Goat R&D and Technology

Transfer in Central Luzon: Its

Socio-Economic Contributions

to Farm Household

MEM Orden,

NdR Carbonel,

FL Porciuncula,

EM Valiente

EA Orden

Central Luzon ranks 5th

in goat production

High potential to increase its rank and

contribution to goat production

presence of supply-inducing factors

• increasing number of raisers

• availability of feed resources

• presence of R & D institutions working on

goat as source of technologies and quality

breeders

strategic venue for sustainable goat farming

due to proximity to Metro Manila

Rationale

Geographic distribution of

goat by inventory

Central Luzon (Region III)

ranks 5 in goat inventory

The National Goat S&T Program

National R&D Programs on Goats

Regional R&D Programs on Goats

Goat FarmPerformance

Program

Developmentof Herbal

Drugs Project

REDProgram

CVARRD(AI & ChevonProcessing)

CLARRDEC(Feed resources

& technologyTransfer)

Halal Goat

Program

AlternativeTechnology

Options

Other goat-focused programs

SupplyChain

ImpactAssess.

Enhancingdemand for ANFR

grads thru S&T

STBF-goat

ISP Targets 2020i preweaning mortality 25 –10 %h slaughter weight 15 –30kgh natural conception rate 80 –95 %

FLS-IGM

E-learning

Private sector-led programs

Goat congresses

Goat shows

Breederimportation

Meat cut fabrication

IEC, CIN

Development and Testing of pelletized TMR for goats

ToT FLS-IGM in Central Luzon

Nat’l Goat Farm Performance Project

Dev’t of Herbal Anthelminthics

Alternative Tech Options

RED Project

Dev’t of HalalGoat Prod’nModels

Decreasedpre-weaning

mortality(25 to10%)

Decreasedkiddinginterval( 9 to 8 mo)

Increasedslaughterweight(15 to30 kg)

Increasedconceptionrate(80 to 95%)

Stable supply of quality breeders

Highly uniform slaughter goats

Reg’l R & D

Projects

Nat’l Program

ComponentsISP Targets

2020Nat’l Goals

CLARRDEC Springboard of Goat-Researchable Projects for ‘08-’10

Improved prod’n tech

Efficient recording system

Efficient marketing strategies

Responsive regulatory policies

Effective communication strategies

S&T Enhancement

Needed

Development of Forage Production Modules for Goats

Tech’l Transfer in Goat: Its Socio-economic Contributions to Farm Household

The research was conducted in Central

Luzon to determine:

the R & D programs implemented

to increase productivity

the cost of goat R & D

outputs in R & D

the process of technology transfer

adoption of technologies

effects to goat farming and rural

households of technology adoption

Methodology

Primary and secondary data

KII

Trained and non-trained raisers as

respondents

Provinces: Nueva Ecija, Tarlac,

Zambales, Aurora

Qualitative and quantitative analysis

Regression analysis for technology

adoption

Significant

findings

7 government institutions on

goat R&D in Central Luzon

State Colleges and Universities (6)

Aurora State College of Technology (ASCOT)

Bulacan Agricultural State College (BASC)

Central Luzon State University (CLSU)

Pampanga Agricultural College (PAC)

Ramon Magsaysay Technological University

(RMTU)

Tarlac College of Agriculture (TCA)

Government Agency (1)

Department of Agriculture-Regional Field

Office Region 3 (DA-RFU3)

Public investment on goat

R&D(1992-2009)

Php

million

US$

million

Total R&D budget 44.9 1.03

Yearly R&D budget 5.15 0.12

Sources of funds

PCARRD

23%

DA &

attached

agencies

34%

International

agencies

8%

Congressio

nal funds

6%

Provl &

LGUs

5%

Agency

fund

18%

Others

6%

Source Amount

(Php mil)

DA & attached

agencies 14.88

PCAARRD 10.14

Agency fund 8.15

International

agencies 3.46

Congressional

funds 2.82

Provl & LGUs 2.39

Others 2.65

TOTAL 44.49

Research

51%

Development

27%

Production

16%

Facility

improvement

5%

Human

resource

development

1%

Budget share of R & D and support services, Central Luzon, 1999-2009

Proportion of R & D by field conducted by various institutions, Central Luzon, 1999-2009

Research: 67%

Feeds/Nutrition

Genetic improvement

Health & diseases

Socio-econ

Biotech

Development: 33%

Developme

nt

33%

Feeds and

nutrition

27%

Genetic

improveme

nt

19%

Health and

diseases

12%

Socio-

economics

6%

Biotechnol

ogy 3%

R&D outputs

Technological options on goat to increase farm

productivity

Field Technologies

Genetic improvement Upgrading technology (Anglo & Boer Crosses)

Three-way cross breeding (TWC)

Biotechnology Multiple embryo ovulation technique (MOET)

Artificial insemination (AI)

Feeds and feeding Silage production, legume strata production

Multipurpose tree legumes (MPTS) as feeds

Grass-legume combination feeding

Soluble glass mineral bolus (SGB)

Urea- treated rice straw (UTRS)

Medicated urea-molasses mineral block (MUMMB)

Production system Housing design

Pure confinement and rapid rotational grazing

Integrated farming Goat-rice, goat-mango, goat-fish farming

Native (100 %)Native (50%):

Anglo-Nubian (50%)

Native (25%):

Anglo-Nubian (75%)

Upgrading native goats

Complete confinement/

stall feeding and housing

Sesbania Moringa Leucaena

Acacia

Use of legume fodder with Anthelmintic Properties

Gliricidia

Use of Medicated Urea- Molasses Mineral Block

MUMMB

Techno-transfer

process

on goat

Technology

Dissemination

● CLSU ● PAC

● TCA ● RMTU

● BASC ● ASCOT

● DA-RFU III

● Other agencies as

collaborators &

funding sources

Technology

Adoption

● Backyard raisers

● Commercial raisers

Technology

Verification

● CLSU

- On-farm

- Pilot testing

- PTD (CASREN/RED)

● Other agencies as

collaborators &

funding sources

Technology

Generation

● CLSU

● Other agencies as

collaborators &

funding sources

Environment

●Political/Formal

Organization Support

●Physical Facilities

●Economic

●Support Services

●Manpower

What are depicted in the model???

1. Formal in structure

2. Complementation

3. Presence of enabling environment

4. Use of different modalities

Modalities of techno-transfer

trainings and seminars

field days & demo-farms

buck loan and dispersal

educational trips

formation of goat raisers

associations

tri-media and other mass

media-based channels

Techno-transfer

process on goat

(Training)

Where did it

lead to???

Tech Adoption

& Socio-Econ

Benefits

“Pasuga-suga”

“Goat-negosyo”

Number of goat raisers and location to

determine tech adoption and benefits

Province Trained Not Trained

Nueva Ecija 35 35

Zambales 25 24

Tarlac 18 13

Aurora 11 11

TOTAL 89 83

Adoption of technological options

Differential adoption of technologies by those trained

and non-trained

more trained raisers adopted the different

technologies

mean number of technologies adopted was 4 for

trained and 3 for non-trained

technologies with resource base available in the

villages have higher adoption; use of

MPTS, housing, upgrading, others

regression analysis proved that training along

with other factors (ownership of pasture, initial

capital investment, initial inventory, and

household size) is important in increasing level of

adoption

Adoption of technological options

Analysis of adoption pathways

short time lag from time of hearing, trying and adopting

the technologies

the proportion of raisers who have heard, tried and

adopted some technologies are relatively the same

low proportion of raisers who discontinued adopting

some technologies

020406080

100

Per

cen

tage

Partial Confinement

Heard

Tried

Adopt

Discontinued0

20406080

100

Per

cen

tage

Supplementation

Heard

Tried

Adopt

Discontinued

020406080

100

Per

cen

tage

Health Management

Heard

Tried

Adopt

Discontinued

0102030405060

Per

cen

tage

Genetic Improvement

Heard

Tried

Adopt

Discontinued0

204060

80100

Per

cen

tage

Waste Management

Heard

Tried

Adopt

Discontinued

ADOPTION PATHWAYS

Technology Mixes Adopted by Goat Raisers

HOUSING (100%)

UPGRADING (100%)

STALL FEEDING (100%)

+

+

+

Use of MPTS (63%)

Bigger goatMore productiveHigher income

UMMB (54%) Forage prod’n (45%)

Deworming (90%)

Reasons

for

adoption

Prevent diseases

and mortality

- Partial confinement (71%)

- Chemical drenches (78%)

- Anthelmintic (51%)

- Control breeding (27%)

Source of

fertilizer

- Manure as organic (74%)

Improve feed

intake

- UMMB (3%)

- Salt (80%)

Increased

productivity

- Upgrading (47%)

- Selection (39%)

Better

nutrition

- MPTS (70%)

- Concentrates (22%)

Effects of Technology

Adoption

Effects of Technology Adoption

1. Increased inventory

2. Increased proportion of better quality stocks

Trained Control Trained Control Trained Control Trained Control

Nueva Ecija Zambales Tarlac Aurora

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

Pure

Crossbreed

Upgraded

Native

C

C

C

C C

C

C

CI

II

I

II

I

I

Effects of Technology Adoption

3. Increased productivity

Production of bigger animals

(15 kg vs 13 kg) at 7 months of age

4. Increased income

Higher price

(Php 1,786 vs Php 1,500 per head)

More fatteners sold due to increased inventory

(6 head vs 4 head)

Higher net cash income in 2008 of trained raisers

(Php 8,900 vs Php 5,000)

Summary,

Conclusions and

Recommendations

1. Significant amounts of public funds was

spent on goat R & D

2. R&D outputs were the technologies on

goats

3. Training, the most important technology

transfer modality

4. Trained farmers had higher technology

adoption

5. Higher productivity among trained farmers

Summary and Conclusions

Government institutions to

enhance technology adoption

Reach out more goat raisers thru trainings

and other extension modalities in

coordination with Local Government Units

(LGUs) and the Agricultural Training

Institute (ATI)

Selective dissemination of technologies

depending on clienteles resources and

needs

Recommendation

More information dissemination on

technologies with resource-base available in

the locality

Utilize further existing Farmers Information

Technology (FITs) Centers and Farmer

Scientists in technology transfer;

establishment of the same in other goat

producing areas that are least reached by R

and D institutions and LGUs

Thank you!!!