great britain historical gis project: a vision of britain though time ontologies of place: what are...
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Great Britain Historical GIS Project:A Vision of Britain though Time
Ontologies of Place:What are gazetteers about?
Humphrey Southall(University of Portsmouth/
Great Britain Historical GIS)
Great Britain Historical GIS Project:A Vision of Britain though Time
What kinds of geographical entity?
• Traditional GIS very focused on landscape features• But interpretation of historical texts is about units and places
15th April 2010 2
Gazetteer Type
Landscape Features
Administrative Units
Places
Typed Yes Yes No
Visible Yes No No
Defined by Existence in landscape
Legal establishment as corporate bodies
Shared perception; mention in texts and discourse – “social tagging”
Defined as (mostly) points legally defined polygons
(mostly) fuzzy polygons
Great Britain Historical GIS Project:A Vision of Britain though Time
England’s most deprived areas
13th April 2011 3
• NB units are SOAs, so blame Dave Martin
Great Britain Historical GIS Project:A Vision of Britain though Time
Jaywick versus Breckfield
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Great Britain Historical GIS Project:A Vision of Britain though Time
Breckfield? No such place
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Great Britain Historical GIS Project:A Vision of Britain though Time
Argleton, the town that does not exist
• ‘All Google is saying on the matter is that it does experience "occasional errors" and that the mapping information was provided by a Dutch company called Tele Atlas. And all Tele Atlas's spokesperson will add is that "I really can't explain why these anomalies get into our database.“’
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Great Britain Historical GIS Project:A Vision of Britain though Time
The Sun in the Sands
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Great Britain Historical GIS Project:A Vision of Britain though Time
Sun in the Sands Rotary
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Great Britain Historical GIS Project:A Vision of Britain though Time
Sun in the Sands as a place
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Great Britain Historical GIS Project:A Vision of Britain though Time
Sun in Sands bus map
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Great Britain Historical GIS Project:A Vision of Britain though Time
Sun in the Sands as a neighborhood
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Great Britain Historical GIS Project:A Vision of Britain though Time
Nag’s Head, Islington, c.1905
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Great Britain Historical GIS Project:A Vision of Britain though Time
Nag’s Head today
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Great Britain Historical GIS Project:A Vision of Britain though Time
Nag’s Head in Wikipedia
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Great Britain Historical GIS Project:A Vision of Britain though Time
Nag’s Head Town Center
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Great Britain Historical GIS Project:A Vision of Britain though Time
Elephant and Castle then and now
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Great Britain Historical GIS Project:A Vision of Britain though Time
Elephant and Castle is definitely a place
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Great Britain Historical GIS Project:A Vision of Britain though Time
Four features or one place?
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Great Britain Historical GIS Project:A Vision of Britain though Time
Feature types in C19 Gazetteers
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Place Feature Type String Source
Gruinard, Ross-shire
a bay, an island, and two streams Groome
Ripon, Yorkshire a city, a township, a parish, a sub-district, a district, a liberty, and a diocese
Imperial
Gloucester parliamentary and municipal borough, city, market and county town, and river-port
Bartholomew
Burghead, Moray a promontory, a bay, a small town, and a quoad sacra parish
Groome
Laxey, Isle of Man a village, a bay, a headland, a rivulet, and a vale
Imperial
Great Britain Historical GIS Project:A Vision of Britain though Time
What kinds of geographical entity?
• Crowd-sourced extraction of names from geo-referenced historical maps are the obvious basis for rapid construction of large historical gazetteers
15th April 2010 20
Gazetteer Type
Landscape Features
Administ-rative Units
Places Nameson Maps
Typed Yes Yes No ?
Visible Yes No No On the map
Defined by Existencein land-scape
Law Shared perception,discourse
Nameson maps!
Defined as (mostly) points
legally defined
polygons
(mostly) fuzzy
polygons
(Offset)points