Government, the public sector

and leisure報告者：胡嘉玲

The scope of public leisure services and facilities

1.by a public authority

2. by legislation

3. by public funds for a restricted use

4. by planning

widebe provided by….

Examples of local authority leisure and recreation facilities and services

in a variety of ways

they support organizations

no direct paymenta direct payment by the user

make its own facilitiesmake financial grants

►►Planning and recreation

WHAT THEY DO

Countryside regional facilities

Principle

The scope

The origins and development of public recreation services

● a long gestation period from the mid-nineteenth century to the mid-twentieth century ● post-Second World War initiatives● an enlightened period of new ideas in the 1960s ● Local government reorganization in 1974 and its effect on

The origins of public leisure and recreation go back to the nineteenth century.

Baths and Wash-Houses

swimming pools

parks

personal cleaning and hygiene

Instructional & recreation

personal cleaning and hygiene

1937the first major Act to use

the word ‘recreation

● a long gestation period from the mid-nineteenth century to the mid-twentieth century

● post-Second World War initiatives

● an enlightened period of new ideas in the 1960s

● Local government reorganization in 1974 and its effect on recreation

Organizations played an effective, persuasive role.

1947

1949

1968

The Town and Country Planning Act

The National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act

The Countryside Act

Facilities were needed

in settings where

people live and work.

The major Education Acts

1918 & 1944

the growth of the Youth Service, adult education

and physical education, facilities such as sports

grounds, swimming pools, larger gymnasia and halls.

● a long gestation period from the mid-nineteenth century to the mid-twentieth century● post-Second World War initiatives

● an enlightened period of new ideas in the 1960s

● Local government reorganization in 1974 and its effect on recreation

this growth in indoor sport and recreation centres

leisure renaissance

towards recreation

The new department spanned former services covering

rationalize

►► Dual use& jointprovision and recreation

education facilities were potential community leisure and recreation centres

a new policy guideline

● a long gestation period from the mid-nineteenth century to the mid-twentieth century● post-Second World War initiatives● an enlightened period of new ideas in the 1960s

●Local government reorganization 改組 in 1974 and its effect on recreation

Local government reorganization

1971

1974

a two-tier structure and a radical reorganization

six new metropolitan county councils1,400 existing district councils were reduced to 333

These councils were now larger and more powerful.encouraged the creation of new facilities, particularly indoor leisure centres

Recent legislation and effects on leisure management

1988introduced

the concept of anticompetitive

behaviour

1992Act helped

to define it in law

1993Regulations assisted local authorities in

conducting competitive

tendering and avoiding anticompetitive behaviour

►►Compulsory competitive tendering 強制競爭性招標

DoE, 1996Five good tendering practice:

economic savings and improved financial performance by local authority direct service

organizations (DSOs) and generally satisfactory results.

影響：

問題：1. Were the services more effective? 2. Did they meet the needs and expectations of the people they are there to serve?

►► The Education Reform Act and recreation

Support

One-off

Recreation

►► School and community funded facilities

Q: The facilities are ‘school’ facilities or ‘community’ facilities? ‘

Q: Who owns and has management responsibility?

1.the school and the governing body is empowered 2. for school purposes and curricular activities.3.be self-financed.

provide for the community within existing community structures

1.Joint provision

2. The Community School

►► The Children Act and leisure services

four duties

Facilities affected by the Children Act

key principle

effect

Leisure Managers

November

2001a Minister for Education and Young People within the Scottish

September

2003

protect children from neglect and harm, promote their well-being and support all children to develop their potential.

March

2004the DfES published Every Child Matters

November

2004

local authorities, police and social services

are obliged to work together to ensure child welfare.

►► The government and leisure into the present

Along with the creation of the National Lottery, these were significant landmarksfor leisure and recreation at the close of the twentieth century.

the benefits of leisure for people and communities and the economy.

Department of National Heritage

the Department for Culture, Media and Sport

http://www.knu.edu.tw/cge/main/%A4%A4%A4%DF%BE%C7%B3%F8/%B3q%C3%D1%AC%E3%A8s%B6%B0%A5Z/13/6%BCB%A8%D8%A9%C9.pdf

http://74.125.153.132/search?q=cache:ARrkvzG0OmwJ:open.nat.gov.tw/OpenFront/report/show_file.jsp%3FsysId%3DC09703631%26fileNo%3D002+58+unitary+authorities&cd=3&hl=zh-TW&ct=clnk&gl=tw&lr=lang_zh-TW

http://pam.nsysu.edu.tw/data/taspaa/f/F2-2.pdf http://pa.nccu.edu.tw/journal/docs/pdf/no15/15-4.pdf

►► 參考資料