goldengate a live introduction - doag

PATRICK HURLEY

GOLDENGATE

A LIVE INTRODUCTION

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Copyright © 2017 Accenture All rights reserved 2

PATRICK HURLEY

GOLDENGATE

A LIVE INTRODUCTION

GoldenGate moves data:

Regular Data Movementbetween operational databasesdata warehouse/BI/reportingdata to/from:

flat filesJava message busesBig Data (Hadoop, Kafka etc.)

Upgrades/migrationszero/minimal downtime (depends on app)

HeterogeneousCloudBi-directional (if migrating can go back to original database)

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DR (should really be Data Guard)High Availability (should really be RAC)

1995: data replication, Tandem computers, banks (cashpoints/ATMs to mainframes)data integrity/zero data lossspeedheterogeneous2009: Oracle

Between many relational databases (Oracle, SQL Server, DB2, Teradata etc.) and other source/targets (Hadoop, Kafka, flat files etc.)

I'm showing how to do Oracle to Oracle

Structure• install• set up replication• key points about this type of replication

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Copyright © 2017 Accenture All rights reserved. | 4

CHECK FOR UNSUPPORTED FEATURES

select * from dba_goldengate_support_mode;

Classic Extract Scripts (also useful for Integrated Extract):

Individual schema: 1296168.1 (support.oracle.com)

Whole database: 1298562.1 (support.oracle.com)

select * from dba_goldengate_support_mode;

11.2.0.4 onwards

unsupported data types

tables with no primary or unique keys

unsupported data types (caveat: may be supported by Integrated Extract)

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PATCH ORACLE DATABASES

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PATCH ORACLE DATABASE SOFTWARE HOME

1557031.1 (support.oracle.com)

required and recommended

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DOWNLOAD GOLDENGATE

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DOWNLOAD GOLDENGATE

oracle.com/technetwork/middleware/goldengate:

123010_fbo_ggs_Linux_x64_shiphome.zip

Older version of GoldenGate for older databases (MOS, Certifications tab)

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INSTALL GOLDENGATE

easiest on same server and os user as databasecan be own server or app server

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INTERACTIVE INSTALLATION11G DATABASE

$ mkdir /u01/app/oracle/product/ggsycamore

$ unzip 123010_fbo_ggs_Linux_x64_shiphome.zip

$ cd fbo_ggs_Linux_x64_shiphome/Disk1

$ ./runInstaller

install previously unzip, now OUI (in inventory)

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$ cat /u01/app/oraInventory/ContentsXML/inventory.xml

<?xml version="1.0" standalone="yes" ?><INVENTORY><VERSION_INFO>

<SAVED_WITH>12.2.0.1.4</SAVED_WITH><MINIMUM_VER>2.1.0.6.0</MINIMUM_VER>

</VERSION_INFO><HOME_LIST><HOME NAME="OraDb11g_home1" LOC="/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1" TYPE="O" IDX="1"/><HOME NAME="OraHome1" LOC="/u01/app/oracle/product/ggsycamore" TYPE="O" IDX="2"/></HOME_LIST><COMPOSITEHOME_LIST></COMPOSITEHOME_LIST></INVENTORY>

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SILENT INSTALLATION12C DATABASE

$ mkdir /u01/app/oracle/product/ggpoplar

$ unzip 123010_fbo_ggs_Linux_x64_shiphome.zip

$ vi poplar.rsp

oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_ogginstall_response_schema_v12_1_2INSTALL_OPTION=ORA12cSOFTWARE_LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/product/ggpoplarSTART_MANAGER=trueMANAGER_PORT=7809DATABASE_LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventoryUNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall

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SILENT INSTALLATION12C DATABASE

$ fbo_ggs_Linux_x64_shiphome/Disk1/runInstaller -silent -nowait -responseFile ~/poplar.rsp

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PATCH GOLDENGATE

opatch for patches/PSUs

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PATCH GOLDENGATE


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PATCH GOLDENGATE


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CHECK AND PREPARE DATABASES

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PREPARE SOURCE DATABASE

SQL> select name, log_mode, supplemental_log_data_min, force_logging from v$database;

NAME LOG_MODE SUPPLEME FOR--------- ------------ -------- ---SKYLARK NOARCHIVELOG NO NO

SQL> shutdown immediate

SQL> startup mount

SQL> alter database archivelog;

SQL> alter database open;

archive log mode – in case of large lag/outage

Production database will usually already be in archive log mode

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PREPARE SOURCE DATABASE

SQL> alter database add supplemental log data;

SQL> alter database force logging;

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

SQL> select name, log_mode, supplemental_log_data_min, force_logging from v$database;

NAME LOG_MODE SUPPLEME FOR--------- ------------ -------- ---SKYLARK ARCHIVELOG YES YES

SQL> alter system set enable_goldengate_replication=true scope=both;

enable_goldengate_replication parameter available from Oracle 11.2.0.4 onwards

minimal database level logging (e.g. row-chaining information)

enable_goldengate_replication:

• 11.2.0.4 and above

• database services used by GoldenGate

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PREPARE TARGET DATABASE

SQL> select name, log_mode from v$database;

NAME LOG_MODE--------- ------------PENGUIN NOARCHIVELOG

SQL> shutdown immediate

SQL> startup mount

SQL> alter database archivelog;

SQL> alter database open;

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PREPARE TARGET DATABASE

SQL> select name, log_mode from v$database;

NAME LOG_MODE--------- ------------PENGUIN ARCHIVELOG

SQL> alter system set enable_goldengate_replication=true scope=both;

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CONFIGURE GOLDENGATE

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GOLDENGATE

HeterogeneousTarget (or Source) could be CloudNot database Data PumpClassic - heterogeneous; uses database log files (Oracle: redo) and SQLIntegrated - Oracle specific• connected database processes• supports more data types• Extract (11.2.0.3) and Replicat (11.2.0.4)• Streams

• deprecated• streams pool• Extract Capture• Replicat Apply

Integrated/non-integrated: can mix; can switch

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EXTRACT

redo data: reading redo logs (classic) or logminer (integrated)

trail files

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CONFIGURE EXTRACT

SQL> create tablespace ggate datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/SKYLARK/ggate01.dbf’size 20m autoextend on;

SQL> create user ggate identified by ggate default tablespace ggate;

SQL> grant create session, connect, resource, alter any table, alter system to ggate;

SQL> grant select any dictionary to ggate;

SQL> exec dbms_goldengate_auth.grant_admin_privilege('ggate','capture');

permissions depend on database version and type of capture:

DBA permission was needed for classic?

‘grant select any dictionary to ggate’ prevents:GoldenGate 12.2: ORA-00942 on startup of extract on sys.tab$GoldenGate 12.3: "OGG-10468 Could not find definition for SCOTT.BONUS. Error:

OCI Err" on add schematrandata scott

dbms_goldengate_auth.grant_admin_privilege('ggate','capture’) - integrated

more privileges needed for DDL support if 11.2.0.3 or earlier

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CONFIGURE EXTRACT

$ cd /u01/app/oracle/product/ggsycamore

$ ./ggsci

GGSCI (sycamore1) 1> dblogin userid ggate

GGSCI (sycamore1) 2> add schematrandata scott

2017-10-10 12:19:44 INFO OGG-01788 SCHEMATRANDATA has been added on schema "scott".2017-10-10 12:19:44 INFO OGG-01976 SCHEMATRANDATA for scheduling columns has been added on schema "scott".

GGSCI - GoldenGate Software Command Interpreter

supplemental logging of tables:

• whole schema, alternative is add trandata for individual tables

• main purpose is primary/unique key logging, so row can be found on

target database

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CONFIGURE EXTRACT

GGSCI (sycamore1) 3> edit params exscott

EXTRACT exscottUSERID ggate, PASSWORD ggateEXTTRAIL ./dirdat/aaTABLE scott.*;

GGSCI (sycamore1) 4> add extract exscott, integrated tranlog, begin now

GGSCI (sycamore1) 5> add exttrail ./dirdat/aa, extract exscott

GGSCI (sycamore1) 6> register extract exscott database

8 character names

Methods to avoid clear password (Wallet, credential store)

Trail files:

• default location ./dirdat

• 2 char prefix, 6 digitsRegister - integrated, e.g. if do not do this extract cannot connect to logminer (also classic - RMAN to keep archive logs)

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CONFIGURE EXTRACT

GGSCI (sycamore1) 7> start extract exscott

GGSCI (sycamore1) 8> info all

Program Status Group Lag at Chkpt Time Since ChkptMANAGER RUNNINGEXTRACT RUNNING EXSCOTT 00:00:00 00:01:25

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DATA PUMP

trail files, local to remote

may not use Data Pump:

• extract to replicat

• less resilient, data loss during an outage

collector on target

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CONFIGURE DATA PUMP

GGSCI (sycamore1) 9> edit params dpscott

EXTRACT dpscottPASSTHRURMTHOST poplar1.localdomain, mgrport 7809RMTTRAIL ./dirdat/bbTABLE scott.*;

GGSCI (sycamore1) 10> add extract dpscott, exttrailsource ./dirdat/aa

GGSCI (sycamore1) 11> add rmttrail ./dirdat/bb, extract dpscott

passthru - no transformations, so no source database for table definitions

needed

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CONFIGURE DATA PUMP

GGSCI (sycamore1) 12> start extract dpscott


Program Status Group Lag at Chkpt Time Since ChkptMANAGER RUNNINGEXTRACT RUNNING DPSCOTT 00:00:00 00:03:49EXTRACT RUNNING EXSCOTT 00:00:05 00:00:03

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INSTANTIATE TARGET DATABASE

Instantiation methods:

• GoldenGate initial load - not Oracle specific

• Oracle Database Data Pump

• RMAN (recovery, duplicate from backup or active database)

• Transportable Tablespaces

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On source database server:

SQL> select dbms_flashback.get_system_change_number from dual;

GET_SYSTEM_CHANGE_NUMBER------------------------

453114

$ vi scott_exp.par

dumpfile=scott.dmplogfile=scott_exp.logdirectory=exportsflashback_scn=453114schemas=scott

$ expdp system parfile=scott_exp.par

$ scp scott.dmp poplar1:

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On target database server:

$ vi scott_imp.par

dumpfile=scott.dmplogfile=scott_imp.logdirectory=exports

$ impdp system parfile=scott_imp.par

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REPLICAT

replicat to database: could be via OCI/SQL or connected processes

(integrated)

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CONFIGURE REPLICAT

SQL> create tablespace ggate datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PENGUIN/ggate01.dbf’size 20m autoextend on;

SQL> create user ggate identified by ggate default tablespace ggate;

SQL> grant create session, connect, resource, dba to ggate;

SQL> exec dbms_goldengate_auth.grant_admin_privilege('ggate’,’apply');

permissions depend on database version; DBA needed for DDL and sequence

support

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CONFIGURE REPLICAT

$ cd /u01/app/oracle/product/ggpoplar

$ ./ggsci

GGSCI (poplar1) 1> dblogin userid ggate

GGSCI (poplar1) 2> edit params rpscott

REPLICAT rpscottUSERID ggate, PASSWORD ggateASSUMETARGETDEFSMAP scott.*, TARGET scott.*;

GGSCI (poplar1) 3> add replicat rpscott integrated, exttrail ./dirdat/bb

ASSUMETARGETDEFS - source and target have identical column structure

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START REPLICAT

GGSCI (poplar1) 4> info all

Program Status Group Lag at Chkpt Time Since ChkptMANAGER RUNNINGREPLICAT STOPPED RPSCOTT 00:00:00 00:01:26

GGSCI (poplar1) 5> start replicat rpscott, aftercsn 453114

GGSCI (poplar1) 6> info all

Program Status Group Lag at Chkpt Time Since ChkptMANAGER RUNNINGREPLICAT RUNNING RPSCOTT 00:00:07 00:00:09

System Change Number - Commit Sequence Number

Capture starts from when it was registered, so need to start replicat after csn

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GOLDENGATE

Replication has been configured and is now running from source to target

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MONITOR GOLDENGATE STATUS

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EXTRACT STATUS

GGSCI (sycamore1) 1> info extract exscott

EXTRACT EXSCOTT Last Started 2017-10-10 12:23 Status RUNNINGCheckpoint Lag 00:00:03 (updated 00:00:03 ago)Process ID 19367Log Read Checkpoint Oracle Integrated Redo Logs

2017-10-10 15:31:23SCN 0.461602 (461602)

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EXTRACT STATUS

GGSCI (sycamore1) 2> info extract exscott, detail

EXTRACT EXSCOTT Last Started 2017-10-10 12:23 Status RUNNINGCheckpoint Lag 00:00:04 (updated 00:00:03 ago)Process ID 19367Log Read Checkpoint Oracle Integrated Redo Logs

2017-10-10 15:33:23SCN 0.461791 (461791)

Target Extract Trails:Trail Name Seqno RBA Max MB Trail Type./dirdat/aa 0 834639 500 EXTTRAIL

Integrated Extract outbound server first scn: 0.422356 (422356)Integrated Extract outbound server filtering start scn: 0.422356 (422356)

Extract Source Begin EndNot Available 2017-10-10 12:21 2017-10-10 15:33Not Available * Initialized * 2017-10-10 12:21Not Available * Initialized * 2017-10-10 12:21Not Available * Initialized * 2017-10-10 12:21

Current directory /u01/app/oracle/product/ggsycamore

Report file /u01/app/oracle/product/ggsycamore/dirrpt/EXSCOTT.rptParameter file /u01/app/oracle/product/ggsycamore/dirprm/exscott.prmCheckpoint file /u01/app/oracle/product/ggsycamore/dirchk/EXSCOTT.cpeProcess file /u01/app/oracle/product/ggsycamore/dirpcs/EXSCOTT.pceError log /u01/app/oracle/product/ggsycamore/ggserr.log

Relative Byte Address (RBA) - position in the trail file

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DATA PUMP STATUS

GGSCI (sycamore1) 3> info extract dpscott

EXTRACT DPSCOTT Last Started 2017-10-10 12:43 Status RUNNINGCheckpoint Lag 00:00:00 (updated 00:00:05 ago)Process ID 20520Log Read Checkpoint File /u01/app/oracle/product/ggsycamore/dirdat/aa000000000

2017-10-10 15:36:50.000000 RBA 849812

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DATA PUMP STATUS

GGSCI (sycamore1) 4> info extract dpscott, detail

EXTRACT DPSCOTT Last Started 2017-10-10 12:43 Status RUNNINGCheckpoint Lag 00:00:00 (updated 00:00:06 ago)Process ID 20520Log Read Checkpoint File /u01/app/oracle/product/ggsycamore/dirdat/aa000000000

2017-10-10 15:38:30.000000 RBA 857065Target Extract Trails:Trail Name Seqno RBA Max MB Trail Type./dirdat/bb 0 857143 500 RMTTRAIL

Extract Source Begin End/u01/app/oracle/product/ggsycamore/dirdat/aa000000000 * Initialized * 2017-10-10 15:38/u01/app/oracle/product/ggsycamore/dirdat/aa000000000 * Initialized * First Record ./dirdat/aa000000000 * Initialized * First Record

Current directory /u01/app/oracle/product/ggsycamore

Report file /u01/app/oracle/product/ggsycamore/dirrpt/DPSCOTT.rptParameter file /u01/app/oracle/product/ggsycamore/dirprm/dpscott.prmCheckpoint file /u01/app/oracle/product/ggsycamore/dirchk/DPSCOTT.cpeProcess file /u01/app/oracle/product/ggsycamore/dirpcs/DPSCOTT.pceError log /u01/app/oracle/product/ggsycamore/ggserr.log

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TRAIL FILE STATUS

GGSCI (sycamore1) 5> info exttrail *

Extract Trail: ./dirdat/bbSeqno Length: 9

Flip Seqno Length: noExtract: DPSCOTTSeqno: 0RBA: 871868

File Size: 500M

Extract Trail: ./dirdat/aaSeqno Length: 9

Flip Seqno Length: noExtract: EXSCOTTSeqno: 0RBA: 872230

File Size: 500M

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STATISTICS FOR EXTRACT

GGSCI (sycamore1) 6> stats extract exscott

Sending STATS request to EXTRACT EXSCOTT ...Start of Statistics at 2017-10-10 15:43:53.Output to ./dirdat/aa:Extracting from SCOTT.PRODUCT to SCOTT.PRODUCT:*** Total statistics since 2017-10-10 12:23:57 ***

Total inserts 0.00Total updates 3997.00Total deletes 0.00Total discards 0.00Total operations 3997.00

*** Daily statistics since 2017-10-10 12:23:57 ***Total inserts 0.00Total updates 3997.00Total deletes 0.00Total discards 0.00Total operations 3997.00

*** Hourly statistics since 2017-10-10 15:00:00 ***Total inserts 0.00Total updates 877.00Total deletes 0.00Total discards 0.00Total operations 877.00

*** Latest statistics since 2017-10-10 12:23:57 ***Total inserts 0.00Total updates 3997.00Total deletes 0.00Total discards 0.00Total operations 3997.00

End of Statistics.

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REPORT FOR EXTRACTGGSCI (sycamore1) 7> view report exscott

***********************************************************************Oracle GoldenGate Capture for Oracle

Version 12.3.0.1.0 OGGCORE_12.3.0.1.0_PLATFORMS_170721.0154_FBOLinux, x64, 64bit (optimized), Oracle 11g on Jul 21 2017 20:34:23

Copyright (C) 1995, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Starting at 2017-10-10 12:22:53

***********************************************************************

Operating System Version:LinuxVersion #2 SMP Fri Oct 21 14:23:10 PDT 2016, Release 4.1.12-61.1.16.el6uek.x86_64Node: sycamore1.localdomainMachine: x86_64

soft limit hard limitAddress Space Size : unlimited unlimitedHeap Size : unlimited unlimitedFile Size : unlimited unlimitedCPU Time : unlimited unlimited

………

************************************************************************* Run Time Messages *************************************************************************2017-10-10 12:23:21 INFO OGG-03522 Setting session time zone to source database time zone 'GMT'.2017-10-10 12:23:56 INFO OGG-06508 Wildcard MAP (TABLE) resolved (entry scott.*): TABLE "SCOTT"."PRODUCT".2017-10-10 12:23:57 INFO OGG-06509 Using the following key columns for source table SCOTT.PRODUCT: PRD_ID.2017-10-10 12:23:57 INFO OGG-06508 Wildcard MAP (TABLE) resolved (entry scott.*): TABLE "SCOTT"."PRODUCT".2017-10-10 12:23:57 INFO OGG-06509 Using the following key columns for source table SCOTT.PRODUCT: PRD_ID.2017-10-10 15:43:53 INFO OGG-01021 Command received from GGSCI: STATS.

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REPLICAT STATUS

GGSCI (poplar1) 1> info replicat rpscott

REPLICAT RPSCOTT Last Started 2017-10-10 15:23 Status RUNNINGINTEGRATEDCheckpoint Lag 00:00:09 (updated 00:00:10 ago)Process ID 31073Log Read Checkpoint File /u01/app/oracle/product/ggpoplar/dirdat/bb000000000

2017-10-10 16:19:11.680713 RBA 1041343

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REPLICAT STATUS

GGSCI (poplar1) 2> info replicat rpscott, detail

REPLICAT RPSCOTT Last Started 2017-10-10 15:23 Status RUNNINGINTEGRATEDCheckpoint Lag 00:00:00 (updated 00:00:06 ago)Process ID 31073Log Read Checkpoint File /u01/app/oracle/product/ggpoplar/dirdat/bb000000000

2017-10-10 16:20:49.641431 RBA 1049261INTEGRATED ReplicatDBLOGIN Provided, inbound server name is OGG$RPSCOTT in ATTACHED state

Current Log BSN value: (no data)Low Watermark CSN value: 467372(All source transactions prior to this scn have been applied)High Watermark CSN value: 467374(Some source transactions between this scn and the low watermark may have been applied)

Extract Source Begin End/u01/app/oracle/product/ggpoplar/dirdat/bb000000000 * Initialized * 2017-10-10 16:20/u01/app/oracle/product/ggpoplar/dirdat/bb000000000 * Initialized * First Record./dirdat/bb000000000 * Initialized * First Record

Current directory /u01/app/oracle/product/ggpoplarReport file /u01/app/oracle/product/ggpoplar/dirrpt/RPSCOTT.rptParameter file /u01/app/oracle/product/ggpoplar/dirprm/rpscott.prmCheckpoint file /u01/app/oracle/product/ggpoplar/dirchk/RPSCOTT.cprProcess file /u01/app/oracle/product/ggpoplar/dirpcs/RPSCOTT.pcrError log /u01/app/oracle/product/ggpoplar/ggserr.log

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REPLICAT LAG

GGSCI (poplar1) 3> lag replicat rpscott

Sending GETLAG request to REPLICAT RPSCOTT ...Last record lag 4 seconds.Low watermark lag: 8.High watermark lag: 5.Low watermark position: 468156.High watermark position: 468158.At EOF, no more records to process

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STOP AND START AN EXTRACT OR REPLICAT

GGSCI (sycamore1) 8> stop extract exscott

Sending STOP request to EXTRACT EXSCOTT ...Request processed.


Program Status Group Lag at Chkpt Time Since ChkptMANAGER RUNNINGEXTRACT RUNNING DPSCOTT 00:00:00 00:00:01EXTRACT STOPPED EXSCOTT 00:00:02 00:00:07

GGSCI (sycamore1) 10> start extract exscott

Sending START request to MANAGER ...EXTRACT EXSCOTT starting

Log file:

/u01/app/oracle/product/ggsycamore/ggserr.log

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ORACLE DATABASE DICTIONARY VIEWS

Source Database:

SQL> select * from dba_capture;

Target Database:

SQL> select * from dba_apply;

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HEALTH CHECK FOR INTEGRATED EXTRACT AND REPLICAT


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LOGICAL REPLICATION

Logical not Physical Replication (cf. Physical Data Guard or storage replication), where do not need to worry about contentsSQL not blocksThat's how it can:• cross database type• cross platform• cross endian• character set conversion• subset of database/tables• subset of rows: filtering on source (capture) or target (apply)• transform

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ALTERNATIVE LOGICAL REPLICATION PRODUCTS

also streams

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LOGICAL REPLICATION

Some data types are not supported

Must be able to uniquely identify a row

Set based operations become row-by-row operations

blog.dbvisit.com/3-fundamentals-of-oracle-replication-part-1-of-3

Uniquely identify:

• PK/UK, otherwise concatenates all columns - may or may not guarantee

uniqueness, or KEYCOLS

• hence extra supplemental logging - PK/UK data into the redo logs

Set based row-by-row:

• Redo: block changes, not SQL

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SET BASED OPERATIONS BECOME ROW-BY-ROW OPERATIONS

Execute a multiple row update statement on source database:

SQL> update scott.emp set hiredate = sysdate;

14 rows updated.

Statement uses table access full:---------------------------------------------------------------------------| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time |---------------------------------------------------------------------------| 0 | UPDATE STATEMENT | | | | 3 (100)| || 1 | UPDATE | EMP | | | | || 2 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| EMP | 14 | 168 | 3 (0)| 00:00:01 |---------------------------------------------------------------------------

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SET BASED OPERATIONS BECOME ROW-BY-ROW OPERATIONS

On target database GoldenGate Replicat executes statement below, many times:

UPDATE /*+ restrict_all_ref_cons */ "SCOTT"."EMP" SET "HIREDATE"=:1 WHERE "EMPNO"=:2

Statement uses index access:------------------------------------------------------------------| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| ------------------------------------------------------------------| 0 | UPDATE STATEMENT | | | | 1 (100)| | 1 | UPDATE | EMP | | | | |* 2 | INDEX UNIQUE SCAN| PK_EMP | 1 | 12 | 0 (0)| ------------------------------------------------------------------

Predicate Information (identified by operation id): ---------------------------------------------------

2 - access("EMPNO"=:2)

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PATRICK HURLEY

GOLDENGATE

A LIVE INTRODUCTION

Covered• install• set up replication• had to discard more content than I have included:

• filtering (table or row)• handling replication errors• parallelism (performance)

• key points about logical replication

Whet appetite, get started

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ORACLE GOLDENGATE 12C IMPLEMENTER’S GUIDE

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bit.ly/ggateintro

@phurley

[email protected]

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goldengate a live introduction - doag

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