got a good gut? -...

Roberto Soares

Got a Good Gut - Roberto Soares 1

Got a Good Gut?

Roberto Soares, DVM, MSc., ACPV

Ceva Poultry Technical Services Manager

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Got a Good Gut?

1 day old broiler- Pasty Cloaca

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Got a Good Gut?

7 days old – Pasty Cloaca

Roberto Soares


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Got a Good Gut?

14 days old broiler – Sticky dropping

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Got a Good Gut?

35 days old broiler – Sticky dropping

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Got a Good Gut?

Undigested corn

Roberto Soares


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Got a Good Gut?

Orange color mucus

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Got a Good Gut?

Cecal dropping

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Glucose &lactose

Prompt deadcollection

Coccidiosis

NE

Low pH

Acidifiedlitter

Dietary organic acids

Starch

α-toxin

High waterintake

Microbial infections

Poorventilation

Leaky drinkers

Wet litter

Highstocking

Fibrousdiet

Diet change

Whole wheat

Litter eating

CIA, IBD, MD

Maize

Improveddigestibility

Fish meal

Glycine &methionine

Animal protein

Clostridium perfringens Trypsin

Vaccines

Vitamin A

Gutdamage

Immunosuppression

Bacterialcontamination

Sucrose&fructose

High K

High Na

Wheat

Oocysticides

Synthetic anticoccidials

Ionophore anticoccidials

High viscosity

High crude protein

Intussusception

Gutstasis

Vermin

Villous atrophy

Proteinleakage

Enzymes

Rye & barley

High Zn

CEPs &Lactobacillus

AGPs

Early feeding

High pH

Non-maize cereals

Drugresistance

Se andvitamin E

Low moisture capacity

Lowabsorption

(R.B. Williams 2005)

High Dietary Saturated Fat

Factors Affecting Gut Health

Roberto Soares


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Factors Affecting Gut Health

Management

Nutrition

Infectious Agents• e.g. Coccidiosis, NE

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Nutrition

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Red Jungle FowlThe Ancestor of All Chickens

Chickens are OMNIVORES(eat plants and animals)

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2017

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Digestibility %

• Vegetarian feed was 3,4% less digestible

24% Non digestible carbohydrates in SBM10% More SBM in the Vegetarian feed

Vegetarian Diets

{

Source: Dr. Vieira, UFRGS

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• Each bird on Vegetarian diets excreted an extra 330 grams• 18.000 birds = 5.940 kg extra

Amount of Excreta, g/bird

Vegetarian Diets


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• Each bird consumed an extra 429 ml of water• 18.000 birds = 7.722 liters

Water Intake

Vegetarian Diets


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Anaerob ColoniesAverage of 3 Studies (x 107)

Basal FeedsBarley Corn Corn + 4,5% Pectin

1 – 4 days 750 4,3 1.1021 – 7 days 782 4,1 837

• TGI with proliferation of butiric acid producing bacteria and gas suggestive of Clostridium

Wagner e Thomas, 1978

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Gaseous Excreta

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Necrotic Enteritis

- Hatchery (Chick Quality)

- Brooding - Ventilation

Management

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Chick Quality

Kawalilak, L. T., et al; 2010 Poultry Science 89 :82–87

navel buttons

residual yolk sac

decreased intestinal villi growth

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Gut Development – First 14 days

Gastrointestinal tract grows 4X faster than the BW during the 1st

2 wks of life

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Intestinal Tract Development

Gastrointestinal TractRapid increase in the weight and length

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Gut Development - First 14 days

Fragile EcosystemCommunity of bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoa

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Gut Development – First 14 days

Gastrointestinal tract grows 4X faster than the BW during the 1st

2 wks of life

The maximum development of villi in the duodenum occurs at four days of age

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0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Duodenum

Jejunum

Ilium

Villus Development – Surface area

Days

Source: Dr. Collet

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Health & Performance

0250500750

100012501500175020002250250027503000

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43

Wei

gh

t (g

r)

Age (Days)

Good Gut Heath vs Poor Gut Health

Good Gut Health Poor Gut Health

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Stimulation of early feeding

Bigot, K; et al, 2003 Poultry Science 82:781–788

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Effect of feeding time on Eimeria Shedding

Prince, K.R. et al., Vet. Parasitol. 2015

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Crop fill

24hrs: > 95% of the crops should be full

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Management – Ventilation

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Litter Moisture

Coccidiosis

Roberto Soares


Coccidiosis“man made disease”

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Coccidiosis

No cocci problem – Ingestion of small amount of oocyst every day Build up strong immunity

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1st Cycle 2nd Cycle 3nd Cycle

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

Eimeria Life-Cycle

Increase in Immunity with repeated recycling

7 d7 d

7 d

E. acervulina = 400.000E. maxima = 72.000E. tenella = 58.000

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Management

Restricted brooding Area

0.5 Sq. ft. per bird for 11 days post-vaccination(litter moisture 25-35%)

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• Uniformly deliver of small amount of oocyst is critical for a good Intestinal health

Cocci Vaccines

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Vaccination


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

Recycling(re-infection)

Increase in Immunity with repeated recycling

7 d7 d

7 d

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

Vaccination and Life-Cycle

7 d7 d

7 d

Too high initial doses

Cocci or NE outbreak

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Take Home Message

Gut Health is fundamental to maximise performance and bird’s welfare

Management, Nutrition and Cocci control play a major role in the gut health

Coccidiosis Vaccination is a safe and efficacious but is fundamental:

- Uniform vaccination

- Manage Sporulation and Re-infection

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Gut Health“Chicken Walking a tightrope”

Health

Nutrition

Management

Environment

http://www.gettyimages.ca/detail/news-photo/chicken-walking-a-tightrope-

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Got a Good Gut!

got a good gut? -...

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