government & war. magna carta – written in 1215 – king signed to guarantee important rights...
TRANSCRIPT
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Government & War
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• Magna Carta– Written in 1215– King signed to guarantee
important rights to noblemen
• -Established elections of representatives– Parliament: makes laws
with a 2 house legislature• House of Lords/Commons
English Bill of Rights – document agreeing to respect the rights of English citizens & Parliament
Move toward allowing the people more legal protection
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• The colonial leaders shared power
• England did not interfere with colonial affairs
• Parliament passed laws that were rarely enforced by governors
• Self-government grew in the colonies
Salutary Neglect
ROYAL GOVERNOR➢ Appointed by King
➢ Oversaw colonial trade➢Final approval on laws
➢ Could dismiss colonial wishes
➢ Appointed by governor➢ Advisory board to governor➢ Acted as high court in colonies
➢ Elected by eligible colonists➢ Made laws➢ Had authority to tax➢ Paid governor’s salary
Governor’s Council Colonial Assembly
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French had little more than 80,000 people in New World (compared to 1,000,000 British colonists)
France established trade alliances with Indians
Rivals of England in Europe & wherever their empires met
France attacked English colonies due to the British invading the French controlled Ohio River Valley trading
area
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Albany Plan of Union
• Ben Franklin’s idea– Called to unite the colonies
under a central gov’t
• Colonies REJECTED the plan to unite the colonies against the French
– Colonies did not want to give too much power to 1 government– Colonies were jealous to
share their power• Especially to tax
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• 1756 - Britain declared war on France – Over land claims in
North America
• William Pitt– British Secretary of
State – Vowed to pay for &
win war at all costs
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Treaty of Paris (1763)Pre-War Land Claim Post-War Land Claim
England
France Haiti
Spain
North America from Atlantic Coast to Appalachian Mtns.Hudson Bay; Newfoundland
N. A. from Atlantic to Mississippi; Canada, Florida
Canada, St. Lawrence River, Great Lakes, Mississippi River, Ohio River Valley, Haiti
Florida, Mexico, Cuba N.A. west of the Miss. River, Mexico, Cuba
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Pre-War
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Post War
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After the War• British gov’t tightened control over
the colonies after the war– Contrary to salutary neglect
• Proclamation of 1763– Due to Pontiac’s War & land-hungry
settlers – Stop all expansion west of the
Appalachian Mts.
• Britain keeps troops in the area to protect their interests– Military is in charge
• British used soldiers to enforce the law– People could only trade @ designated
points under military supervision
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OPTIC