grid modernization program area
TRANSCRIPT
Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-mission laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy’s National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000
SandiaNationalLaboratoriesGridModernizationProgramArea
CharlesHanleyDecember,2016
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Sandia’sGridModernizationVision
Aworldofinterdependent andvariabledistributedsystemsthatareoptimized atmultiple scales– including transmission– tomaximizelocalresourcesinprovidingsecure,resilient,andcleanenergytoallusersatalltimes.
Ourcapabilitiessupport thisvision:- DERandrenewableenergyintegration- Powerelectronicsandcontrols- Secureandscalablemicrogrids- Advancedgridanalytics/complexsystems- Infrastructureinterdependencies- Cyberandphysicalsecurity- Embeddedsensors, information
processing,andsecuremanufacturing- Energystoragesystems
Picturecourtesyof:SmartGrid2030
Sandia’sGridModernizationProgramStructure
GridModernizationandMilitary
EnergySystems(CharlesHanley)
EnergyStorageandPowerElectronics(Babu
Chalamala)
DistributedSystemsandRenewableIntegration
(AbrahamEllis)
TransmissionOperations,Planning, andControls (RossGuttromson)
Civilian Cyber(Silpan Patel)
DefenseEnergy(AlanNanco)
Sandia’sEnergyStorageResearchCrosscutsSeveralTechnologyAreas
WiderangingR&Dcoveringenergystoragetechnologieswithapplicationsinthegrid,transportation,andstationarystorage
ImprovingGridResilienceinPlanningandOperations
• Sandiadevelopedaframeworkforrigorousquantificationofenergysystemresilience
• Thisframeworkenablesdecisionmakingtoobtaindemonstrableresilienceimprovements
• PJMPartnership:AppliedtoGMDasathreatweconsider
– MultiplescenariosforworstcaseGMDintensityanduncertaintyintheorientationoftheGMD
– Formulateanoptimizationproblemwhereminimizingconsequencesofoneormultipletypes istheobjective
– Thisresultsinanon-linearprogram(operations)oramixed-integernon-linearprogram(planning)
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Prob
abili
ty o
f Con
sequ
ence
s [$
] Giv
en T
hrea
t X
Consequences [$]
Reduced Expected Financial Consequence
Reduced Risk
Baseline System Resilience
Resilience of System after Improvements Improvements
must cost significantly less
than E-E’
E’(C) E(C)
DEROptimalControl
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3 kW PV Inverter
20 kW Battery
Plug In Electric Vehicle
Single Customer
200 W Micro-
inverter
Market Engine
Communication System (Advanced Grid Function Dispatch and
Monitoring)
Forecasting(Solar, Wind,
Load)Real-Time Optimization
Virtual Power Plant
Payment for services
MarketsTransmission Energy Market via ISO/RTO/
TSO Balancing Authority
Geographical Information
Distribution Energy Market
200 W Micro-
inverter
200 W Micro-
inverter
200 W Micro-
inverter
200 W Micro-
inverter
200 W Micro-
inverter
200 W Micro-
inverter
200 W Micro-
inverter = 200Micro-inverters
IEC 61850-90-7 over SEP 2.0, OpenADR, via TCP/IP, Wi-Fi, Zigbee
115 kV 12.47 kV 120/240 V
Transmission System
20 kW Battery
Gateway Gateway
Security Engine
bids commitments
commitments expected power/load for multiple time horizons
DER status, information on additional DER connections
3 MW Wind
Turbine
1 MW Diesel Genset
Medium Voltage Distribution System Low Voltage Distribution System
advanced DER commands
Removal of DER from VPP due to cyber compromise, natural disasters, communication failures, etc.
IEC 61850-90-7 IEC 61850-90-7Communication Losses/Failures
Web-based Meteorological
Information
Backend High Performance Computing
Single CustomerSingle Customer
Wireless
Database of recent threats/
vulnerabilities
• Thisiswherewearegoing…
Keyquestion:Howdoweensurereliability,securityandoptimality?
• Sandiaworkingonsolutions…VirtualPowerPlant
• DispatchResources• OfAnyKind• ForAnyPurpose
AnalysisofHighPen.DER(PV)onDistributionCircuits• AssessimpactsandmitigationofDERon
distributionsystems,mainlyPVandstorage• Developadvancedanalysistechniques,simulation
tools,solarvariabilitydata• DGscreeningandinterconnectionprocedures
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Interconnectionscreening&Interconnectionprocedures
AdvancedInverterR&DaddressingsystemreliabilityissuesandincreasingREpenetration
RELIABILITY:Ø VandFsupport (autonomous andclosed-loop)Ø Tolerancetogriddisturbances(V/FTR)Ø Advancedprotection (e.g.,fasttriptoaddressTrOV)Ø SCADAintegrationandinteroperabilityØ CSI4projecttodeterminedefaultandoptimalAIsettingsRENEWABLEINTEGRATION:
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Volt/Var Function
Partners:CPUC
SandiaDevelopingSecure,ResilientMicrogrids
• Sandia’smicrogridresearchspansadvancedconceptsthroughapplications:– Controlsandoptimization theory– Resiliencetheory– Cybersecurity– MissionAssurance
• SmartPowerInfrastructureDemonstrationforEnergyReliabilityandSecurity(SPIDERS)
• HobokenandNJTransit• Remotesites:Alaska,Caribbean,
ForwardOperatingBases• AdditionalDODandinternational
microgridwork.
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Designleadon3SPIDERSmicrogridsforDOD
InthewakeofHurricaneSandy, ledthedesignofresilientmicrogridsforNJTransitandCityofHoboken
AdvancedMicrogridConceptualandOperationalDesigns
Military Conceptual Designs/Assessments
<1 MW Microgrid Operations
Large Scale Microgrid Operations
Community Microgrid Designs
• Creech AFB – FY12 DoD• Soto Cano – FY12 DoD• West Point FY12, DoD/DOE OE• Osan AFB, FY 12, DoD• Philadelphia Navy Yard – FY11,
DOE OE/PIDC• Camp Smith – FY10, DOE FEMP• Indian Head NWC – FY09, DOE
OE/DoD• Ft. Sill – FY08, Sandia LDRD• Ft. Bliss – FY10, DOE FEMP• Ft. Carson – FY10, DOE FEMP• Ft. Devens (99th ANG) – FY09, DOE
OE/DoD• Ft. Belvoir – FY09 DOE OE/FEMP• Cannon AFB – FY11, DOE OE/DoD• Vandenberg AFB – FY11, DOE
FEMP• Kirtland AFB – FY10, DOE OE/DoD• Maxwell AFB – FY09, DoD/DOE• Bagram – FY13, DOD• Kuwait – FY15, DoD• 29 Palms – FY14, DoD/ESTCP
• Maxwell AFB – FY11 -14, DoD
• Ft. Sill – FY10, DoD• Ft. Bliss – FY12-13,
DoD/ESTCP
• SPIDERS JCTD – FY11-15, DOE/DoD/CERL
• Camp Smith• Ft. Carson• Hickam AFB
• Ft. Belvoir FY15 DoD
• Northampton, MA• NJ Transit• Hoboken, NJ• Lihue, Kauai• New Orleans, LA• Alaskan Villages
Community
Military
MicrogridDesignToolParetoOptimalityUsingGeneticAlgorithms
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Topology
Performance
EventDriven
Simulation
MonteCarlo
Analysis
Eachdotisadifferentmicrogrid layout
SandiaAdvancedMicrogridEngineering/DeploymentTraining
§ AdvancedMicrogridConceptualDesignCourse§ 250pagecoursebook followsESDMprocess
§ Background info,vugraphs,informationonadvanced microgridconceptsanddesignprocess
§ 50pageworkbook§ Exampleproblemworksheets and fullmicrogrid
designandanalysisprocessexample§ Designed in2013for stakeholders,engineers§ 2-dayor3-dayclass,taught4timestodate
§ AdvancedMicrogridModelingandAnalysisCourse§ Currentlyunderdevelopment forDOE§ Designed fortechnicalaudience§ Providemodeling tools andinstructiononusefor
advancedmicrogrid designand optimization§ Likelyaweeklongorweb–basedtrainingclass
CybersecurityandPowerSystems:SCEPTREToolSet
• AdvancedhybridmodelingandsimulationofICSforsimulated,emulated,hardware-in-the-loopintegrationofdevices,networking/communications,andphysicalsystemslikemicrogrids
– Emulation:routersoftware,Modbus/DNP3/IEC61850traffic,HMIs
– Simulation:power,gaspipelines,watersystems
– Hardware-in-the-loop:electricalrelays,RTUs,PLCs,Lab-Voltsystem
Integratedapproach• IntegratedCyber-PhysicalImpactAnalysis(ICIPIA)framework