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Grade 3 Unit P.2 – Light, Shadows and Mirrors
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Standards of the unit معايير هذه الوحدة
1.2 Make a test prediction and draw conclusions
from observation and data.
1. Make systematic observation and observe
patterns.
2.3 use labeled pictures to communicate
observations.
2.4Use words in their scientific contest
3.1 Handle simple equipment correctly, safely and
without damage to carry out simple objects.
11.1 Explain that shadows occur when a light source
is blocked by an object.
11.2 Recognize that the shape of a shadow is
similar to the shape of the object that makes it.
11.3 Show that light can pass through a
transparent object but not through an opaque one.
11.4 Know that many objects are transparent only
to light of a particular color.
11.5 Know that light can be reflected by mirrors.
11.6 Use a magnifying glass to focus light.
11.7 Know that heat and light have many similar
properties.
Grade 3 Unit P.2 – Light, Shadows and Mirrors
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Sources of light مصادر الضوء
1) light sources give out light مصدر الضوء هو الذي
عطنا الضوء مباشرة مثل
Examples:
1- The sun الشمس
2- Stars النجوم
3- Candle flame الشمعة
4- Electric light
الكهربائ المصباح
Remember! You must never look directly at the
sun. It is so bright that it can damage your eyes
very quickly. ممكن أن صدر ضوئ ال نه ال تنظر مباشرة الى اي م
تلف عنك
Grade 3 Unit P.2 – Light, Shadows and Mirrors
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Some objects seem bright, but they are only
reflecting (bouncing off) light from elsewhere. So
these are not light sources. These include the
moon, planets, mirrors and shiny objects.
You would not be able to see a reflector of light,
such as a mirror, in a completely dark room. بعض االجسام تعكس الضوء من مصدر اخر و لكنها لست مصادر ضوء مثل القمر و الكواكب و المراا
Class Work
Circle the things which give out light: حول ضع دائرة
مصادر الضوء
Grade 3 Unit P.2 – Light, Shadows and Mirrors
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Survey
What kind of light sources do we use in our
school? ؟ما ه انواع مصادر الضوء المستعملة ف مدرستك
Grade 3 Unit P.2 – Light, Shadows and Mirrors
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How we can see ان نرى كف مكن
1-We see a light source when light from the
source enters our eyes. عندما دخل مصادر الضوء نرى
الضوء اعننا
OR
2-When light from a light source hits an object,
it is reflected (bounces off) and enters our eyes.
This is how we see the object.
.أعيننا إلىنرى األشاء عندما نعكس الضوء من األشاء
Light travels in straight lines
Grade 3 Unit P.2 – Light, Shadows and Mirrors
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Experiment(1)
Objective: to see how light travels in a straight
line خطوط مستقمة كف نتقل الضوء ف
Materials : a torch مصدر ضوء– pieces of newspaper قطعة
baking powder -جردة ربونات الصودوم بك .
1) Spread the newspaper on the floor. فرش الجردة على ا
األرض
2) Make the room dark. اجعل الغرفة مظلمة
3) Turn the torch on. افتح مصدر الضوء خاصتك
4) Shine it across the newspaper. سلطه على الجردة
5) Ask a friend to sprinkle baking soda over the
beam light. Do you see the beam light? دع احد اصدقائك
ترى الضوء ثر البكاربونات على اشعة الضوء هل ن
Draw what you observed سجل مالحظاتك
Grade 3 Unit P.2 – Light, Shadows and Mirrors
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Conclusion األستنتاج:--------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------- -
Experiment (2)
Use a torch and 2 cards with hole cut in them ان من المنتصف و ضعهما بالهيئة التي تمثقوب استعمل مصدر ضوء وبطاقتان
تراها في الصورة باالسفل و غير من الحالة االولى الى الحالة الثانية و سجل .مالحظاتك
What did you learn from this experiment?
?ماذا تعلمت من التجربة
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Torch
A B Can you see the light ?----------
.............هل ترى الضوء؟
Torch
A B Can you see the light ?----------
.............هل ترى الضوء؟
Grade 3 Unit P.2 – Light, Shadows and Mirrors
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Light bounces off some materials better than
others هناك اجسام تعكس الضوء اكثر من غرها
Light travels in straight lines. When light
hits an object, it is reflected (bounces
off) and enters our eyes. This is how we
see the object. و دخل الضوء نتقل بخطوط مستقمة
العن و عندها تتم الرؤة
When light from an object is reflected by
a surface, it changes direction. It bounces
off the surface at the same angle as it
hits it. عندما صطدم الضوء ببعض االجسام ستغر
بزاوة معنة مسارها و تنعكس على السطح
Smooth, shiny surfaces such as mirrors
and polished metals reflect light well. Dull
and dark surfaces such as dark fabrics do
not reflect light well. السطوح الملساء كالمراا
لضوء اكثر من غرها مل الداكنة و القماش و الذان ال تعكس ا.عكسان بصورة جدة
Grade 3 Unit P.2 – Light, Shadows and Mirrors
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Reflective surfaces can be very useful.
Mirrors inside cars reflect light to help
drivers see objects behind them. السطوح
العاكسة ف مراا السارات تعكس الضوء و تساعد سائق .ما خلفه دون ان در رأسه الى الخلف السارة على رؤة
‘Cat’s eyes’ on the road reflect light from
car headlamps to help the driver see the
road at night. عون القطط او العاكسات الفسفورة
تعكس الضوء لتساعد السائقن من رؤة الشارع و حدوده
Grade 3 Unit P.2 – Light, Shadows and Mirrors
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Transparent, translucent and opaque
materials ة و نصف شفافة و المعتم االجسام الشفافت
Transparent materials let light pass
through them in straight lines, so that you
can see clearly through them. Glass is an
example of a transparent material. األجسام
الشفافة تسمح بمرور الضوء كامال و بخطوط مستقمة مثل الزجاج
Translucent materials let some light
through, but they scatter the light in all
directions, so that you cannot see clearly
through them. Tissue paper is an example
of a translucent material. نصف الشفافة األجسام
تسمح بمرور بعض الضوء و مكن ان شتته الى اتجاهات مختلفة
Opaque materials do not let any light pass
through them. They block the light. Wood
is an example of an opaque material. الجسم
مثل الخشب مرر الضوء و منع مسارهالمعتم الذي ال
Grade 3 Unit P.2 – Light, Shadows and Mirrors
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Glass is a transparent materialالزجاج هو جسم شفاف
Experiment
Transparent, translucent or opaque materials?
Materials: cardboard ونكارت --tissue paper ورق حمام--
glassزجاج --aluminum foil قصدر- wallpaper ورق جدران-
cling film نصف شفافة شرحة
Use a torch to test and sort these materials استعمل مصدر ضوء لتتفحص المواد السابقة و سجل قراءاتك ف الجدول
Lets light go
through
Clearly مر كل
الضوء
Lets some light
through, not
clearly بعض الضوء
مر
Does not let
light
through at all الضوءال مر
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Conclusion:الخالصة
Some materials allow light to travel through
them clearly. These materials are called
المواد الت تسمح بمرور الضوء .________________
تسمى Some materials allow some light to travel
through them. These materials are called سمح
.________________بمرور بعض الضوء
Some materials don’t allow light to travel
through them at all. These materials are called
.________________ال سمح بمرور الضوء
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Shadows الظل
A shadow is made when an object blocks
light. The object must be opaque or
translucent to make a shadow. A
transparent object will not make any
shadow, as light will pass straight through
it. منع تشكل الظل عندما صطدم الضوء بجسم معتم و
و كون منطقة مظلمة ال صلها الضوء مساره
Opaque objects make dark shadows.
Translucent objects make faint shadows. شفاف النصف الجسم أماالجسم المعتم شكل ظال معتما جدا
شكل ظال خففا
If an object is moved closer to the light
source, the shadow gets bigger. اذا اقترب
الجسم من الضوء سوف كبر ظله
If an object is moved further away
from the light source, the shadow gets
smaller. و اذا ابتعد الجسم صغر ظله
Grade 3 Unit P.2 – Light, Shadows and Mirrors
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Observe shadows مالحظة الظالل
1. Use a chart to record your results سجل مالحظاتك
ف الجدول السفل 2. Observe some shadows الحظ بعض الظالل( in the
class room school yard, at your house
etc)
3. Draw the shadow. ارسم الظل
4. Write what object made the shadow. اكتب اسم
الجسم الذي شكل الظلDraw the shadow
ارسم الظلWhat made the shadow
اكتب اسم الجسم الذي شكل الظل
Grade 3 Unit P.2 – Light, Shadows and Mirrors
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Draw a line to match the butterflies with their
shadows صل بن الجسم و ظله
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Experiment
Light (Shadows)(CW)
When an opaque object is placed between a source
of light and a surface it will cast a shadow. عندما تضع
جسما بين مصدر الضوء و سطح السقوط سوف يتكون لديك ظال
Torch object wall
1. Draw the shape of shadow you think each
object will cast before trying it. ارسم شكل
الظل المتكون
األشياء
Object What is your
prediction ما هو
توقعك
Try it
جرب
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2. Move the object nearer to the light source and
then further away. What do you notice? حرك الجسم
ماذا تالحظ؟. أبعدهقريبا من الضوء ثم
Draw your results ارسم النتائج
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Homework
Inquire further
How does the shadow under a tree change during
the day? كيف يتغير الظل تحت الشجرة خالل اليوم
______________________________________
______________________________________
When was the shadow the shortest? متى يكون اقصر ظال
______________________________________
______________________________________
When was the shadow the longest? متى يكون اطول ظال
______________________________________
______________________________________
Grade 3 Unit P.2 – Light, Shadows and Mirrors
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Shadows made by the sun الشمس يتكىن بىجىدالظل
The sun is a very bright natural light
source. It seems to move across the sky
during the day (although it is actually the
Earth that is moving around the sun). تبدو
سماء عرضا لكن ف الحققة لالشمس و كأنها تتحرك و تقطع ا ان االرض ه الت تتحرك و تلف حول نفسها
The sun casts (makes) longest shadows at
the beginning and end of the day, when
the sun is lowest in the sky. The sun casts
shortest shadows at midday, when the sun is
highest in the sky. اطول ظل عند نهاة النهار و بداته و
اقصر ظل ف منتصف النهار عندما تكون الشمس بمنتصف السماء
Midday منتصف النهار
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Early morning الصباح المبكر
Direct Light Produces More Heat الضوء
أكثرالمباشر ولد حرارة
You need a torch and a piece of paper. تحتاج الى ورقة و
مصدر ضوء
First of all you need to experiment a little
with the flashlight. Put your hand up against
the light source. Feel that it is warm. Move
your hand away just a little. Notice how the
heat is less, but it is still warm. Move your
hand further and nearer the light, tip it so it
is at an angle. Can you feel any differences? اوال
ارفع دك عن ضع دك امام مصدر الضوء و تحسس الحرارة ثمتبرد ن دكالضوء و ستحس ا
……………………………………………………………………………………..
Now you can show the way light produces heat
using your paper. You will also need a watch
and a ruler and a large book
First you need to make sure your paper is cold. Pop
it in the freezer for a few minutes; try to keep it
dry. احفظها جافة الثالجت وبرد الورقة ف
Grade 3 Unit P.2 – Light, Shadows and Mirrors
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Prop the book up at and angle and lay the piece of
paper on it. Lay the torch on another book so that
it shines onto the paper. Feel the paper and notice
when it starts to get warm. Measure three inches
from the light source and mark the spot on the
paper. Keep feeling that bit. How long does it take
to get warm? ضع الورقة على االرض و سلط الضوء علها لفترة من
الزمن على ان كون مصدر الضوء ثابتا ف بعد معن دون ان تحرك و و تحسب الفترة الزمنة الى ان تسخن علك ان تقس هذه المسافة الثابتة
الورقة
Draw here
Write your conclusion: الخالصة باكت
---------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------
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---------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------
Check point
Q1: Complete the concept map: اكمل المخطط التال
Light
source
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Q2: Complete:
Sunlight can be blocked to form--------------- ..........................مسار ضوء الشمس ب ممكن ان منع
Light is ----------------from mirrors and other
surfaces. على المراا ..........................الضوء
Light travels in ------------------line. الضوء نتقل ف
...........................خطوط The nearer an object is to a light source the
____________ is the shadow. اقتراب الضوء من ب
..................................الجسم كون الظل The further an object is from a light source
the ____________ the shadow. ابتعاد الضىء عه
.......................................الجسم يكىن الظل Light travels in ____________ __________
from a __________ _________. نتقل الضوء
.......................من .........................ف Some sources of light are ___________
_____________ __________بعض مصادر الضوء ه
The moon is not a ___________ of
______________. It reflects light. القمر عكس
.......................................الضوء و لس Darkness is the absence of الظالم معناهانه ال وجد
________________.
A shadow is caused because light cannot travel
round _______________. الظل تكون النه الضوء ال
.............................لتف حول
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We see when light _______________ our
تحدث الرؤا عندما ._____________
When light hits an object it is reflected. A
shiny object reflects _________ light than a
dull object. من المعتمة .............الضوء لالمعة تعكسا األجسام
When light is reflected it changes انعكاس الضوء
_________________عن
The nearer an object is to a light source the
____________ is the shadow. قرب الجسم من الضوء ب
.........................كون الظل The further an object is from a light source
the ____________ the shadow. بعد الجسم عن
...........كون الظل الضوء
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Q3: Name two objects that will block light. اعط مثاالن
مسار الضوء الت تمنع لألجسام ---------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------
Q4: What is a magnifier? Draw it. المكبرة ارسمهاما ه