gregor mendel
TRANSCRIPT
Gregor Mendel
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Gregor Mendel
Students will be able toDescribe the results of Mendel’s experiments
Identify what controls the inheritance of traits in organisms
Genetic TermsHeredity
The passing of physical characteristics from parents to offspring
GeneticsThe study of heredity
CharacteristicsObservable items on a living thing
Hair color, Height, Weight…Trait
A different form of a characteristicExample – Hair Color
Blond, Brown, Red, …
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Mendel’s chart
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Mendel’s Experiment
• Breeding pea plants• Female part (eggs) = Pistil• Male part (pollen/sperm) = Stamens
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Breeding
• Purebred organism = offspring of many generations that all have the same trait.
• Hybrid organism = mixed traits
Experimental Definitions• P = Purebred parents• F1 Generation = Children of purebred parents
• F2 Generation = Grandchildren of parents
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Experiment
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Offspring
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Offspring
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Terminology
Gene
Something that determines what trait you have
Example: You have blue eyes because you gene that controls eye color
Allele
Different forms of a gene
Example:
Blue eyes because your eye color gene is blue
“Blue Allele”
Brown eyes because your eye color gene is brown
“Brown Allele”79
Symbols
• Dominate trait is always capital letter• Recessive trait is same letter as dominate letter
but lower case
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Numbers of Alleles
Get two alleles for each gene
One from Mom
One from Dad
Purebred have both alleles the sameHybrid have a different allele from each parent
Get one version from dad and a different one from mom
Experiment
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Offspring
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Mendel
Completely unknown in his time
Work was lost for several decades
Only rediscovered in recent history
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Question of the Day
Describe in your own words what happened when Mendel bred the two pea plants. In your essay include the P, F1, F2 generations.
4 3 2 1
100% 80% 60% 40%
Exceeds expectations
Required Work
Missing a few items
Missing many items
The Test Cross
• P Generation
H = Short Hair
h = Long hair
H? hh
F1 Generation
H? hh
H? hh H? H?
Horses
Black coat (B) is dominate
Brown coat (b) is recessive