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Alfred Hartemink (on behalf of the global consortium) ISRIC – World Soil Information Wageningen GlobalSoilMap.net GlobalSoilMap.net a new digital soil map of the world a new digital soil map of the world

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Page 1: GlobalSoilMap - EuropaActivities in the node –Oceania Good connections Australia – Indonesia – New Zealand Neil McKenzie, Mike Grundy, Peter Wilson, David Jacquier, Budi Minasny,

Alfred Hartemink

(on behalf of the global consortium)

ISRIC – World Soil Information

Wageningen

GlobalSoilMap.net GlobalSoilMap.net a new digital soil map of the worlda new digital soil map of the world

Page 2: GlobalSoilMap - EuropaActivities in the node –Oceania Good connections Australia – Indonesia – New Zealand Neil McKenzie, Mike Grundy, Peter Wilson, David Jacquier, Budi Minasny,

The use of soil informationThe use of soil information

Page 3: GlobalSoilMap - EuropaActivities in the node –Oceania Good connections Australia – Indonesia – New Zealand Neil McKenzie, Mike Grundy, Peter Wilson, David Jacquier, Budi Minasny,

GlobalSoilMap.netGlobalSoilMap.net

A digital soil map of the worldA digital soil map of the world

Page 4: GlobalSoilMap - EuropaActivities in the node –Oceania Good connections Australia – Indonesia – New Zealand Neil McKenzie, Mike Grundy, Peter Wilson, David Jacquier, Budi Minasny,

Aspect 1 Aspect 1 ––

Capture and Capture and CapitaliseCapitalise

Soil mapsSoil maps Soil samplesSoil samples

Reports, literatureReports, literature Soil data and informationSoil data and information

Page 5: GlobalSoilMap - EuropaActivities in the node –Oceania Good connections Australia – Indonesia – New Zealand Neil McKenzie, Mike Grundy, Peter Wilson, David Jacquier, Budi Minasny,
Page 6: GlobalSoilMap - EuropaActivities in the node –Oceania Good connections Australia – Indonesia – New Zealand Neil McKenzie, Mike Grundy, Peter Wilson, David Jacquier, Budi Minasny,

Aspect 2 Aspect 2 ––

Soil propertiesSoil properties

(not yet classes)(not yet classes)

Key properties

1. Organic Carbon (g/kg)

2. Sand

(%), Silt

(%), Clay

(%) & coarse fragments

(%)

3. pH

4. Depth

to bedrock or restricting layer (m)

From these attributes, the following two properties 

will be predicted using pedo‐transfer functions:

5. Bulk Density

(kg/m3)

6. Available Water Capacity

(given in mm/m)

Optional:

7. ECEC

(Cations plus exchangeable acidity mol/kg)

8. EC

(Electrical conductivity dS/m)

0 ‐

5 cm

5 – 15 cm

15 – 30 cm

30 – 60 cm

60‐100 cm

100‐200 cm

Effective depth

Page 7: GlobalSoilMap - EuropaActivities in the node –Oceania Good connections Australia – Indonesia – New Zealand Neil McKenzie, Mike Grundy, Peter Wilson, David Jacquier, Budi Minasny,

Aspect 3 Aspect 3 ––

Showing UncertaintiesShowing UncertaintiesAWC (mm)

10- 1111 - 1212 - 1313 - 1414 - 1515 - 1616 - 1717 - 1818 - 19> 19

Standard errors

0.00 - 0.25

0.25 - 0.50

0.50 - 0.75

0.75 - 1.00

1.00 - 1.50

1.50 - 2.00

2.00 - 2.50

2.50 - 3.00

3.00 - 4.00

> 4.00

Page 8: GlobalSoilMap - EuropaActivities in the node –Oceania Good connections Australia – Indonesia – New Zealand Neil McKenzie, Mike Grundy, Peter Wilson, David Jacquier, Budi Minasny,

Variability of OC at selected across the Edgeroi study area. 

0‐5cm

Lower 

prediction 

limit

30‐60cm

60‐100cm

Upper 

prediction 

limit

DSM 

prediction

Page 9: GlobalSoilMap - EuropaActivities in the node –Oceania Good connections Australia – Indonesia – New Zealand Neil McKenzie, Mike Grundy, Peter Wilson, David Jacquier, Budi Minasny,

Aspect 4 Aspect 4 ––

Fine resolution grid 90 by 90 mFine resolution grid 90 by 90 m

From the polygon to the grid

Page 10: GlobalSoilMap - EuropaActivities in the node –Oceania Good connections Australia – Indonesia – New Zealand Neil McKenzie, Mike Grundy, Peter Wilson, David Jacquier, Budi Minasny,

0 ‐

5 cm

5 – 15 cm

15 – 30 cm

30 – 60 cm

60‐100 cm

100‐200 cm

Effective depth

Aspect 4 Aspect 4 ––

Fine resolution grid 90 by 90 mFine resolution grid 90 by 90 m

Page 11: GlobalSoilMap - EuropaActivities in the node –Oceania Good connections Australia – Indonesia – New Zealand Neil McKenzie, Mike Grundy, Peter Wilson, David Jacquier, Budi Minasny,

Which soil data are available?

Detailed soil mapswith legends

-Spatially weighted mean-Spatial disaggregation

Extrapolation fromreference areasSpatially weighted mean

Full Cover? Homosoil

Detailed soil maps with legendsand Soil Point data

Soil Point data Almost no data

NoYes

scorpankriging

Soil maps:-Spatially weighted mean-Spatial disaggregationSoil data:- scorpan kriging

Extrapolation fromreference areas:-Soil maps-Soil point data

Full Cover?

No Yes

Assign quality of soil data and coverage in the covariate space

Time

Initially a legacy based approach

Page 12: GlobalSoilMap - EuropaActivities in the node –Oceania Good connections Australia – Indonesia – New Zealand Neil McKenzie, Mike Grundy, Peter Wilson, David Jacquier, Budi Minasny,

PredictionsPredictions

Lithology

Soil

observations or 

maps

with

legends

DEM

Climate

Existing

Soil

maps

scorpan

layers

Landcover

Sp

= f

(s,c,o,r,p,a,n) + e

f

Linear

regression,

Regression

trees,

Random

forests,

Neural networks,Expert systemEtc.. 

Krige

residuals

(e)

Inferred

property

e.g., 

AWC

pH

CEC

Organic

C

Bulk

density

Clay

Sand

Page 13: GlobalSoilMap - EuropaActivities in the node –Oceania Good connections Australia – Indonesia – New Zealand Neil McKenzie, Mike Grundy, Peter Wilson, David Jacquier, Budi Minasny,

‘Modal’

profile

Fit mass‐

preserving 

spline

Spline 

averages at 

specified 

depth

ranges

Estimate averages 

for spline at 

standardised

depth 

ranges

Fitted Spline

The spline

Page 14: GlobalSoilMap - EuropaActivities in the node –Oceania Good connections Australia – Indonesia – New Zealand Neil McKenzie, Mike Grundy, Peter Wilson, David Jacquier, Budi Minasny,

layer Soil C prediction 

0‐5 cm 5‐15 cm 15‐30 cm

30‐60 cm 60‐100 cm 100‐200 cm

Page 15: GlobalSoilMap - EuropaActivities in the node –Oceania Good connections Australia – Indonesia – New Zealand Neil McKenzie, Mike Grundy, Peter Wilson, David Jacquier, Budi Minasny,

Reconstruct splines at every pixel

Carbon (%) 0-5cmHigh : 6.5 Low : 0.8

1

32

Page 16: GlobalSoilMap - EuropaActivities in the node –Oceania Good connections Australia – Indonesia – New Zealand Neil McKenzie, Mike Grundy, Peter Wilson, David Jacquier, Budi Minasny,

11 task groups1.Specifications

2. Soil profile and map legacy data 

3. Covariates

4. New Prediction Method Development 

5. Application & Documentation of Existing Methods 

6. Soil Information Model 

7. Cyber‐Infrastructure 

8. End‐user Engagement 

9. Uncertainty and Accuracy 

10. Operational production mapping 

11. Global stratification (pedoecophysiographic)

Page 17: GlobalSoilMap - EuropaActivities in the node –Oceania Good connections Australia – Indonesia – New Zealand Neil McKenzie, Mike Grundy, Peter Wilson, David Jacquier, Budi Minasny,

Aspect 5 Aspect 5 ––

ItIt’’s a global projects a global project

North America

LatinAmerica/Caribbean

Eurasia

Africa

East Asia

Oceania

SouthAsia

North Africa/West Asia

Jordan

Page 18: GlobalSoilMap - EuropaActivities in the node –Oceania Good connections Australia – Indonesia – New Zealand Neil McKenzie, Mike Grundy, Peter Wilson, David Jacquier, Budi Minasny,

Start up in December 2006Start up in December 2006

Page 19: GlobalSoilMap - EuropaActivities in the node –Oceania Good connections Australia – Indonesia – New Zealand Neil McKenzie, Mike Grundy, Peter Wilson, David Jacquier, Budi Minasny,

The African launchThe African launch

1313thth

Jan 2009Jan 2009

Page 20: GlobalSoilMap - EuropaActivities in the node –Oceania Good connections Australia – Indonesia – New Zealand Neil McKenzie, Mike Grundy, Peter Wilson, David Jacquier, Budi Minasny,

The Global launch

17th

Feb 2009

"Let there be no mistake 

about the significance of 

this wonderful project"

Kofi Annan 

"Soil mapping is one of the 

pillars to the challenge of 

sustainable development"

Jeffrey Sachs

Page 21: GlobalSoilMap - EuropaActivities in the node –Oceania Good connections Australia – Indonesia – New Zealand Neil McKenzie, Mike Grundy, Peter Wilson, David Jacquier, Budi Minasny,
Page 22: GlobalSoilMap - EuropaActivities in the node –Oceania Good connections Australia – Indonesia – New Zealand Neil McKenzie, Mike Grundy, Peter Wilson, David Jacquier, Budi Minasny,
Page 23: GlobalSoilMap - EuropaActivities in the node –Oceania Good connections Australia – Indonesia – New Zealand Neil McKenzie, Mike Grundy, Peter Wilson, David Jacquier, Budi Minasny,

Large differences

USA

Sub Sahara Africa

9.1 million km2

23.9 million km2

35,000 soil profiles

4,057 soil profiles  

ThatThat’’s currently available !s currently available !

Page 24: GlobalSoilMap - EuropaActivities in the node –Oceania Good connections Australia – Indonesia – New Zealand Neil McKenzie, Mike Grundy, Peter Wilson, David Jacquier, Budi Minasny,

Progress –

Scientific Publications

2006

20072008

2010

Page 25: GlobalSoilMap - EuropaActivities in the node –Oceania Good connections Australia – Indonesia – New Zealand Neil McKenzie, Mike Grundy, Peter Wilson, David Jacquier, Budi Minasny,

Activities in the node – East Asia

Page 26: GlobalSoilMap - EuropaActivities in the node –Oceania Good connections Australia – Indonesia – New Zealand Neil McKenzie, Mike Grundy, Peter Wilson, David Jacquier, Budi Minasny,

Activities in the node – East AsiaProof‐of‐concept studies with voluntary source. 90m resolution maps are 

being tested in the pilot areas

>0.05mm <0.001mm <0.01mm

Page 27: GlobalSoilMap - EuropaActivities in the node –Oceania Good connections Australia – Indonesia – New Zealand Neil McKenzie, Mike Grundy, Peter Wilson, David Jacquier, Budi Minasny,

Activities in the node – North America

Hired two post‐docs

Will produce soil property information.

Training workshops

Work closely with Canada and Mexico

Produced 30 m resolution 

soil carbon map (1 m depth) 

using spatially weighted 

mean calculations from 

SSURGO and STASGO 

Information

Page 28: GlobalSoilMap - EuropaActivities in the node –Oceania Good connections Australia – Indonesia – New Zealand Neil McKenzie, Mike Grundy, Peter Wilson, David Jacquier, Budi Minasny,

Activities in the node – L AmericaLaunch at Seventeenth Latin American 

Congress of Soil Science

Node established

Identify country coordinators

Technical meetings planned for March

Translation some standards texts in  

Spanish

Plan training and capacity building

Page 29: GlobalSoilMap - EuropaActivities in the node –Oceania Good connections Australia – Indonesia – New Zealand Neil McKenzie, Mike Grundy, Peter Wilson, David Jacquier, Budi Minasny,

Activities in the node – L America

Page 30: GlobalSoilMap - EuropaActivities in the node –Oceania Good connections Australia – Indonesia – New Zealand Neil McKenzie, Mike Grundy, Peter Wilson, David Jacquier, Budi Minasny,

Activities in the node – OceaniaGood connections Australia – Indonesia –

New Zealand

Neil McKenzie, Mike Grundy, Peter 

Wilson, David Jacquier, Budi Minasny, 

Brendan Malone and John Gallant met in 

Canberra to discuss scientific issues, 

including proof of concept areas, and 

developing the Oceania node.

Meetings in New Zealand, and Indonesia  

with follow ups in Australia are planned.

There will be data from Australia 

forthcoming for proof of concept studiesIndonesian Soil Science Society Conference 20-22 November 2009 in Yogyakarta

Page 31: GlobalSoilMap - EuropaActivities in the node –Oceania Good connections Australia – Indonesia – New Zealand Neil McKenzie, Mike Grundy, Peter Wilson, David Jacquier, Budi Minasny,

Activities in the node – Oceania

Agreed specifications: 90 m , the spline (six depth layers) and uncertainty. Figured out how to convert ASRIS coverage to a 

90 m raster with depth data and uncertainty. Increased complexity the way forward, not 

multi‐resolution,

From R. Viscarra Rossell

(CSIRO) From B. Malone et al. (Geoderma, 2009)

Page 32: GlobalSoilMap - EuropaActivities in the node –Oceania Good connections Australia – Indonesia – New Zealand Neil McKenzie, Mike Grundy, Peter Wilson, David Jacquier, Budi Minasny,

Some conclusions

Importance of soils and soil information is recognised in big 

global issues (climate change, food production, environmental degradation, 

biodiversity, water scarcity, land disputes and war)

Increasingly recognised:

soils are not the problem 

but part of the solution

Page 33: GlobalSoilMap - EuropaActivities in the node –Oceania Good connections Australia – Indonesia – New Zealand Neil McKenzie, Mike Grundy, Peter Wilson, David Jacquier, Budi Minasny,

Increased demand for soil information by other scientific 

disciplines, policy and society 

Demand for raster based soil properties with uncertainties

Coincides with a quantum leap in technology to produce 

accurate soil information in a timely manner

Enormous opportunities for soil science, and also for a new 

generation to get engaged

Some conclusions

Page 34: GlobalSoilMap - EuropaActivities in the node –Oceania Good connections Australia – Indonesia – New Zealand Neil McKenzie, Mike Grundy, Peter Wilson, David Jacquier, Budi Minasny,

Thank you for your attentionThank you for your attention

Alfred Hartemink

(on behalf of the global consortium)

ISRIC – World Soil Information

Wageningen