globe metadata analysis
DESCRIPTION
Large-scale analysis of the Learning Object MetdTRANSCRIPT
On the use of Learning Object Metadata
the GLOBE experience
Xavier Ochoa, ESPOLJoris Klerkx, KULeuvenBram Vandeputte, KULeuvenErik Duval, KULeuven
http://www.slideshare.net/xaoch
LOM is known and widely used
But its real use is not known
How much space 1000 LOM instances will take?
What are the most used elements of LOM?
Is it really a “standard”?
Has it been extended as designed?
Is it better than Dublin Core for Educational Resources?
What is the information stored in real instances?
We need: Large-Scale, Real-World, Heterogeneous
We select: GLOBE
GLOBE
http://www.globe-info.org/
Large-Scale: 630.000+ instances
Real-World: being used and created
Heterogeneous: 7 networks of LORs4 continents
Results
The interesting stuff
Size
Size
≈ 5 Kb
LOM Elements Use
What parts of LOM are used anyway?
TitleIdentifierLanguage
DescriptionKeyword
LearningObjectKindStructure
AggregationLevelCoverage
Contribute.RoleContribute.Entity
Contribute.DateStatus
VersionIdentifier
Contribute.RoleContribute.Entity
Contribute.DateLanguage
MetadataSchemaLocation
FormatRequirement
SizeDuration
Requirement.OrCompositeLearningResourceType
TypicalAgeRangeIntendedEndUser
ContextInteractivityTypeInteractivityLevel
LanguageDifficulty
CopyrightCost
DescriptionKind
Resource.IdentifierResource.Description
TaxonPathPurpose
Taxon
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
TitleIdentifierLanguage
DescriptionKeyword
LearningObjectKindStructure
AggregationLevelCoverage
Contribute.RoleContribute.Entity
Contribute.DateStatus
VersionIdentifier
Contribute.RoleContribute.Entity
Contribute.DateLanguage
MetadataSchemaLocation
FormatRequirement
SizeDuration
Requirement.OrCompositeLearningResourceType
TypicalAgeRangeIntendedEndUser
ContextInteractivityTypeInteractivityLevel
LanguageDifficulty
CopyrightCost
DescriptionKind
Resource.IdentifierResource.Description
TaxonPathPurpose
Taxon
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
G.TitleG.IdentifierG.LanguageG.DescriptionG.KeywordL.ContributionRoleL.ContirubtionEntityM.IdentifierM.ContributorRoleM.ContributorEntityM.ContributorDateT.LocationT.FormatE.LearningResourceTypeR.CopyrightR.CostR.DescriptionC.TaxonPathC.PurposeC.Taxon
G.TitleG.IdentifierG.LanguageG.DescriptionG.KeywordL.ContributionRoleL.ContirubtionEntityM.IdentifierM.ContributorRoleM.ContributorEntityM.ContributorDateT.LocationT.FormatE.LearningResourceTypeR.CopyrightR.CostR.DescriptionC.TaxonPathC.PurposeC.Taxon
CreatorIdentifierTitleDateTypeSubjectDescription
LOM
DC
G.TitleG.IdentifierG.LanguageG.DescriptionG.KeywordL.ContributionRoleL.ContirubtionEntityM.IdentifierM.ContributorRoleM.ContributorEntityM.ContributorDateT.LocationT.FormatE.LearningResourceTypeR.CopyrightR.CostR.DescriptionC.TaxonPathC.PurposeC.Taxon
CreatorIdentifierTitleDateTypeSubjectDescription
LOM
DC
LOM uses 20 out of 50 elements
But captures more information than DC
Educational Section
4 out of 11 Educational elements
Community dependent
LOM Vocabulary Usage
What is stored on LOM?
Educational.Context
Right.Cost
Rights.Copyrights
If you too want to play...
http://is.gd/globemetadata
LOM Extensions
What LOM forgot…
Only 3 additions:
• General – Learning Object Kind (MACE) – 30.000 Instances
• Technical – Geolocation (MACE)– 7.000 Instances
• General – Subtitle (KERIS)– 5.000 Instances
There is little need of extension
Nobody wants more electronic fields!
LOM XMLValidation Analysis
Is it an interoperability standard?
LOM validation
Most common errors (loose)
LOM XML loose is widely implemented
LOM XML strict is not
Good structural interoperability
Although the value space is not clear
vCard causes 68% errors
LOM developers hate vCard
LOM Metadata Quality Analysis
Those pesky indexers…
Diversity of Vocabulary usage
Diversity of Vocabulary usage
Diversity of Vocabulary usage
Quality of Textual Descriptions
Quality of Textual Descriptions
Quality of Textual Descriptions
Quality of Textual Descriptions
There must be a QA process
That is true for bothautomatic and manual metadata
Conclusion of the Conclusions
This kind of studies should be made an integral part of the
development of LOM(or any other metadata standard)
(or any other Learning technology)
Want the data?Want the code?
https://sites.google.com/site/globemetadata/
Gracias / Thank you / Grazie
Xavier [email protected]://ariadne.cti.espol.edu.ec/xavierTwitter: @xaoch