green pakistan: energy solutions

GREEN PAKISTANENERGY SOLUTIONS

Centre for Energy Systems(CES-NUST)

National University of Sciences and Technology H-12 Islamabad

Issue I / Oct-Dec 2011

GREEN PAKISTAN ENERGY SOLUTIONS2

NUSTNoteworthy Statistics

366thUniversity of theworld (overall)(QS UK, 2010)

Employement

85% The remaining studentseither opt for higher studies or

self-employement(CDC Survey 2009)

Ranked amongst the

Top 300 UNIVERSITIES OF THE WORLDin the diciplines of Engineerng, IT and Arts & Humainities(QS UK, 2010)

Faculty to Student Ratio

1:10

42,000Students applied to

NUST last year


CONTENTS

CES-NUST Overview...................08

International/Industry Partnerships.................................10

Green Energy Incentives and Pitfalls.........................................14

Research and Innovation Team.....16

The Role of Corporate Advisory Council (CAC) and the Energy Sector..........................................22

Energy Sector CAC Industry Coun-terparts........................................23

NUST University – Industry Portal on Biofuels...................................25

Cooperation with Asian and Pacific Centre for Transfer of Technology (APCTT) for the Promotion of Renewable Energy Technologies in Asia-Pacific Region......................28

NUST Participation in the 4th Asian School on Solar Electricity for Rural Areas ...........................................31

Renewable Energy Research atThe Pakistan Navy Engineering Col-lege...............................................33

Academia-Industry Linkages: A Case of College of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering................35

Energy and Environment...............37

NUST Institution Wise Specific Activities Programs, Research Areas and Degree Courses Offered in the Energy Sector................................38

Energy Related Courses offered at NUST...........................................40

NUST Access Map........................47

NUST launched the Centre for Energy Systems (CES) early this year to provide a pivot to its Institutions involved in energy sector programs and to support and consolidate the various activities/projects, which make good sense for scalable and sustainable operations with a view to contribute to industry and national economy in times of energy crisis.The Centre should endeavor to create an ecosystem for addressing energy requirements by influencing Policy Makers, developing Technologies and Human Resource, and mobilizing Communities for energy conservation. The Center must incorporate existing institutes to this core mission. Educational and research activities at the Center should engage energy companies and academic & Government organizations to associate with research groups and project teams at the National University of Sciences & Technology. Such partnerships will solve pressing front line research problems and engage in long term high risk research projects important to our energy future. CES should promote interdisciplinary MS and PhD degrees programs in Energy Systems, Renewable Energy, Clean Coal Technologies, Thermal and Hydropower Engineering to cater for qualified human resource and quality research to deal with the imminent workforce crises in the energy fields. I hope you will be able to develop international collaborations and I assure you of full support for all such projects.

It is a pleasure to learn that CES is publishing the Energy Magazine, Green Pakistan Energy Solutions. Compilation of an assortment of research projects by students and faculty, research programs undertaken at various institutions at NUST, and the faculty profile is indicative of the progressive and futuristic course the Centre has embarked upon. I hope that the future issues will bring forth richer views, objectives analysis and hardcore professional subjects focusing on more crude and direct interface between the research programs and projects vis-à-vis the industry.I congratulate the team on the publication of the Magazine on the occasion of the CES Inaugural Ceremony. I trust that the Magazine will serve as an international knowledge harbinger to prop up the information exchange of energy ideas and technology developments.

Engineer Muhammad AsgharRector

Message fromEngr Muhammad AsgharRector NUST

The Inaugural issue of NUST energy magazine Green Pakistan-Energy Solutions is at hand. It brings forth NUST Energy Sector program, activities and projects. Diversity in energy with greater share of renewables in the energy mix is the overriding theme in league with the current global energy road map. We acknowledge and commemorate the generous contribution of NRG Biofuels in the form of high-end research equipment and their continued support toward our renewable energy program.The current Issue reflects the mission and objectives, NUST participation in international energy moots, industry and overseas partnerships and feature articles by the participating schools.The objective of the Centre is to introduce and consolidate new programs, especially national projects that can be directly integrated with the larger energy related initiatives in the Country.The centre’s vision resides in setting up pilot plants to demonstrate the feasibility of specific programs in the various energy sectors. Thus taking the lead in moving from research and development to demonstration; a step that is considered vital for meaningful academia-industry collaboration. Hydropower, thermal and power plant engineering together with clean coal technologies and renewables are identified as focal areas by the Centre.The Energy Centre outreach is triggered by its interaction with its multiple research and technical collaboration partners both at home and abroad. Further effective collaborations will be fostered as the energy centre of excellence evolves and grows with due diligence at a fast pace.The Energy Centre will be developed to enhance innovation and cross discipline partnership in the fields related to alternative energy technology development. The centre will focus on meeting advanced research needs of the energy industry through expansion of research activities and joint industry-acadamia research and technology development.Currently various institutions of NUST offer 120 courses

related to energy. These outfits have published 50 papers and filed 8 patents including one US patent in the energy sector. Funding received through competitive grants amounts to PKR 36.0 M whilst the industrial funding stands at PKR 120 M to date.I trust that collaborative industry-academia partnerships will achieve technological breakthrough developments by conducting energy related research to congregate local and global needs.

Energy Sector Undertakings!My first contact with an energy system was in the shape of a glass furnace recuperator that conserved thermal energy by passage of flue gases through a split chamber lined with a stack of refractory to pre-heat air by operating in alternate sequence.My second contact was the US Department of Energy project on Syn Fuels using a short cut process to produce crude oil from biomass.The third contact was defined at Imperial College London involving processing related energy savings by replacing high pressure impingement with a rotary injection system to produce composite parts at a vastly reduced energy outlay.The fourth contact entailed improving the combustion efficiency of a composite propellant for enhanced performance.The fifth contact at NUST is a renewable energy system to produce bio fuel to provide green liquid fuel for commuting i.e. aviation, marine, on-road trucking and long range driving. This current project has culminated in a US patent for accelerated production of bio fuels using heterogeneous catalyst, and Pakistan’s first fully instrumented solarised airlift tubular photobioreactor now functional at CES NUST.

M.B.KhanDr. Mohammad Bilal Khan, T.I.

Message fromDr. Mohammad Bilal KhanPrincipal/Director CES

“Energy Makes the World Go ‘Round”

When I was asked to contribute a message to the readers of the Renewable Energy Magazine published by the Centre for Energy Systems at NUST, my immediate reaction was “what an honour… just make sure you write something profound that will actually mean something to the readers”.

So, here is a little background on how I came to be interested in energy, and later renewable energy as well as a couple of truism from my experience and perspective:I distinctly remember one of my first year courses at University. The lecturer said simply “Energy makes the world go ‘round”. This very simply statement packs a lot of meaning, and upon closer examination, is quite profound.

Probably one reason it had such an impact on me was because in 1974 when I started university, the industrialized nations had just survived the 1973 energy crisis, when the price for crude oil tripled over night and life as we knew it had changed. No more abundant and cheap energy. While the popular press and governments had many less than flattering things to say about OPEC and its new policies, those with a little vision recognized this occurrence as a wake up call to the world that fossil fuels were a finite resource by definition and something had to change.

Without going into details of gasoline pump line-ups, empty roads on Sunday because of a ban on driving, reduced speed limits, etc. it became clear quickly that without an outside source of energy, we only have muscle power, be it our own, or that of beasts we employ to harrow a field or pull a cart. It has been the availability of abundant cheap energy that has fuelled industrial development. Initially firewood and peat moss (biomass), then coal, oil, gas, nuclear power,- all fossil fuels in one form or another and in the future renewable biomass based energy systems have and will be the basis of that cheap energy we so desperately seek and fight over.

Whereas in the past, we have relied on “mining” stored energy supplied by the sun, we are now looking at ways to

circumvent the storage problem, by making use of energy provided by the sun through various more direct methods – solar, wind, wave, or biomass. As I wrote in my thesis back in 1977: “we do not have an energy problem – we have an energy storage problem. It is up to humanity to use technology to overcome practical and perceived obstacles”. Energy is all around us. Harnessing it, storing it, and turning it into something useful is the real challenge.

At the time, and still today in some quarters, the “panacea” to our energy problems was fusion. 35 years have passed, and we have made no real, practical progress. The costs associated with it, be they environmental, social, or simply monetary simply cannot be ignored and are prohibitive and thus not sustainable.

Throughout my career as an Earth Scientist finding conventional oil and gas throughout the world, I have “dabbled” in renewables and other alternatives, be it hydroelectric power, various wind turbine designs and projects, or simply improving efficiency through “better technology”. The kWh we save through greater efficiency does not have to be produced in the first place, or can be used for something else. One thing that became very clear to me early on was the realization that any new energy technology had to stand on its own economic merits, and the same is true for any renewables we develop. We cannot rely on hand-outs from the public purse or artificial support for any given technology in order for it to survive in the marketplace. For technology to be embraced by a general public that tends to be conservative and reluctant to change, it must be far superior to anything else it is competing with.

In the case of energy, this boils down to dramatically more energy for less expenditure and cost. While this contrasts with the reality of research and development being methodical and having progress measured in small steps, we must not forget that many small steps combined with a vision make a big step. It is these big steps that have a

Message from J. Chris WillmannCEO NRG Biofuels Inc. (Canada)

successful energy systems that have to step up and accept the challenge. These systems, those being developed at the new Centre for Energy Systems at NUST, will provide the opportunity to develop the many small steps required for those big jumps forward that will have a profound, positive effect on providing cheap, appropriate technology and energy to the less fortunate of Pakistan and the world.

In the early 21st Century with a world population of 7 billion people, we must move forward from conventional fossil based forms of energy to renewables that can compete in the current market place. Those of you getting involved in energy systems may have your work cut out for you, but your knowledge and creativity have the potential to change billions of lives for the better. So accept the challenge and get creative!

JCW, December 2011

profound, positive impact on humanity, but only if they are presented properly to those forming public opinion.

With the establishment of Centre for Energy Systems ( the key word being SYSTEMS) at NUST the first steps have been taken to contribute to the hard work required to finding the energy panacea- which in todays world seems to be made up of many different elements and forms of energy. In the future we will have many different types of energy supplies- depending on the end use. But the work has to start today, to overcome the inherit inertia favouring unsustainable fossil fuels.

If we correlate standard of living with access to energy, it will become self evident that one of the basic tools for improving the standards of living comes from access to energy – energy does indeed make the world go ‘round.

It is up to scientists- indeed the mandate of those working, teaching, and researching in engineering specifically, as well as the many other disciplines involved in creating


CES-NUST OverviewNUST launched the Centre for Energy Systems (CES) early this year to provide a pivot to its Institutions involved in energy sector programs and to support and consolidate the various activities/projects, which make good sense for scalable and sustainable operations with a view to contribute to industry and national economy in times of energy crisis. The objectives of the Centre on energy, environment and policy are simply provision of sustainable supply of energy at affordable rates with greater share of renewables in the energy mix to reduce environmental footprint. The mission of the Centre is to create an ecosystem for addressing energy requirements by influencing Policy Makers, developing Technologies and Human Resource and mobilizing Communities for energy conservation. The specific objectives are listed in the following: • Contribute towards availability of sufficient energy on sustainable basis• Develop techniques for maximum utilization of indigenous resources• Promotion of R&D for improvement of energy efficiency, conservation and development of energy efficient appliances

and processes• Promote policy making to reduce dependence on external sources• Human resource development to deal with the imminent workforce crises in the energy fields• The Center incorporates existing institutes to this core mission.

The vision of the centre resides in setting up pilot plants to demonstrate the feasibility of specific programs in the various energy sectors. Thus taking the lead in moving from R&D to demonstration: a step that is considered vital for viable and meaningful academia-industry collaboration.

CES has a dedicated website www.ces.nust.edu.pk soon its official organ, namely “GREEN PAKISTAN ENERGY SOLUTIONS” will have a dedicated Editorial Board drawn from NUST schools involved in energy sector programs/disciplines. There will be representation from industry and overseas collaboration partners and global energy experts as well.


Participating NUST SchoolsIt is important to enhance innovation, cross discipline partnership, and transfer of technology in fields related to conventional and unconventional fossils fuels, biofuels, and alternative energy technology development. The various NUST schools are contributing in the areas of renewable and conventional energy:

• CES (CTL / Biofuels)• SMME (Solar thermal /EC)• CEME (Solar/Geothermal)• SCME (Thin films/ Nano)• IESE (Biogas / water) • SEECS (Power Engineering)• SCEE (Hydro power)• PNEC (Windmill)• RCMS (Modeling)• CAE (Solar PV/Wind )

Various outfits associated with the Centre have published 50 papers and filed 8 patents including one US patent filed in the energy sector. Research funding through competitive grants amount to $ 0.7 M while 0.27 M is received through industrial funding. Cutting edge research on solar thin films, accelerated biofuels, wind mill efficiency and rotor design, and super critical fluid manufacturing is being conducted. Salient projects are listed below:

Salient Research Projects:• Renewable technology in the form of solar energy is

being implemented in the SMME building on NUST Campus to provide space and water heating.

• Indigenous design and fabrication of Wind Turbine Rotors. Indigenous fabrication of 500 W, 1.5m windmill rotors with a hub height of 6.0m above ground level as part of NUST-AERO-Fiber Tech outreach industrial link project. Mirror process technique with matching receptacles is used to fabricate the windmill rotors according to NACA 4527 aerofoil profile. Full scale load-deflection/bending stiffness tests are conducted using simulated aerodynamic load with incremental loading. The profile is generated in MAT-Lab and translated to preform, which is used to fabricate the receptacles. Rotors are assembled on the windmill and tested for vibration-free and smooth operation under induced rpm.

• Development and testing of Solar Charging Stations for Electric Vehicles.

• Design and development of real-time engine blow-by monitoring system.

• Indigenous design/development and fabrication of solarized Airlift tubular Photo bioreactor

• This project envisions the extension of existing photobioreactors on campus to operate in neutral energy cycle on solar PV with power of florescent tubes coming from high efficiency solar PV generated

FRP composite based Rotor Wind-Mill mounted at SCME NUST

electricity with excess energy harvested and stored during the day and released at night. Despite our ongoing efforts with jatropha curcas and other high lipid content shrubs, from a land utilization perspective, micro algae is in our opinion is still THE most viable option in the long run. Proven photobioreactor design will be replicated in the biofuels park to provide for (a) Liquid fuel for on-campus power generation, b) Protein from algae cake derived from specific algae cultures to be commercialized by pharmaceutical companies on-board the NUST CAC.

• Development of a nano-photo catalyst for efficient biodiesel conversion from Jatropha (US Patent Published).

• Super-critical fluid extraction of micro-algae for bio fuel production as an industrial outreach in collaboration with NRG Bio fuels CANADA.

• Super Critical Fluid Extraction (SCFE) is relatively new extraction process that has attracted great interest in recovery of algal oil using carbon dioxide as the ideal fluid. This is an ambitious project requiring simulation, design and fabrication. The capacity of the SCFE unit selected is 10 L. This is a sizeable pilot plant in this field. Rigorous computer simulation has been performed.

• Nano solar thin film fabrication and characterization.• Fabrication and dynamic testing of filament wound

casing with improved interfacial properties for high pressure storage.

• Solar industrial hybrid water heating system installed at Siddique Leather Works funded by HEC. Solar Water Pumping Project for Deprived communities of FATA funded by USAID & MoST through HEC.

• Design and installation of system based on solar coupled under floor convective pipe heating.

• To study and design a small scale solar-powered thermoelectric system installed on the roof top assist cooling of single office space.


• Feasibility study for conversion of a gasoline engine into an ethanol engine and compare the performance results.

• Designed & fabricated six different types of wind turbines in the power range of 300 – 1000 watts

International/Industry Partnerships The Energy Center outreach is triggered by its interaction with its multiple research and technical collaboration partners both at home and abroad. The Center at NUST is already connected with counterparts in China, the US and elsewhere in the world. Apart from maintaining close networking within the country with relevant institutions, WITS University, RSA, US NSF through Oregon State University USA, University of Calgary Canada, Tsinghua Univeristy and Chinese Companies are on board with NUST to take this initiative forward. NRG Biofuels Calgary Canada is proactively involved in R&D of the Energy Centre at NUST. Further effective collaborations will be forged as the energy center of excellence evolves and grows with due diligence at a fast pace.

• Designed & fabricated a solar water purifier• Evaluation/monitoring of Renewable Energy and

energy efficiency Program (BMZ Germany).

Prof. Kendra V. SharpProfessor of Mechanical EngineeringPhD, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 2001M Eng, University of California – Berkeley, 1996M Phil, University of Cambridge, 1994BS, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 1993American Institute of Physics/American Association for the Advancement of ScienceCongressional Science Fellow, 2001 At OSU since 2010.Glumac Faculty Fellow School of Mechanical, Industrial, and Manufacturing EngineeringOregon State University

Dr. Kendra Sharp’s primary expertise is in the areas of experimental fluid mechanics including diagnostic techniques, mixing, and microfluidics for biological and energy applications. She is also working in the area of sustainable technologies, with an emphasis on microhydro, and international emphases in engineering research and education. She was recently named a Glumac Faculty Fellow at Oregon State University for her work in sustainable technologies. She directed the Microscale Flow Lab during her eight years as a mechanical engineering faculty member at The Pennsylvania State University. She spent the summers of 2008 and 2009 as a visiting researcher at the Laboratory for Aero and Hydrodynamics, Technical University of Delft, Netherlands. In 2004, Dr. Sharp received a National Science Foundation (NSF) Career Award supporting her work on particle effects in microfluidics. She served as an American Institute of Physics (AIP)/American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) Congressional Science Fellow in the office of U.S. Senator J. Lieberman in 2001, immediately after earning her Ph.D. in Theoretical and Applied Mechanics from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.

Dr Xinying Liu PhD in Chemistry (1999), Nankai University BSc in Chemistry (1994), Nankai University

Technical expertise Design, synthesis and characterization of catalyst and inorganic nano particles. Fischer Tropsh process. Life cycle assessment of alternated energy

Key responsibilities at COMPSLooking after the Fischer Tropsch laboratory and the Fischer Tropsch process development, including CTL, GTL and BTL


Prof. Dr. Shi-Zhong Li Executive Director of the US-Sino Joint Center for Biofuel Research Deputy Director of Institute of New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University

Co-operations / Projects• A joint research on solid-state fermentation and psychrophilic bacteria for the production of biogas between Tsinghua

Unviersity and Malardalen University (funded by MOST China and SEA Sweden)• Sweet Sorghum and Cellulosic Ethanol Joint Research between NREL and Tsinghua University(funded by MOST China

and DOE USA)• Refine sucrose and ligocellulose in sweet sorghum stalks to biofuels (funded by Tsinghua-Cambridge-MIT low carbon

alliance)

Special area of interest in potential biogas projects• Solid state anaerobic fermentation for biogas production• Microbial community for biogas production at ambient temperature

Participation in project proposal• Effect of substrate pretreatment and different fermentation processes on the microbial community and biogas yield• Possibilities of utilisation of marginal land for energy crops for biogas

Task/Responsibility in project proposal• Work package 1 Dirk Banemann• Potentials of pretreatment of maize straw as the feedstock of biogas fermenters (UFZ, University of Rostock,

Tsinghua University, AEPI;Tianren, CAU, DBFZ)• Coordinator Frank Scholwin• Possibilities of utilisation of marginal land for energy crops for biogas

Dr. Saud A. Gutub Dr. Saud A. Gutub holds a B.Sc. degree in Civil Engineering from King Fahd University for Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia, (1978), and an M.Sc. degree in Water Resources from California State University, Long Beach, California, USA (1981), and a Ph.D. in Groundwater from Colorado State University, Colorado, USA (1988). He has been on the faculty of the Department of Civil Engineering at King Abdulaziz University since 1979. Dr. Gutub has held several administrative and academic positions at King Abdulaziz University. He is currently the Dean of Faculty of Engineering, Rabigh Branch (2009-now). He has worked as Vice Dean of Student Affairs for Alumni (2005-2007), prior to which he was the Vice Dean of Student

Affairs for Housing and Nutrition (2003-2005). He also worked as the Deputy Director of the Water Research Center at KAU (2008-2009). He worked as a consultant to several private and government agencies which included his being a consultant to the deputy mayor of the municipality for projects and constructions in Jeddah City (2005-2009). He has also supervised and participated in the preparation of the Jeddah Master Plan for storm water drainage with Saud Consult Company (2001-2003). Dr. Gutub has research interests in the design and analysis of water distribution systems, estimation of water leakage in water distribution systems, groundwater flow and contaminant modeling, storm drainage design and analysis, flood protection, groundwater dewatering, and underground dams.

Dr. Gutub has participated in several studies and researches in water-related areas for governmental and private sectors and published numerous papers in local and international journals and conferences.


Suhail A Khan Vice President Polyester Business

Suhail Aslam Khan is the Vice President Polyester Business. He joined ICI as a Management Trainee in 1986 with the Soda Ash Business and has over 25 years of professional experience in diverse fields. Prior to his current role, Suhail was the General Manager Human Resources and Corporate Communications & Public Affairs. He has also served as the Site General Manager for the Polyester Business and as Vice President Manufacturing Pakistan PTA Limited. In addition to his role as Vice President of the Polyester Fibers Business, Suhail is also the CEO of ICI Pakistan PowerGen Limited, a wholly owned subsidiary of ICI Pakistan.

An alumnus of the INSEAD Business School, Suhail holds a Masters Degree in Chemical Engineering from Aston University in Birmingham, UK.

Mr. Bakhtiar Wain President and Chief Executive Officer Avanceon Limited

Bakhtiar Wain is the Chief Executive Officer of Avanceon Limited since he joined the company in 1989 and a General Manager of Engro Corporation Limited. The same year, he set up a very successful business of providing turnkey automation, instrumentation & engineering solutions to the local industry. After the acquisition of majority shares by Engro in 2003, he was unanimously re- appointed as Chief Executive Officer by the Board of Directors.Mr. Wain also serves on the Board of Innovative Private Limited.

Mr. Wain has previously worked for leading companies such as Exxon Chemical, Fauji Fertilizer and ICI. Within 3 years of his appointment as Chief Executive Officer, he spearheaded the company towards market leadership in Pakistan. The company subsequently grew internationally by setting up a very successful operation in UAE and acquiring a leading automation company in Pennsylvania, USA.Mr. Wain holds a mechanical engineering degree from the University of Engineering and Technology, Pakistan.

Dr. Zeeshan Nawaz Dr. Zeeshan Nawaz received his Bachelor and Master degree’s with distinction in Chemical Engineering, after that he earned his Doctoral degree in Chemical Engineering & Technology from Tsinghua University, Beijing. He served at Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission and Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Reaction Engineering & Technology (FLOTU) for 6 years. His specialization is Catalyst Design and Reaction Engineering. He won many awards and scholarships in his carrier; the most recent are “Excellent Researcher Award of Tsinghua University” sponsored by Eternal Chemical Co. Ltd. Taiwan and Best Young Scientist 2011 by NAYS.

Currently, he is involved in Process & Reactor design and High Fidelity Reactor Modeling for various technology development activities. He is also inventor of “novel bi-metallic catalyst for direct propane dehydrogenation” and “designed integrated fluidized bed reactor for light olefins production”. Dr. Zeeshan published more than 50 research papers in esteemed research journals and having 7 patents; at the same time he is also member of editorial boards for various reputed research journals home and abroad.

Rashid Kamal Rashid Kamal received his bachelor degree in Chemical Engineering from Punjab University Lahore. He has spent around 4 years in Fauji Fertilizer Company, Macchi Goth, Rahim yar Khan in the beginning and has an experience of 26 years in different businesses of ICI Pakistan, in various positions Currently working as “Works Manager” Polyester manufacturing unit near Sheikhupura.


Dr. Mohammad Saeed Khan Jadoon Dr. Mohammad Saeed Khan Jadoon holds DIC and Ph. D in Petroleum Engineering from Imperial College, University of London, UK in 1992. He has a diversified experience of more than 18 years in Petroleum industry. He has joined OGDCL as Senior Reservoir Engineering in 1993. Currently, he is working as Manager Reservoir Engineering and leading reservoir simulation study group and Reserves & Economic Evaluation division in Oil & Gas Development Company Limited Pakistan. He has been involved in evolving Reservoir Management and Development Strategy of the oil & Gas Fields of OGDCL. He has worked as Convener Peer Review Committee for the Evaluation of the Petroleum Engineering Institutes of Pakistan, nominated by Pakistan

Council for Science & Technology in year 2002 He is an author of twenty five technical papers and participated in National and International Conferences. He held positions of Secretary General SPE 1999 and Chairman Continuing Education SPE Pakistan since 2003. He has been selected as member of peer review committee for Journal of Reservoir Engineering and Formation Evaluation published in USA by SPE International in 2008. He is major contributor in organizing SPE conferences in Pakistan for last ten years. In recognition of his valuable contribution in dissemination of knowledge through Society of Petroleum Engineers, he has been selected as a Chairman SPE Pakistan for 2010. He is also on the editorial Board of Pakistan Journal of Hydrocarbon Research, HDIP. He worked as group Leader for the formulation of Tight Gas and low BTU gases reservoir Development policy for the GOVT of Pakistan. He is also nominated as member Board of Studies in Petroleum Technology, University of Karachi.

International Appearances:1. ASEAN Jakarta, Indonesia, 20092. World Future Energy Summit, UAE 20103. COMSTAC/NASIC, Islamabad 20104. International Conference on Energy Systems Engineering, EME-NUST 20105. TMS, California, USA 20106. ASEAN, Vietnam 20117. SDPI, Islamabad 20118. University of Sheffield Energy Centre 20119. Cooperation With Asian And Pacific Centre For Transfer Of Technology (Apctt) For The Promotion Of Renewable

Energy Technologies In Asia-Pacific Region, China 201110. 4th Asian School On Solar Electricity For Rural Areas, Selangor, Malaysia 201111. Pakistan-China Cooperation Conference, Beijing, China 2011

Round Table discussion Session at World Future Energy Summit at UAE, 2010


Pakistan possesses vast potential in wind, microhydel and hydel power generation. We need to fix our priorities right and implement the decisions made by various organs of the State. As for government initiatives, it did set up an institution in 2002 called the Alternative Energy Development Board (AEDB), especially for this purpose. The Pakistan Meteorological Department, with assistance from USAID, carried out a wind-resource study of Pakistan and developed a precise and accurate detailed map, showing the potential available in the country for harnessing wind energy. According to it, the country has a total potential of 35,000 MW, which it can produce from wind power. The study found that from one place alone, the Gharo-Keti Bandar wind corridor in coastal Sindh, several thousand megawatts can be produced. On this issue, Pakistan has also been extended help by other donors.

It offered various incentives for independent power producers, including guarantees to purchase electricity, and concessions such as a zero sales tax and no import duty. As a result, 73 letters of intent (LoI) were issued for a total of 4,650 MW of energy to be produced. In view of this large-scale interest, the Planning Commission of Pakistan fixed a target for the AEDB to complete wind projects of 900 MW capacity till 2010.Fourteen of the 73 wind-generated projects completed feasibility studies. By 2007, the National Electric Power Regulatory Authority (Nepra) had issued power generation licences to five companies and they were to start operation by early 2010. There is lot to be desired in this sector to utilize the immense potential that resides in it. The wind coming from the Arabian Sea passes harmlessly through Pakistan’s territory into India! Ironically India is producing 8213 MW from this wind.

Green Energy Incentives and Pitfalls

Another potentially fruitful area which needs attention is the microhydel domain as expressed by the following figures:

• Micro Hydel Power Potential = 4500 MW ($1.5M/MW)• Ownership to small, impoverished communities• Minimum capital investment per installation.• Less impact on Eco System• Ideally suited to Pakistan’s Topography• A vast basin close to prominent mountain range

The bottom line is that Micro scale hydropower production has the potential to be a significant and decentralized component of Pakistan’s growing power needs.

As far as hydropower is concerned, unfortunately our planers have mixed the priorities of power generation from “big multi-purpose water reservoir dams” with “run of the river” generation. The main purpose of the former is irrigation and the power generation is its byproduct while the latter is purely used for power generation, and as such their priorities need to be separately identified based on power requirement. Power generation from “run of river” projects is low cost and its completion schedule is shorter compared to big water reservoir dams. Based on “run of the river” Hydel Projects, a substantial power generation capacity of about 20,000 MW in northern areas is available which should be given priority and completed with in the nest 5-8 years.

Run of the river hydel project view The Pakistan wind corridor imploringly waiting expliotation!


The following recommendations are made: • Capitalize on the initial success of UGC to fully exploit the vast coal deposit for electricity and high quality diesel. • Fix gas supply priority in the following order: Industry Domestic Transport• Hasten Gas Pipeline• No Generation, no Capacity Charge for GENCO’s• Reduce Losses; Improve efficiency of GENCO’s• Run of the river hydel projects Dasu Thakot, Pathan, Bunji (20,000MW)• Go for Renewables Pakistan’s serious energy crisis has negative impact on all sectors of economy. It is not just the economic growth that has been hampered by frequent power outages but shutting down of industries has also increased the unemployment.We must expedite exploration of oil and gas on a war footing to complement the depleting reserves. Pay due attention to the vast coal reserves in regard to converting these into electricity and clean motor fuel. The renewable sector has immence potential in terms of both wind and biomass. Indiginize both thermal and PV solar technologies for utilization on mass scale. The sun is pouring trillions of MW everyday!

Overseas Delegates in the Company of Rector NUST on the ocassion of MoU Signing

A delightful news to share with the worthy readers. The first underground gasification experiment has met success. The blue flame emanating from one of the UGC channels in Tharparker Desert is a glad tiding that carries the potential of illuminating Pakistan in the time of acute energy crisis. We extend our heartiest felicitations to Dr. Samar Mubarakmand and his team!

Dr. Samar Mubarakmand inaugurating Dr Samar Mubarakmand Block at NUST


Dr. Abdul Ghafoor

Qualifications/Trainings PhD UK, Post Doc Fulbright US

Current Position Principal SMME, NUST

ProfileHe has worked as a visiting professor in Kings College London and has also been a Fulbright Scholar at University of Florida, USA. Dr Ghafoor has over 50 publications in the journals and conferences of international repute. He is the brain behind the on-campus practical energy conservation projects, which include water and space heating of SMME building and installation of hybrid geysers utilizing solar thermal technology. He is assigned to undertake energy audit of the buildings for the various outfits under the Ministry of Science and Technology.

Dr Mohammad Bilal Khan

Qualifications/Trainings MS USA, DIC/PhD UK Former Advisor US DOE and PAF

Current Position Principal/Director Center for Energy Systems (CES), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST).

ProfileDr. Khan is the founding Dean of SCME, NUST. He was involved as researcher/consultant in a sizeable project on the production of synthetic fuel from Biomass on behalf of the US Department of Energy at the University of Arizona USA. The project had traveled from Rust Engineering in New York to Argonne labs in Illinois to UC Berkley. A major breakthrough enabled the project to recover from its long slumber and activated it to the point of commercial production. Invention is assigned to the University of Arizona. The work is reported in “The Nation Daily” Science and Technology section under the caption “Shortcut to Natural Production” and ISI Journals. Ultimately, a 3000 bbl/day plant for fuel production from biomass was reportedly installed in Albany New York. Two further improvements in machine design leading to lower energy outlay in reaction injection and planetary viscous processing were achieved as part of PhD and Post Doc. work in Industry. He acted as Advisor on turn key projects across four continents. He is on HEC panel of experts for review of National R& D grants. Dr. Khan is currently heading a sizable biofuels project in collaboration with NRG Biofuels Canada where employment of a photosensitive catalyst produces biodiesel at a much faster rate consuming much less energy. US patent for the process has been registered. Dr. Khan has over 90 publications, 03 books and 6 patents to his credit. He represents NUST in the Core Energy Group established by the Ministry of Science and Technology. He serves on the peer review panel of archival journals of international repute. He is recipient of the ORS award by the committee of the Vice Chancellors and Principals of the UK. In recognition of his outstanding contribution to the field of science and technology the President of Islamic Republic of Pakistan has conferred the President Medal for Technology award 2009. He is chairman of YMK Educational Foundation. He is Co-chair of chemical and energy sectors of Corporate Advisory Council NUST. He is member BOG RIU and TMS USA.

Research and Innovation Team


Dr.Ashfaque Hasan Khan (Sitara-e-Imtiaz)Dean & Principal , NUST Business School

Dr. Ashfaque Hasan Khan is currently the Principal and Dean, NUST Business School, National University of Sciences & Technology (NUST), Islamabad. He has been the Special Secretary Finance/Director General, Debt Office and Economic Adviser of the Ministry of Finance, Islamabad for eleven years. He has also been the Director and Vice Chairman of the Saudi-Pak Industrial and Agricultural Investment Company Ltd. (A joint venture of Saudi Arabia and Pakistan); and Directors of the United Bank Limited (Representing government’s shares in the

Bank) and Pak-Libya Holding Company (A Joint venture of Pakistan and Libya). Dr.Khan holds a Ph.D degree in economics from the Johns Hopkins University in USA. He joined the Pakistan Institute of Development Economics (PIDE) in 1979 as Research Economist, where he held increasingly senior positions. He was Joint Director of the Institute before being appointed Economic Adviser of the Ministry of Finance in March 1998. In January 2003 he was appointed Director General of the Debt Office of the Ministry of Finance. He was appointed Special Secretary Finance/ Director General, Debt Office in July 2007- a position which he held until February 2009. Dr. Khan has been the spoke person of the Government of Pakistan on economic issues for 11 years (March 1998 – February 2009). As a key member of the Government’s economic team Dr. Khan played a pivotal role in salvaging a near bankrupt economy of Pakistan and putting it on the path of sustained high growth with financial stability. He was actively involved in preparing the reform program which was launched in early 2000 and provided vital policy inputs in framing the country’s macroeconomic policies. Dr.Khan was the member of the core economic team who negotiated with the IMF for various financial packages, implemented the programs and finally brought the country out of the IMF Program in December 2004 and thus restored the country’s financial sovereignty. As a member of the high level Debt Committee, Dr. Khan was involved in the preparation of the Debt Reduction Strategy which was later adopted by the Government. The country’s macroeconomic policies centered around the same strategy during 2000-2007. Dr. Khan played an important role in setting up the Debt Office in the Ministry of Finance. Within eight years of pursuance of the same strategy the country’s public debt was reduced to one-half and Pakistan was able to prepay expensive external debt. Dr. Khan is the principal architect of the Fiscal Responsibility and Debt Limitation Act, passed by the Parliament in June 2005. This Act has been designed to inject financial discipline in the country. Dr. Khan has been actively involved in the floatation of Pakistan’s sovereign bonds including the Islamic bond (Sukuk) in the international debt capital market. He has also been involved in the issuance of Global Depository Receipts (GDRs) and Exchangeable Bonds in international equity markets. During his stay in the Ministry of Finance, Dr. Khan has been providing valuable policy inputs to the President, Prime Minister, Finance Minister, Secretary General Finance and Finance Secretary on various issues pertaining to the economy.Dr. Khan’s past experience includes: visiting Lecturer at the Towson State University in USA and Visiting Fellow at the Kiel Institute of World Economics in Germany. He has also been the Consultant to many International Organizations/ Financial Institutions such as the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and Pacific (UN-ESCAP), the Asian and Pacific Development Centre, the Asian Development Bank and the World Bank. As Consultant to the Secretary General SAARC, he has the honour of preparing the Regional Study on Trade, Manufacturers and Services which served as the foundation for regional cooperation in South Asia including the establishment of the SAARC Chamber of Commerce and Industry.Dr. Khan has the distinction of being the most widely published economist of the country. He has published 9 books and more than 170 articles in national and international journals of economic science. His papers have appeared in the most prestigious journals of economic science published from Harvard University and University of Chicago. Dr.Khan has also the distinction of being a student of a Nobel Laureate in economics, Professor Lawrence R. Klein.Dr. Khan is currently a member of the United Nations Expert Group to review the performance of the Asia-Pacific economies at the Economic and Social Commission for Asia and Pacific (ESCAP), Bangkok. He was one of the experts of the UN-ESCAP, assigned the task to prepare the views of the Asia-Pacific region on the world economy for presentation at the G-20 Summit, held in Seoul Korea in November 2010. He has been the editor, co-editor and the member of the Editorial Committee of the various prestigious journals of economic science. He has been the recipient of various awards from the National Book Foundation for publishing articles in International Journals of economic science. He is also the external examiner of Ph.D dissertation submitted to various Pakistani and foreign universities. Dr. Khan is a frequent speaker at the National Defense University, Pakistan Administrative Staff College, National Institute of Public Administration (NIPAs), the Army School of Logistics, Kuldana, Army School of Infantry, Nowshera and the Command and Staff College, Quetta. In recognition of his outstanding contribution to the field of economics and public policy the President of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan has conferred the award of Sitara-i-Imtiaz to Dr.Khan in 2005. The Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO) also conferred him the ECO Excellence Award 2010 for his outstanding contribution in the field of Economics.


Dr. Qamar Malik

Qualifications/Trainings M.Sc. (USA), PhD (UK)

Current Position NRG Biofuels, Calgary Canada.

ProfileDr. Malik is visiting and adjunct Professor at NUST. He has 27 years of professional multidisciplinary experience serving academia, R&D and oil & gas industry in North America, Europe and Asia. His interest are in Energy Efficiency and Renewable Projects. He served as lead engineer for world’s largest project in Canada utilizing CO2 for enhanced oil recovery. At present he is representing the industry and leading renewable fuels research to be commercialized in near future. He has a track record of publications in International Journals.

Dr. Adeel Waqas

Qualifications/Trainings PhD (Energy Technology), Asian Institute of Technology Thailand. MS University of Applied Sciences Offenburg, Germany. B.E (Mecahnical Engineering), UET Lahore, Pakistan.

Current Position Faculty member at School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering (SMME), National university of Sciences and Technology.

ProfileHe has worked with German Aero Space Center-Stuttgart for one year for the completion of master thesis. He has also completed the training for conducting the energy audit for buildings and industries from APO Thailand under the banner of World Bank. A part from this he has also conducted several trainings on solar water heating, solar space heating and energy efficiency measures in industry and buildings from the platform of the Asian institute of Technology and UNEP. He is also the author of several research articles in well reputed international energy journals and conferences.

Dr Ishtiaq A. Qazi

Qualifications/TrainingsPh.D. (Environmental Chemistry), University of Aston in Birmingham, Birmingham, UK, 1980. MSc. University of Birmingham, UK, 1977. MSc. (Chemistry), University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 1975

Current Position Dean, Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering (IESE),National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad (since July 2004)

ProfileHe has over 25 years of administrative and managerial experience in building and leading professional teams on Environment and Renewable Energy issues. With over twenty publications in refereed international journals has an established expertise in the field of Renewable Energy in general and the following in particular: Solar Energy, Biogas, Microhydel, and Wind Energy. Member of the International Steering Committee for the International Conference for Renewable Energies (Bonn 1 - 4 June, 2004): renewables 2004. Closely involved with the Asian Development Bank’s programme on Promotion of Renewable Energy, Energy Efficiency and Greenhouse Abatement (PREGA).Regular Associate, in Non-Conventional Energy, of the Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (AS-ICTP), Trieste, Italy (2000-2003).


Dr. Suhail Zaki Fraooqui

Qualifications/Trainings PhD (Computational Physics) University of Texas at Austin USA Post-Doctorate in the field of Wind Energy from the Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, 2006.

Current Position Associate Professor Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pakistan Navy Engineering College (PNEC), National university of Sciences and Technology (NUST).

ProfileHe designed and fabricated and successfully tested several types of Horizontal and Vertical Axis Wind Turbines in the power range of 300 to 1000 watts along with their electric generators, monitored the wind data collection and analysis project of the Govt. of Pakistan along the coastal areas of Sindh and Baluchistan, published several popular science articles and presented his research related to Wind Energy in more than twenty conferences and symposia. Currently, he is the Principal Investigator of the HEC sponsored project on “Off-the-Grid Applications of Doubly-Fed Induction Generators in Autonomous Wind Power Systems”, and is also working on the HEC sponsored 2-Kilowatt Parabolic-Trough Solar-Thermal Power Pilot Project to study and prove the feasibility and cost effectiveness of small scale solar thermal power plants to be mounted on roof tops of residential or commercial buildings. He has also developed a solar drier to dry and preserve food, a solar water purifier and two types of solar cookers. Several of his wind turbines are operating in the premises of the Pakistan Navy Engineering College, Karachi. Currently, his eight patent applications on different aspects of wind and solar energy are under process. He has the honor of having received the NUST’s Best University Teacher Award and Gold Medal for the year 2008.

Prof Zia Ud Din

Qualifications/Trainings M.Sc Energy Conversion & Management, University of Applied Sciences, Offenburg, Germany.

Current Position Assistant Professor School of Mechanical And Manufacturing Engineering (SMME). National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST).

ProfileHe has worked on Energy Conversion Techniques for Steam, Gas and Combined Power Plants and Renewable Energy Conversion Techniques for Solar, Wind, and Fuel Cells. He has also designed and fabricated horizontal axis, variable pitch, numerically controlled Aero –Generator in Coastal Areas of Pakistan. He is a member of the project PAT (Pumps as Turbines) for small hydro power stations.

Dr. Aftab Sadiq

Qualifications/Trainings B.E. (MC Risalpur) MS, PhD Georgia Institute of Technology, USA

Current Position Dean SCEE

ProfileHis expertise resides in open channel flow, Scour around bridge abutments in the flood plane.


Dr. Habib-ur Rehman

Qualifications/Trainings B.Sc. degree in electrical engineering from the University of Engineering and Technology Lahore, Pakistan, in 1990. He received M.S. and Ph.D. degrees, both in electrical engineering, from the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, in 1995 and 2001 respectively

Current Position Associate Professor SEECS

ProfileHe has a wide experience in the area of power system, power electronics, and motor drives in industry and academia. From January 1991 to September 1993, and June 1995 to December 1995, he worked as a substation engineer in NESPAK, Lahore, Pakistan. He was involved in the design, installation, testing, and commissioning of 00 KV substations. From July 1998 to December 1999, he worked as a design engineer in the Ecostar Electric Drives and Ford Research Laboratory, where he was a member of the Electric, Hybrid, and Fuel Cell vehicles development programs. From 2001 to 2006 he worked in the department of electrical engineering at the United Arab Emirates (UAE) University, Al-Ain, U.A.E., as an Assistant Professor. In 2006, he joined the department of electrical engineering at the American University of Sharjah where he was working as an Associate Professor. In 2011, he joined NUST school of electrical engineering and computer science (SEECS) as an associate professor.Dr. Rehman’s primary research interests are in the areas of microprocessor/digital signal processor based adjustable-speed drives and their efficiency optimization, power electronics, alternative energy vehicles and renewable energy systems. He has authored and co-authored 13 international journal and 33 conference papers

Prof Ahmed Sohail

Qualifications/Trainings MSc 2001, DU Sweden, MS 2002 DU Sweden

Current Position Assistant Professor College of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering (EME), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST).

ProfileHe is currently engaged as National Consultant for Evaluation and Monitoring of Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Program REEEP-GTZ in Pakistan by AGEG engaged by BMZ Germany. Chief Consultant on Sustainability assessment of ten MHP sites in Chitral, Gilgit and Skardu to UNDP GEP program PURE implemented by AEDB. Chief Consultant (National) for Solarization of Beacon House School System. Project financed by USTDA engaged with TTI Washington to execute the study. Chief consultant to PURE ‘Productive Use of Renewable Energy’ A UNDP financed project engaged by AEDB & UNDP jointly. Chief Consultant /Team leader of “Baseline Survey on Renewable Energy potential in KPK and Balochistan conducted by European Union. Potential Evaluator and National Monitoring Consultant/expert in the project of “ “Support of the project on Ground Water Development by using solar water pumping in FATA” Project executed by GTZ REEEP Program. Appointed by GTZ Germany to evaluate the existing water situation for agricultural purposes in KURRAM Agency FATA and to find optimum solution based upon Solar PV Pumping. External Consultant of efficient & Environment friendly brick manufacturing in Pakistan EEBP funded by Swiss Embassy Islamabad. Project Director for “Solar Industrial Water heating system for leather Industry (HEC Funded Project).


Mr. Shahid Hussain Ansari

Qualifications/Trainings BE/MS Chemical Engineering, UET Lahore

Current Position Faculty Member SCME-NUST

ProfileUndertaking PhD. Recently completed on job training in Clean Coal Technologies. He has strong interest in reaction engineering, reactor design, instrumentation and process control and advanced catalysis. He has firm grip on APEN-HYSYS design software. Mr. Ansari possesses vast experience in IPRS with overseas training.

Mr. Khawar Shah

Qualifications/Trainings BS Electrical Engineering, Wright State University, Dayton OH USA.

Current Position Centre for Energy Systems (CES), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST).

ProfileHe is involved in manufacturing of solar cells, designing alternate energy solutions for commercial and domestic use. He has developed five inch solar cell for the first time in Pakistan. This process involves the use of silicon grade wafer. The problems faced were the doping concentrations, how to adjust them, and how to develop different methods and process to improve the solar cell efficiency. This involved the removal of edge shorts using plasma etching. He has designed power solution for telecom tower which involves solar cell panels and hybrid system with different backup time. The system can support 1kw, 2kw, and 4kw. He has worked on the design and process for manufacturing of power IC for mobile phone. This device is manufactured on a five inch wafer in high current implanter. This IC is manufactured for the first time in Pakistan.


NUST is one of the few Pakistani universities to practically engage in industry collaboration. It has a long-standing relationship with the Pakistani industry. Much of the research adopted by the various schools at NUST derives from the necessity to maintain a high level of skill and technical R&D capability to fulfill the requirements of Pakistan’s industries.

NUST HAS ADOPTED THREE GUIDING PRINCIPLES FOR COLLABORATION WITH INDUSTRY THAT WILL HELP ENSURE A MUTUALLY BENEFICIAL ARRANGEMENT:

• Successful university and industry collaboration should support the mission of each partner. Any efforts in conflict with the mission either partner will ultimately fail.

• Industrial practices and national resources should focus on fostering appropriate long-term partnerships between the university and industry.

• The university and industry should focus on the benefits to each party that will result form collaborations by streamlining negotiations to ensure timely conducted of the research and the development of the research findings

a. In April 2010, NUST established the CORPORATE ADVISORY COUNCIL (CAC) on the initiative of Rector NUST with the objective of developing a single platform for interacting with the industry. The CAC has the able guidance of Dr. Akram Sheikh, Professor Emritus NUST and Advisor NUST. The design of the CAC is based on the expertise of various NUST schools, dovetailed with industry requirements. The CAC encompasses 11 sectors of the economy, including Automotive, Health & Pharmaceuticals, Infrastructure, IT & Telecom, Engineering, Banking & Financial Services, Power & Energy, Chemical, Defense Technologies, Intellectual Property, and the Social Sector. This comprehensive sectoral mapping of the Pakistani economy and establishment of direct links has resulted in meaningful and productive partnerships at various levels with public and private sector industries.

Through these industry-academia linkages, NUST aims to fulfill the following objectives:-

a. Help develop required University-Industry collaborations for “knowledge economy” and “technology driven development”.

b. Build mutual trust and faith.c. Build, produce and provide knowledge and

knowledge capital in terms of qualified human

resource.d. Visible, effective and measurable contribution to

the Pakistani Economy.e. Help productive employment for NUST Graduates

in Pakistan.f. Joint studies, projects and R & D (domestic &

global Industries).g. Encourage domestic and global Industry to invest

in NUST R&D facilities.h. Help initiate appropriate projects in NUST

Technology Park.i. Undertake required studies jointly with Industry

to assist government for rapid development & economic growth.

Each sector is co-chaired by two Senior Executives (one from NUST and one from the Industry).The Sector Committees comprise 8-10 members, with representation from the industry and NUST Academia. This structure has given a forum to experienced heads from industry and academia to combine their expertise and thoughts, and to invest time and effort in R&D critical to the specific sector, national-level policy making, resource generation, international collaborations and entrepreneurship, hence striving to fill the gap between industry needs and academic research, and at the same time enabling NUST students to conduct practical rather than mere academic research.For the Energy sector, as for each of the other sectors, the presence of the formal platform called CAC, has facilitated the identification of specific industry needs, and development of research projects and programs tailored to those needs. The industry is heavily involved in the R&D going on at the NUST schools, making sure that industry needs are fulfilled, and students receive training that improves their understanding of the industry, and prepares them for adding value to the economy as they graduate and enter the workforce. NUST develops strategy for parallel development of short & long term projects with the industry. Its strategy is to undertake projects in the short-term, showing tangible results for the industry and solving its immediate problems. At the same time, it works on longer term projects as per a road map developed in agreement with the industry partners.NUST schools have partnered with the industry for various short & long-term projects, including, but not limited to, the following:-• Carrying out energy audits of industrial units, and

suggesting methods to reduce wastage of gas, electricity, and fuel, thereby improving efficiency of industrial units.

• Developing cost-effective solutions such as: improving industrial motor efficiency, installation of variable control drives, improving boiler efficiency (coupling with feed water from Solar Water Heaters), efficient

The Role of Corporate Advisory Council (CAC) and the Energy Sector


lighting solutions, efficient air conditioning solutions, etc.

• Developing solutions to address the acute shortage of energy being faced by industries in Pakistan. The solutions include:

• Development of coal gasification plants and retrofitting with existing gas engines in industries.

• Developing biogas systems from biomass / land fill as an alternative fuel for industrial power plants and rural empowerment under waste-to-energy projects.

• Adding solar PV to the industrial energy mix.• Developing micro-wind turbines to provide electricity

for industrial applications.• Developing solar water heating systems for use in

specific industries.• Development of new nano-structured materials for

solar energy storage.• Design of power generation systems based on rice

husk, bagasse, etc.• Conducting scientific studies on Bio-Diesel yielding

plants.• Development of a nanocatalyst for Bio-Diesel refining.

This particular invention at NUST promises to vastly reduce the energy outlay in transesterification and thus substantially improve the economy of some 20 billion Liters of Biodiesel produced globally.

NUST also understands the importance of developing curriculum in state-of-the-art technologies related to energy. With collaboration from the industry, the undergraduate program of Electrical Engineering aims to offer a Power Engineering program in the short-term coupled with a renewable energy curriculum recently

developed by the School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering and Energy Centre itself. This program will lead to an integrated post-graduate program of Energy Systems involving electrical, mechanical, chemical, materials, and environment engineering. NUST has recently established a CENTER FOR ENERGY SYSTEMS (CES) with the same objective.Since the scope of the Energy sector projects (both projects currently being conducted and projects being planned for the short-long term) is diverse, the “customers” NUST can serve also range from textile, telecom, and from engineering to agriculture. The institutions that are involved with NUST as part of the CAC energy committee include public and private sector organizations in the areas of:• Energy efficiency.• Alternate / renewable energy.• Regulatory and controlling bodies in Pakistan’s power

sector (NEPRA, OGRA, and ministries).• Policy making institutions.• Power generation and distribution companies.• Oil and gas exploration companies.• Oil refineries and oil marketing companies.

Through the collaborative efforts of the above-mentioned stakeholders, NUST is striving to develop cost-effective and sustainable solutions to the energy crisis faced by the Pakistani industry.

Through the collaborative efforts of the above-mentioned stakeholders, NUST is striving to develop cost-effective and sustainable solutions to the energy crisis faced by the Pakistani industry.

S# Name CAC RoleDesignation/ Organization

Address Contact No. Email Assistant

1 Mr. Khalid Aslam Industry Co-Chair

Director Projects

Sapphire Textile Mills Ltd

021-32416265, 0333-2372263 , 111000100

[email protected]

2 Dr. Bilal Khan NUST Co-Chair

Principal CES SCME-NUSTH-12 Sector Islamabad

0307-5558720, 051-91855100

[email protected]

Asad: 5101

External Members

3 Mr. Faridullah Khan

Member MD National Energy Conservation Center (ENERCON)

051-9206001 [email protected]

4 Mr. Sarwar Saqib Member Acting DG Ministry of Environment, ENERCON


Energy Sector CAC Industry Counterparts


S# Name CAC RoleDesignation/ Organization

Address Contact No. Email Assistant

5 Mr. Pervez Mir Member GM Power Nishat Group of Companies (Textile and Power)


6 Mr. Saadat Ali Member CEO Waste to Energy, Islamabad

0300-8540195

7 Mr. Hassan Javed Member Senior Vice President

Kandra Power, Petroleum Exploration Limited


8 Mr. Muhammad Ziauddin

Member CEO- Elan Partner Pvt Ltd

Elan Partner Pvt, Head Office # 239, Street # 35, Sector F-10/1, Islamabad.

03215033545, (51) 2291012-3 +92 (51) 2291017

[email protected], [email protected]

9 Dr. Salman Zakria Member CEO- DESCON , Lhr

042-35805134

10 Mr. S. Nowaid Anjum Zaidi

Member Deputy General Manager- PSO

PSO House, 2nd Floor, Khyaban-e-Iqbal, PSO House ,Clifton, Karachi

UAN: 111-111-776 / Ext : 256 Dir:9221-5636434 Fax:9221-5636433 Mob: 0333-2115017

[email protected]

Ms. Neelofar,021-35636434

11 Suhail A Khan Vice President Polyester Business ICI

ICI (Akzonobel Lahore)

056-111100200

12 Mr. Habil Ahmed Khan

Member Director Operations- Welt konnect

Welt Konnect, St #8, Agha Khan Avenue, F-5/1, Islamabad

Tel: 051-2870422, Cell: 0300-5140020

[email protected]

Mr Awais Chaudry 0321-5111777

13 Dr. Asad Javed Member Pakeges, Lahore

Office: 042-35822173, Cell: 0302-4337749

[email protected](Have to mail him)

14 Mr. Bakhtiar Wain President and Chief Executive Officer Avanceon Limited

19-KM Main Multan Road, Lahore 54660

042- 3111 940 [email protected]


NUST University – Industry Portal on Biofuels

Chris J. Willmann*, Qamar Malik*, Mohammad Bilal Khan**and Ali Bahadar****CEO / COO / Director NRG Biofuels Inc., Calgary, Alberta, Canada**Principal / Director Centre for Energy Systems and Co-Chair Energy Sector Corporate Advisory Council NUST, ***HEC PhD Scholar,

Business Description Working with the Centre for Energy Systems (CES) at the National University of Sciences and Technology in Islamabad, NRG Biofuels is developing technology that will turn the marginally efficient biofuels industry into a highly profitable enterprise providing social and economic benefits as well as outstanding investment opportunities.The case for biofuel is the case for liquid fuel needed in on-road trucking, long range driving, aviation and marine. Putting power on the grid does not help in this direction, a point that was amplified in keynote speeches delivered by Principal/Director CES at the Network of Academies of Islamic Countries and International Conference on Energy Systems Engineering at EME NUST. As fossil fuel reserves dwindle and prices rise, governments around the world are requiring oil companies to include a certain percentage of biofuels in their gasoline and diesel fuel. To meet this demand, researchers are scrambling to find an economical and sustainable method of producing biofuels. The term biofuels is generally associated with ethanol produced from food crops such as corn, sugar cane, rape seed/canola and palm oil. These sources of feedstock remove valuable food crops from the market and take arable land out of food production. In addition, there are not enough of these crops to meet rising demands for biofuels. Over the past five to ten years, the primary focus of research has been on using non edible feedstock like jatropha and algae for biofuels. Algae are found everywhere, but grow best in areas 30-degrees north or south of the Equator. Algae feed on CO2 and can be grown in ponds or bioreactors. Production of biofuels from algae is projected to increase by 43 percent a year. In 2010, the market value of micro algae technology was $271 million; by 2015 the market value of micro algae technology is expected to be $1.6 billion. Correspondingly the global production of biodiesel from plant feedstock e.g. jatropha, currently stands at 100 MT / annum. PSO alone imports diesel to the tune of 10 MT / annum, according to GoP directive 10 % of which needs to be replaced with biodiesel by the year 2020, a saving of $ 1.0 Billion. Jatropha grows well in substandard soil, is extremely drought tolerant and will produce high quality yields for a minimum of 40 years. Jatropha fields can be planted in regions where food crops may not survive, providing employment and economic stability in

traditionally impoverished third world countries. Jatropha growth and oil extraction is an established industry; the challenge has been to make the process cost-effective. The new transferable technology for the extraction processes will double the output of Jatropha and Algae oil for biodiesel and cut processing times in half.It is at the next step in the process, however, that technological innovations give the collaborating partners a significant edge using their patent pending procedures to extract 85-90 percent of the lipids in the algae—an unprecedented rate of extraction. Another innovation involves the fast track transesterification procedure that converts the oil into biodiesel. This partnership will build a micro algae growth and processing demonstration plant in Pakistan that will begin producing oil soon in the foreseeable future.

The End Product – Bio-dieselVial of Bio-fuel Produced in the Lab


Key Initiatives and Objectives The first key initiative is the construction and testing of the pilot project to ensure that the processes will scale up successfully to commercial production. In order to meet this initiative local companies will fabricate all necessary equipment (expellers, extraction gadgets and bioreactors) for micro algae production based on CES NUST design, build a demonstration plant, and run the plant to test the ability of the system to reliably manage the high levels of output required. An important break through in this direction is the indigenous design, fabrication and testing of a solarized photobioreactor that runs on a neutral energy cycle, now fully functional at NUST.

The primary objective is to reach a commercial production level of biodiesel from micro algae, and to earn revenues from providing Jatropha growers with production services and equipment. NRG will meet these objectives by:• Entering into joint venture agreements with industrial manufacturers to locate micro algae production plants on their manufacturing site, with the understanding that each plant will capture CO2 emissions at the rate of 1.2 million cubic feet per day.• Building 52 micro algae processing plants (not

Solarized Airlift Tubular Photo bioreactor in operation at CES NUST

including the pilot plant) in Pakistan and Africa by the end of 2014, reaching production of 6,750 barrels of biodiesel a day.

Market Opportunities Building on a long and successful association with the National University of Sciences and Technology in Islamabad, NRG Biofuels is focusing its initial biofuels production in Pakistan. Pakistan is ideally suited to this project. The country urgently needs energy to support the world’s sixth largest population. Pakistan also has a favourable business environment, including low development and labour costs, and a supportive legal, tax and regulatory framework. English is the official language.NRG Biofuels is in agreement in principle with Pakistan State Oil to buy any biofuels produced at world market prices. There is also a significant opportunity to private industrialist. As NRG Biofuels will be selling their products wholesale, their primary focus will be on the government/state oil providers and large industrial firms. NRG Biofuels will examine options for sale of their biodiesel to the joint venture partners who are providing the location and the CO2 emissions for the micro algae plants. There are ten countries currently growing Jatropha commercially; and many more countries where Jatropha production is in the start-up phase. These growers are all potential markets for our processing services.

Competitive AdvantagesA key advantage for the improved process is the market. Pakistan imports most of its diesel fuel and the Pakistan State Oil company has made a commitment to mixing 10 percent biodiesel into imported diesel by 2020. NRG Biofuels is targeting smaller countries where the need is greatest. They are not attempting at this time to compete with the international oil companies and their subsidiaries that are looking for solutions for the major markets of North America and Europe.There are also competitive advantages of bio fuel production verses oil and gas. Drilling and successfully completing a commercial producing oil and gas well is very high risk. The oil and gas industry has huge environmental challenges (Gulf of Mexico) before and after drilling programs. All oil and gas producing wells encounter decline rates in daily production and reserves. On the other hand, Biofuels cleans-up the environment when producing bio fuels. For bio fuel production, there is no drilling risk, no environmental challenges, and no decline in daily production and/or company reserves.

Oil in Algae is contain in millions of micro cells


Biodiesel convertible oil is contained in millions of cells in micro algae. The challenge is to extract this from the pouches by commercially viable means. Super critical fluid manufacturing is a promising route adopted by NRG Biofuels / CES NUST. The equipment has been donated by NRG Biofuels to CES NUST with concomitant scale up to pilot plant in collaboration with local industry.

Marketing Strategy NRG Biofuels is selling a wholesale product to a very specific market; the company does not need to engage in retail level strategies. Their public relations process will focus on building relationships and developing contracts with operations such as transport services, as well as with the oil distributing companies.

Business Overview

Vision and Mission Statements

VisionThe project encompasses a visionary approach to reducing carbon emissions and using renewable resources to create biofuels that will set the standards for sustainable biofuels development, and improve the quality of life for the people and the communities involved in the production and processing of our biofuels.

MissionWe will ensure that biofuels production is a viable commercial enterprise by focusing on technology for reducing green house gases and increasing the yield of biofuels.

Location and Facilities NRG Biofuels’ base of operations is currently in Pakistan. The research arm of the company is Centre for Energy Systems (CES) at the National University of Sciences and Technology, (NUST) Islamabad. A Centre for Excellence in Energy Systems is being established at NUST. Dr. Qamar Malik has been Foreign Faculty Professor at NUST, and sits on a CAC committee that assesses all new technology developed by the University and is heading industrial research. Academic counterpart is Dr. Mohammed Bilal Khan, T.I., and galaxy of distinguished researchers from various institutions of NUST. Pakistan is ideally suited for this biofuels project. This Commonwealth member has a local energy deficit (estimated at $5 billion per year) and the sixth largest population in the world (expected to reach 208 million by 2020). The official language is English and the legal system is based on British common law. There is an excellent fiscal, tax and regulatory environment, and development costs are between a quarter and a third of those in North America or Europe. There is also a significant under-utilized labour market. We have already developed key relationships with partners and potential customers in Pakistan.

NRG BIOFUEL PROCESSING:


Cooperation with Asian and Pacific Centre for Transfer of Technology (APCTT) for the Promotion of Renewable Energy Technologies in Asia-Pacific Region

Dr. Adeel Waqas, School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, represented NUST at the APCTT forum, Guangzhou China 30 Nov to 01 Dec 2011

APCTT is a regional institution of the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UNESCAP) servicing the Asia-Pacific region established in 1977 with the objective of facilitating technology transfer in the Asia-Pacific region. The objectives of the Centre are to assist the members and associate members of ESCAP through strengthening their capabilities to develop and manage national innovation systems; develop, transfer, adapt and apply technology; improve the terms of transfer of technology; and identify and promote the development and transfer of technologies relevant to the region.

Member Countries of APCTTFollowing countries are the focal point using the APCTT platform currently in Asia pacific region


Many rural areas in developing countries, including Pakistan, do not have grid connectivity. People in these countries also have limited access to alternate, reliable energy sources for their livelihood needs as well to meet their entrepreneurial initiatives. These rural households need energy for cooking, irrigation for agricultural purposes, processing and storage of agricultural produce, domestic applications (lighting and other domestic electrical appliances) and for operating small-scale production systems. Given this situation, off-grid, stand alone renewable energy micro-systems could play a key role in meeting energy needs of the people living in such remote areas.While many nations have initiated steps to introduce such micro-systems, experience suggests that their diffusion is not widespread due to a variety of technical and systemic issues. Promoting R&D collaboration in developing and transferring commercially sustainable and viable renewable energy micro-systems for rural applications could be a significant step towards achieving energy security, promoting rural entrepreneurship, and fostering inclusive and sustainable development in member countries.A consultative forum for research managers in Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China during 30 November to 1 December, 2011was organized by APCTT to share

experiences and deliberate upon possible approaches and modalities for promoting research and development (R&D) collaboration in the development of renewable energy micro-systems for rural applications in Asia pacific countries. APCTT is currently implementing a project to establish an institutional cooperation mechanism known as the Renewable Energy Cooperation-Network for the Asia Pacific (RECAP). This cooperation mechanism aims at providing a unique opportunity for member countries in the network to share information on best practices for RET selection, adoption, and usage as well as to benchmark best practices with respect to policies and policy instruments used by member countries to promote the adoption and usage of RET. The main focus of the forum was to explore the possible ways for enhancing R&D cooperation among institutions and researchers involved in the development of renewable energy micro- systems for rural applications of the member countries. R&D initiatives being undertaken in the respective country with regard to renewable energy micro-systems for rural applications with focus on solar, biomass, wind and hydro energy systems, including hybrid systems were also discussed in the forum.

1. ThailandThailand can offer its expertise in the fields of Biomass gasification, solar dryers, Bio-diesel (Jatropha). Asian institute of Technology, Thailand (AIT) can be used for policy and technical assistance especially RETs in the rural areas. Technical assistance in the fields of Rice husk gasification also possible.Collaboration with some universities like AIT and Chiangmai universities is also possible in the respective fields.

2. Sri LankaEfficient cooking Stoves, Biogas and biomass gasification, Micro/Mini hydel can be offered by Sri Lankan government especially in the rural areas of the Pakistan.

3. Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology

(KAIST) was willing to support in the fields of Distributed Generation, Smart Grid, Fuel cell Technology, PV technology and small hydro technology through research and development. EEWS and KAIST institute of Eco Energy can collaborate with other countries using APCTT forum for the Promotion of RETs for rural areas.

4. PhilippinesPhilippines can offer Solar desalination and Bio gasification technologies Pakistan

5. NepalNepal will like to offer micro mini and Pico hydel systems and these are easily available in the country. Water mills upto 1-3 KW systems can be offered which are indigenously developed.

Renewable Energy for Rural Application

Potential Collaborating Countries for the Promotion of Renewable Energy Technologies in PakistanCountries with whom NUST can collaborate for the promotion of Renewable energy technologies in Pakistan using APCTT platform are explained


6. IndiaIndia has the vast experience of PV system for lighting, water pumping (irrigation and drinking water) and for health system in distributed rural areas as well as extreme remote areas. Indigenous industry for the manufacturing of PV cells is well established in India and PV modules can be purchased at very reasonable price compared to the international market. India will be ready for transfer of technology of PV modules as different African countries have benefited from it already. India can also provide trainings for rural electrification using PV technology and can share its experience in this regard. The best way will be that country purchasing the PV system and the training can be free of charges. APCTT forum can be used to provide these types of trainings for engineers and technicians.

7. Fiji IslandsThe country is not much involved and focused in R&D of RETs for rural applications. And the country is seeking cooperation for using coconut shells coconut residue for rural applications. PV technology is also being looked for lighting application as well as solar dryers.

8. ChinaPossible collaborations in the field of Solar Thermal, biomass and biogas power generation for rural application (1kW to 20 MW).Yunnan University (SERI → Solar Energy Research Institute) was ready to support on PV for lighting and water pumping

and biodiesel technologies. The university will be ready to provide trainings in the respective RETs fields and will be ready to open its labs for the projects as they have big and modern labs for PV research and development purpose and can initiate the joint research is also possible.China can also share its experience and provide technical assistance for the deployment of RETS in remote and rural areas.A high quality research is being conducted at Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion in the field of biogas and bio diesel.

9. BangladeshSolar (PV) home systems and biomass for micro systems can be provided to other countries. Need financial and Technical support for micro, mini and pico hydel systems.

ConclusionsTo conclude, collaboration in the field of Biomass gasification, Biodiesel, Solar thermal applications, PV technology, distributed generation and smart grid technology is possible and is being imitated with respective countries. The universities like, Asian Institute of Technology, Thailand, Yunnan University, China, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion-China and Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) were ready to initiate the joint research with universities in Pakistan especially NUST. The APCTT platform can be effectively used for the promotion of RETs Pakistan and for this the current NUST Center for Energy System can play a vital role.


NUST Participation in the 4th Asian School on Solar Electricity for Rural Areas20th – 24th June 2011, Puri Pujangga, UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

Prof. Zia-ud-Din of SMME participated in the esteemed moot on behalf of NUST & Pakistan

SummaryNUST is committed to become the leading institute in Pakistan to foster research and educate students and policy makers on energy issues that are crucial to the future of Pakistan. NUST especially focuses in the field of energy conservation and renewable energy technologies. Assistant Prof. Mr. Zia Ud Din from the School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering (SMME) participated in a capacity building workshop on solar energy technologies for rural areas organized by the Solar Energy Research Institute (SERI),National University of Malaysia (UKM) Bangi, Malaysia from 20th to 24th June 2011, with cooperation of the Islamic Scientific, Education and Cultural Organization (ISESCO), and the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).

IntroductionSolar energy is the world most abundant source of energy. It is also the most environmentally compatible source of renewable energy. The amount of solar energy intercepted by the planet Earth is 170 trillion kW. This represents an enormous amount of untapped energy at the door step.Presently, the demand of energy is met by fossil fuels (i.e. coal, petroleum and natural gas). It is a well known fact that 8 countries have 81% of all world crude oil reserves, 6 countries have 70% of all natural gas reserves and 8 countries have 89% of all cost reserves. More than half of Asia, Africa and Latin America import over half of all their commercial energy. This problem is worsened by the fact that demand on power generation is continuously increasing in these countries especially in China and India. At the current rate of production, the world production of liquid fossil fuel (petroleum and natural gas) will decline by the year 2012, transforming the world into a net importer of liquid fossil fuel.Moreover, the emission of greenhouse gases arising from human activities, especially those related to the use of fossil fuel, open burning in agricultural practices and land-use management have many side effects. Their combustion products produce pollution, acid rain and global warming. In fact the last two decades have been the warmest on record. These resulted in unpredicted weather patterns

throughout the world. To overcome these global effects, sustainable, clean and safe energy policies that would satisfy the energy demand of the twenty first century have to be implemented. Renewable energy resources particularly solar should therefore be key energy sources for the future.Photovoltaic systems convert solar energy into electricity. Photovoltaic applications are in building integrated photovoltaic systems, water pumping, and many other applications in remote areas where access to electricity is difficult. Photovoltaic system can be hybrid with other renewable energy sources such as wind energy. This will increase the reliability of the system, prolong the operation, optimize the usage of renewable resources and ensure economic viability.Solar energy is expected to become an important component in the total energy picture in many develop and developing countries and will play an important role towards achieving long lasting, sustainable, and environment friendly renewable energy resources.

Participation of the WorkshopThere were total of 20 participants, the officials from ministries and academia from Malaysia, Indonesia, Islamic Republic of Pakistan, Islamic Republic of Iran, Republic of Kazakhstan and Republic of Azerbaijan. Assistant Prof. Zia Ud Din from NUST, also the representative of Pakistan presented the potential and its present status of solar energy in Pakistan especially its application in rural areas.In addition to the solar energy applications, the experts from the Solar Energy Research Institute (SERI),UKM Bangi Malaysia discussed with the participants of the workshop the following various renewable energy options for rural applications in their respective countries.

1. Pico Hydro for Rural ApplicationsHydropower is one of the sources which can generate energy, especially in Malaysia and Pakistan, by the flowing water into a turbine to produce electricity. There are three types of hydropower discussed in this topic, such as storage dams (mostly large, > 10 MW), run-of-river (10 kW – 25 MW)


and pump storage (used for peak power on a grid system) hydropower systems. However, the size of the hydropower can be divided into large hydro (> 10MW), small hydro (< 10 MW), mini hydro (< 1 MW), micro (< 100 kW) and pico hydro (< 5kW). The advantages and disadvantages were also discussed. Finally, this lecture introduced the hydropower to the rural areas using micro and pico hydro built by UKM in the rural areas in Malaysia. Mr. Zia Ud Din highlighted the great potential of micro and pico hydro turbines in northern areas of Pakistan where there is an estimated potential of 300 MW for micro hydropower. As of today, only 10 MW of that potential has been tapped.

2. Wind EnergyA lot of research has been done but only in the last few years there have been a lot of improvement of renewable energy based on wind. This is due to the high potential of the wind to generate power. The advantages of the wind energy are easy to build, wind factor, this field can create industry and jobs and has export potential. Finally the feasibility of wind turbines was discussed with real examples that had been installed around the world. The coastal areas of Pakistan were highlighted for the huge potential for wind power.

3. PV as Cottage Industry and Micro FinancingFrom this discussion session, participants realized that photovoltaic (PV) industry is not only for experts, such as scientist, engineers or researchers rather it is possible for all. It can be transformed to a cottage industry with a small capital cost. Malaysian experiment is successful in making PV as a cottage industry. The process used in the cottage industry is tabbing and stringing to connect the solar cells, pre-laminating process, laminating, framing and module testing. All of these processes become extremely simple and at a low cost but yet the outcome is as good as the fully-automated process which required a huge capital cost. On the last day of seminar, all participants made their own laminated solar cells.

4. Using HOMER Software to Design PV System The experts introduced HOMER software that can be used to design renewable energy systems. This includes the input, simulation and sensitivity analysis within HOMER. A simple example on a hybrid system has been presented including a PV Wind Diesel Hybrid system. Other advanced features such as fuel cell and hydrogen storage and well as grid connection has been presented. HOMER is a computer model that simplifies the task of evaluating design options for both off-grid and grid -connected power systems for remote, stand-alone and distributed generation (DG) applications. HOMER’s optimization and sensitivity analysis algorithms can evaluate the economic and technical feasibility of a large number of technology options and to account for variation in technology costs and energy resource availability. HOMER estimates the lifecycle cost of the system, accounting for the capital, replacement, operation and maintenance and fuel costs. After simulating

all of the possible system configurations, HOMER displays a list of feasible systems, sorted by lifecycle cost. Thus, we can easily find the least cost system at the top of the list.

5. Biomass and BiogasThe paper describes the importance of biomass as a source of renewable energy. Biomass materials have greatest potential to be processed as feedstock in bio-energy production or as fuels in combustion, gasification and pyrolysis systems. It discussed various methods of preparing the biomass materials. It identified various applications and focus areas of research and development in handling and storage of biomass.

ConclusionThe forum introduced various technologies and application of solar and other renewable energy for the rural area such as PV, wind, hydro power and biomass. HOMER software was introduced to the participants to design a more cost effective energy system. Finally, the practical approach was to enhance the delegates understanding of the overall process on making solar cells and panels and their installation, commissioning and maintenance of Photovoltaic System. In concluding session of the workshop, Mr. Zia Ud Din from NUST suggested that the participant countries must cooperate with each other in renewable energy technologies to achieve the following objectives:

a. To promote the use of environment friendly technologies for developing Asian countries

b. To create awareness among policy makers, academics and professionals among developing Asian countries on the concept of sustainable technology such as solar energy

c. To present and transfer the state of the art solar energy technologies for rural applications

d. To share case studies and design tools for solar system sizing and costing

e. To introduce micro financing schemes for solar technologies in Asian countries

f. To expose participants to practical aspects of photovoltaic system applications in future workshops

g. To come out with certain doctrines, policies, memorandum of understandings (MOU) between the participating countries and get the benefit from the experiences of each other.


Renewable Energy Research atThe Pakistan Navy Engineering College

Dr. Suhail Zaki Farooqui

Faculty of Engineering Sciences

In view of the recent developments in renewable energy sector, a wind energy research project was initiated at PNEC at the beginning of the last decade. Under the special directives of the President, the government of Pakistan asked the Pakistan Meteorological Department (PMD) in 2001, to carry out a three years project of wind resource assessment in the coastal areas of Pakistan. The implementation of the project was jointly monitored by the author of this article and the Director General of the Pakistan Council of Renewable Energy Technologies (PCRET). Round the clock wind data was collected at one hundred feet high purpose built towers at forty five different locations along the coastal areas of Sindh and Baluchistan. The digital data was stored in data loggers for three years. The data was analyzed in 2004 and forty one thousand megawatt wind power potential was identified in the Gharo wind corridor alone, near Karachi. One third of this resource, that is, fourteen thousand megawatt is technically extractable. Extrapolation of this assessment indicates at least three times more off shore resource in the Pakistani territory of the Indian Ocean. For comparison, the current total energy demand in Pakistan is around fifteen thousand megawatts. A second phase wind data collection project at another forty five locations in the Northern areas of Pakistan is currently underway. The results are expected by early next year.

The wind energy research project of PNEC was aimed at the indigenous designing and fabrication of small wind turbines according to the local wind conditions in Pakistan. A number of horizontal and vertical axis wind turbine concepts have been explored in the power range of 300 to 1000 watts during these years, despite severe financial limitations. Wind turbines are highly localized machines. One wind turbine suitable for a given location may not operate optimally at another location. Most of the imported wind turbines are designed at high wind speed ratings at 10–13 meter per second, and therefore do not operate properly in Pakistan, where we have average wind speeds in the range of 5–7 meters per second. This is to be realized that the power in the wind depends upon the cube of the wind speed, hence power in the 8 meter per second wind is only half as compared to the power in the 10 meter per second wind. Following is a pictorial overview of the wind turbines developed at PNEC at wind speed ratings of 8 meters per second. Special emphasis is laid on developing low cost technologies, so that the end product may become more affordable for the common user in Pakistan.

Three bladed 500 watt horizontal

axis wind turbine Three bladed 1000 watt vertical

axis wind turbine with a combination of Savonious and Darrius type blades

Three bladed 300 watt horizontal axis wind turbine with PVC blades


The Wind & Solar Research Laboratory was established at PNEC in 2007 after receiving a grant from HEC for the study of Doubly-Fed Induction Generators for the production of constant voltage and frequency power in stand alone wind turbines. Recently, another grant has been approved by HEC for the designing and fabrication of a two kilowatt solar thermal power plant at PNEC. A number of products have been developed at the laboratory in the field of solar thermal energy. Here is a pictorial overview of these products.

2 meter x 1.8 meter experimental Solar Parabolic Trough developed at PNEC, that heats the 2.3 liters of Heat Transfer Fluid (HTF) in the central tube to over 300 Co in less than an hour.

A low cost solar water distillar capable of purifying 4 to 6 liters of water per day has been designed, fabricated and successfully tested. It is inclined at an angle of 25o to give the maximum annual output. With dimensions of 3 feet by 4 feet it ideally can be placed over the roof top of any house. Impure water is filled in the morning and 100% pure water becomes available in the evening. Water is held in small steps on treated surface, and gets converted to vapors by the solar radiation. The vapors then condense on the inside of the glass surface and slide down onto a channel, which conveys them to an outlet where they get collected in a container. It can become an Ideal source of clean water for small families. Larger sizes may be constructed as per demand.An entirely new type of solar cooker with separate Collector and Cooking chamber have been designed and fabricated in the Wind & Solar Energy Research Laboratory at PNEC. The Collector supplies a constant power of 500 watts to the cooking chamber. This concept is entirely different from the conventional green house effect based solar cookers, and it permits frequent interventions during the cooking process which are not permitted in the conventional solar cookers. The plain mirrors at the bottom reflect the concentrated solar power onto the vacuum tube, where oil is heated to high temperatures like 200-300 Co. The chamber houses a cooking pot inside it, which contains the stuff to be cooked. The mirrors at the bottom require solar tracking. The tracker is operated by a battery. The system is low cost and practical, because it allows the operator to stay in the shade, since the collector and cooking chamber may be separated from each other by a distance.


Ahmad Sohail, Assistant Professor

College of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering has played an exemplary role in establishment of university industry linkage. Many projects have been undertaken fulfilling the need of the industry and signifying the role academia has to play for the promise of industry in Pakistan. Following is the brief synopsis of the project undertaken by the author and his team.

Pakistan First Industrial Solar Water Heater:A country with abundance of solar insolence, it was regrettable that there was no demostratable model for industry how to benefit from solar energy. Under the funding of Higher Education Commission, Pakistan’s first industrial solar water heater was installed at Saddique Leather Works Sheikhupura Road Lahore. The system was capable of heating 30,000 litre of water per day at 80oC. Since 2007, system is working perfectly and saving tremendous amount of fuel to the industry.

Federally Administrated Tribal Areas (FATA) are known for their difficult terrain and landscape. Fetching water for household needs is a daunting task for the females of the area. Under funding of USAID, solar water pumping systems were installed at all 6 agencies of the tribal belt. The installed system fulfils the needs of the resident of the villages as well as their animals. The systems are working satisfactorily since 2008.

For far flung areas, where access to grid connected electricity is not possible, solar off grid system offers perfect solution. Kharan (Baluchistan) is one such area where access to electricity is still a dream. With the funding of Muslim Aid, solar electrification system was installed at a village in Kharan. The system involved lighting and water pumping solutions for the households.

For far flung areas, where access to grid connected electricity is not possible, solar off grid system offers perfect solution. Kharan (Baluchistan) is one such area where access to electricity is still a dream. With the funding of Muslim Aid, solar electrification system was installed at a village in Kharan. The system involved lighting and water pumping solutions for the households.

It is estimated that 1% of electricity in our country is consumed by public lighting i.e. road lights, street lights etc. Lighting systems based on Metal Halide technology are symbols of a by gone era and Light Emitting Diodes (LED) are the future of lighting industry. With the funding of Department of Science and Technology KPK, models of LED road lights were installed in the municipality of Peshawar and their performance was monitored. The result was a

Academia-Industry Linkages: A Case of College of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering

Solar Water Pumping Project

Off Grid Solar Electrification

Energy Efficient Lighting Systems

success resulting in electricity saving of 85% while providing similar output in light.


On Grid Solar Photo Voltaic System:The concept of distributed generation is coming of age for demand side management of electricity. The ability to generate electricity on site and feed to the grid through instruments such as net metering has matured and resulted in wide spread adoption of on grid renewable adoption. Under the funding of USTDA, 10KW PV system was installed at Beaconhouse School System Canal Campus Lahore. The behaviour of PV system is being studied to develop a model for on grid PV system. The system is in operation since August 2011.

Energy Auditing Services:Energy is one of the most important factors of production cycle and its increasing cost has rendered it very important to use it intelligently. However it is estimated that in Pakistan, up to 30% of recoverable energy is lost due to poor housekeeping. Energy auditing is the method to identify the loopholes in energy generation and utilization systems. For that matter, we have conducted energy audits in textile, leather and steel rerolling sectors to signify the energy conservation options and develop energy plans for industries. This is much needed for all industrial as well as commercial and residential sectors as well. As ENERCON is soon implementing energy codes, it’ll become compulsory to have energy auditing done. Hence it is necessary to provide critical mass of expertise to meet this need.

Biogas From Slaughter House Waste:Establishment of slaughter house in Lahore (Lahore Meat Processing Complex) to fulfill the local needs of protein and for export purposes, needs attention is a step in positive direction. This complex is capable of producing 0.75MW electricity based on bio gas from bio degradable bio-degradable waste of the slaughter. This will also promote sustainable culture in the city.

Smart Distribution Grids:Climate change, ageing grid infrastructures, reducing network losses, and new power generation technologies are driving the need for the traditional power grid to undergo significant adjustments. To operate the power systems under new conditions, the smart grid concept has been proposed by integrating renewable energy sources, energy storage, demand response, intelligent instrumentation, self-healing technologies, and information and communication technology (ICT) for continuous real-time monitoring, asset management, and control of electric gird capable of two-way flow of both power and information. One of the important characteristics of a smart grid is the interoperability that enables all of the required devices, technologies, applications, and energy market players (regulated and deregulated) to interact in order to efficiently deliver sustainable, economic and secure electricity supplies. Smart grid is an evolution towards an optimized and sustainable energy system which is more intelligent, efficient, reliable, and it has positive influence on climate change.

Current Undertakings

Deploymenet Of Advanced Metering Infrastructure:Considering energy demand side, the consumers are interested to get ever greater control over their energy usage and the application of technology is already meeting this requirement. Smart metering, e.g., allow utility customers to take advantage of time-of-use (ToU) pricing that was formerly available only to large commercial/industrial users. AMI provides the information about energy usage (demand) to utilities, consumers and the grid itself. This enables all parties to make better decisions about reducing costs and strain on the grid during times of peak demand. From the technological point of view, AMI provides the necessary communication and control functions needed to implement critical energy management services such as pricing schemes, automated meter reading (AMR), demand response, and power quality management.

Grid Integration Of Renewable Energy Sources:The increased share of distributed generation has been achieved with the “fit and forget approach”, focusing on connection rather than integration. In practice, these energy sources have been connected to the power system under limits established by planning studies assuming worse case conditions, limiting their functionality and applying strict relay settings designed for early unit tripping. With the current integration approach only energy is displaced but not capacity because the lack of control mechanisms restrain any sort of management and conventional units are still required to provide system services. Therefore, the overall objective of maintaining and even reinforcing electric power security has to be accomplished in an economic optimal way integrating conventional and non-conventional power plants (controllable and non-controllable) into the power system operation. To control the power systems under above situation, the smart grid have been proposed by integrating ICT, RES, control and instrumentation.

Conclusion:We as academia in indebted by of our nation to play our role by presenting remedies to the issues our country face. We at college of E&ME doing our bit in the spirit of bring academia at the forefront of development drive for Pakistan and intent to continue on this path.


Energy, being an important factor of production, is essen-tial for improving the quality of human life as well as for economic activities. To sustain higher economic growth, the country needs reliable, uninterrupted, and affordable supply of energy. The per capita consumption of energy is viewed as an important indicator of economic development of any country. Countries with higher Human Development Index (HDI) have higher per capita energy consumption. The world is facing a daunting task to meet the growing energy demand which is likely to double in the next twenty years. Pakistan is among the list of developing countries where the need to address the issue of energy demand is the greatest. Pakistan’s energy demand is projected to reach 129 million tones of oil equivalent (TOE) in the next 15 years. Ensuring the availability of useable and affordable energy is the cornerstone of Pakistan’s current and future development strategy. In recent years, the energy demand has increased sharply in Pakistan owing mainly to strong economic growth and the attendant rise in per capita income. The supply of en-ergy has, however, remained far too short to match grow-ing demand because the existing energy resources could not be sufficiently explored and exploited. Consequently, the energy supplied remained deficient to offset the grow-ing demand of domestic, industrial, commercial and power generation needs. Despite being a high priority agenda item, the development in energy sector has remained less-than-satisfactory for a variety of reasons including finan-cial constraints, unprecedented surge in oil prices, high risk endeavours, low interest of private sector, inadequate institutional framework, heavy costs and complex charac-ter of hydrocarbon development. To address the issue of demand-supply gap, the government is working on many fronts, including the import of electricity and gas from Iran, utilization of 185 billion reserves of coal, development of small and large hydro projects, promotion of efficient use of energy, and acceleration of current programs of alterna-tive energy development.Energy sector in Pakistan comprises sources like electricity, gas, petroleum, nuclear and coal. There has been a con-sistent change in the energy consumption mix in Pakistan over the past decade or so. The shares of gas and coal in-creased to 40.3 percent and 13.7 percent respectively since 1996-97; coal consumption has witnessed a 7.7 percentage points increase in its share during the same period. On the other hand, the share of oil consumption has declined to 29.3 percent from 48 percent; while the share of electric-ity consumption has remained flat during the period (15 percent). The change in energy consumption mix is partly attributed to the availability of indigenous energies such as gas and coal and partly to the unprecedented surge in global oil prices. Primary energy supply has increased by 51 percent since 1998-99 to 62.9 million TOE in 2007-08. The per capita availability of primary energy has increased by 26 percent during the period. As stated earlier, the demand has out-stripped the supply of energy and as such the economic activity has been adversely affected over the last two years.

Unless the gap between the demand and supply is bridged, Pakistan’s economic activity will remain hostage to energy constraints. Despite its critical importance to economic development energy sector has remained under researched. The issues such as bridging the gap between supply and demand for energy; forecasting the supply and demand, conserving energy to address the issue in the short-run; addressing the augmentation of supply of energy, the role of prices in changing the consumption mix of energy; looking for alternate sources of energy; developing generation capac-ity through alternate energy like wind and solar technolo-gies, biodiesel, bio-gas and small hydro projects; enhancing the efficiency of the use of energy; and determining the potential of an energy through nuclear technology, needs thorough research for which there exists no proper institu-tional mechanism. The Centre for Energy and Environment will be the proper institution to undertake policy-oriented research and provide regular policy inputs to the govern-ment. Energy and environment are closely linked with each oth-er. Presently, around four-fifths of the energy used in the world is based on fossil fuels. Burning these fuels releases emissions which cause air pollution, infrastructure damage, human disease and climate change. These problems are manifested, at a local level through the fogs; at a regional level through the acid rain; and, at a global level through the rise in average world temperature as a consequence of the green-house effect. In fact, global climate protection is the supreme environmental challenge that mankind is now facing. Solution to this problem lies in the transformation of the present energy system through:a. Reduction in the use of fossil energyb. Energy Conservation, andc. Substantial development of new renewable en-ergy sources.As the population of this planet rises from the current 6 billion to an estimated 7.5 billion by 2025, and as the large population centers in Asia, Africa and South America en-hance their industrial base, the demand for energy and stress on the environment will reach unprecedented lev-els. Unless developing and industrialized countries start to collaborate now to anticipate potential problems and to search for solutions, the future generations will face a world where it may be too late to reverse trends towards more scarcity of energy resources and greater stress on the environment.While the industrialized countries are starting to address some of the current and anticipated problems, they can-not succeed without close collaborations with countries like Pakistan that are struggling to eradicate poverty and illiteracy so that these countries are able to develop their industrial base, in a sustainable manner, without posing any serious threat to the global environment. It is in the interest of all of us on this planet to work together to pre-serve the quality of life for future generations, regardless of where they make their home.

Energy and EnvironmentProf. Dr. Ashfaque A Khan: NBS, NUSTDr. Ishtiaq A. Qazi: IESE, NUST


NUST Institution Wise Specific Activities Programs, Research Areas and Degree Courses Offered in the Energy Sector.

School/Department Activity/Projects Programs Research AreasEnergy Related Courses

School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering (SMME).

Establishment of Research Labs for Renewable Energy Systems Engineering. Seminars on Energy Efficient Buildings.

Participation in Shell Eco Marathon Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Solar EnergySolar Water HeatingSolar Home ElectrificationSolar PumpingBiodiesel Conversion Plant.

Solar Energy SystemsRenewable EnergyHydrogen / Fuel Cell TechnologyPower PlantsEnergy ConversionPower ElectronicsPower EngineeringElectro-Mechanical SystemsOil and Natural Gas Economics

Pakistan Naval Engineering College (PNEC).

Projects related to Solar, Wind and Ocean Energy.25 Seminars on Wind & Solar Energy.Wind Data Collection Activity along the coastal Areas of Sindh & Baluchistan.Designed & fabricated six different types of wind turbines (300-1000 W).

Development of Indigenous technology for low cost manufacture of wind and solar energy applications equipment

Wind EnergySolar EnergyOcean Energy

Renewable Energy (B.E Level)

School of Chemical and Materials Engineering(SCME)/ Centre for Energy Systems (CES)

Biodiesel Production Initiative.Established and Patented Biodiesel Technology.Establishment of Pilot Plant Continuous Biodiesel Setup Facilities.Development of Biofuel Engineering and Algae Energy Lab.Stimulated growth of Algae Species in Photobioreaactors.Super Critical Extraction Lab.Indigenous Fabrication of composites wind mill rotors according to NACA profile.Interface Engineering to produce Stouter Filament Wound Casing Gas Storage Cylinders. for Gas Compression in Bioenergy sector (Patent Number .140917).Gas Cleaning Unit forSyn Gas.

Pilot Scale Setups of Continuous Biodiesel production.Super Critical Fluid Extraction Facility.Algae biomass Cultivation in Photo Bioreactors.MoU with NRG Biofuels Canada for Pilot Scale Investigation of Jatropha Crop Cultivation and Setting up of pilot scale production facility.Melinda Gates Foundation Grant for Investigation/setting up Pilot Scale Biogas Pilot Unit.

Clean Coal Technologies; FT SynthesisThin FilmsBiofuel EngineeringAdvanced Biofuel TechnologyBiomass Conversion ProcessInnovative Extraction and Separation Tools Renewable EnergyEnergy Systems EngineeringNano CatalysisPlant Design and CharacterizationInterface Engineering for fabrication of filament wound structures to serve gas compression needs in the Bioenergy and syn gas sectors.

Chemical KineticsReaction engineering and Reactor DesignTransport PhenomenaEnvironmental EngineeringGas EngineeringFuel and CombustionNano MaterialsCombustion and Propulsion


School/Department Activity/Projects Programs Research AreasEnergy Related Courses

College of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering (EME)

Solar Industrial hybrid water heating system.Solar Water Pumping Project for deprived communities of FATA funded by US AID.Installation of solar PV Hybrid System.Installation of street lights.Evaluation/monitoring of Renewable Energy and energy efficiency Program (BMZ Germany).Baseline Survey on renewable Energy potential in KPK and Balochistan.WINROCK USA funded project for Kharan Balochistan: Installation and provision of solar electrical lighting.

Designing/Fabrication and Optimization of bio gasifier and biodiesel conversion units.Design of 25 kw power system based of CPC technology using Solar Energy.Identification of Waste Heat Recovery potential at thermal Power station of AES.

Solar Thermal.PV wind hybrid systems.Absorption based solar cooling.Geothermal applications for Heating & Cooling.Biodiesel extraction and Plant design.Bio gas Digester design development BIOMASS Gasifier

Energy Resources &Management.Sustainable Systems Engineering.

Research Centre for Modeling and Simulation (RCMS).

Indigenous Development of 1 KW Wind Turbine.External Flow Analysis of Trucks.Indigenous Development of 5 KW Wind Turbines.

Research projects in the energy sector at this school of NUST primarily reside in the domain of computer modeling and simulation.

Wind Energy.Solar Energy.Fuel and Combustion.

Modeling and Simulation of Energy systems

College of Aeronautical Engineering (CAE)

Energy efficient lighting using solar PV technology.Study and design a small scale solar-powered thermoelectric system.Detailed aerodynamics design and fabrication of wind turbine, blades.Feasibility study for conversion of a gasoline engine into an ethanol engine and compare the performance results.

Analysis of HBLED technology.Analysis of DC & AC drivers for HBLED.Analysis of solar PV technology.Efficient solar lighting system development & analysis.

Solar (PV)Wind TurbinesRun of River/Hydel energy production.

Power ElectronicsMicroelectronicsCircuits & systems


Course name Department Program w/in Dept.

Undergrad/grad Compulsory/elective

Credit hrs

Engineering Geology Military College of Engineering

Civil Engineering Undergrad Compulsory 3--0

Hydrology and Water Management

Military College of Engineering

Civil Engineering Undergrad Compulsory 1.5-0.5

Public Health Engineering



Irrigation Engineering Military College of Engineering


Design And Construction of Earthen Dams


Civil Engineering Undergrad Elective 3--0

Open Channel Flow Military College of Engineering


River Engineering Military College of Engineering


Environment Management & Impact Assessment



Power Electronics NUST CE & ME Electrical Engineering

Undergrad Compulsory 3--1

Power Engineering NUST CE & ME Electrical Engineering


Electric Machine Drives NUST CE & ME Electrical Engineering


Hydro Acoustics and Sonar Theory

NUST CE & ME Electrical Engineering


Thin Film Processing NUST CE & ME Electrical Engineering

Grad Compulsory 3--0

Thin Film Characterization

NUST CE & ME Electrical Engineering


Thermofluid Lab-1 NUST CE & ME Mechanical Engineering





Undergrad Compulsory 0-1

Combustion in Engine NUST CE & ME Mechanical Engineering

Undergrad Elective 3--0

Electrical Machines NUST CE & ME Mechanical Engineering


Energy Conversion and Power Electronics

NUST CE & ME Mechanical Engineering


Energy Resources & Utilization



Gas Turbines NUST CE & ME Mechanical Engineering


Hydrogen/ Fuel Cell Technology



Energy Related Courses offered at NUST




Credit hrs

Internal Combustion Engine



Introduction to Oil and Natural Gas Engineering



Oil and Gas Economics and Management



Power Generation and Distribution



Power Plant Engineering NUST CE & ME Mechanical Engineering


Power System Analysis NUST CE & ME Mechanical Engineering


Renewable Energy technologies



Solar Energy Systems NUST CE & ME Mechanical Engineering


Advanced Mechanics of Materials



Coating Technology NUST CE & ME Mechanical Engineering


Form Synthesis & applied stress Analysis of Machinery



Mechanics of Fibre re-inforced Composites



Thermo fluids NUST CE & ME Mechatronics Engineering


Electro-Mechanical Systems

NUST CE & ME Mechatronics Engineering


Design of Machine Elements



Industrial Electronics NUST CE & ME Mechatronics Engineering


Combustion in Fuel Cell Systems



Fuel cell fundamentals and technology



Bio-Inspired Systeems NUST CE & ME Mechatronics Engineering


Energy Resources Management

NUST CE & ME Engineering Management


Waste Management NUST CE & ME Engineering Management


Power Distribution and Utilisation

Pakistan Navy Engineering College

Electrical Engineering


Power System Analysis Pakistan Navy Engineering College




Power Transmission Pakistan Navy Engineering College



Power Electronics Pakistan Navy Engineering College



Power System Protection Pakistan Navy Engineering College



Machine Design and Equipment Training




Power System Operation and Control




Power Generation Pakistan Navy Engineering College



Power Electronics Pakistan Navy Engineering College

Electronis Engineering


Electrical Machines Pakistan Navy Engineering College

Electronis engineering


Advanced Control systems




Hydro Acoustics and Sonar Theory




Advanced Power Electronics


Electronics Engineering


Fluid Mechanics II Pakistan Navy Engineering College

Mechanical Engineering

undergrad Compulsory 0--1

Theory of Machines Pakistan Navy Engineering College


undergrad Compulsory 3--0

Automotive Driveline Engineering



undergrad Elective 3--0

Gas dynamics Pakistan Navy Engineering College



Hydrogen / Fuel Cell Technology




Sustainable Energy systems




Advanced Turbo Machinery






Credit hrs


Thermal system design Pakistan Navy Engineering College



Surface engineering Pakistan Navy Engineering College

Manufacturing engineering


Advanced coating Technology


Manufacturing engineering


Transport Phenomenon School of Chemical and Materials engineering

Chemical Engineering


Simultaneous Heat & Master Transfer

School of Chemical and Materials engineering



Simultaneous Heat & Master Transfer Lab




Instruementation & Process Control




Chemical Reaction Engineering




Fuel & Combustion School of Chemical and Materials engineering



Fuel & Combuston Lab School of Chemical and Materials engineering



Chemical Process Design & Simulation




Composite Materials School of Chemical and Materials engineering

Materials Engineering


Nano-materials School of Chemical and Materials engineering



Combustion & Propulsion School of Chemical and Materials engineering

Energetic Materials




Credit hrs


Advanced Fuel technology


Energetic Materials


Interface engineering School of Chemical and Materials engineering

Energetic Materials


Surface Engineering and Characterization




Advanced Surface Coatings




Electronics and Magnetic Materials




Materials for high temperature Applications




Coastal Engineering School of Civil and Environmental Engineering

Structural Engineering


Advanced Geo Techical Design

School of Civil and Environmental Engineering



Geotechnical Site Investigation




Advanced Soil Mechanics School of Civil and Environmental Engineering



Earth Structures School of Civil and Environmental Engineering


Grad Elective 3--0

Design And Construction of Earthen Dams




Water supply and Wastewater Engineeering


Construction Engineering and Management

Grad Elective 3--0

Water Resources, economics, Planning and Management


Construction Engineering and Management




Credit hrs


Advanced Open Channel Hydraulics


Water Resource Engineering & Management


Apllied Hydrology School of Civil and Environmental Engineering



Ground Water Hydrology School of Civil and Environmental Engineering


Grad Elective 3--0

Hydropower Engineering School of Civil and Environmental Engineering


Grad Elective 3--0

Water shed Management School of Civil and Environmental Engineering


Grad Elective 3--0

Solid waste Management School of Civil and Environmental Engineering


Grad Elective 3--0

Engineering Hydrology Institute of Environmental Science & engineering

Environmental engineering


Priniciples of water and waste water treatment

Institute of Environmental Science & engineering



Water pollution Control Institute of Environmental Science & engineering



Environmental Health & safety




Cleaner Production Techniques




Environmental Chemistry and Microbiology




Unit Processes in Environmental Engineering




Industrial and Hazordous Waste Management



Grad Elective 3--0



Credit hrs


Environmental biotechnology



Grad Elective 3--0

Environmental Laboratory




Environmental policy & Governance


Environmental Science

Grad Elective 3--0

Environmental Ethics Institute of Environmental Science & engineering


Grad Elective 2--0

Cleaner Production Technology




Energy Policies NUST Business School

Public Policy Research Centre

Grad Elective 3--0



Credit hrs


NUST HeadquartersNational University of Sciences & Technology (NUST),Sector H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan.

NUST UAN: +92-51-111-11-6878

E-Mail: [email protected]

Website: www.nust.edu.pk

NUST IdentityThe NUST emblem is a reinterpretation of the old logo. It retains the essence of the previous insignia, and breathes new life into its meaning.

The Book of Knowledge lights up the darkness, through the Vine of Wisdom which bears the two moons and stars facing towards the East and the West, symbolising the diversity of disciplines and the fruit of knowledge.

The Rising Sun brings change, hope and enlightenment. It emanates inspiration and from the light of knowledge, four birds take wing from the nests of light, and spread out to the four corners of the world, symbolising the quest for spiritual gratification through knowledge and wisdom.

The NUST Blue is a colour that represents the future. It carries all the characteristics of the colour blue, like dignity, grace, freshness, professionalism, prudence and resolve.

CentreforEnergySystems(CES)NationalUniversityofSciencesandTechnologyH-12islamabadwww.ces.nust.edu.pkTel:+925190855100Mob:03075558720