FAULT

Group 10 :Dimas Ahmad Syafi’i

Fani Anisa Ayu DesianaFaruk Afero

OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION

1. Definition 2. Properties of fault’s motion 3. Classification of fault4. Cause of fault 5. Fault dealing with earthquake

Fault is a fracture in a rock formation along which there has been movement of the blocks of rock and either side of the plane of fracture. Faults are caused

by plate-tectonic forces.

WHAT IS FAULT ?

What we need to know dealing with fault?

1. Strike : direction of the line formed by the intersection of a fault, bed, or other planar feature and a horizontal plane.

2. dip : is the angle at which a planar feature is inclined to the horizontal plane; it is measured in a vertical plane perpendicular to the strike of the feature

3. Net slip : relative displacement of a point on the fault plane coincides initially, due to the fault

4. Rake : the angle formed by the net slip with a strike-slip (horizontal shift in the direction of the moment) on fault plane

What we need to know dealing with fault

5. Hade : angle between the fault plane to a vertical plane parallel to the direction of fault

6. Hanging Wall: rock body parts relatively over the fault plane

7. Foot Wall: rock body parts relative is under fault plane.

What we need to know dealing with fault

Picture 1. Parts of Fault

α = dip β = rake of net slipθ = hade = – dipab = net slipac = strike slipcb= ad = dip slipae = vertical slip = throwde = horizontal slip = heave

Foot Wall

Hanging Wall

Properties of fault’s motion 1. Translation : occurs when there is no

rotation between the parts to one another fault.

2. Rotation : occurs when lines or parallel bedding before the fault become not aligned again after the faulted.

Classification of fault

1. Geometris classification- Dip-slip- Strike-slip - Diagonal slip

2. Relative motion - Normal fault- Reverse fault- Lateral fault

Fault Classification Based on Geometries

Dip slip fault is fault movement parallel with slope of fault. Devided by 2 : Normal fault and Reverse fault

Strike slip fault is fault movement parallel with strike direction.

Diagonal slip fault is diagonal fault movement

Fault Classification Based on Relative Motion

1.Normal Fault2.Reverse/Thrust Fault

3.Strike slip Fault

Normal Fault

Normal fault is created by tensional stress, the hanging wall and footwall are pulled apart from each other

Hanging wall drops down relative to the footwall

Erode

d

Listric faults are similar to normal faults but the fault plane curves,

Reverse Fault

Reverse/thrust fault is created by compressional stress, the hanging wall and footwall are pushed each other,

The hanging wall moves upward along the fault relative to the footwall.

Erode

d

Strike-slip Fault

Strike-slip fault is created by shearing stress

HOW DO WE KNOW THE EXISTENCE OF FAULT?

The Characteristics of the existence of fault

1. Changing of river flow2. Presence of Escarpment

The Characteristics of the existence of fault3.Exist of Triangular facet

The Characteristics of the existence of fault4.Morphological change in rock

The Characteristics of the existence of fault5.The emergence of the lake

What Causes of Fault and how does it formed?

Fault dealing with earthquake

Approximately 95% of the world's earthquakes occur at the boundaries between the plates of the earth's crust and in the

area of fault.

THE ADVANTAGES OF THE EXISTENCES OF FAULT

1. We may know the oil trap2. Knowing migration of oils and gases

3. Knowing endogen Forces

References:

1. Moehandi, Mustoto.Geologi Dasar. Universitas Indonesia 2. www.minsocam.org/ammin/AM35/AM35_922.pdf - ROCK-

MAGMA AND ROCK-SPECIES S. J. Su.txo, Columbia (Jnioersity,New York, N. Y.

3. web.mit.edu/eaps/senior_thesis/sgelmanTHESIS_FINAL.pdf

4. animalpicturegallery.com5. geology.sdsu.edu6. volcanolive.com7. cw.mit.edu/courses/earth-atmospheric-and-planetary-

sciences/12-479-trace-element-geochemistry-spring-2009/seminars-discussions/seminar7.pdf - 2010-09-26 - 12.479 Trace-Element Geochemistry

8. http://www.uwsp.edu/geo/faculty/ritter/glossary/l_n/magma_chamber.html

THANK YOU