grafoil® flexible graphite -...

GRAFOIL®

FLEXIBLE GRAPHITE

APPLICATION: GRAFOIL® Flexible Graphite is unaffected by heat over a wide range of temperatures. It exhibits low electrical resistiviity and high thermal conductivity and is suitable for cryogenic temperatures. This product is suitable for applications in the automotive, refining and petrochemical plant processes.

COMPOSITION: GRAFOIL® Flexible Graphite is available in several styles. These include homogeneous sheet and laminated styles with various types of core materials.

AVAILABLE STYLES:

GH™B Standard industrial grade sheet containing no binders or resins. Used in industrial applications such as oil refineries, power plants and chemical process plants.

GH™R Standard industrial grade sheet laminated with an adhesive bond on both sides of a .002" thick 316 stainless steel foil insert. Used where high performance and handleability are important.

GH™E Standard industrial grade sheet mechanically bonded on both sides of a .004" thick 316 stainless steel metal tang core. Used where stresses and pressures are high and improved handleability is important.

SERVICE RANGE:

Temperature Range: 1200°F (650°C) Steam Oxidizing: -450 to 850°F (-260 to 450°C) Non-Oxidizing: -450 to 5,400°F (-260 to 3,000°C) Pressure, max: 3,000 psi (20.7 MPa) Fluid Resistance - pH Range: 0 to 14 at room temperature

*For applications above Class 300, consult your representative.

7635 RONSON ROAD • SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA 92111 • TEL: 858-278-3270 • FAX: 858-278-2950 E-MAIL: [email protected] • VISIT US AT: www.sandiegoseal.com • TOLL FREE: 800-661-7325

AVAILIBLE IN:

• REDUCED AREA FULL FACE (RAFF)

• NAVY DRILL 150# and 250#

• COMMERCIAL DRILL • STANDARD FULL FACE • RING • CUSTOM CUT • 30” X 30” SHEETS • 60” X 60” SHEETS • 1/32”, 1/16” AND 1/8”

REDUCED AREA FULL FACE GASKET (RAFF)

PER NAVY ADVISORY ADVISORY NR. 011-04, MIL-G-24696 GASKET

MATERIAL R031917Z JAN 05

DESIGNED FOR FLAT FACE

FLANGES

DEVELOPS 25% HIGHER GASKET STRESS

BLADE CUT FABRICATION

GRAPHITE SHEET GASKET MATERIAL


CFG (CORRA-SEAL®) GASKETS

CFG (Corrugated Flexible Graphite) Gaskets

CFG corrugated 316 stainless steel metal core gaskets with flexible graphite sealing surface will maintain a tight seal in a wide range of initial seating stress. This makes it the universal replacement for spiral wound, double jacketed and traditional flexible graphite gaskets. It is suitable for virtually all applications.

• CFG Advantages: • FIRE SAFE - Passed the modified API 607 Fire

Test • Superior emissions control - DIN 3535 gas

permeability / leakage < 0.01 cc/min. • Seals imperfect flanges • Seats on a variety of surface finishes • Easy & safe to handle • Blow out resistant • High spring back • No inward buckling • One thickness for all applications

SPECIFICATIONS: Temperature, Min: -328°F (-200°C) Temperature, Max: In Air +850°F (450°C) In Steam +1200°F (650°C) pH Range: 0-14

GASKET FACTORS Gb psi (MPa) a Gs psi (MPa)

557 (3.8) 0.325 2.21 (0.02)

ASTM SPECIFICATION: F104: F868:

F517000-B1M3 9FMF2


PYRO-TEX WOVEN SHEET

A RESILIENT, COMPRESSED SHEET…THAT WORKS!

Ready to be cut for use in severe conditions.

Services:

• High temperatures (up to 1800 deg F/1000 deg C) • High pressures (up to 4500 psi/310 bar) • High equipment wear (scratches/pores)

Reinforced with Flat Metal Leaf Springs(a) of stainless steel, encapsulated in a thick vermiculated graphite foil jacket (b). These metal reinforced graphite strands, Slade’s weaving yarns, are woven into a tough, resilient cloth-like sheet (c).

The flat metal leaf springs at the core of each strand crisscross each other throughout the cloth to impart an enduring resiliency.

The woven sheets are compressed to increase density to form a leak tight gasket sheet.

7635 RONSON ROAD • SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA 92111 • TEL: 858-278-3270 • FAX: 858-278-2950

E-MAIL: [email protected] • VISIT US AT: www.sandiegoseal.com

PYRO-TEX WOVEN SHEET

Advantages

• Flat metallic leaf springs, jacketed

with graphite foil, make this 80” x 80” sheet the most resilient gasket you will need.

• It takes physical abuse like no other graphite foil, handling and feeling like tough leather.

• The metallic spring strands are woven across one another to actuate the gasket through each thermal cycle continually adjusting to expansion and contraction that leaves other compressed gasketing lifeless (d).

• Pyro-Tex gasket sheet replaces spiral wound gaskets, removing the spiral leak path and eliminating the need for a compressing ring to prevent crushing.

• Pyro-Tex gasket sheet puts flanges back in compliance by filling scratches, pores, and steam cuts with flexible graphite.

• Each sheet is packed in heavy-duty tubes to eliminate shipping palettes and enable easy storage and handling.

Gasket Types

• Ring and Full Face • Manhole and Handhole • Diesel Exhaust Flange • Manifold • Combustion Engine Head • Turbine Crossover • Pressure Vessel • Heat Exchanger • Nuclear Service

Gasket Standard Sizes: Gasket Special Sizes: 80” x 80” 60” x 60” 3/32” (nominal) 80” x any length

SAN DIEGO SEAL, INC. 7635 RONSON ROAD • SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA 92111 TEL: 858-278-3270 • FAX: 858-278-2950 E-MAIL: [email protected] • VISIT US AT: www.sandiegoseal.com

A RESILIENT, COMPRESSED SHEET…THAT WORKS!

Ready to be cut for use in severe conditions.

Services:

• High temperatures (up to 1800 deg F/1000 deg C) • High pressures (up to 4500 psi/310 bar) • High equipment wear (scratches/pores)

Reinforced with Flat Metal Leaf Springs(a) of stainless steel, encapsulated in a thick vermiculated graphite foil jacket (b). These metal reinforced graphite strands, Slade’s weaving yarns, are woven into a tough, resilient cloth-like sheet (c).

The flat metal leaf springs at the core of each strand crisscross each other throughout the cloth to impart an enduring resiliency.

The woven sheets are compressed to increase density to form a leak tight gasket sheet.

7635 RONSON ROAD • SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA 92111 • TEL: 858-278-3270 • FAX: 858-278-2950 E-MAIL: [email protected] • VISIT US AT: www.sandiegoseal.com

SAN DIEGO SEAL, INC. 7635 RONSON ROAD • SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA 92111 TEL: 858-278-3270 • FAX: 858-278-2950 E-MAIL: [email protected] • VISIT US AT: www.sandiegoseal.com

PO Box 94637, Cleveland, OH 44101-4637Phone: (800) 253-8003 • Fax: (216) 529-3888

www.graftechaet.com • Email: [email protected]

This information is not to be taken as warranty or representation for whichGrafTech International Ltd. assumes legal responsibility nor as permissionor recommendation to practice any patented invention without licenses.

It is offered solely for our consideration and verification.

GRAFOIL, SuperGTO, GTA, GTB, GTJ, GTK, GHA, GHB, GHE, GHO, GHP,GHW, GHN, GRAFKOTE, GHR, GHT, GHL, GTF, GTH, GHV, GTZ,

Ribbon-Pack, GTC, GHH, GHJ, UCAR 323, EXPANDOGRAF, are trademarks of Advanced Energy Technology Inc.

QualityCurrently registered to QS-9000:1998 & ISO 9002:1994

© Advanced Energy Technology Inc. 2004 REV: GT-1205

Properties English MetricDensity (ASTM F-1315) 70 lb/ft3 1.12 g/ccLeachable Chloride Content-

Industrial Grades <20 ppmPremium (Nuclear) Grades <10 ppm

Sulfur Content –Industrial Grades 550 ppmPremium (Nuclear) Grades 450 ppm

Carbon Content – Industrial Grades 98%Premium (Nuclear) Grades 99.9%

Compressibility (ASTM F-36) 43%Recovery (ASTM F-36) 15%Creep Relaxation (ASTM F-38) <5%Sealability (ASTM F-37) 0.017 fluid 0.5 ml/hr

ounces/hr.

TYPICAL GRAFOIL SHEET PROPERTIES

TYPICAL MATERIAL PROPERTIES

TYPICAL PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

TYPICAL THERMAL PROPERTIES

Sheet Thickness: 0.005" to 0.060" in 0.005" incrementsWidth: 24", 39.4”, 60”, or custom slit to your requirementsLength: 50’, 100’, 108’, 250’, 300’, 500’, 1000’, 2000’, 3000’, 4000’

Laminate Thickness: 1/32", 1/16", 1/8"Length x Width: 24" x 24" 610 mm x 610 mm

39.4" x 39.4" 1000 mm x 1000 mm60" x 60" 1524 mm x 1524 mm39.4" x 78.8" 1000 mm x 2000 mm

GH™R, GH™E, GH™L, GH™P - 1/32", 1/16" is available in coils39.4" x 100 ft39.4" x 250 ft39.4" x 500 ft

NUCLEAR RADIATION RESISTANCESIZES AVAILABLE

Properties English MetricTensile Strength – (ASTM F-152)Along Length & Width

Industrial Grades 650 psi 4.4 MPaPremium (Nuclear) Grades 1000 psi 6.9 MPa

Coefficient of Friction against Steel@ 4 psi (0.03 MPa) 0.018@ 8 psi (0.06 MPa) 0.052@ 12 psi (0.08 MPa) 0.157

Compressive Strength Through Thickness (ASTM C-695) 35000 psi 240 MPa

Modulus of Elasticity 0.2 x 106 psi 1380 MPa Young’s Compressive Modulus

Through Thickness 27000 psi 186 MPa

Properties English Metric

Functional/Temperature

RangeNeutral or Reducing Atmosphere -400 to 5400ºF -240 to 3000ºCOxidizing Atmosphere

GT™A Grade -400 to 850ºF** -240 to 450ºC**GT™B, GT™K,GT™J Grades -400 to 975ºF** -240 to 525ºC**

Thermal ConductivityAlong Length & Width 960 BTU•in/ft2•h•ºF 140 W/m•KThrough Thickness 36 BTU•in/ft2•h•ºF 5 W/m•K

Thermal Expansion"a" Direction Parallel to Layers70ºF-2000ºF -0.2 x 10-6 in/in•ºF -0.4 x 10-6 m/m•ºC

(21ºC-1094ºC)

2000ºF-4000ºF 0.5 x 10-6 in/in•ºF 0.9 x 10-6 m/m•ºC(1094ºC-2206ºC)

"c" Direction,Through Thickness70ºF-4000º

(21ºC-2206ºC) 15 x 10-6 in/in•ºF 27 x 10-6 m/m•ºC

Specific Heat at 75ºF (24ºC) 0.17 Btu/lb•ºF 711 J/kg•K

Heat Storage in a 0.015" layerat 1000ºF (538ºC) 0.035 Btu/ft2•ºF 0.02 cal/cm2•ºC

Surface Emissivity 0.5 0.5

Sublimation Point(Does not melt) 6000ºF 3300ºC

Thermal Shock Resistance Excellent Excellent** The fluid temperature in an oxidizing atmosphere may considerably exceed the indicatedtemperature without oxidation of the GRAFOIL flexible graphite providing that the bulk tem-perature of the GRAFOIL gasket is below these temperatures or that the fluid being handleddoes not come into direct contact with the graphite. Example: a metal spiral-wound gasketwith a GRAFOIL GT™B filler material. GRAFOIL gaskets may be used at higher temperatureswith non-oxidizing fluids such as steam.

Exposure Levels Results

■ 5.5 X 1021 NVT @ 1000ºC No Apparent Effect1.5 x 109 rads Gamma Radiation

(1.5 x 1011 erg/g) No Apparent Effect

••Source: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (1978)

■ Integrated Neutron Flux:

N = Neutrons/cc V = cm/secT = Seconds( 1 rad = 100 erg/g)

GRAFOIL Gasketing Techniques

GRAFOIL flexible graphite is a resilient form of graphite that has excel-lent properties as a gasketing material. It seals about as readily as rubber,it is chemically compatible with a very wide range of chemicals, it is rec-ommended for temperatures up to 975ºF in oxidizing conditions, and itdoes not creep or harden with age or temperature. GRAFOIL flexiblegraphite can be fabricated into metal core laminates or into spiral woundgaskets for an even wider recommended range of applications. GRAFOILgaskets will seal the maximum pressure specified on properly designed,correctly manufactured and suitably maintained equipment when loadedto the recommended gasket stress.

While being flexible and resilient, GRAFOIL flexible graphite is still allgraphite. It has no resins, binders, filler materials, or other additives thatmight detract from the chemical inertness and temperature resistance ofpure graphite. GRAFOIL gaskets will not cold flow, become brittle, or vulcanize to gasketing surfaces in service. The unique chemical and phys-ical properties of GRAFOIL flexible graphite combine to make it a near-ly universal gasketing material especially suitable to high temperature andcryogenic service and/or corrosive environments.

General Points To Remember When Gasketing With GRAFOIL Flexible Graphite

1. The flange surfaces must be clean, and free of nicks, scratches, burrs,metal filings, scale or other foreign matter.

2. Use proper bolt tightening sequence to insure a uniform load is appliedto the joint (see ASME PCC-1 Bolted Joint Assembly Procedure). The useof a torque wrench or other measurable tightening procedure is advan-tageous to ensure that a uniform tensile stress is applied to each bolt.

3. GRAFOIL GH™E 316 stainless steel tang metal inserted gaskets shouldnot be used between any metal surfaces that are softer than the stainlesssteel (i.e. aluminum, brass, bronze), or between glass or ceramic surfaces.When GRAFOIL GHE gaskets are used, the metal tangs must be com-pressed such that the GRAFOIL facing begins to seal. Due to the minimumseating stress recommended for these gaskets (2500 psi), the metal tangscan make small indentations in the softer metal of the flange face. The tangscan also create stress concentration points on glass or ceramic surfaces.

4. GRAFOIL flexible graphite gaskets must be loaded with a net compres-sive unit load greater than shown in the Unit Load versus Leak PressureCurve, Figure 1.

5.The initial thickness of the GRAFOIL gasket must be such that when itis compressed between two mating surfaces, the GRAFOIL gasket isstrained sufficiently at all points in the joint to seal the maximum servicepressure. If the flange surfaces are scratched, serrated, or warped, the initial gasket thickness must be large enough to completely fill and compensate for the effect of surface defects when the joint is made andthe gasket compressed.

6. The flatness of the flange surfaces is as essential to good gasketing practice as the proper gasket unit load. If for any reason the gasketedsurfaces are not flat while in service, the gasket unit load can be less atsome point or points than the amount required to seal the operating ortest pressures. In general, if when the flange faces are brought together(i.e. just touching and under no bolt load), a 0.001” feeler gage can not beinserted anywhere around the circumference of the joint, then a 1/64”thick GRAFOIL gasket can be used. If this criterion can not be met, thena thicker GRAFOIL gasket will be required.

Important Points Concerning Flange Surface Finish And ‘Standard’ Serrations

Under equivalent compressive unit loads, GRAFOIL gaskets will sealwhere flange surface finishes range from 5 RMS (root mean squared) to500 RMS. Within that range any RMS finish will seal well. As a matter ofpractice, we recommend a 125 to 250 RMS surface finish that complieswith ASME B16.5 requirements.

Flanges ordered with “standard serrations” or a “standard finish” usuallyhave finished surfaces machined in accordance with MSS StandardPractice SP-6 that allows for considerable latitude in surface finish. TheSP-6 Standard refers to AARH finishes or arithmetic average roughness.AARH values are different from RMS values for any given surface. RMSmeasurements are made with a stylus tracer instrument, whereas,AARHfinishes are evaluated by “sight and touch” comparisons with standardspecimens.

The standard serration may be concentric or spiral. If concentric, theremay be up to 32 serrations per inch, and the depth of the serration mayrange from 0.005” to 0.015”. The serration cross section can range froma radiused “u” cut to a “v” cut.

Spiral serrations can range from 20 to 50 per inch in number and from0.001” to 0.006” in depth. Spiral serrations in contrast to concentric serrations, can form a continuous leak path if the gasket material does notdeform and seal all the way to the bottom of the groove. Consequently,

the greater the depth of the spiralserration, the greater the requiredthickness of the GRAFOIL gasket inorder to seal.

Concentric serrations have shown avery slight improvement in helpingGRAFOIL gaskets to seal. Because ofthe highly conformable nature ofGRAFOIL gaskets, they will seal ser-rations more dependably than mostother gasket materials.

All GRAFOILand GHR Gasket

GHE Tang MetalInserted Gaskets

0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000

Gasket Unit Load (psi)

Leak

Pre

ssur

e (p

si)

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

Leak Pressure vs. GRAFOIL Gasket Unit LoadFor All GRAFOIL, GHR and GHE Gaskets 1/32”, 1/16” and 1/8” Thick

Figu

re 1

6 7

GRAFOIL® Grades for Fluid Sealing Applications

GT™A :

GTA premium, high purity flexiblegraphite sheet, typically used for

Nuclear, Semiconductor, or other applications where impurities are notallowed. GTA is typically 99.8% graphite. Its leachable chloride is typicallyless than 15ppm and meets D50YP12 Rev.2. GTA is available in sheets orrolls from 0.005" to 0.040" thick.

GT™J:

GTJ premium sheet flexiblegraphite, based on GTA with corro-sion /oxidation inhibitor added.

GTJ is available from 0.005" to 0.040" thick. It can be laminated to stain-less steel, to plastic, or to itself to form a thick gasket assembly.

GT™B

GTB is inhibited flexible graphitesheet used as a stand alone product

or as the base material to produce the other laminate materials for fluidsealing applications. GTB is homogeneous, all flexible graphite formed tothickness on our rolling line. It is available in sheets and rolls from .005”to .060” thick and 24” wide, meter wide, or 60" wide.

GH™L

GHL is a laminate made by adhe-sively bonding two or more layersof GTB sheet together to therequired thickness.

GH™R

GHR is an adhesively bonded laminate made with GTB facing ona 316/316L stainless steel foil inter-layer that is 0.002” thick.

GH™V

GHV is an adhesively bonded lami-nate made with GTB facing on a316/316L stainless steel interlayerthat is 0.015” thick.

GH™E

GHE is a mechanically bonded lam-inate made with GTB facing on a316/316L stainless steel tang metalinterlayer that is 0.004” thick.

Wire Reinforced (WR)

WR is an adhesively bonded lami-nate made with GTB facing on a316 stainless steel screen interlayer.

GH™T

GHT is an adhesively bonded lami-nate made with GTB facing on a C-276 metal alloy foil interlayer thatis 0.002” thick.

GH™O

GHO is a mechanically bondedlaminate made with GTB facing ona C-276 tang metal alloy interlayerthat is 0.004” thick.

GH™W

GHW is a thermally bonded laminate made with GTB facing on aPTFE impregnated fiberglass clothinterlayer that is 0.0025” thick.

GH™P

GHP is a thermally bonded laminate made with GTB facing ona polymer interlayer that is0.0015” thick.

Double Sided GRAFKOTE®

Double sided GRAFKOTE is a thermally bonded laminate madewith a 0.0005” thick polymer facingtop and bottom of a GTB interlayer

GRAFKOTE®

GRAFKOTE is a thermally bondedlaminate made with a 0.0005” thick polymer top facing on a GTBbottom layer

GT™H:

GTH is GTB Sheet with a PressureSensitive Adhesive (PSA) on a plastic carrrier applied to one

surface. The PSA is covered with a release paper for protection until use.Available in plain or crinkled styles.

GT™F:

GTF is GTA Sheet with a PressureSensitive Adhesive (PSA) layer on onesurface. The PSA is covered with a

release paper for protection until use. Available in plain or crinkled styles.

GT™Z:

GTZ Ribbon-Pack® is GTB flexiblegraphite sheet slit to narrow

widths and crinkled for increased flexibility. Ribbon-Pack can be used tomake formed-in-place or die-molded valve packing rings.

GT™R:

GTR Ribbon-Pack® is GTA flexiblegraphite sheet slit to narrow

widths and crinkled for increased flexibility. Ribbon-Pack can be used tomake formed-in-place or die molded valve packing rings.

UCAR®323 (PTFE with woven fiberglass)

UCAR 323 is a PTFE gasket material with a woven fiberglasscloth reinforcing

GT™A

GT™B

316 Stainless Steel(31655)

Woven Fiberglass Impregnated with PTFE

Polymer

Alloy C276

Low Carbon Steel

Pressure SensitiveAdhesive

Release Paper

Aluminum

GT™C

GT™J

Legend

8 9

GT™C

GTC is a non-inhibited flexible graphite sheet used as astand alone product or as the base material to producethe other laminate materials for internal combustionapplications. GTC is homogeneous, all flexible graphiteformed to thickness on our rolling line. It is available insheets and rolls from 0.005" to 0.060" thick and 24"wide or meter wide.

GH™H

GHH is an adhesively bonded laminate made with GTCfacing on a low carbon steel foil interlayer that is 0.004"thick.

TG-251

TG-251 is an adhesively bonded laminate made withGTC facing on a low carbon steel foil interlayer that is0.0066" thick.

TG-245

TG-245 is an adhesively bonded laminate made with0.003" thick Aluminum foil bonded to the top surface ofGTC.

TG-247

TG-247 is an adhesively bonded laminate made with0.003" thick Aluminum foil bonded to the top and bottom surface of a GTC interlayer.

GH™J

GHJ is a mechanically bonded laminate made with GTCfacing on a low carbon steel tang metal interlayer that is0.0066" thick.

Corrugated Metal Reinforced Gasket(CMRG)

CMRG is a finished gasket shape made by adhesivelybonding GRAFOIL GTB to a concentrically corrugatedmetal interlayer.The interlayer is normally 316 stainlesssteel.

Kammprofile Gaskets

Kammprofile gaskets are a finished gasket shape madeby adhesively bonding GTB facing to the top and bottomof a serrated metal ring. The serrated metal is usually316 stainless steel and may incorporate OD centeringrings

Spiral Wound Gasket (SWG) with inner and outer rings

SWG is a finished gasket shape made by spirally wrap-ping GTB with a thin metal strip to form a sealing ring.The sealing ring is often surrounded by inner and outercentering rings.

GRAFOIL® Grades for Internal Combustion Applications

Finished Gaskets(GrafTech International Ltd. Advanced Energy Technology Inc. supplies facing or filler materials andfinished gaskets are made by our distributors.)

GRAFOIL® Grades GH™R and GH™EBranded Stainless Steel Reinforced Gaskets*

GRAFOIL GHE laminate with 316/316L stainless steel tanged insert(0.004”/0.005” thick). Made from Standard Industrial Grade GT™Bsheet of 98% typical carbon content, less than 50 ppm typical leachable chloride content, and with 550 ppm typical sulfur contentmechanically bonded to a tanged metal insert. Non-fibrous and non-asbestos.

GRAFOIL GHR laminate with flat 316/316L stainless steel insert(0.002” thick). Made from Standard Industrial Grade GTB sheet of98% typical carbon content, less than 50 ppm typical leachable chlo-ride content and with 550 ppm typical sulfur content. “Micro-thin”adhesive bond. Non-fibrous and non-asbestos.

GRAFOIL GHR and GHE

Two proven metal reinforced laminate materials ideal for 95% of allsheet gasket applications.

GRAFOIL flexible graphite laminates GHR and GHE are surface identified.At a glance, you can be certain your gaskets are the original,quality GRAFOIL flexible graphite gaskets.

GRAFOIL Laminate Characteristics

Surface “branded” to prevent substitution of inferior materials.

Meets most refinery, petrochemical and industrial service requirements.

Unsurpassed leaktight sealability over extended periods of time and service temperature.

Permanently resilient, non-hardening, non-aging.

Non-asbestos and non-fibrous.

High temperature creep and blow-out resistant.

Exceeds the most stringent sealability regulations for VOC or hazardous emissions.

Over 5 year shelf life.

Naturally lubricious, requires no flange release agent.

Recommended, but not limited to 150 and 300 class service.For service above 300 class, contact our Sales Office.

Either GHR or GHE can be used in 95-100% of all your sheet gasket applications.

GHE is interchangeable with spiral wound gaskets.

Alloy C276 metal inserts are available for chlorine and chloride service. Refer to grades GH™O and GH™T.

Chemically compatible with a wide range of fluids and gasses.

Fire-Safe!

* Specially designed GRAFOIL flexible graphite metal reinforced gas-ket laminates other than the above can be quoted upon request.

Design Data

Typical Properties

Property English Metric

“m” factor 2 2“y” stress GH™R 900 psi 6 MPa“y” stress GH™E 2500 psi 17 MPa

Note: For non-perfect flanges, multiply calculated clamping force x2.

Gasket Constants Per ASME Appendix BFJ

GHR

Gb 816 psi 5.62 N/mm2

a 0.377 0.377Gs 0.066 psi 4.5x10-4 N/mm2

GHE

Gb 1400 psi 9.65 N/mm2

a 0.324 0.324Gs 0.01 psi 6.9x10-5 N/mm2

Maximum GasketUnit Load 24000 psi 165 MPaFunctional Temperature Range -400ºF to 975ºF -240ºC to 525ºC(in air or oxygen environment)

Note: In a non-oxidizing environment, working temperature could go to 1800ºF (1000ºC).GRAFOIL without the stainless steel can be used to 5,400ºF (3,000ºC). Can also be used attemperatures to1200ºF (650ºC) in steam service.

Because teeth of the tanged metal interlayer may indent metalssofter than 316/316L s.s., Grade GHE gaskets are not normallyrecommended for use with glass, bronze, aluminum or other softmetal flanges.

Installation Tips and Recommendations

Remove all projecting particles, scale, and burrs of the old gasket material from joint surfaces.

Part flanges enough to slide gasket in place, using a few bolts for positioning.

Handle the GRAFOIL gasket with care to avoid damaging the sealing surfaces.

Insert remaining bolts. Draw flanges together evenly. Tighten all nuts with recommended procedure and pressure test system in accordance with engineering standards.

Do not use screwdriver, hammer or other sharp instrument to push the gasket into place.

Wear adequate hand protection to protect against exposed metal edges.

Flange release agents are not required.

Alloy C276 metal inserted GHO (tang) and GHT (foil) are available for chlorine and chloride services.

Property Value

Elevated Temperature Sealability in 580 psig (4.0 MPa) N2 at 750ºF (400ºC) and 4650 psi (32 MPa) clamping force (Modified DIN 3535)

GHR 1.5 ml/min

GHE 3.0 ml/min

Cryogenic Sealability at -220ºF (-140ºC),580 psig (4.0 MPa) N2 and 4650 psi (32 MPa) clamping force. 5 ml/min

Elevated Temperature Creep Relaxation (BSI F-125) 750ºF (400ºC)

GHR 3%

GHE 3%

Carbon Content* 98%

Ash Content (ASTM C561)* 2%

Leachable Chloride (ASTM F1277)* 50 ppm

Sulfur Content (LECO Combustion)* 550 ppm

*Facing material only

Sizes Available

English (inches) Metric (mm)

GHR 24 x 24 610 x 610(width x length) 39.4 x 39.4 1000 x 1000

39.4 x 78.8 1000 x 200060 x 60 1524 x 152439.4 wide coils* 1000 x coils**

GHE 24 x 24 610 x 610(width x length) 39.4 x 39.4 1000 x 1000


Thickness: 1/32, 1/16, 1/8 0.8, 1.6, 3.2*coils available in 1/32” **coils available in 0.8 or 1/16” thickness, or 1.6 mm thickness,length to 500’ length to 160 m

12 13

ESalman

Rectangle

GRAFOIL® Grades GH™R and GH™EBranded Stainless Steel Reinforced Gaskets*

GRAFOIL GHE laminate with 316/316L stainless steel tanged insert(0.004”/0.005” thick). Made from Standard Industrial Grade GT™Bsheet of 98% typical carbon content, less than 50 ppm typical leachable chloride content, and with 550 ppm typical sulfur contentmechanically bonded to a tanged metal insert. Non-fibrous and non-asbestos.

GRAFOIL GHR laminate with flat 316/316L stainless steel insert(0.002” thick). Made from Standard Industrial Grade GTB sheet of98% typical carbon content, less than 50 ppm typical leachable chlo-ride content and with 550 ppm typical sulfur content. “Micro-thin”adhesive bond. Non-fibrous and non-asbestos.

GRAFOIL GHR and GHE

Two proven metal reinforced laminate materials ideal for 95% of allsheet gasket applications.

GRAFOIL flexible graphite laminates GHR and GHE are surface identified.At a glance, you can be certain your gaskets are the original,quality GRAFOIL flexible graphite gaskets.

GRAFOIL Laminate Characteristics

Surface “branded” to prevent substitution of inferior materials.

Meets most refinery, petrochemical and industrial service requirements.

Unsurpassed leaktight sealability over extended periods of time and service temperature.

Permanently resilient, non-hardening, non-aging.

Non-asbestos and non-fibrous.

High temperature creep and blow-out resistant.

Exceeds the most stringent sealability regulations for VOC or hazardous emissions.

Over 5 year shelf life.

Naturally lubricious, requires no flange release agent.

Recommended, but not limited to 150 and 300 class service.For service above 300 class, contact our Sales Office.

Either GHR or GHE can be used in 95-100% of all your sheet gasket applications.

GHE is interchangeable with spiral wound gaskets.

Alloy C276 metal inserts are available for chlorine and chloride service. Refer to grades GH™O and GH™T.

Chemically compatible with a wide range of fluids and gasses.

Fire-Safe!

* Specially designed GRAFOIL flexible graphite metal reinforced gas-ket laminates other than the above can be quoted upon request.

Design Data

Typical Properties

Property English Metric

“m” factor 2 2“y” stress GH™R 900 psi 6 MPa“y” stress GH™E 2500 psi 17 MPa

Note: For non-perfect flanges, multiply calculated clamping force x2.

Gasket Constants Per ASME Appendix BFJ

GHR

Gb 816 psi 5.62 N/mm2

a 0.377 0.377Gs 0.066 psi 4.5x10-4 N/mm2

GHE

Gb 1400 psi 9.65 N/mm2

a 0.324 0.324Gs 0.01 psi 6.9x10-5 N/mm2

Maximum GasketUnit Load 24000 psi 165 MPaFunctional Temperature Range -400ºF to 975ºF -240ºC to 525ºC(in air or oxygen environment)

Note: In a non-oxidizing environment, working temperature could go to 1800ºF (1000ºC).GRAFOIL without the stainless steel can be used to 5,400ºF (3,000ºC). Can also be used attemperatures to1200ºF (650ºC) in steam service.

Because teeth of the tanged metal interlayer may indent metalssofter than 316/316L s.s., Grade GHE gaskets are not normallyrecommended for use with glass, bronze, aluminum or other softmetal flanges.

Installation Tips and Recommendations

Remove all projecting particles, scale, and burrs of the old gasket material from joint surfaces.

Part flanges enough to slide gasket in place, using a few bolts for positioning.

Handle the GRAFOIL gasket with care to avoid damaging the sealing surfaces.

Insert remaining bolts. Draw flanges together evenly. Tighten all nuts with recommended procedure and pressure test system in accordance with engineering standards.

Do not use screwdriver, hammer or other sharp instrument to push the gasket into place.

Wear adequate hand protection to protect against exposed metal edges.

Flange release agents are not required.

Alloy C276 metal inserted GHO (tang) and GHT (foil) are available for chlorine and chloride services.

Property Value

Elevated Temperature Sealability in 580 psig (4.0 MPa) N2 at 750ºF (400ºC) and 4650 psi (32 MPa) clamping force (Modified DIN 3535)

GHR 1.5 ml/min

GHE 3.0 ml/min

Cryogenic Sealability at -220ºF (-140ºC),580 psig (4.0 MPa) N2 and 4650 psi (32 MPa) clamping force. 5 ml/min

Elevated Temperature Creep Relaxation (BSI F-125) 750ºF (400ºC)

GHR 3%

GHE 3%

Carbon Content* 98%

Ash Content (ASTM C561)* 2%

Leachable Chloride (ASTM F1277)* 50 ppm

Sulfur Content (LECO Combustion)* 550 ppm

*Facing material only

Sizes Available

English (inches) Metric (mm)

GHR 24 x 24 610 x 610(width x length) 39.4 x 39.4 1000 x 1000


GHE 24 x 24 610 x 610(width x length) 39.4 x 39.4 1000 x 1000


Thickness: 1/32, 1/16, 1/8 0.8, 1.6, 3.2*coils available in 1/32” **coils available in 0.8 or 1/16” thickness, or 1.6 mm thickness,length to 500’ length to 160 m

12 13

Advantages of GRAFKOTE LAMINATES:

Compatible with a wide range of chemicals

Superior bolt load retention at elevated temperatures

No hot retorquing necessary

Superior sealability under low flange loads

Maximum continuous use temperature 400ºC (750ºF)

High surface conformability

No shelf life limit

Material availability in rolls allows for maximum material utilization

Low leachable chloride

Improved handleability and durability

Cost effective

Easily cut

GRAFKOTE LAMINATES

Multi-Purpose Gasket Materials Single and Double Sided Polymer CoatedGRAFOIL flexible graphite

GRAFKOTE is a new generation of GRAFOIL flexible graphite gasket material with a strong,thin polymer coating. The GRAFOIL flexible graphite sheet is manufactured with no binders,therefore giving it the excellent thermal stability, thermal conductivity and chemical inertnessinherent to graphite. In addition several complimentary features include compactability andresiliency. The thin polymer coating enhances the product handleability and durability. Theunique properties of GRAFOIL flexible graphite along with the strength of the polymer coat-ing make GRAFKOTE an excellent gasketing material. GRAFKOTE can be used for applicationsat temperatures up to 400ºC (750ºF) and flange loads less than 45 MPa (6526 psi).

All the advantages of GRAFOIL flexible graphiteat a price comparable to compressed sheet.

Typical Applications:

Valves

Pumps

Pipe Flanges/ASME/API/DIN Flanges

Glass-lined Equipment

Steam Traps

Heat Exchangers

Compressors

Typical Characteristics:

Double 1.5 mm (1/16”) available in rolls and sheetsSided 2.0 mm (0.080”) available in sheetsThickness: 3.0 mm (1/8”) available in sheets

Single 0.8 mm (1/32”) available in rolls and sheetsSided 1.0 mm (0.040”) available in rolls and sheetsThickness: 1.5 mm (1/16”) available in rolls and sheets

2.0 mm (0.080”) available in sheets3.0 mm (1/8”) available in sheets

Size: meter wide rollsmeter wide sheetsmade to order sizes available upon request

Compressibility: ASTM F-36 at 34.5 MPa (5000 psi): 40%

Recovery: ASTM F-36 after 34.5 MPa (5000 psi): 15%

Carbon Content: 98%

Leachable Chloride: ASTM F-1277: 10 ppm

GRAFKOTE LAMINATES SPECIFICATIONS

Single-sided and Double-sided GRAFKOTE is a gasketing materialconsisting of GRAFOIL GT™B flexible graphite sheet and a strong,thin polymer coating on one or both surfaces.

The polymer coating is 0.01 mm (0.0005”) thick and is thermallybonded to the GTB flexible graphite inner layer.

The GTB flexible graphite inner layer is nominal 1.12 g/cc (70 lb/ft3)density and meets the requirements of Technical Bulletin 103.

High Temperature Creep Relaxation BSI-F125GRAFKOTE LAMINATE compared to

Compressed Nonasbestos Fiber materials

Modified DIN 3535 SealabilityGRAFKOTE LAMINATE compared to Compressed Nonasbestos Fiber materials

0

-5

-10

100

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

Cre

ep (%

)

Leak

Rat

e (m

l/m

in)

0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000

24 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300 320 340 360 380 400

GRAFOIL GTB(1.5 mm)

Double Sided GRAFKOTE

(1.5 mm)

Compressed Nonasbestos

NBR/Aramid fibers (1.5 mm)

Single SidedGRAFKOTE

(1.5 mm)

Double SidedGRAFKOTE

(2.0 mm)

Compressed Nonasbestos

NBR/Synthetic fibers(1.5 mm)

CompressedNonasbestos

SBR/Aramid fibers(1.5 mm)

Temperature (ºC)

Gasket Load (psi)

GRAFKOTE LAMINATE single and double sided gasket materials have excellent sealability even under lowgasket loads.At low gasket loads, GRAFKOTE LAMINATE seals much better than compressed non-asbestosfiber gaskets with rubber binders. The excellent sealability of GRAFKOTE LAMINATE is maintained at temperatures as high as 400ºC.

GRAFKOTE LAMINATE single and double sided gasket materials exhibit stability and creep relaxation ofless than 10% at temperatures up to 400ºC. They maintain a higher bolt torque retention and a betterseal in applications of thermal cycling and continued exposure to elevated temperatures. The creeprelaxation of GRAFKOTE LAMINATE stabilizes and holds constant with continued elevated temperatureexposure, especially when compared to the Compressed Nonasbestos Fiber (CNF) gasket materials.CNF materials continue to creep and degrade with on-going exposure to elevated temperatures.

Test Parameters

Internal Nitrogen pressure: 580 psi

No plastic layer

Gasket size: 90 mmOD x 50 mmID

Room Temperature

Serrated ASME flange.

U.S Patent Nos. 5,198,063 and 5,830,80916 17

GRADE DESCRIPTION STANDARD THICKNESSES(1) mm / inches

Standard 0.13 0.25 0.38 0.51 0.64 0.76 0.89 1.02 1.52GTC monolithic

sheet 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.025 0.030 0.035 0.040 0.060

Laminated 0.76 1.02 1.27 1.52 2.00GHC Sheet

0.030 0.040 0.050 0.060 0.080

0.004” Thick 0.86 1.12 1.37 1.63GHH metal-inserted

laminate 0.034 0.044 0.054 0.064

Metal inserted 0.69 0.94 1.19 1.45 1.70TG251 laminate 0.0066”

0.027 0.037 0.047 0.057 0.067

Tang 0.91 1.17 1.42 1.68GHJ(2) metal-inserted

laminate 0.036 0.046 0.056 0.066

0.003” Aluminum 0.46 0.58 0.84 1.09 1.35TG245 laminated to one

surface 0.018 0.023 0.033 0.043 0.053

0.003” Aluminum 0.53 0.66 0.91 1.17 1.42TG247 laminated to both

surfaces 0.021 0.026 0.036 0.046 0.056

1) Other thicknesses available upon request

2) Standard tang metal low-carbon steel core is 0.17mm (0.007”)

Demand GRAFOIL Flexible Graphite!GRAFOIL flexible graphite material, is engineered for critical sealing

applications for internal combustion engines and related systems.

GRAFOIL flexible graphite maintains the utmost in performance and

sealability.

Available in rolls, sheets and laminates, GRAFOIL flexible graphite canbe molded, cut or otherwise formed to fit virtually any configuration inmost any application requiring a durable, low maintenance, high per-formance gasket.

Laminates

GRAFOIL flexible graphite can be combined with various interlayermaterials to improve performance and handling. Carbon Steel, TangedMetal,Aluminum and PTFE are available.

Applications

GRAFOIL flexible graphite is an extremely versatile sealing materialmade without binders, resins or other additives; it is the obvious choicefor such internal combustion applications as:

■ Gasoline/diesel engine head gaskets

■ Exhaust manifold gaskets

■ Exhaust ring seals

■ Turbo charger gaskets

■ Intake manifold and crossover gaskets

■ Gas turbine seals and gaskets

■ Heat shields

■ Airbags

■ Noise and vibration harshness (NVH)

Grades

Single Layer Material Available As Cut Sheets Or Rolls

GT™C: The standard grade of flexible graphite sheet for most internalcombustion applications. It can be provided as full-width 24 in. ormeter-wide rolls, slit widths, or as sheets.

Super GTO™: Premium inhibited sheet grade where a higher level ofoxidation resistance is required.

EXPANDOGRAF™: An all graphite sheet material containing nobinders, which is designed for use in high temperature applicationswhere sealability is critical.

Metal Reinforced GRAFOIL Laminates

GH™J: Laminate consisting of 0.0066 in. thick low carbon steel tangcore with grade GTC mechanically clinched to both sides.

GH™H: Laminate consisting of a 0.0042 in. thick low carbon steel corewith grade GTC adhesively bonded to both sides.

TG251: Laminate consisting of a 0.0066 in. thick low carbon steel corewith grade GTC adhesively bonded to both sides.

Exterior Metal Faced

TG245: Laminate consisting of GTC with a layer of aluminum foil adhesively bonded to one side.

TG247: Laminate consisting of GTC with a layer of aluminum foil adhesively bonded to both sides.

Nuclear Certifiable Thread Sealant Paste

GRAFOIL GTS® Graphite Thread Sealant is a patented product consisting of a high purity paste made from a combination of nuclear grade graphite and a nuclear quality petroleum based carrier. It has all the characteristics

needed for long life performance, even under the most severe conditions. It is made to seal smaller diameter,close tolerance threaded pipe joints in critical service applications to 635ºC (1200ºF) and 52 MPa (7500 psi).

GTS thread sealant paste can be certified to meet many nuclear specifications because of its purity and thermal stability. Supplied in a form that permits easy application, GTS thread sealant paste is an

ideal replacement for Teflon thread sealant tape and other conventional thread sealant materials in critical high temperature and high pressure service applications.

Each lot of GRAFOIL GTS thread sealant paste is tested and approved to exacting specifications after manufacture and packaged in 125 gram nuclear grade polyethylene

“squeezable” tubes to protect it against contamination.

Because of its resistance to heat and corrosion, GRAFOIL GTS thread sealantpaste will provide an effective seal for long periods of time, and will outper-

form conventional thread sealants in high temperature applications.The purity level of GTS thread sealant paste allows it to meet the stringent certification requirements of the nuclear power generationindustry such as the General Electric nonmetallic material specificationD50YP12 Rev 2.

GRAFOIL GTS thread sealant paste can also be used as an effectivebolt lubricant or antisieze compound, having out performed

conventional lubricants under tests performed by theGeneral Electric Corp. GTS thread sealant paste does notharden or cure with time or temperature. Joints sealed withGTS paste will be easy to dissemble even after years of hightemperature service.

Technical Information

Composition:

Nuclear grade GRAFOIL graphite flake material and a percentage composition of high purity petroleum based carriers.

Carbon Content:99.5% minimum in graphite flake.

Shelf Life:Minimum of two years from date of first use.

Recommended storage:Store below 38ºC (100ºF).

Pipe Size Limitations:GRAFOIL GTS thread sealant paste is recommended for use in closefitting threaded joints of two inch and smaller diameter pipe sizes.

Purity Level:

Element Typical (ppm) Specification (ppm)

Total Halogen (as Cl) <25 450 max.

Leachable Chloride <10 50 max.

Total Chlorine <10 500 max.

Total Fluorine <25 300 max.

Total Nitrite <1 1 max.

Total Nitrate <10 820 max.

Total Sulfur <250 630 max.

Embrittling Metals* <250 500 max.

*No single embrittling metal more than 200 ppm.

TGA of GTS Pipe Thread Sealant Paste

Weight Loss vs. Temperature

Weight loss begins at about 125ºC (255ºF), and there is a 6%weight loss at 200ºC (390ºF). GRAFOIL GTS thread sealantpaste will have good lubricating properties up to 200ºC (390ºF)for a considerable period of time.

Directions for Use:

1) Thoroughly clean threaded surfaces prior to application.

2) Knead tube well, (for best results, remove cap, snip tip,squeeze out air, place cap back on tightly, and knead well.)

3) Apply the paste evenly and fill the threads completely.Carefully assemble and tighten the threaded joint.

4) Close cap tightly after use.

100

90

80

70

60

50

40

Temperature, deg. C

Wei

ght %

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900

T G A A n a l y s i s

10 11

Chemical CompatibilityGRAFOIL flexible graphite gaskets and packing are all graphite productscontaining no resin binders or organic fillers.Their outstanding resistanceto corrosion, even at high temperature, and their ability to retain com-pressibility at all temperatures, recommend them for service in the manyinorganics and organics listed. In addition, GRAFOIL gaskets and packingare performing successfully in a number of unusual applications – in somecases, they are the only materials which have been able to withstand cer-tain rigorous service demands. Here are examples of just a few fieldinstallations.

■ Gaskets in molten aluminum at 1350ºF and 5000 psig pressure

■ Gaskets in reactor handling lethal gas at 790ºF and 55 psig pressure

■ Packing in a boiler feed water centrifugal pump, 350ºF

■ Gaskets in piping conveying molten plastics at 600ºF and 600 psig pressure

Whatever your requirements for gasket and packing materials, ask for ourrecommendation. Chances are we can help solve your problem withGRAFOIL products for economical long-life and dependable service.

Chemical Concentration Fluid TemperatureReagent Per Cent up to ºF

ACIDSAcetic acid All AllAcetic anhydride 100 AllArsenic acid All AllBoric acid All AllCarbonic acid All AllChromium trioxide, aq. soln. 0-10 200Citric acid All AllFormic acid All AllHydrobromic acid All AllHydrochloric acid All AllHydrofluoric acid All AllHydrofluosilicic acid 0-20 AllHydrogen chloride All AllHydrogen sulfide-water All AllLactic acid All AllMonochloracetic acid 100 AllNitric acid 0-10 185Nitric acid 10-20 140Nitric acid Over 20 100Oleic acid 100 AllOxalic acid All AllPhosphoric acid 0-85 AllStearic acid 100 AllSulfur dioxide All AllSulfuric acid 0-70 AllSulfuric acid 70-85 338Sulfuric acid 85-90 300Sulfuric acid 90-93 160Sulfuric acid 93-95 160Sulfuric acid Over 95 Not

RecommendedSulfurous acid All AllTartaric acid All All


ALKALIESAmmonium hydroxide All AllMonoethanolamine All AllSodium hydroxide All All

SALT SOLUTIONSAlum All AllAluminum chloride All AllAmmonium bifluoride All AllAmmonium bisulfate All AllAmmonium sulfate All AllAmmonium thiocyanate 0-63 AllArsenic trichloride 100 AllCalcium chlorate 0-100 140Calcium hypochlorite All 90Copper sulfate All AllCupric chloride All AllFerric chloride All AllFerrous chloride All AllFerrous sulfate All AllManganous sulfate All AllNickel chloride All AllNickel sulfate All AllPhosphorous trichloride 100 AllSodium chloride All AllSodium chloride 0-4 RoomSodium hypochlorite 0-25 RoomStannic chloride All AllSulfur monochloride 100 AllZinc ammonium chloride All AllZinc chloride All AllZinc sulfate All All

HALOGENS, WATERBromine 100 RoomBromine water All RoomChlorine-dry 100 AllChlorine dioxide --- 158Chlorine water All RoomFluorine 100 300Iodine 100 RoomSteam --- All CommercialWater, Deaerated --- AllWater, Borated --- All

HEAT TRANSFER FLUIDS“Dowtherm” (all types) 100 All“Mobiltherm” 100 AllPetroleum-Oil Based 100 All“Therminol” (all types) 100 All“Ucon” (all types) 100 All


ORGANIC COMPOUNDSAcetone 0-100 AllAmyl alcohol 100 AllAniline 100 AllAniline Hydrochloride 0-60 All“Aureomycin” 100 AllBenzene 100 AllBenzene hexachloride 100 AllBenzyl sulfonic acid 60 AllButyl alcohol 100 AllButyl “Cellosolve” 0-100 AllCarbon tetrachloride 100 All“Cellosolve” solvent 0-100 AllChloral hydrate --- AllChlorethylbenzene 100 AllChloroform 100 All“Deoxidine” --- 140Dichloropropionic acid 90-100 338Diethanolamine All AllDioxane 0-100 AllEthyl alcohol 0-100 AllEthyl chloride All AllEthylene chlorohydrin 0-8 AllEthylene dibromide 100 AllEthylene dichloride 100 AllEthyl mercaptan-water Saturated AllFatty acides All AllFolic acid All AllRefrigerants 11 & 12 100 AllGasoline 100 AllGlycerine 0-100 AllIsopropyl acetate 100 AllIsopropyl alcohol 0-100 AllIsopropyl ether 100 AllKerosene 100 AllMannitol All AllMethyl alcohol 0-100 AllMethyl isobutyl ketone 100 AllMonochlorbenzene 100 AllMonovinyl acetate All AllOctyl alcohol 100 AllParadichlorbenzene 100 AllParaldehyde 100 AllTetrachlorothane, sym. 100 AllTrichlorethylene 100 AllXylene All All


MIXTURESAcidified starch solutions All AllAmino acid plus hydrochloricand sulfuric acids --- AllAmmonium persulfate 25 Allplus sulfuric acid 20 RoomAnodizing solutions All AllButyl acrylate plusacrylic acid All AllCalcium chloride plus 30calcium chlorate 10 140Chlorinated-ethyl alcohols All AllChrome plating solns. All RoomCresylic acid plussulfuric acid --- AllElectropolishing solutions(sulfuric plus phosphoric acids) All 140Hydrochloric acid Over 20sat. with chlorine All AllNickel plating solns.(chloride) All AllNickel plating solns.(sulfate) All AllNitric acid plus 15hydrofluoric acid 5 140“Parkerizing” solution All AllRayon spin bath All AllSodium hypochloriteplus sodium hydroxide 25 200Sulfuric acid plus 96plus nitric acid .03 Not

Recommended

AIR (OXYGEN)

The threshold of the oxidation of graphite in air is that temperature atwhich a graphite cube one inch on an edge will lose one percent ofweight in 24 hours during bulk exposure.

GRAFOIL® GTB flexible graphite has a threshold of oxidation of 975ºF.However, in actual applications, GRAFOIL packing and gasketing is neverexposed in bulk form. The “thin edge” exposure of GRAFOIL packingand gasketing has successfully withstood years of exposure to air atprocess fluid temperatures up to 1500ºF.

20 21

grafoil® flexible graphite -...

Documents