globalization_14_.pptx

7/29/2019 Globalization_14_.pptx

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Globalization andTechnology

Humanities 110: PowerPoint #4

HUM 110 PowerPoint 4 1


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Globalization, Population, and

Environmental Concerns

During the past 50 years these three factors have

become increasingly important to understanding

the future role of technology in our society: Globalization: Global economy has increased fivefold

Population: World population has doubled

Energy Use: World energy use has tripled



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Understanding the interconnection ofthese three factors are essentialunderstanding the future oftechnology and even society itself.

We will consider all three in thecoming days. Lets begin with

globalization.


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What is globalization?

Globalization is a process of interaction andintegration among the people, companies, and

governments of different nations, a process driven byinternational trade and investment and aided byinformation technology.

Source:http://www.globalization101.org/What_is_Globalization.html?PHPSESSID=81362bb5135bc4169c5be37b9d49d1c8

4HUM 110 PowerPoint 4


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Not new

Thousands of years old

As old as ancient trade



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What is driving

globalization now?

Open economies between nations

Free trade agreements Free market capitalism

20 times increase in volume of world trade since1950 according to Globalization101.org

Technology advancements Especially in information technology



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Review of The World is Flat

Thomas Friedman identifies three ages

of globalization



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Globalization 1

1492-1800

Shrank the world from large to medium Led by countries

Why? Search for resources and imperial

conquest



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Globalization 2

1800-2000

Shrank world from medium to small Led by companies

Why?

Companies were globalizing for markets and labor Example, East India Tea Company.



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Globalization 3

2000-Present

Shrinking the world from small to tiny Led by individuals and small groups.



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What a flat world means

How is it different?

Empowers individuals and small groups Anyone with smarts, access to Google

and a cheap wireless laptop can join the

innovation fray. Friedman



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Flat World: Two Important Patterns

Flatteners: changes in events and

technology Influx of 3 billion people onto the playing

field



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Pattern # 1 Flatteners

10 events and forces that began in 1989



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Flattener 1: 11/9/89 Fall of Berlin Wall

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Thefalloftheberlinwall1989.JPG


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Flattener 2: 8/9/95

Netscape became public company What this meant:

Dot.com boom and bubble Overinvestment in fiber-optic telecommunications network

Example: Some countries skipped whole generations oftelecommunications development and went straight to wireless

For example: Means that people in India benefited by massiveinvestment by American shareholders

Foreigners benefited and Americans paid



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Flattener 3: Workflow

Connects computer applications to

computer applications all over the world Example: Y2K and the Indians



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Flattener 4: Outsourcing

Work could be digitized, disaggregated,

and shifted to any place in the worldwhere it could be done better andcheaper.

Moves the data



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Flattener 5: Offshoring

Moves the whole factory

Why some ECC students are in schoolagain



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Flattener 6: Open-sourcing

Collaboration online and free

Example: Linux software



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Flattener 7: In-sourcing

Company allows a company like UPS to

assume logistics distribution from withinthe company

Example: UPS and amazon.com



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Flattener 8: Supply-chaining

When an item is bought, it is

automatically reordered at the factory,even if the factory is in Taiwan.



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Flattener 9: Informing

Now anyone with an Internet connection

can collaborate and mine, unlimiteddata all by themselves.

Search engines: Google, Yahoo, and

MSN Search



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Flattener 10: Steroids

Wireless access

VoIP



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Overall Result: Converged

around 2000

Created a global, Web-enabled playing

field that allows for multiple forms ofcollaboration on research and work inreal time, without regard to geography,distance, or in the near future, eventlanguage.

Will transform life as we know it.24HUM 110 PowerPoint 4


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Benefits of globalization

New wave of innovation

Empowerment of individuals Cheaper, better goods which are moved

more quickly and are more widely

available



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Pattern # 2: New Players

Where have the new players come from?

China India

Russia

Eastern Europe

Latin America

Central Asia



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Why?

Opening of economies and political

systems to free market trade andcapitalism



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What does this mean for Westerners?

May not continue leading the world economyor innovations.

Why? New players entered legacy free

because they did not have to invest in theolder technologies that paved the way.

Example: More cell phones in China than thereare people in USA



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Solutions to stay ahead

Innovation

Building strong individuals by:Attracting the brightest to science and

engineering

Building and rebuilding infrastructure

Portability in pensions and health care



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Reason for past success

Our ability to constantly innovate new

products, services and companies thathas been the source of Americas hornof plenty and steadily widening middleclass for the last two centuries.



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Crisis result of three gaps

Ambition gap

Numbers gap China and Indian are now graduating more

doctors in science, technology, engineeringthan USA



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Education Gap

Bill Gates: In math and science , our fourth

graders are among the top students in theworld. By eighth grade, theyre in the middle

of the pack. By 12th grade, U.S. students arescoring near the bottom of all industrialized

nations. New study: USA has 19th highest high school

graduation rate right ahead of Mexico.32HUM 110 PowerPoint 4


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Challenges for education

Preparing students for changing jobs Average adult changes jobs 14 times in career

More math, science, and technology

Teaching students how to be lifelong

learners Teaching second languages



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China: Some comparisons

Workforce: 803 million

547 million cell phone users Low income line: $125 per year

Poverty level: $90 per year

Unemployment rate: 4%Source: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-

factbook/geos/ch.html

https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ch.htmlhttps://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ch.htmlhttps://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ch.htmlhttps://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ch.htmlhttps://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ch.htmlhttps://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ch.htmlhttps://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ch.html


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Beijing Olympics 2008


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