grammar course

Grammar course

JONNY VALDERRABANO

25/02/2015

228 páginas

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Grammar course

Introduction

How to ... 1

Exercise 1 2

Exercise 2 3

Exercise 3 4

Present

Basic verbs

I am what I am 5

To be or not to be 6

I have an exercise for you! 7

Go on, have another one 8

A man's gotta do what a man's gott... 9

This is something you have to do 10

I do indeed 11

No, we aren't! 12

You've got what it takes 13

Have a heart 14

To have and to have not 15

You've got what I want 16

Pronouns

An English article 17

Whose is it? 18

It's yours! 19

Our cause 20

Give me the right answer 21

Do it yourself 22

Simple/continuous

Jane and Thomas 23

Gail's weekend 24

Sylvia is complaining about the ser... 25

Anne and Kevin 26

What's happening? 27

Chaos 28

Questions/negations

Sorry? 29

What do they do? 30

What? Why? Where? 31

Order 32

No! 33

You aren't what you say you are 34

I like coffee, but I don't like tea 35

Curso de gramática English Copyright © 2013 digital publishing AG, Múnich


Future

Will, going to

I call my parents every weekend 36

What does the future hold? 37

Tell me everything 38

Where there's a will, there's a way 39

Willy-nilly 40

A hard rain's gonna fall 41

Back to the future 42

Tomorrow is another day 43

Shake it all about 44

I won't, I won't, I won't! 45

Other future forms

Plans 46

What are you doing tomorrow? 47

Traveling in time 48

All in the family 49

The future looks rosy 50

A day in the life 51

Later, not now 52

Future 53

If sentence 1

Possibilities 54

Hollywood stars 55

What will you do for me if I ...? 56

Stopgap 57

If I were a rich man 58

Adjectives

Comparatives

As high as the sky 59

Jogging 60

Beyond compare 61

Reaching for the sky 62

Less is more 63

Now and then 64

Superlatives

I want the best! 65

The ... the 66

Taxi! 67

Flowers 68

Adverbs

Well, well, well 69



Well done! Keep going! 70

Madly, truly 71

The Burtons 72

Prepositions

At, in, to

Where? 73

You'll get there in the end 74

Time is on our side 75

Find your way 76

On cloud nine, in seventh heaven 77

On the grapevine 78

For, from, of

I feel sorry for you 79

What a surprise 80

Crocodile tears 81

Forever 82

By car, bus, train

By the by 83

How will they do it? 84

Gulliver's travels 85

Jet setter, high flier 86

Transportation 87

Jumping on the train 88

Verbs and forms

On to something else 89

Do you mind giving the answers? 90

Come on! You're good at doing this 91

What's the problem? 92

Decisions decisions 93

Let's meet up 94

Modals

Can, could, should

Anything you can do I can do better 95

Could I speak to ...? 96

Golfing 97

Truckers 98

Call the police! 99

I suppose I should 100

May, might

Maybe, perhaps 101

On the beach 102

A night at the restaurant 103



What should I do? 104

Have to, must

It's my duty 105

This is a must 106

No U-turn 107

The setting sun 108

Who will do it? 109

We had to be able to do it 110

You must be joking! 111

I would if I could 112

Quantities

Plurals

Jobs 113

Sky, skies 114

Doctor, doctor! 115

All these blanks! 116

Much, many

A dinner party 117

Little by little 118

Milk and sugar? 119

A lot about Sandra 120

Friends, Romans 121

Some, any

Some like it hot 122

The press 123

We live in appalling conditions 124

Anything wrong? 125

Past

Regular, irregular

At the hot dog stand 126

Read, read, read 127

See, saw, seen 128

Past glory 129

Off to work 130

You forgot to call me 131

Look it's irregular 132²1

Yesterday 133²2

An evening in front of the TV 134²3

Take it to the past 135

Why didn't you call me? 136²4

Times change 137

The class of '79 138



Past (continuous)

February the fifth 139

Sunshine and blue sky 140

On the way 141

Just kidding! 142

When I walked into the room ... 143

If sentence 2

If you went to the market 144

Terror in class 145

It's music to my ears 146

Walks of life 147

Perfect

Simple/continuous

Have you ever ...? 148

Bills, nothing but bills 149

A load of has-beens 150

Since when? 151

We don't know what we've done 152

Past vs perfect

See you 153

'Simple' past? 154

It's all behind you now 155

That is the question 156

They're hopeless! 157

Take it easy 158

Florida's history 159

Nightclubbing 160

The Far East 161

An unusual morning 162

If sentence 3

Absolutely perfect! 163

Christine and Henry 164

An expensive restaurant 165

You should have asked! 166

Phrasal Verbs

Look, get, go

Look at this 167

Get on with it! 168

Go for it! 169

It's been ages! 170

Ages and ages 171

Take, stand, pick



Give and take 172

Take a chance 173

Stand up for your rights 174

Stand by! 175

Take your pick 176

Matheson and Batley 177

Put, run, keep

A trip to New York 178

Put this in order 179

Run rabbit run 180

Keep going 181

Things are looking up 182

Passive

...with modals

This needs your expert attention 183

This has to be filled in 184

Something has to be done, this can'... 185

Who will it be done by? 186

You shouldn't have done that 187

You could have tried! 188

...with present

Claim to fame 189

The waves 190

Airport procedures 191

It's being done 192

The barbecue 193

...with past tenses

An attack 194

Business not as usual 195

Where is everyone? 196

At the hotel 197

New pictures, new tables 198

They were not congratulated 199

We haven't done it! 200

Let them have somebody do it! 201

Sentences

Relative clauses

Who's who and what's what? 202

Who done it? 203

I am sorry for that which I have done 204

The things we do for love 205

Something that you put up with 206



Whose booze did you abuse? 207

Comatose 208

Walking and chewing gum 209

The money laundered by the Mafia 210

Specializing in stealing stolen art 211

Linking words

Think link 212

I mean, like, you know, it's kind of c... 213

I'm actually single at the moment 214

While you were sleeping 215

Short answers

You do, don't you? 216

So would I 217

Compatible couple 218

We're better than the Jones' 219

Hopes, thoughts and suppositions 220

Do whatever you want to 221

Reported speech

I cannot tell a lie 222

What did they say? 223

Whoever they are 224

There's a place in the sun 225

Talk to Tim

Ask for help 226

In the exercise 227

In the pronunciation exercise 228


E Grammar course | Introduction | How to ...

Curso de gramática English Copyright © 2013 digital publishing AG, Múnich| 1 |

Lee el texto y haz clic sobre los consejos de IntelliPlan.

¡Así funciona!

Aquí podrá familiarizarse con su software de aprendizaje mediante unos pocos pasos. En IntelliPlanencontrará algunos consejos sobre importantes funciones del programa que aparecen en esta páginay en los siguientes tres ejercicios.

Haga clic con el ratón sobre estos consejos uno tras otro. Lo mejor es que ponga en práctica cada unade las funciones descritas directamente con el ejercicio.

Cuando haya leído ya todos los consejos sobre el ejercicio actual, haga clic sobre el símbolo de laflecha que aparece en la parte superior derecha para pasar al siguiente ejercicio.

E Grammar course | Introduction | Exercise 1


Traslada las palabras a los espacios para completar el diálogo.

Nice to meet you

n Nick Miller.

n My Paul Rogers.

n Nice to you.

n to meet you, too.

name'smeet Nice I'm

You - ¿Tú o Usted?

En inglés no hay ninguna diferencia entre 'usted' y'tú'. Se dice siempre 'you'. Los apelativos 'Señora' o'Señor' (Mrs, Ms, Mr) se suelen evitar, así como lostítulos (por ejemplo, Doctor).

Nice to meet you

n I'm Nick Miller.

n My name's Paul Rogers.

n Nice to meet you.

n Nice to meet you, too.



Para escuchar las frases, solo tienes que pulsarlas y hablar al micrófono. Si tu pronunciación es buena, aprarecerá unaseñal azul.

Talk to Tim

Tim, correction.

Tim, show me the solution.

Tim, next exercise, please.



Traslada las palabras a los espacios correctos para completar las frases.

Where do they work?

A doctor works .

A secretary works .

A cashier works .

A housewife works .

A teacher works .

at homeat a school in a shop

in an office

in a hospital

Where do they work?

A doctor works in a hospital.

A secretary works in an office .

A cashier works in a shop .

A housewife works at home .

A teacher works at a school .

E Grammar course | Present | Basic verbs | I am what I am


Completa los espacios con las formas conjugadas del verbo 'be'.

I am what I am

The books all on the table in the living room.

The Willis Tower a very tall building.

Klaus and Susanne German, but I American.

This film very exciting.

It too cold in Chicago in the winter.

Sacramento and Denver both capitals.

The present of 'be' - El presente de 'be'

I am yo soyyou are tú ereshe is él eswe are nosotros somosyou are vosotros soisthey are ellos son

La forma de tercera persona singular 'is' no varía indistintamentede que acompañe a 'he', 'she', 'it' o a sustantivos como p.ej. 'thetable', 'the dog', 'the cup'.Ej.: The man is tall. The woman is tall. She is tall.

'You' también equivale a la forma de cortesía 'usted'.

I am what I am

The books are all on the table in the living room.

The Willis Tower is a very tall building.

Klaus and Susanne are German, but I am American.

This film is very exciting.

It is too cold in Chicago in the winter.

Sacramento and Denver are both capitals.

E Grammar course | Present | Basic verbs | To be or not to be


Completa las frases con la forma correcta del presente del verbo 'be'.

To be or not to be

The sky blue, the sun out and I happy.

Christine, you hungry?

Where my shoes?

This information very important.

Jane, Robert and Brian, you intelligent, but too lazy!

The present of 'be' - El presentede 'be'

I amyo soyyou aretú ereshe is él eswe arenosotros somosyou arevosotros soisthey areellos son

'He', 'she' y 'it' tienen la misma forma

To be or not to be

The sky is blue, the sun is out and I am happy.

Christine, are you hungry?

Where are my shoes?

This information is very important.

Jane, Robert and Brian, you are intelligent, but too lazy!

E Grammar course | Present | Basic verbs | I have an exercise for you!


Busca el final adecuado para cada frase.

I have an exercise for you!

We have all the timePaul AndersonAngela SmithI have a lot of work and IThis house is old and spacious and

has a heart of gold.has four bedrooms.have no time for you.in the world.has a new dress.

The present of 'have' - El presente de 'have'

I have yo tengoyou have tú tieneshe has él tienewe have nosotros tenemosyou have vosotros tenéisthey have ellos tienen

La forma 'has' se utiliza igualmente para 'he', 'she' e 'it'.

'You' también sirve para expresar la forma de cortesía'usted'.

I have an exercise for you!

We have all the timePaul AndersonAngela SmithI have a lot of work and IThis house is old and spacious and

in the world.has a heart of gold.has a new dress.have no time for you.has four bedrooms.

E Grammar course | Present | Basic verbs | Go on, have another one


Completa los espacios con las palabras adecuadas.

Go on, have another one

With all that work, and then all that wine, no wonderyou .

Patrick always to every question.

The main thing is to and relax on vacation.

Every evening, he before bed.

has the answer

have a good time have a headache

has a cup of hot chocolate

The present of 'have' - El presentede 'have'

I have yo tengoyou have tú tieneshe has él tienewe havenosotros tenemosyou have vosotros tenéisthey have ellos tienen

La forma 'has' se utiliza igualmente para'he', 'she' e 'it'.

'You' también sirve para expresar laforma de cortesía 'usted'.

Go on, have another one

With all that work, and then all that wine, no wonderyou have a headache .

Patrick always has the answer to every question.

The main thing is to have a good time and relax on vacation.

Every evening, he has a cup of hot chocolate before bed.

E Grammar course | Present | Basic verbs | A man's gotta do what a man's gotta do


Relaciona el principio de cada frase con su final correspondiente.

A man's gotta do what a man's gotta do

He is really in shape because heWhat can IThis is an excellent placeReading is something sheEvery Saturday, theyBrian is good at math and English because he

to do business.works out a lot.do for you?clean the apartment.does his homework.does in her spare time.

The present of 'do' - El presente de 'do'

I do we doyou do you dohe does they do

¡No olvides añadir'es' a la 3ª persona singular!

A man's gotta do what a man's gotta do

He is really in shape because heWhat can IThis is an excellent placeReading is something sheEvery Saturday, theyBrian is good at math and English because he

works out a lot.do for you?to do business.does in her spare time.clean the apartment.does his homework.

E Grammar course | Present | Basic verbs | This is something you have to do


Completa los espacios con las formas correctas de 'be', 'have' y 'do'.

This is something you have to do

Where's Adam? in the bathroom.He money, a house, a car and a yacht, but no time for friends.Rosie and Anne in Houston at the moment.

interested in literature, but I only the time tosome reading on weekends.

Valerie very artistic; an author. That's her job.engaged, I still single and Eric and Barbara are married.

has

am

He's she's

I'm

is

dohave

You're

are

The short form of 'be' - La contracciónde 'be'

I'm we 'reyou're you'rehe's , she's , it's they're

Repaso: be , have , doI am have doyou are have dohe is has doeswe are have doyou are have dothey are have do

This is something you have to do

Where's Adam? He's in the bathroom.He has money, a house, a car and a yacht, but no time for friends.Rosie and Anne are in Houston at the moment.

I'm interested in literature, but I only have the time todo some reading on weekends.

Valerie is very artistic; she's an author. That's her job.You're engaged, I am still single and Eric and Barbara are married.

E Grammar course | Present | Basic verbs | I do indeed


Contesta a las siguientes preguntas.

I do indeed

Are you tired? Yes, .

Does she have any brothers or sisters? Yes, .

Does Wayne play any sports? No, .

Do they watch a lot of TV? Yes, .

Am I strong? Yes, .

Short answers - Las respuestas

En inglés, a las interrogaciones que requierenuna contestación afirmativa o negativa seresponde no solamente con 'yes' o 'no', sinoque la respuesta correcta incluye el sujeto yel verbo auxiliar de la oración:Ej.: Are you French?

Yes, I am .(¿Es usted / eres tú francés / -a? Sí.)

Do you like chicken?No, I don't .(¿Le gusta / te gusta el pollo? No.)

I do indeed

Are you tired? Yes, I am .

Does she have any brothers or sisters? Yes, she does .

Does Wayne play any sports? No, he doesn't .

Do they watch a lot of TV? Yes, they do .

Am I strong? Yes, you are .

E Grammar course | Present | Basic verbs | No, we aren't!


Responde a estas preguntas con la forma negativa y emplea para ello las fomas abreviadas.

No, we aren't!

Do we have any butter?No, .

Are they still in Germany?No, .

Are you working at your computer?No, .

Do you feel okay?No, .

Are we in the right place?No, .

Does she have a map?No, .

No, we aren't!

Do we have any butter?No, we don't .

Are they still in Germany?No, they aren't .

Are you working at your computer?No, I'm not .

Do you feel okay?No, I don't .

Are we in the right place?No, we aren't .

Does she have a map?No, she doesn't .

E Grammar course | Present | Basic verbs | You've got what it takes


Escribe estas oraciones utilizando 'have got'.

You've got what it takes

I have one brother and two sisters.one brother and two sisters.

He has a blue Alfa-Romeo.a blue Alfa-Romeo.

They have a house in Tuscany.a house in Tuscany.

We have a lot of work.a lot of work.

You have a lovely smile.a lovely smile.

'Have' and 'have got'

Cuando el verbo 'have' se emplea en sentido de'poseer', se puede utilizar la forma 'have got'que es sinónima:Ej.: I have a car. / I have got a car.

(Tengo un coche.)

La palabra 'got' puede formar parte de la cons-trucción, aunque su papel no es esencial.'Have' se puede contraer con elcorrespondiente pronombre personal:

I've got we 've gotyou've got you've gothe's got they've got

You've got what it takes

I have one brother and two sisters.I've got one brother and two sisters.

He has a blue Alfa-Romeo.He's got a blue Alfa-Romeo.

They have a house in Tuscany.They've got a house in Tuscany.

We have a lot of work.We've got a lot of work.

You have a lovely smile.You've got a lovely smile.

E Grammar course | Present | Basic verbs | Have a heart


Forma interrogaciones basándote en las siguientes frases.

Have a heart

He has a Van Gogh in his bedroom.a Van Gogh in his bedroom?

She has got a big heart.a big heart?

They've got no more time left.any more time left?

We've got more money than we can spend.more money than we can spend?

You have a good job.a good job?

Questions with 'have' and 'have got' -Preguntas con 'have' y 'have got'

Para realizar preguntas hay dos posibilidades:

Ej.: 'Do you have a car?''Have you got a car?'

(¿Tiene / tienes un coche?)

Have a heart

He has a Van Gogh in his bedroom.Does he have a Van Gogh in his bedroom?She has got a big heart.Has she got a big heart?They've got no more time left.Have they got any more time left?We've got more money than we can spend.Have we got more money than we can spend?You have a good job.Do you have a good job?

E Grammar course | Present | Basic verbs | To have and to have not


Pon las oraciones siguientes en la forma negativa.

To have and to have not

He has a wine cellar.He a wine cellar.They have a mansion with 27 rooms.They a mansion with 27 rooms.She's got a cousin in New Orleans.She a cousin in New Orleans.We've got a test next week.We a test next week.You have a lot of talent.You a lot of talent.I have a dog named 'Fred'.I a dog named 'Fred'.

The negation of 'have' - Lanegación de 'have'

Para negar 'to have' hay dosposibilidades:

Ej.: I don't have a car.I haven't got a car.(No tengo coche.)

To have and to have not

He has a wine cellar.He doesn't have a wine cellar.They have a mansion with 27 rooms.They don't have a mansion with 27 rooms.She's got a cousin in New Orleans.She hasn't got a cousin in New Orleans.We've got a test next week.We haven't got a test next week.You have a lot of talent.You don't have a lot of talent.I have a dog named 'Fred'.I don't have a dog named 'Fred'.

E Grammar course | Present | Basic verbs | You've got what I want


¿Qué oraciones son correctas? A veces, ambas oraciones son correctas.

You've got what I want

I've got to go shopping after work.I have to go shopping after work.

He has a shower twice a day.He's got a shower twice a day.

We had got a car, but then we sold it.We had a car, but then we sold it.

They've got a new baby.They have a new baby.

He's traveled all over the world.He's got traveled all over the world.

Special features of 'have got' - Particulari-dades de 'have got'

Cuando el verbo 'have' actúa como auxiliar o encombinación con sustantivos como en 'have alook at something', no es intercambiable con'have got', es decir, ambas expresionesverbales no son sinónimas.Ej.: 'I have seen the movie three times.'

(He visto la película tres veces.)Ej.: 'Please have a look at the computer.'

(Fíjate en la computadora, por favor.)

La única excepción la conforma el verbo 'haveto' como verbo modal (tener que). En este casose puede emplear la forma 'have got to'.Ej.: 'I've got to go' es igual a 'Ihave to go.'

(Tengo que irme.)'Have got' no tiene pasado, en su lugar seemplea el pasado del verbo 'have'.Ej.: 'I had toys when I was young'

(Cuando era joven tenía juguetes)

You've got what I want

I've got to go shopping after work.I have to go shopping after work.

He has a shower twice a day.He's got a shower twice a day.

We had got a car, but then we sold it.We had a car, but then we sold it.

They've got a new baby.They have a new baby.

He's traveled all over the world.He's got traveled all over the world.

E Grammar course | Present | Pronouns | An English article


Completa los espacios con 'a' o 'an'.

An English article

This is very difficult book to read, butinteresting and unusual one.

I have hour to read hundred pages.That's impossible!

The indefinite article - El artículo indeterminado

Las formas 'un, uno, una, unos, unas' corresponden en inglés a 'a' o 'an'.

Se escribe 'an' delante dea, e, i, o, u y de la h muda.

Delante de unau también se utiliza 'a', cuando la palabra se pronunciacomo 'you':Ej.: an umbrella (un paraguas)Pero: a university (una universidad)

An English article

This is a very difficult book to read, but aninteresting and an unusual one.

I have an hour to read a hundred pages.That's impossible!

E Grammar course | Present | Pronouns | Whose is it?


Escribe de nuevo las siguientes frases utilizando 'give', como en el ejemplo.

Whose is it?

That is Paul's coat.Give it to him.

This is John's book..

Those are Roger's and Muriel's tickets..

That is Christine's bag..

That is my pencil..

Pronouns - Los pronombres

En inglés, las formas de lospronombrespersonales que funcionan como comple-mento directo e indirecto son las mismas.

me me me, míyou te te, tihim lo le, élher la le, ellait lo le, ellous nos nos,nosotrosyou os os, vosotrosthem los, las les, ellos

Whose is it?

That is Paul's coat.Give it to him.

This is John's book.Give it to him .

Those are Roger's and Muriel's tickets.Give them to them .

That is Christine's bag.Give it to her .

That is my pencil.Give it to me .

E Grammar course | Present | Pronouns | It's yours!


Completa las frases.

It's yours!

That's book. It's mine. Read !

I like your apartment but I prefer .

When they are on vacation, they writepostcards at the hotel.

You take car and we'll take .

yours yourtheir oursmine my

Possessive pronouns - Los pronombres posesivos

my mi mine míoyour tuyours tuyohis su (de él) his suyo (de él)her su (de ella) hers suyo (de ella)its su (de ello) its suyo (de ello)our nuestro ours nuestroyour vuestro yours vuestrotheir su (de ellos) theirs suyo

Ej.: My suitcases are heavy. The heavy suitcases aremine .

(Mis maletas son pesadas.) (Las maletas pesadas son

It's yours!

That's my book. It's mine. Read yours !

I like your apartment but I prefer mine .

When they are on vacation, they write theirpostcards at the hotel.

You take your car and we'll take ours .

E Grammar course | Present | Pronouns | Our cause


Completa los espacios con los adjetivos y pronombres posesivos que correspondan.

Our cause

We are in car and you are in .He is in element.The dog is in kennel.Mary is in twenties.Timothy and Andrew are in forties.I am in prime.

my ourherits yourshistheir

Possessive pronouns - Los pronombres posesivos

my mi mine míoyour tuyours tuyohis su (de él) his suyo (de él)her su (de ella) hers suyo (de ella)its su (de ello) its suyo (de ello)our nuestro ours nuestroyour vuestro yours vuestrotheir su (de ellos) theirs suyo

Ej.: My suitcases are heavy. The heavy suitcases aremine .

(Mis maletas son pesadas.) (Las maletas pesadas son

Our cause

We are in our car and you are in yours .He is in his element.The dog is in its kennel.Mary is in her twenties.Timothy and Andrew are in their forties.I am in my prime.

E Grammar course | Present | Pronouns | Give me the right answer


Encuentra el final adecuado para cada frase.

Give me the right answer

If you see John, giveIf you talk to Patricia, giveIf you see the Robertsons, giveIf you see Linda before the party, giveIf you take something, give

her my love.them my regards.her an invitation.it back.him a copy of my new book.

Personal pronouns - Los pronombrespersonales

Sujeto ObjetoI yo me meyou tú you tehe él him lo, le, seshe ella her la, le, seit esto it lo, le, se

we nosotros us nosyou vosotros you osthey ellos, ellas them los, las,les, ellos

Give me the right answer

If you see John, giveIf you talk to Patricia, giveIf you see the Robertsons, giveIf you see Linda before the party, giveIf you take something, give

him a copy of my new book.her my love.them my regards.her an invitation.it back.

E Grammar course | Present | Pronouns | Do it yourself


Completa los espacios vacíos con el pronombre reflexivo.

Do it yourself

In the morning, I make a cup of coffee.

Hi Peter! Hi Charles! Come in, make at home.

He's a real handy man. He does everything .

We enjoy every time we go there. It's fun!

She has a look at in the mirror every five minutes.

It is very difficult but they do all the work .

Reflexive pronouns - Los pronombresreflexivos

myself mí (mismo)yourself ti (mismo)himself él (mismo)herself ella (misma)itself sí (mismo)ourselves nosotros (mismos)yourselves vosotros (mismos)themselves ellos, ellas (mismos)

Do it yourself

In the morning, I make myself a cup of coffee.

Hi Peter! Hi Charles! Come in, make yourselves at home.

He's a real handy man. He does everything himself .

We enjoy ourselves every time we go there. It's fun!

She has a look at herself in the mirror every five minutes.

It is very difficult but they do all the work themselves .

E Grammar course | Present | Simple/continuous | Jane and Thomas


Completa las frases con los verbos 'finish', 'get', 'have', 'listen', 'play', 'read', 'speak', 'take', 'understand', 'watch', 'work'.

Jane and Thomas

Jane Spanish, French and Russian andGerman and Italian.

I only English.

Thomas up at eight, dressed,breakfast and the subway to work.

I only up at ten o'clock.

He work at six o'clock but sometimeshe home later.I only five hours a day.

Jane a lot, but she also to music,television and the piano.

I only TV.

The simple present - El presente simple

La forma es igual para todas las personas, ex-cepto para la 3ª persona singular (he, she, it, thetable, etc.) a la que se añade una-s.

I lookyou lookhe lookswe lookyou lookthey look

Algunos verbos también añaden una-e delantede la -s en la 3ª persona singular (p. ej., 'do' y'go'). En el caso de los verbos 'catch', 'finish''wash', 'watch' se añade esta terminación porrazones fonéticas.Los verbos que terminan en -y adoptan la termi-nación -ies en la 3ª pers. sing., pero nunca si la-y va precedida de una vocal.Ej.: I try, he tries Pero: I play, heplays

Jane and Thomas

Jane speaks Spanish, French and Russian andunderstands German and Italian.I only speak English.

Thomas gets up at eight, gets dressed,has breakfast and takes the subway to work.I only get up at ten o'clock.

He finishes work at six o'clock but sometimeshe goes home later.I only work five hours a day.

Jane reads a lot, but she also listens to music,watches television and plays the piano.I only watch TV.

E Grammar course | Present | Simple/continuous | Gail's weekend


Completa los espacios con las palabras que aparecen abajo.

Gail's weekend

On Saturdays, Gail jogging and then breakfastat around ten thirty.She usually some bread and fresh milk on the way if there

no milk left in the fridge.During breakfast, she the New York Times or the Herald Tribuneand her friend Susan.They often in the afternoon or to the movie theaterin the evening.On Saturdays, Gail as much as possible, but alsoto get some work done to prepare for the coming week.

relaxes reads

buysmeet

calls

goes

go istries

has

The present - El presente

La 3ª persona del singular termina en-s. En los verbos que terminan enconsonante y en -y, la -s se transformaen -ies .

Algunos verbos también tienen una-edelante de la-s por razones fonéticas,como todos los terminados en-o.

Gail's weekend

On Saturdays, Gail goes jogging and then has breakfastat around ten thirty.She usually buys some bread and fresh milk on the way if there

is no milk left in the fridge.During breakfast, she reads the New York Times or the Herald Tribuneand calls her friend Susan.They often meet in the afternoon or go to the movie theaterin the evening.On Saturdays, Gail relaxes as much as possible, but also triesto get some work done to prepare for the coming week.

E Grammar course | Present | Simple/continuous | Sylvia is complaining about the service


Forma el presente continuo de los verbos entre paréntesis.

Sylvia is complaining about the service

I a letter to George. (write)

Oliver a cup of coffee. (drink)

You a text into French. (translate)

Sylvia about the service. (complain)

Fred and Ralf television. (watch)

Present continuous - El presentecontinuo

Elpresente describe o expresa un estadoo una acción habitual y, por eso, a vecesse combina con adverbios como 'always','sometimes', 'often', etc.Ej.: I always get up at nine.

(Siempre me levanto a las nueve.)

En cambio, el presente continuo describeuna acción en proceso de realización. Seconstruye con el presente del verbo 'tobe' y el verbo principal al que se añade laterminación-ing. Si el infinitivo del verbotermina en -e , esta desaparece al añadir-ing.Ej.: She is giving, I ammaking.

Sylvia is complaining about the service

I am writing a letter to George. (write)

Oliver is drinking a cup of coffee. (drink)

You are translating a text into French. (translate)

Sylvia is complaining about the service. (complain)

Fred and Ralf are watching television. (watch)

E Grammar course | Present | Simple/continuous | Anne and Kevin


¿Cuál es la frase correcta? Márcala.

Anne and Kevin

ShirleyShirley eating a piece of cake.Shirley is eating a piece of cake.

Anne and KevinAnne and Kevin are sleeping.Anne and Kevin sleeping.

PatrickPatrick running to catch the train.Patrick's running to catch the train.

Michael and IWe having a drink and playing chess.We are having a drink and playing chess.

Present continuous - El presente continuo

Presente de 'to be' + verbo + -ing:I am lookingyou are lookinghe is lookingwe are lookingyou are lookingthey are looking

Los verbos, cuyo infinitivo termine en -e, lapierden.Ej.: to writ e writ ing

Los verbos cortos terminados en consonante, laduplican.Ej.: to swi m swi mming

to begin beginning

Anne and Kevin

ShirleyShirley eating a piece of cake.Shirley is eating a piece of cake.

Anne and KevinAnne and Kevin are sleeping.Anne and Kevin sleeping.

PatrickPatrick running to catch the train.Patrick's running to catch the train.

Michael and IWe having a drink and playing chess.We are having a drink and playing chess.

E Grammar course | Present | Simple/continuous | What's happening?


Escribe los verbos entre paréntesis en presente o en presente continuo.

What's happening?

Every day, Mrs Leal work at nine o'clock. (start)Be quiet! I to concentrate. (try)He always the cleaning but sometimes

to do the bathroom. (do, forget)Where's Tom? He for Isabelle at the station. (wait)I at home because it . (stay, rain)Gerald normally TV in the evening. (watch)He never his unhappiness or nervousness. (show)They a new shopping malloutside town at the moment. (build)

Present simple - El presente simple

Elpresente simple (present simple) describe unestado, una acción habitual o una verdadgeneral.La forma continua del presente describe unaacción en proceso de realización.

What's happening?

Every day, Mrs Leal starts work at nine o'clock. (start)Be quiet! I am trying to concentrate. (try)He always does the cleaning but sometimesforgets to do the bathroom. (do, forget)Where's Tom? He is waiting for Isabelle at the station. (wait)I am staying at home because it is raining . (stay, rain)Gerald normally watches TV in the evening. (watch)He never shows his unhappiness or nervousness. (show)They are building a new shopping malloutside town at the moment. (build)

E Grammar course | Present | Simple/continuous | Chaos


Completa los espacios correctamente.

Chaos

James up the apartment at the moment.He to find his passport to go on vacation.He for his car keys.Whenever he something, heme to help him to find it.He to be neat, but it's impossible.I him out now, but Imy patience.This every time we on vacation.This chaos to drive me crazy.

is trying

loses

go

is cleaningasks

happens tries's also looking

am helping

am losing

is starting

Chaos

James is cleaning up the apartment at the moment.He is trying to find his passport to go on vacation.He's also looking for his car keys.Whenever he loses something, he asksme to help him to find it.He tries to be neat, but it's impossible.I am helping him out now, but I am losingmy patience.This happens every time we go on vacation.This chaos is starting to drive me crazy.

E Grammar course | Present | Questions/negations | Sorry?


Escribe estas frases en la forma interrogativa.

Sorry?

You are hungry.?

He goes to work every day.?

Paul is laughing.?

Ellen reads a lot.?

Christine does that all the time.?

Questions - Preguntas

Para formular la interrogación y la negación se utilizala misma construcción. 'Be' y el verbo auxiliar seniegan con la partícula 'not' y los demás verbos seniegan con 'do' y 'not'.

El verbo auxiliar se coloca al principio de la oración,delante delsujeto.

Se debe conjugar el auxiliar'do' al principio de lainterrogación cuidando la concordancia en número ypersona con el sujeto.

Sorry?

You are hungry.Are you hungry ?He goes to work every day.Does he go to work every day ?Paul is laughing.Is Paul laughing ?Ellen reads a lot.Does Ellen read a lot ?Christine does that all the time.Does Christine do that all the time ?

E Grammar course | Present | Questions/negations | What do they do?


Forma preguntas con 'do'.

What do they do?

you/read/'The New York Times'Do you read 'The New York Times'?

you/often/go rollerbladingrollerblading?

he/have/a vana van?

she/like/chocolatechocolate?

they/ever/spend/their vacation/in Floridatheir vacation in Florida?

we/take the train or the busthe train or the bus?

Questions with 'do' - Preguntas con 'do'

Do I drink coffee?Do you drink coffee?Does he drink coffee?Do we drink coffee?Do you drink coffee?Do they drink coffee?

What do they do?

you/read/'The New York Times'Do you read 'The New York Times'?

you/often/go rollerbladingDo you often go rollerblading?he/have/a vanDoes he have a van?she/like/chocolateDoes she like chocolate?they/ever/spend/their vacation/in FloridaDo they ever spend their vacation in Florida?we/take the train or the busDo we take the train or the bus?

E Grammar course | Present | Questions/negations | What? Why? Where?


Completa las frases. Oriéntate con el ejemplo.

What? Why? Where?

Why do they go to the store downtown every day? (they, go)

What at the moment? (you, do)How 'reconciliation' in Spanish? (you, say)Where from? He's from Texas. He's American. (he, come)When in California? (it, rain)Who so much noise? (make)How much ? (this, cost)Why money? (you, change)

Questions - Preguntas

El pronombre interrogativo sesitúa al principio de la oración.

El verbo auxiliar precede siempreal sujeto.

What? Why? Where?

Why do they go to the store downtown every day? (they, go)

What are you doing at the moment? (you, do)How do you say 'reconciliation' in Spanish? (you, say)Where does he come from? He's from Texas. He's American. (he, come)When does it rain in California? (it, rain)Who is making so much noise? (make)How much does this cost ? (this, cost)Why are you changing money? (you, change)

E Grammar course | Present | Questions/negations | Order


Ordena las siguientes palabras.

Order

todayhavingarelunch?youWheredoWhattodrinkyou?wantisClaratalkingtoatthemoment?Who?yougettingCanadaHowtoare

Word order - El orden de palabras

El orden normal de la oración en inglés es:Sujeto, verbo, complemento directo o indirecto,complemento cincunstancial (CC) de lugar, CCde tiempo (S V CD CI CC Lugar Tiempo).

En las interrogaciones, el orden normal de laoración es: pronombre interrogativo, verboauxiliar, sujeto, verbo principal, CD, CI, CC delugar, CC de tiempo.

Order

Whereareyouhavinglunchtoday?Whatdoyouwanttodrink?WhoisClaratalkingtoatthemoment?HowareyougettingtoCanada?

E Grammar course | Present | Questions/negations | No!


Escribe las siguientes frases en la forma negativa empleando 'not'.

No!

He is happy.He is not happy.

She is working..

Mary understands Italian..

You are hungry..

I like beer..

It matters..

Bill takes the train..

Negation - La negación

Cuando se quiere negar elverbo 'to be', basta con añadir lapartícula 'not'. También existenformas contraídas ('he isn't' o'he's not'). Estas formas son válidas para el verbo 'to be' tantocuando actúa como verbo principal como de auxiliar, porejemplo, en laforma continua.

La negación se construye con el verbo auxiliar 'to do'conjugado, es decir, se conjuga el presente del verbo 'to do' yse añade el infinitivo del verbo principal a continuación.Ej.: you know you do not know / you don'tknow

he knows he does not know / he doesn'tknow

El verbo 'to do' ya está conjugado(¡-es!), por lo que no esnecesario conjugar también el verbo principal.

No!

He is happy.He is not happy.

She is working.She is not working .Mary understands Italian.Mary does not understand Italian .You are hungry.You are not hungry .I like beer.I do not like beer .It matters.It does not matter .Bill takes the train.Bill does not take the train .

E Grammar course | Present | Questions/negations | You aren't what you say you are


Escribe las siguientes frases en la forma negativa utilizando la forma abreviada.

You aren't what you say you are

I'm German. We're here on vacation.German. here on vacation.

The weather's very nice. She's a very good student.very nice. a very good student.

They're from New York. You're a bad cook.from New York. a bad cook.

The verb 'be', short forms, negation -El verbo 'be', formas contraídas,negación

I'm notyou're not you aren'the's not he isn'twe 're not we aren'tyou're not you aren'tthey're not they aren't

Como se puede observar, todas laspersonas, excepto la primera singular,presentan formas contraídas.

You aren't what you say you are

I'm German. We're here on vacation.I'm not German. We're not here on vacation.

The weather's very nice. She's a very good student.The weather's not very nice. She's not a very good student.

They're from New York. You're a bad cook.They're not from New York. You're not a bad cook.

E Grammar course | Present | Questions/negations | I like coffee, but I don't like tea


Pon las siguientes oraciones en la forma negativa empleando 'do'.

I like coffee, but I don't like tea

n We work very long days.We very long days.

n I play baseball in my spare time.I baseball in my spare time.

n You bake very tasty cookies.You very tasty cookies.

n She listens to hip-hop and jazz.She to hip-hop and jazz.

n They drive to California every year.They to California every year.

The negation of 'do' - La negación de 'do'

I don't like football.you don't like football.she doesn't like football.we don't like football.you don't like football.they don't like football.

Atención con la -es de la tercera persona del singular.El verbo principal aparece siempre en infinitivo.

I like coffee, but I don't like tea

n We work very long days.We don't work very long days.

n I play baseball in my spare time.I don't play baseball in my spare time.

n You bake very tasty cookies.You don't bake very tasty cookies.

n She listens to hip-hop and jazz.She doesn't listen to hip-hop and jazz.

n They drive to California every year.They don't drive to California every year.

E Grammar course | Future | Will, going to | I call my parents every weekend


Pon las siguientes frases en futuro.

I call my parents every weekend

I call my parents every weekend.I will call my parents every weekend.

Joanne learns these things quickly..

They turn the lights off in the evening..

It changes the whole situation..

The train arrives at quarter after ten..

The future - El futuro

El futuro se construye con 'will' y el infinitivo y se formaigual para todas las personas:I will give we willgiveyou will give you willgive

I call my parents every weekend

I call my parents every weekend.I will call my parents every weekend.

Joanne learns these things quickly.Joanne will learn these things quickly .They turn the lights off in the evening.They will turn the lights off in the evening .It changes the whole situation.It will change the whole situation .The train arrives at quarter after ten.The train will arrive at quarter after ten .

E Grammar course | Future | Will, going to | What does the future hold?


Escribe las siguientes frases en futuro utilizando la forma 'going to'.

What does the future hold?

I will call you tonight..

She will carry all the bags..

We will pretend to be interested..

They will consider other possibilities..

Graham will continue this next week..


El futuro también puede construirse con elpresentedel verbo 'be' + 'going to' +infinitivo. En este caso, lafórmula compuesta por 'going to' no expresa elsignificado de 'ir'.

I amgoing to learnyou are going tolearnhe, she is going to learnwe are going tolearnyou are going tolearnthey are going tolearn

What does the future hold?

I will call you tonight.I am going to call you tonight .She will carry all the bags.She is going to carry all the bags .We will pretend to be interested.We are going to pretend to be interested .They will consider other possibilities.They are going to consider other possibilities .Graham will continue this next week.Graham is going to continue this next week .

E Grammar course | Future | Will, going to | Tell me everything



Tell me everything

amgoingto trytoeverything. I organizeletteristoexplaineverythinggoing. Thedothat,it's. Don'tgoingtodestroyeverything

Tell me everything

I amgoingto trytoorganizeeverything.Theletterisgoingtoexplaineverything.Don'tdothat,it'sgoingtodestroyeverything.

E Grammar course | Future | Will, going to | Where there's a will, there's a way


Completa los espacios con 'will' o la forma correcta de 'be going to'.

Where there's a will, there's a way

'There's a draft in this room.''I shut the window.'

'Why do you have those old clothes on?''I paint the bathroom.'

'What are you doing tonight?''I called Meg up. I have dinner with her.'

'Ouch. I've just cut my finger.''I get you a band-aid.'

'll 'm going to'll 'm going to

The future: 'will' and 'be going to' com-pared - El futuro: comparación entre 'will' y'be going to'

'Will' se utiliza cuando se trata de una acciónfutura que se acaba de decidir en el momentode hablar, de forma espontánea. Por ello sueleaparecer con expresiones como 'I think'.Ej.: 'What are you doing tonight?'

'I don't know. Maybe I'll watch TV.'(¿Qué haces esta noche? No lo sé,quizá vea la televisión.)

'Be going to' se utiliza cuando se ha pensado enla acción futura antes de hablar.Ej.: I'm going to look for a new job.

(Voy a buscar un trabajo nuevo.)

Where there's a will, there's a way

'There's a draft in this room.''I 'll shut the window.'

'Why do you have those old clothes on?''I'm going to paint the bathroom.'

'What are you doing tonight?''I called Meg up. I'm going to have dinner with her.'

'Ouch. I've just cut my finger.''I 'll get you a band-aid.'

E Grammar course | Future | Will, going to | Willy-nilly


Relaciona cada proposición con su situación correspondiente.

Willy-nilly

There's a draft in this room. Don't worry,

I forgot my money. Don't worry,

My car won't start. Don't worry,

It's dark in here. Don't worry,

The power's out. Don't worry,

I'll turn on a light.I'll lend you some.I'll lend you mine.

I'll close the window. I'll get the candles.

Offers with 'will' - Proposiciones con 'will'

'Will' se emplea a menudo para realizar una proposiciónde forma espontánea. En este caso se usa solo laforma contraída '-'ll'.Ej.: 'This bag is heavy!'

'Give it to me. I'll carry it for you.'(Esta bolsa pesa mucho. Dámela. Te la llevo.)

Willy-nilly

There's a draft in this room. Don't worry, I'll close the window.

I forgot my money. Don't worry, I'll lend you some.

My car won't start. Don't worry, I'll lend you mine.

It's dark in here. Don't worry, I'll turn on a light.

The power's out. Don't worry, I'll get the candles.

E Grammar course | Future | Will, going to | A hard rain's gonna fall


Relaciona las oraciones.

A hard rain's gonna fall

Look at those clouds.See how that couple is hugging each other.Watch out for that guy on rollerblades!Your ice cream is running down the side of your cone.That car's in the left lane and a truck's coming!There's a bubble in your bike tire.

He's going to run into you.It's going to drip.It's going to rain.They're going to crash!It's going to burst.They're going to kiss.

Future in the present with 'be going to' - El futurocon 'be going to'

A veces, la forma 'going to' no expresa una intención,sino que describe una situación que va a tener lugarcon toda probabilidad:Ej.: He's got twenty bullet holes in him.

He's going to die.(Le han disparado veinte balazos. Se va a morir.)

A hard rain's gonna fall

Look at those clouds.See how that couple is hugging each other.Watch out for that guy on rollerblades!Your ice cream is running down the side of your cone.That car's in the left lane and a truck's coming!There's a bubble in your bike tire.

It's going to rain.They're going to kiss.He's going to run into you.It's going to drip.They're going to crash!It's going to burst.

E Grammar course | Future | Will, going to | Back to the future


Relaciona las dos partes de la frase según corresponda.

Back to the future

There's a lot to see in Chicago so I willAlf is ambitious so he'sDiana doesn't know the way exactly, so she'llI hate repeating things fifty times, so I'm justI don't know if we still have milk, so I'll just

going to work hard for his degree.stay here another week.have a look in the fridge.rely on her sense of direction.going to write it down for you.

Back to the future

There's a lot to see in Chicago so I willAlf is ambitious so he'sDiana doesn't know the way exactly, so she'llI hate repeating things fifty times, so I'm justI don't know if we still have milk, so I'll just

stay here another week.going to work hard for his degree.rely on her sense of direction.going to write it down for you.have a look in the fridge.

E Grammar course | Future | Will, going to | Tomorrow is another day


Marca la continuación correcta de la frase.

Tomorrow is another day

Tomorrow, we ...... are going take a different route.... are going to take a different route.... will taking a different route.

Tomorrow, Henry ...... will borrow my car.... will going to borrow my car.... going to borrow my car.

Tomorrow, ...... he'll suggests another solution.... he'll going to suggest another solution.... he's going to suggest another solution.

Tomorrow, ...... I going to wear my new dress.... I will wear my new dress.... I am going wear my new dress.

Tomorrow is another day

Tomorrow, we ...... are going take a different route.... are going to take a different route.... will taking a different route.

Tomorrow, Henry ...... will borrow my car.... will going to borrow my car.... going to borrow my car.

Tomorrow, ...... he'll suggests another solution.... he'll going to suggest another solution.... he's going to suggest another solution.

Tomorrow, ...... I going to wear my new dress.... I will wear my new dress.... I am going wear my new dress.

E Grammar course | Future | Will, going to | Shake it all about



Shake it all about

weWhenaretogoinginLos Angeles?arriveI Whenseeagainwill?youmetonow?WhogoinghelpiswillforWhatmy?theybuybirthdayistheraceswimmingtowin?Whogoing

Questions in the future - Preguntas en el futuro

El orden de la oración interrogativa en futuro es el siguiente:

Utilización de la forma de futuro'will':Pronombre interrogativo+will + sujeto + verboWhat will you do?

Utilización con la forma de futuro 'going to':Pronombre interrogativo +am / are / is + sujeto + going to + verboWhere are you going to go?

Shake it all about

WhenarewegoingtoarriveinLos Angeles?WhenwillI seeyouagain?Whoisgoingtohelpmenow?Whatwilltheybuyformybirthday?Whoisgoingtowintheswimmingrace?

E Grammar course | Future | Will, going to | I won't, I won't, I won't!


Completa las frases con la forma negativa adecuada.

I won't, I won't, I won't!

going to tell you again, just listen!I'm sorry, I pretend I like this. I think it's awful!He going to follow your orders just like that.Patricia home until Tuesday.

allow you to enter the buildingwithout written permission.You're sorry and he'll forgive you, but going to forget it.They going to demolish the building because it costs money.

won'tThey won't isn'tI'm not won't flyhe's not

aren't

Negation - La negación

En el futuro, la negación se construyecon la partícula negativa 'not':Ej.: I will not go home.

I am not going to go home.

La contracción de 'will not' es 'won't'.Ej.: I won't go home.

La contracción del futuro con 'going to'se construye como la contracción de'to be':Ej.: I'm not going to go home.

You are not (aren't) going to...

I won't, I won't, I won't!

I'm not going to tell you again, just listen!I'm sorry, I won't pretend I like this. I think it's awful!He isn't going to follow your orders just like that.Patricia won't fly home until Tuesday.They won't allow you to enter the buildingwithout written permission.You're sorry and he'll forgive you, but he's not going to forget it.They aren't going to demolish the building because it costs money.

E Grammar course | Future | Other future forms | Plans



Plans

We will arrange a date and then visit them.Richard and Abraham persuade you to go onvacation with them.

renovate my house when I have the timeand the money.

sell their condominium and move to Mexico.We produce new models next month.

willThey'll we'll I shallshall


Para la 1ªpersona del singular y plural ('I' y 'we') se puedeutilizar 'shall' en lugar de 'will' (también existe para las demáspersonas, en especial para la 3ª persona del singular, pero solose utiliza por escrito en contratos y leyes).I shall give we shallgiveyou will give you willgivehe will give they willgiveLa contracción de 'will' y 'shall' es 'll'.

Plans

We will arrange a date and then we'll visit them.Richard and Abraham will persuade you to go onvacation with them.I shall renovate my house when I have the timeand the money.They'll sell their condominium and move to Mexico.We shall produce new models next month.

E Grammar course | Future | Other future forms | What are you doing tomorrow?


Completa las frases con el presente continuo.

What are you doing tomorrow?

First at the office, but only till twelve.There's a meeting at ten. the plans for the new project.Then lunch with Mary.Oliver me in the afternoon.He's flying into town. I think at four o'clock.We to the restaurant and the opera in the evening.He loves classical music.

are going

We're discussing

he's arriving is visiting

I'm having

I'm working


La forma continua del presente tambiénse utiliza para expresar el futuro. Sinembargo, esta forma solo puedeutilizarse cuando la acción ya está pla-neada o concertada y tendrá lugar enun futuro próximo.

What are you doing tomorrow?

First I'm working at the office, but only till twelve.There's a meeting at ten. We're discussing the plans for the new project.Then I'm having lunch with Mary.Oliver is visiting me in the afternoon.He's flying into town. I think he's arriving at four o'clock.We are going to the restaurant and the opera in the evening.He loves classical music.

E Grammar course | Future | Other future forms | Traveling in time


Completa las siguientes frases con el presente de los verbos entre paréntesis.

Traveling in time

My train at six twenty-three. (leave)The plane to Miami in half an hour. (leave)Philip and Murry at JFK airport tonight. (arrive)Our plane at eight fifty. (depart)We in Sydney in the late morning. (land)


A veces también se utiliza la formasimple del presente para expresarel futuro, aunque normalmente solose emplea para horarios de mediosde transporte, etc.

Traveling in time

My train leaves at six twenty-three. (leave)The plane to Miami leaves in half an hour. (leave)Philip and Murry arrive at JFK airport tonight. (arrive)Our plane departs at eight fifty. (depart)We land in Sydney in the late morning. (land)

E Grammar course | Future | Other future forms | All in the family


Pon los verbos en el futuro perfecto.

All in the family

The Fitzgerald family will have done a lot by this time next year ...

Young Kevin Fitzgerald high school. (to finish)He a lot about his future. (to think)Kevin's mother, Ann, her sixth child. (to have)Sinead, the youngest, school. (to start)Eamonn, the father of the family, a multi-millionaire. (to become)He won't need to work anymore so he . (to retire)The family a house in the Bahamas. (to buy)

Future perfect - El futuro perfecto

El futuro perfecto se emplea para expresar una acción completada en el futuro.El futuro perfecto se forma con 'will' + 'have' + participio pasado.Ej.: By the time you have read this letter, I will have left for Casablanca.

(Cuando hayas leído esta carta, ya habré salido para Casablanca.)

All in the family

The Fitzgerald family will have done a lot by this time next year ...

Young Kevin Fitzgerald will have finished high school. (to finish)He will have thought a lot about his future. (to think)Kevin's mother, Ann, will have had her sixth child. (to have)Sinead, the youngest, will have started school. (to start)Eamonn, the father of the family, will have become a multi-millionaire. (to become)He won't need to work anymore so he will have retired . (to retire)The family will have bought a house in the Bahamas. (to buy)

E Grammar course | Future | Other future forms | The future looks rosy


Completa las frases.

The future looks rosy

You want to do it all alone, but tomorrow be askingme for help.This time next Monday, be flying to Denver.There's no need to talk about this now, we discussingthis at the next meeting anyway.You'll catch me at home at eight. I'll probably dinnerwhen you phone.So I'll you in Seattle on Saturday, is that right?

I willbe seeingbe cooking you'llshall be


Otra posibilidad para expresar el futuroes la forma continua, que se construyecon 'will be' + verbo + -ing.

Esta forma es igual para todas laspersonas. Para 'I' y 'we' se puede utilizar'shall be' en lugar de 'will be'.

The future looks rosy

You want to do it all alone, but tomorrow you'll be askingme for help.This time next Monday, I will be flying to Denver.There's no need to talk about this now, we shall be discussingthis at the next meeting anyway.You'll catch me at home at eight. I'll probably be cooking dinnerwhen you phone.So I'll be seeing you in Seattle on Saturday, is that right?

E Grammar course | Future | Other future forms | A day in the life


Conjuga los verbos entre paréntesis en la forma correcta del futuro.

A day in the life

Sarah and Andrew are married. Here's a typical day for them:Sarah and Andrew get up at 7:00 a.m. Andrew goes to work at 9:00 a.m.Sarah's mother visits her at 10:00 a.m. At 12:00, Sarah and a friend have lunchtogether. Andrew has his lunch in the company cafeteria. Sarah goes home at5:00 p.m. Andrew comes home at 6:00 p.m. Sarah and Andrew have dinner from6:00 to 7:00 p.m. Sarah and Andrew watch a movie from 7 until bedtime.

What will they be doing at the following times?6:00 a.m. They . (sleep)7:30 a.m. They . (get up)9:30 a.m. Andrew . (go to work)10:00 a.m. Sarah's mother . (arrive)1:00 p.m. Everyone . (have lunch)5:30 p.m. Sarah . (go home)6:30 p.m. Andrew and Sarah . (have dinner)

Future continuous - Laforma continua del futuro

Con 'will be doing' se expresaque en un determinadomomento del futuro la acciónque se manifiesta continuaráen proceso de realización.Ej.:Please don't call at 7:00 p.m.I'll be putting the baby tobed.(Por favor, no me llames a las19.00. Estaré acostando alniño.)

A day in the life

Sarah and Andrew are married. Here's a typical day for them:Sarah and Andrew get up at 7:00 a.m. Andrew goes to work at 9:00 a.m.Sarah's mother visits her at 10:00 a.m. At 12:00, Sarah and a friend have lunchtogether. Andrew has his lunch in the company cafeteria. Sarah goes home at5:00 p.m. Andrew comes home at 6:00 p.m. Sarah and Andrew have dinner from6:00 to 7:00 p.m. Sarah and Andrew watch a movie from 7 until bedtime.

What will they be doing at the following times?6:00 a.m. They will be sleeping . (sleep)7:30 a.m. They will have gotten up . (get up)9:30 a.m. Andrew will have gone to work . (go to work)10:00 a.m. Sarah's mother will be arriving . (arrive)1:00 p.m. Everyone will have had lunch . (have lunch)5:30 p.m. Sarah will have gone home . (go home)6:30 p.m. Andrew and Sarah will be having dinner . (have dinner)

E Grammar course | Future | Other future forms | Later, not now


Marca con una cruz las oraciones correctas.

Later, not now

William is going to wrap up all the presents.William's going wrap up all the presents.

Rachel is going arrive in Philadelphia at two o'clock.Rachel arrives in Philadelphia at two o'clock.

They going to increase the level of production.They'll increase the level of production.

I'm translating this book next month.I'm going translate this book next month.

You will repair the machine today.You will be repair the machine today.

Later, not now

William is going to wrap up all the presents.William's going wrap up all the presents.

Rachel is going arrive in Philadelphia at two o'clock.Rachel arrives in Philadelphia at two o'clock.

They going to increase the level of production.They'll increase the level of production.

I'm translating this book next month.I'm going translate this book next month.

You will repair the machine today.You will be repair the machine today.

E Grammar course | Future | Other future forms | Future



Future

. Theytoaregoinglawsuitdropthetonot. goingisMasonlettersanswerRobertthewon'taskyoustupidquestions. Harrietachieve. goalstrywilltoMaxallhispolicehopenotcasewillabandonisThetheuntil. alllostbetterwon'tmakecompanyoffer. aherThe

Future

Theyaregoingtodropthelawsuit.RobertMasonisnotgoingtoanswertheletters.Harrietwon'taskyoustupidquestions.Maxwilltrytoachieveallhisgoals.Thepolicewillnotabandonthecaseuntilallhopeislost.Thecompanywon'tmakeherabetteroffer.

E Grammar course | Future | If sentence 1 | Possibilities



Possibilities

If I have enough time,If they decide to change the program,If Clare practices hard,If we leave at nine thirty,If you continue to make so much noise,If I go to the street market,If they try to sell me rotten apples again,

we will get there before dark.I will come and see you.I will buy apples and oranges.I will get very annoyed.I will complain.she will win the competition.I will throw you out.

If clauses - Las oraciones condi-cionales con 'if'.

Tipo 1:If + present, + future.Ej.: If she shouts at me, I will cry.

(Si me grita, lloraré.)

'Will' nunca aparece en la oracióncondicional con 'if', sino un presentesimple. En la oración principal aparecela forma de futuro con 'will'.Alterar el orden de las oraciones esposible, aunque no es necesarioponer una coma delante de 'if':Ej.: I will cry if she shouts.

(Lloraré si grita.)

Possibilities

If I have enough time,If they decide to change the program,If Clare practices hard,If we leave at nine thirty,If you continue to make so much noise,If I go to the street market,If they try to sell me rotten apples again,

I will come and see you.I will get very annoyed.she will win the competition.we will get there before dark.I will throw you out.I will buy apples and oranges.I will complain.

E Grammar course | Future | If sentence 1 | Hollywood stars


Escribe estas frases poniendo ambas partes de cada frase en la forma negativa.

Hollywood stars

If you go to Hollywood, you will see all the stars..

If an actor is very popular, he will earn a lot of money..

If you watch these movies ten times, you'll know every line by heart..

Hollywood stars

If you go to Hollywood, you will see all the stars.If you don't go to Hollywood, you won't see all the stars .If an actor is very popular, he will earn a lot of money.If an actor isn't very popular, he won't earn a lot of money .If you watch these movies ten times, you'll know every line by heart.If you do not watch these movies ten times, you will not know every line by heart.

E Grammar course | Future | If sentence 1 | What will you do for me if I ...?


¿Cómo termina la oración? Marca la respuesta correcta con una cruz.

What will you do for me if I ...?

I will gladly help you ...... if you will tell me what you want.... if you tell me what you want.... if you tells me what you want.

Monique will explain it clearly ...... if she has the time.... if she'll have the time.... if she will have time.

What will you do for me if ...... I'll do all the difficult and boring work for you?... I am doing all the difficult and boring work for you?... I do all the difficult and boring work for you?

Will you give me a kiss ...... if I drive you to the airport?... if I'm driving you to the airport?... if I will drive you to the airport?

What will you do for me if I ...?

I will gladly help you ...... if you will tell me what you want.... if you tell me what you want.... if you tells me what you want.

Monique will explain it clearly ...... if she has the time.... if she'll have the time.... if she will have time.

What will you do for me if ...... I'll do all the difficult and boring work for you?... I am doing all the difficult and boring work for you?... I do all the difficult and boring work for you?

Will you give me a kiss ...... if I drive you to the airport?... if I'm driving you to the airport?... if I will drive you to the airport?

E Grammar course | Future | If sentence 1 | Stopgap



Stopgap

Winston will purchase a villa near the beach in Floridahe wins a fortune, but if he doesn't,

he will continue to the saxophone.

If Alan joins him and the double bass,they probably start a band.

But even if they at jazz concerts,will still enjoy playing in the street together

and will enough to live off.

play

don't performif

will theyearn

plays

Stopgap

Winston will purchase a villa near the beach in Floridaif he wins a fortune, but if he doesn't,

he will continue to play the saxophone.

If Alan joins him and plays the double bass,they will probably start a band.

But even if they don't perform at jazz concerts,they will still enjoy playing in the street together

and will earn enough to live off.

E Grammar course | Future | If sentence 1 | If I were a rich man


Completa los espacios con 'if', 'whenever' o 'when'.

If I were a rich man

you bring a cake, I'll make some coffee.The pool party will be postponed it rains.

you get home, could you give me a call?I don't like it people smoke.He has a cup of coffee he starts work.What will you do you win the lottery?What will you do summer comes?

when When whenif when ifIf

'If' and 'when' compared - 'If' y 'when'

La diferencia entre 'if' y 'when' en inglés equi-vale en español a 'si' y 'cuando'. 'If' se empleacuando no es seguro que vaya a suceder laacción:Ej.: If it rains, you'll get wet.

(Si llueve, te mojarás.)

'When' se emplea cuando estamos seguros deque la acción va a tener lugar:Ej.: When the sun goes down, we'll leave.

(Nos iremos cuando se ponga el sol)

If I were a rich man

If you bring a cake, I'll make some coffee.The pool party will be postponed if it rains.When you get home, could you give me a call?I don't like it when people smoke.He has a cup of coffee when he starts work.What will you do if you win the lottery?What will you do when summer comes?

E Grammar course | Adjectives | Comparatives | As high as the sky


Forma el comparativo según el ejemplo.

As high as the sky

Alex is impatient. My sister is impatient.Alex is as impatient as my sister.

This tower is high. The other tower is high..

He is sly. A fox is sly..

Patrick drives fast. Thomas drives fast..

Comparatives - Las oraciones comparativas

La construcción 'tan + adjetivo + como' se expresaen inglés con 'as'+ adjetivo + 'as'.

'No tan + adjetivo + como' corresponde en inglés a'not as' + adjetivo + 'as'.Ej.: ...no tan guapa como... se dice:

...not as pretty as...

As high as the sky

Alex is impatient. My sister is impatient.Alex is as impatient as my sister.

This tower is high. The other tower is high.This tower is as high as the other tower .

He is sly. A fox is sly.He is as sly as a fox .

Patrick drives fast. Thomas drives fast.Patrick drives as fast as Thomas .

E Grammar course | Adjectives | Comparatives | Jogging


Escribe frases sobre Mary y Pauline, como en el ejemplo.

Jogging

(long)Pauline's legs are longer than Mary's.

(fast)Mary runs Pauline.

(late)Pauline normally goes jogging Mary.

(safe)Jogging in this neighborhood is downtown.

(clean, fresh)And the air is much and .

Comparatives - Adjetivos comparativos

Para construir el comparativo de superioridadhay que añadir -er al adjetivo. 'Lento' es'slow', 'más lento que' es 'slower than'.Cuando el adjetivo termina en-e, solo hay queañadir una -r: 'nice' - 'nicer'.

Jogging

(long)Pauline's legs are longer than Mary's.

(fast)Mary runs faster than Pauline.

(late)Pauline normally goes jogging later than Mary.

(safe)Jogging in this neighborhood is safer than downtown.

(clean, fresh)And the air is much cleaner and fresher .

E Grammar course | Adjectives | Comparatives | Beyond compare


Completa los espacios formando el comparativo de los adjetivos.

Beyond compare

This is very good, but this is much .Our table is pretty big, but try to find a table which isa bit than the one we have now.Geraldine is quite friendly, but Mark is than her.It's not only bad. This is than I thought!What are we going to do?Mary is very skinny. She exercises a lot andis than Pauline.Although Mary is healthy, Pauline eats food.

Comparatives - El comparativo

La comparación de los adjetivos monosílabos se realiza añadiendo-er .Los adjetivos de sonido breve duplican la consonante y los que acabanen consonante + -y toman la terminación-ier:Ej.: big - bigger

heavy - heavier

La comparación de los adjetivos trisílabos se forma con ayuda de 'more':Ej.: difficult - more difficult

En el caso de los adjetivos bisílabos, hay que aprender la maneracorrecta de formar la comparación.

Beyond compare

This is very good, but this is much better .Our table is pretty big, but try to find a table which isa bit bigger than the one we have now.Geraldine is quite friendly, but Mark is friendlier than her.It's not only bad. This is worse than I thought!What are we going to do?Mary is very skinny. She exercises a lot andis skinnier than Pauline.Although Mary is healthy, Pauline eats healthier food.

E Grammar course | Adjectives | Comparatives | Reaching for the sky


Completa los espacios formando el comparativo de los adjetivos.

Reaching for the sky

beautiful · green · famous · elegant · old · interesting · significant

The Statue of Liberty is than any other statue I know.It is also and than all the others.In my view, it is than most other statues.Of course, there are some statues in the world.But perhaps it is andbecause it represents hope and freedom for those arriving in America.

Comparatives - Adjetivos comparativos

Los adjetivos con tres o más sílabas o de etimología latina utilizan'more' para construir el comparativo.Ej.: interesting - more interesting

Atención: Los adjetivos bisílabos pueden construir el comparativo yel superlativo con -er y -est , o con 'more' y 'most' respectivamente.De todos modos, es preciso saber construir ambas formas.

Reaching for the sky

beautiful · green · famous · elegant · old · interesting · significant

The Statue of Liberty is more beautiful than any other statue I know.It is also greener and more famous than all the others.In my view, it is more elegant than most other statues.Of course, there are some older statues in the world.But perhaps it is more interesting and more significantbecause it represents hope and freedom for those arriving in America.

E Grammar course | Adjectives | Comparatives | Less is more


Elige el adjetivo adecuado para cada espacio.

Less is more

Albert is learning to windsurf so he is less than Craig.He is also less about it than Craig.Albert's surfboard and sail are less than Craig's,which is pink and yellow.Craig is less than Albert, who is nice and brown now.

experiencedsuntanned colorful enthusiastic

Comparatives - Adjetivoscomparativos

'Menos... que' se expresa eninglés con 'less... than'. Estafórmula es válida para adjeti-vos cuyo comparativo seconstruye con 'more'.

Para los adjetivos monosílabosse suele utilizar 'not as... as'.

Less is more

Albert is learning to windsurf so he is less experienced than Craig.He is also less enthusiastic about it than Craig.Albert's surfboard and sail are less colorful than Craig's,which is pink and yellow.Craig is less suntanned than Albert, who is nice and brown now.

E Grammar course | Adjectives | Comparatives | Now and then


Completa los espacios con 'than' o 'then'.

Now and then

He's bigger me.First they tore down the houses. they built a skyscraper.I'd rather be in Iowa here.I want to be a millionaire by the time I'm forty. – youhave to work hard.More anything else, I want to marry you.How often do you come here? – Now and .

'Than' and 'then' - 'Than' y 'then'

No hay que confundir 'than' con 'then'. 'Than' se emplea en la oracióncomparativa y 'then' implica una relación temporal y se puede traducirpor 'entonces' y 'después'.Ej.: He's bigger than me. (Es más grande que yo.)pero: I cleaned the kitchen and then I washed the car.

(Limpié la cocina y después lavé el coche.)

'I love to cook!' (¡Me encanta cocinar!)'Then you have to have a bigger kitchen.'

(Entonces deberías tener una cocina más grande.)

Now and then

He's bigger than me.First they tore down the houses. Then they built a skyscraper.I'd rather be in Iowa than here.I want to be a millionaire by the time I'm forty. – Then youhave to work hard.More than anything else, I want to marry you.How often do you come here? – Now and then .

E Grammar course | Adjectives | Superlatives | I want the best!


Completa los espacios con el superlativo adecuado.

I want the best!

The largest is also the . The fastest is also the .

The tallest is also the building.

The broadest is also the .

The exercise is also the simplest.

The most astounding is also the most and the .

The calmest is also the most and the most .

most high

biggest more peacefulmost surprising

easiest peaceful

amazing

quickest

most widest highest

tranquil

widest

easier

Superlatives - Adjetivos su-perlativos

Los adjetivos monosílabos cons-truyen el superlativo añadiendo laterminación-est :Ej.: small - smaller -smallest

Los adjetivos con tres o más síla-bas lo forman con 'most':Ej.: difficult - more difficult -mostdifficult

I want the best!

The largest is also the biggest . The fastest is also the quickest .

The tallest is also the highest building.

The broadest is also the widest .

The easiest exercise is also the simplest.

The most astounding is also the most amazing and the most surprising .

The calmest is also the most peaceful and the most tranquil .

most high

more peaceful

most widest

easier

E Grammar course | Adjectives | Superlatives | The ... the


Completa las frases con el comparativo de los siguientes adjetivos.

The ... the

The more you practice, the your chancesof winning the competition. (great)The the party, the . (big, good)The the person, the I am to avoid him. (smelly, happy)The more I see her, the more I think she is. (wonderful)

The... the

'Cuanto más... más' se expresaen inglés con 'the... the'.Ej.:The richer you are, the

happier you are.

Cuando el adjetivo está detrásdel sujeto y del verbo, hay queutilizar 'the more'.Ej.:The more you exercise,

the better you feel.

The ... the

The more you practice, the greater your chancesof winning the competition. (great)The bigger the party, the better . (big, good)The smellier the person, the happier I am to avoid him. (smelly, happy)The more I see her, the more wonderful I think she is. (wonderful)

E Grammar course | Adjectives | Superlatives | Taxi!



Taxi!

The faster the taxi driver drives, the sooner youThe more coffee the taxi driver drinks, the moreThe further you go by taxi, theThe rainier and darker the evening is, the more pleasantThe more you travel around by taxi, the

and comfortable the taxi trip is.more expensive the trip is.arrive at your destination.poorer you get.nervous he is when he drives.

Taxi!

The faster the taxi driver drives, the sooner youThe more coffee the taxi driver drinks, the moreThe further you go by taxi, theThe rainier and darker the evening is, the more pleasantThe more you travel around by taxi, the

arrive at your destination.nervous he is when he drives.more expensive the trip is.and comfortable the taxi trip is.poorer you get.

E Grammar course | Adjectives | Superlatives | Flowers


¿Cómo termina la oración? Marca la respuesta correcta con una cruz.

Flowers

It's not only the smallest flower ...... it's also the delicate.... it's also the as delicate.... it's also the most delicate.

It's the bloom with ...... the deepest shade of red.... the most deep shade of red.... the most deepest shade of red.

I think this horrible weed here ...... is the most toughest to get rid of.... is the toughest to get rid of.... is the most tough to get rid of.

Flowers

It's not only the smallest flower ...... it's also the delicate.... it's also the as delicate.... it's also the most delicate.

It's the bloom with ...... the deepest shade of red.... the most deep shade of red.... the most deepest shade of red.

I think this horrible weed here ...... is the most toughest to get rid of.... is the toughest to get rid of.... is the most tough to get rid of.

E Grammar course | Adjectives | Adverbs | Well, well, well


Completa los espacios con el adverbio derivado de cada uno de los adjetivos entre paréntesis.

Well, well, well

He doesn't have a slow car. He just drives very . (slow)

Don't you like them? I think they're painted. (beautiful)

He'll work to pass the exams. (hard)

He's not very famous but he's certainly quite -knownin this district. (good)

He can help you carry it. He's a tall -built guy. (good)

They're in love and married. (happy)

Adverbs - Los adverbios

Los adverbios describen el modo en que serealiza una acción. Se forman añadiendo-ly aun adjetivo.Cuando el adjetivo termina enconsonante + -y,esta se convierte en -i (excepto en los adjetivosmonosílabos). Si termina en-c se le añade -ally.

La terminación-le desaparece cuando va pre-cedida de una consonante y permanece cuandova precedida de una vocal.

Well, well, well

He doesn't have a slow car. He just drives very slowly . (slow)

Don't you like them? I think they're beautifully painted. (beautiful)

He'll work hard to pass the exams. (hard)

He's not very famous but he's certainly quite well -knownin this district. (good)

He can help you carry it. He's a tall well -built guy. (good)

They're in love and happily married. (happy)

E Grammar course | Adjectives | Adverbs | Well done! Keep going!



Well done! Keep going!

This is very complex.We will plan it and organize it careful.We will plan it and organize it carefully.We will plan it and organize it more careful.

Mike is a professor at Berkeley.He speaks extremely eloquent.He speaks extreme eloquently.He speaks extremely eloquently.

It's a good book.It's interesting and well written.It's interestingly and good written.It's interesting and good written.

They seem boring and gray and drab.But their apartment is surprisingly inviting and colorfully.But their apartment is surprisingly inviting and colorful.But their apartment is surprising inviting and colorful.

Well done! Keep going!

This is very complex.We will plan it and organize it careful.We will plan it and organize it carefully.We will plan it and organize it more careful.

Mike is a professor at Berkeley.He speaks extremely eloquent.He speaks extreme eloquently.He speaks extremely eloquently.

It's a good book.It's interesting and well written.It's interestingly and good written.It's interesting and good written.

They seem boring and gray and drab.But their apartment is surprisingly inviting and colorfully.But their apartment is surprisingly inviting and colorful.But their apartment is surprising inviting and colorful.

E Grammar course | Adjectives | Adverbs | Madly, truly


Elige el adverbio adecuado para cada espacio.

Madly, truly

We ask him to come along every time, but he doesn't likegoing dancing.

they don't need to use their car now. We'll keep it another week., Adam isn't playing on the team this weekend.

She drives me home, but not today. She's angry with me.

normally Luckilyobviously Unfortunately

Adverbs - Los adverbios

Algunos adverbios califican atoda la oración.

Ej. fortunately, generally,normally, obviously,unfortunately, luckily,usually

Madly, truly

We ask him to come along every time, but he obviously doesn't likegoing dancing.

Luckily they don't need to use their car now. We'll keep it another week.Unfortunately, Adam isn't playing on the team this weekend.She normally drives me home, but not today. She's angry with me.

E Grammar course | Adjectives | Adverbs | The Burtons



The Burtons

She's a very woman with a -looking husband., they live in an exclusive apartment with largefurnished rooms and two beautiful cats.

They go to the most extravagant parties with famous people.Of course, the food and drinks are laid out, and there's always champagne.At home, , they have all the modern gadgets and all they need if theydon't feel like going out.They never let anyone who is not or well-dressed into their home.

, they're not my friends and I don't like them at all.

fortunately

attractive

well-

usuallygoodUnderstandably

well-offattractively

Naturally

The Burtons

She's a very attractive woman with a good -looking husband.Naturally , they live in an exclusive apartment with large

well- furnished rooms and two beautiful cats.They usually go to the most extravagant parties with famous people.Of course, the food and drinks are attractively laid out, and there's always champagne.At home, fortunately , they have all the modern gadgets and all they need if theydon't feel like going out.They never let anyone who is not well-off or well-dressed into their home.Understandably, they're not my friends and I don't like them at all.

E Grammar course | Prepositions | At, in, to | Where?


Rellena los espacios con la preposición que corresponda. Elige entre 'in', 'on' y 'at'.

Where?

I'm going to see my brother now. I'm meeting him the station.There's always so much activity, so muchhustle and bustle the airport.Where's Doris? Don't tell me she's still bed!Where is everyone? Kate is church, Lindais work and Gabriel is the art exhibition.How many people are there going to be the wedding?You look a bit ill. I think you'd better stay home today.Okay, there isn't that much to do the office the moment.

Prepositions - Las preposiciones

No existen reglas exactas que determinenla utilización de laspreposiciones, aunquesí tendencias generales. Algunas son:

to indica direcciónat indica tiempo, altura, edad,

velocidad, temperatura,distancia, lugar (casi siempreun gran edificio o una institución)

in en un país, una ciudad, enpequeños objetos, un bolsillo,un cajón, una cama, unahabitación, un frigorífico

on en, sobre

Where?

I'm going to see my brother now. I'm meeting him at the station.There's always so much activity, so muchhustle and bustle at the airport.Where's Doris? Don't tell me she's still in bed!Where is everyone? Kate is at church, Lindais at work and Gabriel is at the art exhibition.How many people are there going to be at the wedding?You look a bit ill. I think you'd better stay at home today.Okay, there isn't that much to do at the office at the moment.

E Grammar course | Prepositions | At, in, to | You'll get there in the end


¿Cuál es la frase correcta? Márcala.

You'll get there in the end

They are showing a great movie ...... at the movie theater.... in the movie theater.... on the movie theater.... to the movie theater.

What are you doing tonight?I'm going at the restaurant.I'm going in the restaurant.I'm going to the restaurant.

Instead of borrowing money from me all the time, ...... go in the bank and get some.... go to the bank and get some.... go on the bank and get some.

You'll get there in the end

They are showing a great movie ...... at the movie theater.... in the movie theater.... on the movie theater.... to the movie theater.

What are you doing tonight?I'm going at the restaurant.I'm going in the restaurant.I'm going to the restaurant.

Instead of borrowing money from me all the time, ...... go in the bank and get some.... go to the bank and get some.... go on the bank and get some.

E Grammar course | Prepositions | At, in, to | Time is on our side


Completa estas frases con la preposición que corresponda.

Time is on our side

last! My bus is coming.I'll only visit the museum the last day.The concert starts seven o'clock.When is my appointment?It is Tuesday.I always feel very tired the evening.I'm not telling you what it is.You'll get your present Christmas Day.It's eleven o'clock the morning.I'm a bit pressed for time the moment.

Prepositions - Preposiciones

En general:at para las horason para los díasin para la mañana y la tarde

Time is on our side

At last! My bus is coming.I'll only visit the museum on the last day.The concert starts at seven o'clock.When is my appointment?It is on Tuesday.I always feel very tired in the evening.I'm not telling you what it is.You'll get your present on Christmas Day.It's eleven o'clock in the morning.I'm a bit pressed for time at the moment.

E Grammar course | Prepositions | At, in, to | Find your way



Find your way

We're flying on a height of 10,000 ft.We're flying at a height of 10,000 ft.

He's always punctual. He's always on time.He's always punctual. He's always in time.

Do this in a different way.Do this on a different way.

Water boils at one hundred degrees centigrade.Water boils to one hundred degrees centigrade.

Is he coming? - Yes, he's in the way.Is he coming? - Yes, he's on the way.

Don't stand here! You're always on the way.Don't stand here! You're always in the way.

He gets home just in time to listen to the news.He gets home just on time to listen to the news.

Find your way

We're flying on a height of 10,000 ft.We're flying at a height of 10,000 ft.

He's always punctual. He's always on time.He's always punctual. He's always in time.

Do this in a different way.Do this on a different way.

Water boils at one hundred degrees centigrade.Water boils to one hundred degrees centigrade.

Is he coming? - Yes, he's in the way.Is he coming? - Yes, he's on the way.

Don't stand here! You're always on the way.Don't stand here! You're always in the way.

He gets home just in time to listen to the news.He gets home just on time to listen to the news.

E Grammar course | Prepositions | At, in, to | On cloud nine, in seventh heaven


Relaciona lo que se corresponde.

On cloud nine, in seventh heaven

Are you religious?What an incredible storm! Thank GodAre you going to the beach?I prefer her to shout at meIt's terrible! There has been anWe have a solution to every problem andShe's pretty good at playing tennisIf you're interested in art, we'll send you an

It depends on the weather.Yes, I believe in God.increase in criminal activity.invitation to the exhibition.but terrible at windsurfing.there's no damage to the house.than to laugh at me.an answer to all your questions.

On cloud nine, in seventh heaven

Are you religious?What an incredible storm! Thank GodAre you going to the beach?I prefer her to shout at meIt's terrible! There has been anWe have a solution to every problem andShe's pretty good at playing tennisIf you're interested in art, we'll send you an

Yes, I believe in God.there's no damage to the house.It depends on the weather.than to laugh at me.increase in criminal activity.an answer to all your questions.but terrible at windsurfing.invitation to the exhibition.

E Grammar course | Prepositions | At, in, to | On the grapevine



On the grapevine

picking. wineThere's anmakingonand grapeinterestingTV aboutdocumentaryseeanwineWe'llproductioninthisyear. increaseverygoodwinesfromthecomeofCaliforniaSome. vineyardsmyopinion,. isexcellentthisChardonnayanIn

On the grapevine

There's aninterestingdocumentaryonTV aboutwinemakingand grapepicking.We'llseeanincreaseinwineproductionthisyear.SomeverygoodwinescomefromthevineyardsofCalifornia.Inmyopinion,thisisanexcellentChardonnay.

E Grammar course | Prepositions | For, from, of | I feel sorry for you


Completa los espacios con las preposiciones adecuadas.

I feel sorry for you

I'm tired repeating the same things all the time. Just listen.I am Spanish. I come Madrid, but I'm French origin.This book is you. It's Charles.The cat is sitting on the roof the house.This box is full old clothes.He is totally incapable hurting people's feelings.


Las preposiciones van situadas a menudodetrás de determinados verbos, sustan-tivos o adjetivos. En estos casos, nodebemos intentar traducirlas de formaliteral. Hay que aprendérserlas, sin más.

fromfrom next door (de al lado)from my friend (de mi amigo)

ofof gold (de oro)of the city (de la ciudad)

forfor 2 weeks (en 2 semanas)for you (para ti)

I feel sorry for you

I'm tired of repeating the same things all the time. Just listen.I am Spanish. I come from Madrid, but I'm of French origin.This book is for you. It's from Charles.The cat is sitting on the roof of the house.This box is full of old clothes.He is totally incapable of hurting people's feelings.

E Grammar course | Prepositions | For, from, of | What a surprise


Completa la frase con la preposición que creas correcta.

What a surprise

Go and see Bill, he has a surprise you.

I don't know if I'm going. It depends the weather.

We will soon find a solution the problem.

I'm not interested your silly stories.

Here's a letter Chris in Boston.

He types an amazing speed.

Buy some fruit and ten pounds potatoes.

what age will you retire?

my opinion, surprises are good for relationships.

onin fromto forAt Inat of

What a surprise

Go and see Bill, he has a surprise for you.

I don't know if I'm going. It depends on the weather.

We will soon find a solution to the problem.

I'm not interested in your silly stories.

Here's a letter from Chris in Boston.

He types at an amazing speed.

Buy some fruit and ten pounds of potatoes.

At what age will you retire?

In my opinion, surprises are good for relationships.

E Grammar course | Prepositions | For, from, of | Crocodile tears


Vuelve a escribir estas expresiones según el ejemplo.

Crocodile tears

the bear's pawthe paw of the bear

the crocodile's teeth

the lion's mane

the giraffe's neck

the horse's mouth

the dog's tail


'Of' equivale a 'de' e indica el poseedorde una cosa.

Crocodile tears

the bear's pawthe paw of the bear

the crocodile's teeththe teeth of the crocodilethe lion's manethe mane of the lionthe giraffe's neckthe neck of the giraffethe horse's mouththe mouth of the horsethe dog's tailthe tail of the dog

E Grammar course | Prepositions | For, from, of | Forever



Forever

They're so slow! At this rate, I reckon you'll be waiting hereMark is in our company now. He's responsibleYou suggest somewhere to goThe water is calm and nice and warm. I'm goingIt's such a nice day! I want to goWhat are we going to haveThank you for all the brochures. That's enoughCan you please wait

for customer service.for a meal.for now.for a moment?for a long time.for a walk.for dinner?for a swim.

Forever

They're so slow! At this rate, I reckon you'll be waiting hereMark is in our company now. He's responsibleYou suggest somewhere to goThe water is calm and nice and warm. I'm goingIt's such a nice day! I want to goWhat are we going to haveThank you for all the brochures. That's enoughCan you please wait

for a long time.for customer service.for a meal.for a swim.for a walk.for dinner?for now.for a moment?

E Grammar course | Prepositions | By car, bus, train | By the by


Marca la frase correcta.

By the by

He works by a very famous company.He works for a very famous company.

She hung on by the skin of her teeth.She hung on with the skin of her teeth.

He doesn't do it in mistake.He doesn't do it by mistake.

She'll wait by five o'clock, and then she'll leave.She'll wait until five o'clock, and then she'll leave.

Pay this bill until September 18.Pay this bill by September 18.

The preposition 'by' - La preposición 'by'

Esta preposición se corresponde con frecuen-cia con la preposición 'por', aunque a vecesequivale a 'junto a'.Ej.: He's standing by the window.

'Hasta', 'hasta más tarde': by tomorrow(Cuando la actividad tiene una duracióndeterminada se utiliza 'until'.)

'de': a painting by Dalí'en', 'mediante': by train'al' by doing thisotros casos: by change, mistake,accident

By the by

He works by a very famous company.He works for a very famous company.

She hung on by the skin of her teeth.She hung on with the skin of her teeth.

He doesn't do it in mistake.He doesn't do it by mistake.

She'll wait by five o'clock, and then she'll leave.She'll wait until five o'clock, and then she'll leave.

Pay this bill until September 18.Pay this bill by September 18.

E Grammar course | Prepositions | By car, bus, train | How will they do it?


Completa los espacios con los verbos entre paréntesis como en el ejemplo.

How will they do it?

How will she find city hall? (ask, read)She'll find it by asking the way or by reading the road signs.

How will she find out the price of the dress? (check)all the March and April bills.

How will he get the necessary permission? (pretend)he's a doctor.

How will you manage to finish the work? (stare)You won't finish it out of the window.

How will you pass the exam? (study)until I know the information inside out.

How will they do it?

How will she find city hall? (ask, read)She'll find it by asking the way or by reading the road signs.

How will she find out the price of the dress? (check)By checking all the March and April bills.

How will he get the necessary permission? (pretend)By pretending he's a doctor.

How will you manage to finish the work? (stare)You won't finish it by staring out of the window.

How will you pass the exam? (study)By studying until I know the information inside out.

E Grammar course | Prepositions | By car, bus, train | Gulliver's travels



Gulliver's travels

He's going to go to Washington train.You'll probably meet him the train again.He says it's good because he can sleep the taxi.Don't worry about ordering a taxi or going subway.Why don't you go my car?You're flying to Boston but coming back car. Is that right?


'Ir en coche','en tren', etc. se expresaen inglés con 'go by car / train / bus /subway' y no con 'with the train', sinembargo, 'a pie' se dice 'on foot'.En lugar de 'go by car' se puede decir'drive', ya que se da por sentado quees en automóvil. También se dice 'takethe train / bus' y 'ride a bike'.Cuando hay alguna otra palabra entreuna preposición y un sustantivo, lapreposición no es 'by' sino:on the train, the subway, thebus,

the ship, the bike, the planein the car, the taxi

Gulliver's travels

He's going to go to Washington by train.You'll probably meet him on the train again.He says it's good because he can sleep in the taxi.Don't worry about ordering a taxi or going by subway.Why don't you go in my car?You're flying to Boston but coming back by car. Is that right?

E Grammar course | Prepositions | By car, bus, train | Jet setter, high flier



Jet setter, high flier

. goesto workSheoftenby cartalksherto. friendon the trainShealwaystakesShethe. sometimessubwaytravelsmorninginby bus. theSheoftenfliesto Vancouver. She. Shecan'tsleepon planeson weekends. toby planeSheDenvergoesshe. On Saturdays,herbikecyclesaround on

Jet setter, high flier

Sheoftengoesto workby car.Shealwaystalkstoherfriendon the train.Shesometimestakesthesubway.Shetravelsby businthemorning.Sheoftenfliesto Vancouver.Shecan'tsleepon planes.Shegoesby planetoDenveron weekends.On Saturdays,shecyclesaround onherbike.

E Grammar course | Prepositions | By car, bus, train | Transportation



Transportation

the morning there are always so many people the subway.Saturday, you can go exhibition and then have coffee your friends.

And if you want, you can bring them to the party evening and go home a taxi.I know you don't have a car the moment, but you can get around quite easily

subway.Or perhaps someone can take you home car.

course, that's always much nicer and cheaper.

atto theon byIn within the Onin Of in his

Transportation

In the morning there are always so many people on the subway.On Saturday, you can go to the exhibition and then have coffee with your friends.

And if you want, you can bring them to the party in the evening and go home in a taxi.I know you don't have a car at the moment, but you can get around quite easily

by subway.Or perhaps someone can take you home in his car.

Of course, that's always much nicer and cheaper.

E Grammar course | Prepositions | By car, bus, train | Jumping on the train


Completa estas frases con el verbo 'get' y la preposición adecuada.

Jumping on the train

She always just has time to the train before it leaves.Every time he the taxi, he starts to talk to the driver for ages.He always the bus and then asks where it is going to.I always look to see if there's a puddle or mud on the ground whenI the car.We're waiting in the car so stop standing around doing nothing. !I want to be there at the station to meet her when she the train.


Se dice 'get on a train (bus, bike, plane)'pero 'get in' o 'into a car, taxi'.

Lo opuesto es 'get off the train (bus,bike, plane)' pero 'get out of the car,taxi'.

Jumping on the train

She always just has time to get on the train before it leaves.Every time he gets in the taxi, he starts to talk to the driver for ages.He always gets on the bus and then asks where it is going to.I always look to see if there's a puddle or mud on the ground whenI get out of the car.We're waiting in the car so stop standing around doing nothing. Get in !I want to be there at the station to meet her when she gets off the train.

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