Green Freight Jürg Grütter

www.transport-ghg.com

matching transport with climate finance 06/2016

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Contents

´ Focus ´ Measurement approach ´ Aerodynamics ´ LRRs ´ Tyre inflation ´ Eco Drive ´ Other technical measures ´ Logistics ´ Other measures

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Focus

´ Long-haul road based freight transport

´ GHG emissions

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Measurement Concept

´  Measurement is core: In general impacts are OVERESTIMATED

´  Concept and approach developed by Grütter Consulting

´  3 approaches:

´ Normalized test-run

´  Before-after

´ Comparison truck

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Measurement Method

´ Fuel →  CO2  emissions  

´ Normaliza1on:  speed  and  GVW  

´ Distance  /  Euro  /  speed  /  load  factor  →  BC  emissions  

 

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Aerodynamics

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Aerodynamics Results

´ Driving speed: 30-35 km/h

´ Fuel and GHG saving: 5 to 7%

´  Investment per truck 500-1,000 USD

´ Due to driving speed the only valid aerodynamic equipment is cab deflector and cab extension

Parameter   Value  Additional investment truck   1,000 USD  Remaining life-span of truck   5 years  Fuel cost   0.65 USD/l  Fuel saving aerodynamic device   7%  Savings life-time fuel cost   8,020 USD  Payback time   7 months  

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Tyres

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LRR Results

´ Fuel and GHG savings: 5%

´ Additional investment per tyre: 40 USD/unit but limited market availability plus rims

Parameter      

Total required investment in LRRs per truck   11,660 USD  

Additional investment per truck  880 USD  

Savings life-time of tires on fuel cost   1,650 USD  

Profitability per truck  770 USD  

Payback time   7 months  

Lifespan of tires   13 months  

Fuel price   0.65 USD/l  06/2016

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Tyre Inflation

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Tyre Inflation Results

´ + 1 bar (8 to 9 bar or plus 15 psi)

´  2-3% fuel or GHG savings

´  Cost marginal if manual and too high if automatic

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Eco Drive

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Eco Drive Results

´  3-5% fuel or GHG savings

´  Sustainability of impact difficult

´  Eco Drive curricula has been developed

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Other Technical Measures

´  LNG trucks

´  Lighter structures

´  Refrigeration units

´  Urban trucks: e.g. electric

´ Diesel Particle Filters

´  Larger trucks

´  ICT

´  Fuel consumption standards, tyre standards

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Trucking Logistics

´ What is the problem?

´ Europe average load factor 43% with 24% empty return

´ US empty load factor 28%

´ Without proper data “solutions” might not match problems

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Vietnam

´ Empty backhaul unweighted 35% but based on tkm 26% i.e. more an issue of shorter distances

´  Average load factor unweighted 56% and tkm 69%

Empty truck share relative to direction

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Laos

´ Empty backhaul 38% and average load factor 55% ´ Empty load factor construction material N-S 85%

and only 30% S-N: Liquids S-N 22% and N-S 0%; miscellaneous I both directions around 20%

´ To a large extent structural asymmetries

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Bangladesh average load factor: 80% but small trucks

Other Measures ´ Fiscal policies:

´ Freight pricing e.g. pricing per tkm as in Switzerland

´ Fuel pricing (diesel price elasticity of -.07 to -0.22

´ Mode switch for medium and large distance

´ Green Freight Label

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