8%

)

A8

Tagging of two loci of erucic

acid (ea1 and ea2) by

candidate gene polymorphism

Page 17: GRM 2011: KEYNOTE ADDRESS-1: Integrated Breeding: Impacts and Challenges on crop productivity in India

Development of Low GSL Varuna through DH

Varuna X Heera No. of low GSL plants Year

F1 DH Expected - 50% Actual - 44%

7/ 752 1999 - 2000

X Varuna

BC1 DH

11 / 1263 2000 - 01

Expected - 75% Actual - 61%

BC2 DH

Expected - 87.5% Actual - 75%

8 / 728 2001 - 02

X Varuna

X Varuna

BC3 DH Expected - 93.7% Actual - 82%

13 / 1380 2002 - 03

X Varuna

BC4 DH

22/3479

2003 - 04 27/ 3550

Expected - 96.8% Actual - 86%

BC5DH 2004 - 05

x Varuna

Expected - 96.8% Actual - 86%*

*No further increase in Varuna genome due to linkage drag

Page 18: GRM 2011: KEYNOTE ADDRESS-1: Integrated Breeding: Impacts and Challenges on crop productivity in India

Mapping of GSL-elong, GSL-alk, GSL-pro and Myb 28 genes

in B. juncea

p58m71h154 0.0

ec3f1 7.7

p65m47v155*v 15.1

e46t65h723 26.5

p62t78v278*v 36.1

p48t94v336*v 47.7

ec2c12 58.9

p80m48v270 66.9

p33t83h171 76.7 p58m35h184 82.5

GSLelonR1/R2 84.2 e34m43v260 86.8 A75 88.3

e34m43h335 91.3

A2

GSLalkR2 0.0

e44m50h155 6.3

e34m43h360 13.1

e31m60h440 18.6

e58m44v202 27.2

p33t83v197 37.1

DGAT1 43.1

e50t66v251 49.1

e48m39v773 60.4

Dfr-R 65.0

p58m71v952 78.9

e34m62v390*h 87.7

e34m43v310 95.7

p53m47h350 102.1

e46m59v304 110.4

e48t78h132 120.5

p48t94h261 129.2

A9

e35t69h736 0.0

e31m50h174 10.8

e34m62v219 25.3

p64t66h390 34.5

FAD6.2 43.5

e51t78v450 53.9

e47t64h233 62.4

e34m43h350 71.5 e31m62v199 75.3 N17 79.8 GSLalkN1.2 80.9 N19 83.3

e31m60h223 90.7

N183 102.7

p53t76v392 110.5

e62t65h147 121.6

N89 130.6

B4

WR 0.0

p62m59h197 9.5

e62m32h183 16.4

e47m43h330 23.2

e31m58v101 33.4 e48m39v100 35.3 GSLelonR3 37.0 ec4c11 40.0

p58t68v455 47.1

A131 54.1 p63t78v400 57.2

A4

e50m32v292 0.0

p33t66v200 16.7

e32t66h147 24.5

wg3g9a 32.8

e31m50h335 40.3

e35t63h280 45.6

p64m32h258 63.9

p53m42v139 74.2

p62m59v465 82.1

p33m38v260 97.4

e44m39v89 104.0

e34m49v163 113.5 p48m67h295 115.5 GSLelonN2 117.5 N15 120.

6 e62m32v179 124.5

e44m50h105 137.2

p63t78h267 148.2

B8

e32t70v718 0.0

p61m57v318 8.1

e45m34h420*v 15.4 e31m61v99 24.0 R42.1 27.2 R187 27.9 GSLelonR4/R5

myb28a 28.4

31.6 ec2d8 34.3

wg6d6 44.4

e47t74v415 53.1 p33m32h332 58.7 e31m47h153 63.6

GSLalkR1.1 64.2 e62m32h170 67.9 e48m39v160 71.4

p53m47h173*h 81.3

A1 90.2

e39t74v736 99.1

p33m38h274*h 104.9

e34m62h290 117.0

A3

102.1

e42t70h733

e34t74h719 0.0

e39m55h425

p32m66v901

e58m40h85

91.7 p33m32h148

p53m42h188 77.3

58.0 e44m39h131

e45m34h101

8.4

16.7

24.1

41.8

B1

wg1g6b 0.0

p48t67v370 9.1

p63m50h215 18.1

p62t78v265 29.5

p53t91h252 36.1

e34m50v205 46.4

e62m33h241 55.6

N135 63.0

p87m38h176 72.6

e31m62h288 77.7

GsLelonN1 89.3

B6

Gsl-pro

myb28b

Ann.locus

Page 19: GRM 2011: KEYNOTE ADDRESS-1: Integrated Breeding: Impacts and Challenges on crop productivity in India

Pyramiding the desired recombinants

A3 A2 B1 A9 Activity Schedule Identification

of desired

recombinants

2006-07

311-1 (BC5DH)

gsl3

570-497 (BC4DH) 402-23 (BC5DH) 411-166 (BC4DH)

gsl5

gsl1

gsl2 QTL-NIL

identification

and crosses

2006-07

F1

X

gsl3

Size of BC4DH and BC5DH population genotyped: 1595; No. of makers: 18

gsl1 gsl5

X

gsl2 Three loci

pyramiding 2007, Leh

gsl1/+

gsl2/+

gsl3/+

Desired

2007-08 Four loci

pyramiding

Desired gsl1/+

gsl3/+

gsl5/+

X

gsl2

Desired heterozygotes were identified

through MAS after screening 100

individuals in each cross

MAS – DH and four loci

low GSL lines DH and three loci

low GSL lines 2008-09

gsl1/gsl1, gsl2/gsl2, gsl3/gsl3 gsl1/gsl1, gsl2/gsl2, gsl3/gsl3, gsl5/gsl5

Page 20: GRM 2011: KEYNOTE ADDRESS-1: Integrated Breeding: Impacts and Challenges on crop productivity in India

At5g05920 2.4

At5g13190a 12.8

At5g53920 31.9

At1g74640a 48.5

At5g27740b 77.6

ELONG R1 90.1

At5g61970 95.4

Msl S

qm

s

At4g35530 6.9

At4g21105 18.3

At1g74640b 27.8 ELONG R4/Myb28a 29.9

At3g54670b 37.1

At3g10572b 50.6

At4g01897a 62.5 ALK R1 64.2

At2g30200a 77.5 Tsw

S

ql

Pbr

ALK R2 0.6 At5g27560 8.6

At5g63905 21.5

At2g14170a 34.2

At2g19260 44.9

At3g46560 57.9

At2g03060 68.3

At1g22860 78.5

At3g55430a 90.6

At3g62620 104.4

At2g20490b 118.0

At2g22370 129.7

At3g06483 8.8

At3g10572a 19.1

At3g20920 30.1

At5g47890 44.6 At5g27830

46.2

At5g66290 53.2

At1g58220a 55.3

At3g23980 61.6

At3g14850 74.3

At3g12260b 84.9

At3g13062 100.4

A2 A3 A9 B1

117

75

25

118

12

123

4-5

63520

ELONG R1

61970

?

27740b

74640b

ELONGR4

Myb28a

14045

05755 05590 54670b

?

Myb28b

Tagging of loci involved in glucosinolate

biosynthesis in B. juncea

?

Negative yield QTL from low GSL parent

Page 21: GRM 2011: KEYNOTE ADDRESS-1: Integrated Breeding: Impacts and Challenges on crop productivity in India

Development of ’00’ Hybrid in mustard

Activity Timeline

Summer 2011

Barnase F1 x ’00’ Varuna 2011 -12

Identification of barnase ’00’

Varuna 2012 - 13

Experimental ’00’ hybrid 2013-14

Field trial of ’00’ hybrid 2014 - 15

Barnase Varuna x ‘00’ Varuna

Page 22: GRM 2011: KEYNOTE ADDRESS-1: Integrated Breeding: Impacts and Challenges on crop productivity in India

Fatty acid composition of ‘0’ erucic and ‘0’ erucic high oleic mustard lines

Oil types 14:0 16:0 18:0 18:1 18:2 18:3 22:1

Mustard Oil 0.0 2.63 1.15 12.09 16.17 12.09 46.87

Olive Oil 0.0 9.53 3.2 77.91 6.33 0.57 0.0

’00’ Canola 0.0 4.97 0.74 60.29 21.39 10.49 0.38

‘0’ Erucic mustard* 0.0 4.1 1.1 53.4 23.9 15.5 0.0

‘0’ Erucic high oleic mustard*

0.0 2.2 1.2 74.8 9.5 9.3 0.0

* These lines have been developed in this project

16:0 Palmitic acid, 18:0 Stearic acid, 18:1 Oleic acid, 18:2 Linoleic acid, 18:3 Linolenic acid, 22:1 erucic acid

Sivaraman et al. (2004) Mol Breeding

Page 23: GRM 2011: KEYNOTE ADDRESS-1: Integrated Breeding: Impacts and Challenges on crop productivity in India

White rust

• Phenotyping of VH and TD mapping

populations identified two different loci

for white rust resistance

• The two loci are being transferred to

different B. juncea lines using tightly

linked markers

Page 24: GRM 2011: KEYNOTE ADDRESS-1: Integrated Breeding: Impacts and Challenges on crop productivity in India

A4

At3g63420b*(3g150) 0.0 At3g54650(3g66) 2.4 At3g58500a*(3g165) At3g55440b(3C-18) 4.7 p62m59h197 5.5 At5g37480(5gAJ30k) At1g77550(174)

At4g13940*b(4C3) WR3 At5g37580(288)

6.4

At5g37630(5g59) 7.3 At5g37850(5gAJ31) 8.2 WR17 9.2 WR22 9.9 At5g41560(5gAJ35) 10.6 At1g66410(254d) At2g21150(2g135) WR26 11.8

At5g36880*(5g57v) At2g22000a(2g136) 12.5 At2g22640(2g137) 13.3 At2g24765a*(2C-9) 15.8 At2g25737(2C-10) p53m47h285 17.4 At2g28880b*(2C-15) 22.8 At1g69980(1gLP78) 25.2 e47m43h330 At2g30130*(AJ-2g11) 26.2 At2g31490a(2g59a) 29.8 At2g33040(417) At2g07440b*(2g105) At2g32520(2g61) 32.5

e31m58v101 36.4 GE-R3 At2g35790(2g66) 39.8 At2g36530c*(2C-22) 42.1 At2g37040*(ec4c11) 43.1 At2g37150*(wg4a4) 43.7 At2g40690*(wg5b2) At2g40765b(2g74b) 53.3 At1g76540(183b) 55.3 At2g42040(2g76) 56.6 p63t78v400 62.2 At2g44520(2g167) 74.9

Wh

ite

rust

Varuna-Heera

WR locus:7-17cM

TM4-Donskaja

WR locus:18-24cM

A5

Wh

ite

rust

At2g46390(2g82) 0.0

2g472.2 15.1 2g428 20.9 e47t70v258 e51t78t290 2g337 p32t77d380 27.3

2g415(b) e55t73t240 29.1 2g415(a) e50t66t380 29.6 e31m42v144 e35t63v351 e48t78v225 msa21 e34m62v89 e31m58v430 e31m61v136 e34m62v157 e31m49v336 e34m62t160 2g55(NCB)

32.6

e31m49v295 34.4 e31m50t98 43.9

p32t77v301 p32t77d310 56.9 3g14 57.5

2g385 64.5 e34m62d143 66.5 5g218 68.6 e35t63v240 70.4

Page 25: GRM 2011: KEYNOTE ADDRESS-1: Integrated Breeding: Impacts and Challenges on crop productivity in India

Marker-assisted introgression of two white rust

resistance loci into popular Indian varieties of mustard

Donskaja IV AcB1-A5.1

X EH-2 AcB1-A4.1

F1

DH (296 lines)

Foreground selection

AcB1-A5.1 – (At2g36360)

AcB1-A4.1 - (At5g41560 and At5g41940)

Line no. 67, 98, 144 and 207

• contain two resistance loci

• Early maturity

• Good plant type

Pusa bold

Varuna

Pusa Jai Kisan

Rohini

EH-2

X

F1 BC1

Foreground and background

selection

BC3 Selfing / DH

Page 26: GRM 2011: KEYNOTE ADDRESS-1: Integrated Breeding: Impacts and Challenges on crop productivity in India

Erucic acid

No. of

Genes

Indian Gene

Pool

EE Gene

Pool

Glucosinolates

Seed coat color

Oil content

Seed size

Pod density

Height

+

B

+

+

+

+

-

-

Linolenic content

Linoleic content

-

-

+

Y

-

-

2r

5r

2r

7 loci

4 loci

?

2 loci

3 loci

3 loci

Page 27: GRM 2011: KEYNOTE ADDRESS-1: Integrated Breeding: Impacts and Challenges on crop productivity in India

B3

e47m43h258 0.0

At3g54670a 14.6

At3g55005a* 15.6

At3g54130 17.3

e55t63h137*h 22.2

At4g04190 29.8

e34m43v140*h 32.6

At3g47610* 36.1

At3g45620* 37.4

At3g43610 38.8

At4g03150 40.5

e46m59v402 42.0

At4g00585a 44.5

At4g01310 47.3

p53m48v227 48.3

At4g01897b 50.9

At4g10930 55.9

At2g26590a 58.8

At4g10050 59.6

e31m61v235 61.2

At2g34860 62.9

At1g14620a At2g44050

68.1

p33m67v370 70.7

At2g41530 73.2

At2g45690b 78.3

e50t70v238 82.5

At2g07340 88.5

At3g47370* 90.0

e44m50h298 93.1

At4g09820* 93.7

At4g07666b 94.2

At5g59140a 99.8

e31m42h150 103.6

At5g17410* 108.3

At5g17840 108.8

At5g15750 110.1

p87t77v400 113.3

At5g13480* 113.8

At5g13030 115.0

p65t71h400 125.3

At5g09310a 126.9

At5g01220 p53t82h195

131.8

N

M

O

P

J

W

R

o

I

a

G

P P

rim

ary

bra

nches (

15.2

%)

Secondary

bra

nches (

9.3

%)

Sili

qua p

er

main

shoot

(17.1

%)

Sili

qua p

er

pla

nt

(11.4

%)

Sili

qua le

ngth

(8.9

%)

Test w

eig

ht

(13.1

6%

) Sili

qua d

ensity (

6.9

5%

)

Sili

qua d

ensity (

7.3

2%

)

A3

At5g06240b* 0.0

e34m62h290 9.2

R71 26.2

At3g46180* 30.3

A1 At2g36930a 35.9

At2g31490b 41.1

At2g36305 42.8

At2g36530b* 43.5

At2g40765c 44.5

At2g42780 47.7

p40m82v935 48.9

At2g45690a 50.2

At2g25740a 53.1

At2g26590b 53.7

At2g23390 54.5

At5g50320 55.4

At2g23090b 58.3

e62m32h170 59.6

GA-R1 At4g02980 63.5

At4g01897a 65.2

p33m32h332 At3g04460

69.5

At3g04950a 70.3

wg7a11 77.6

At3g10572b 79.2

At3g15120 84.1

At3g16640*b At3g17300a

84.9

At3g21400 87.5

p45m43v250 90.2

At3g54670b 93.0

At2g05990* At2g05755

94.7

At2g12462* 95.7

At2g12400* 97.3

GE-R5 GSLelonR4 GE-R4

100.2

At1g74640b 102.0

At3g52300 At3g51260c*

104.5

At4g17900a* At4g16060b

106.9

At4g21400 108.2

At4g23100a At4g20150b

109.2

At4g21105 110.4

At4g24440 113.4

At4g17050a 114.1

At4g28830 118.4

At2g19110* 120.3

At4g30310 At4g30790b

120.9

At4g35530 At4g36960b*

121.8

At4g26240b 123.5

At4g00585b 127.2

e32t70v718 129.2

R

J

I

O

F

N

T

U

G-H

s

j

a

w

Sili

qua le

ngth

(5.0

6%

) T

est w

eig

ht

(11.6

1%

)

At2g27490 At3g50230* 55.3

e39m32h153 58.9

At1g23440* 60.4

At2g15430b* 66.5

At2g04235 At3g24315

67.5

At2g06510* 68.2

At2g16860 69.1

At2g19560 At2g18410

70.4

E

N

I

B

G

H f

ec5a6 0.0

p53m42h153 11.5

At1g68310*a 17.6

At1g67170*a 19.8

p62t78v211 22.7

At1g79040 29.7

At1g79950* 31.5

At3g56290 37.6

At3g55005c* 38.4

At3g53190a* 41.5

At2g28880a* 49.5

52.7

A7 Pla

nt h

eig

ht (2

8.2

2%

)

Prim

ary

bra

nches (2

9.6

8)

Secondary

bra

nches (7

.74%

)

Secondary

bra

nches (1

1.1

4%

)

Siliq

ua p

er p

lant (7

.98%

)

Siliq

ua le

ngth

(7.9

2%

) S

eeds p

er s

iliqua (1

3.5

9%

)

Test w

eig

ht (9

.68%

) S

iliqua d

ensity

(21.6

0%

)

Days to

flow

er (1

2.8

4%

)

Oil c

onte

nt (8

.93%

)

A10

e34m43h119 0.0 At1g02870 0.7

At1g04950* 5.9

e50m32h84 10.8

At5g59140b 14.2

At5g20250* 19.9 p53m70v126 21.5

At5g15400a 35.2 At5g14920* 36.9 At5g13190b 40.0

At5g11960 44.3 p58m35v180 46.2

At5g09310c 52.6

p48m67v150 55.9

At5g06240a* 59.5 At5g05920 62.0

ec5a7 65.9

At5g01160 71.3 p62m66v931 72.5

A

W

R

Pla

nt h

eig

ht (2

4.2

2%

)

Prim

ary

bra

nches (2

3.2

6%

)

Secondary

bra

nches (1

8.8

5%

)

Siliq

ua p

er m

ain

shoot (3

5.2

6%

)

Siliq

ua p

er m

ain

shoot (7

.69%

)

Siliq

ua p

er p

lant (1

2.2

1%

)

Siliq

ua le

ngth

(24.3

1%

)

Seeds p

er s

iliqua (2

4.9

8%

)

Test w

eig

ht (2

0.0

5%

)

Siliq

ua d

ensity

(6.7

5%

)

Days to

flow

er (4

3.6

4%

)

Oil c

onte

nt (2

0.3

0%

)

Four major QTL

for seed size

Page 28: GRM 2011: KEYNOTE ADDRESS-1: Integrated Breeding: Impacts and Challenges on crop productivity in India

Meta-analysis for fine mapping of QTL

cluster on A10

At1g02870 0.0e50t66h372 1.9e62t65v520 4.1

e45m34v225 4.9At5g59140 9.2

e39m50v415 11.6e60t65v275 13.3p79t78d67 16.4

At5g16280 27.3

p63t78d239 35.2

e34m62t170 44.4

At5g09310 49.5

PL

HT

-5

PB

R-3

SB

R-6

MS

L-2

MS

L-3

SQ

MS

-2

SQ

P-3

SQ

L-5

SQ

L-6

SS

Q-4

TS

W-6

SQ

DY

-3

DF

-3

OIL

-4

A10-TD

e34m43h119 0.0At1g02870 0.7

e50t66h372 2.4e62t65v520 5.9e50m32h84 10.0At5g59140 13.1

e60t65v275 13.9e58t75v160 15.1At5g20250 17.8At5g18670 20.3At5g17270 25.7At5g16330 28.1At1g72550 30.5

At5g15400a 32.6At5g14920 34.5

At5g13190b 37.8wg8g7 41.2

Ni4-A03 44.1

At5g09310 49.9

p48m67v150 52.9

At5g06240a 56.4At5g05920a 58.9

ec5a7 62.8At5g07690b 65.6

At5g01160 68.7p62m66v931 70.0

PL

HT

-3

PB

R-2

SB

R-5

SB

R-6

SQ

MS

-2

SQ

MS

-3S

QM

S-4

SQ

P-5

SQ

L-6 S

SQ

-4

TS

W-8

SQ

DY

-4

DF

-5

OIL

-4

A10-VH

Meta-analysis

A10-INT

e34m43h119 0.0p62m45h450 2.4p58m59h121 4.9

Na12-E09(A137) 6.2

e31m42t380 10.8Ra2-E03(R65) 13.4

p53m70v126 18.2

At5g18680(386) 21.8

At5g17270(217-2a) 25.9At5g16360(352) 28.1At1g72550(213) 30.8

At5g15840(5g-131) 33.0At5g14920(5C15) 35.4At5g13190b(5g19) 38.8At5g19510(254b) 42.2

Ni4-A03(N1190) 45.3

p33m71v921 50.2

p48m67v150 54.2

At5g05920a(5g8) 58.9

At5g07690b(NCB) 66.8

p62m66v931 71.1

A10-INT

A10-TD

A10-VH

At1g02870 0.0e50t66h372 1.9e62t65v520 4.1

e45m34v225 4.9At5g59140 9.2

e39m50v415 11.6e60t65v275 13.3p79t78d67 16.4

At5g16280 27.3

p63t78d239 35.2

e34m62t170 44.4

At5g09310 49.5

PL

HT

-5

PB

R-3

SB

R-6

MS

L-2

MS

L-3

SQ

MS

-2

SQ

P-3

SQ

L-5

SQ

L-6

SS

Q-4

TS

W-6

SQ

DY

-3

DF

-3

OIL

-4

A10-TD

e34m43h119 0.0At1g02870 0.7

e50t66h372 2.4e62t65v520 5.9e50m32h84 10.0At5g59140 13.1

e60t65v275 13.9e58t75v160 15.1At5g20250 17.8At5g18670 20.3At5g17270 25.7At5g16330 28.1At1g72550 30.5

At5g15400a 32.6At5g14920 34.5

At5g13190b 37.8wg8g7 41.2

Ni4-A03 44.1

At5g09310 49.9

p48m67v150 52.9

At5g06240a 56.4At5g05920a 58.9

ec5a7 62.8At5g07690b 65.6

At5g01160 68.7p62m66v931 70.0

PL

HT

-3

PB

R-2

SB

R-5

SB

R-6

SQ

MS

-2

SQ

MS

-3S

QM

S-4

SQ

P-5

SQ

L-6 S

SQ

-4

TS

W-8

SQ

DY

-4

DF

-5

OIL

-4

A10-VH

Meta-analysis

A10-INT

e34m43h119 0.0p62m45h450 2.4p58m59h121 4.9

Na12-E09(A137) 6.2

e31m42t380 10.8Ra2-E03(R65) 13.4

p53m70v126 18.2

At5g18680(386) 21.8

At5g17270(217-2a) 25.9At5g16360(352) 28.1At1g72550(213) 30.8

At5g15840(5g-131) 33.0At5g14920(5C15) 35.4At5g13190b(5g19) 38.8At5g19510(254b) 42.2

Ni4-A03(N1190) 45.3

p33m71v921 50.2

p48m67v150 54.2

At5g05920a(5g8) 58.9

At5g07690b(NCB) 66.8

p62m66v931 71.1

A10-INT

Meta-analysis

A10-INT

e34m43h119 0.0p62m45h450 2.4p58m59h121 4.9

Na12-E09(A137) 6.2

e31m42t380 10.8Ra2-E03(R65) 13.4

p53m70v126 18.2

At5g18680(386) 21.8

At5g17270(217-2a) 25.9At5g16360(352) 28.1At1g72550(213) 30.8

At5g15840(5g-131) 33.0At5g14920(5C15) 35.4At5g13190b(5g19) 38.8At5g19510(254b) 42.2

Ni4-A03(N1190) 45.3

p33m71v921 50.2

p48m67v150 54.2

At5g05920a(5g8) 58.9

At5g07690b(NCB) 66.8

p62m66v931 71.1

A10-INT

A10-TD

A10-VH

Page 29: GRM 2011: KEYNOTE ADDRESS-1: Integrated Breeding: Impacts and Challenges on crop productivity in India

Different Mapping Populations Developed in B. juncea

Cross Type of

population

Total markers

available

Traits of interest

Varuna x Heera

(VH)

1200 DH lines,

465 RILs

AFLP- 1290

RFLP- 70

IP- 749

Microsatellites- 189

Gene markers- 32

Seed size (5.2 TSW : 2.6 TSW),

Oil content (42% : 36%),

Oil and meal quality

TM4 x Donskaja

(TD)

134 DH lines AFLP- 585

IP- 318

Microsatellites- 8

White rust resistance,

Oil content (41% : 45%)

Donskaja x EH2

(DEH)

296 DH lines IP- 323

Microsatellites- 113

Gene markers- 8

Oil content (45% : 36%),

Oil and meal quality

EH2 x J8

(EHJ8)

1000 DH lines Oil content (36% : 49%),

Oil and meal quality

EH2 x Pusa Jai Kisan

(EHPJ)

300 DH lines Seed size (2.6TSW : 7.0 TSW),

Oil content (36% : 42%),

Oil and meal quality

Page 30: GRM 2011: KEYNOTE ADDRESS-1: Integrated Breeding: Impacts and Challenges on crop productivity in India

NDDB / MDFVPL

Farming Communities Funding and Production of Seeds

DBT Funding

ICAR

Technology Development and trials UDSC

Trials

SFCI & Private Companies Seed production

Page 31: GRM 2011: KEYNOTE ADDRESS-1: Integrated Breeding: Impacts and Challenges on crop productivity in India

Technology mapping

Basic work/ Genomics/Pre-breeding/ Breeding/Field application

Open source – Germplasm/Pre-breeding

CG Institutions – need to spearhead global agricultural research

Challenges Ahead

Page 32: GRM 2011: KEYNOTE ADDRESS-1: Integrated Breeding: Impacts and Challenges on crop productivity in India

Collaborations

Dr. Arundhati Mukhopadhyay Prof. Akshay Pradhan

Dr. Vibha Gupta Dr. Pradeep Burma

Dr. Y. S. Sodhi Dr. Naveen Bisht

Dr. N. Arumugam Dr. Indira Sivaraman

Dr. Arun Jagannath Dr. N. Ramchiary

Mr. Jagdish Verma Dr. Priya Panjabi

Mr. B. S. Yadav Dr. Amrendra

Dr. Sarita Sharma Dr. Lakshmi K. Padmaja

Dr. Satish Yadav Mr. Diwakar Nandan