global trends for changing world -...
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GLOBAL TRENDS FOR CHANGING WORLD
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CHANGING WORLD – GLOBAL POPULATION EXPLOSION
United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2013). World Population Prospects: The 2012 Revision, Highlights and Advance Tables. Working Paper No. ESA/P/WP.228.
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CHANGING WORLD – AGING GLOBAL POPULATION
The population is aging rapidly in all
regions of the world
The older population (aged 60 years or
over) is growing at an accelerated rate
Older persons will outnumber children
by mid-century
Population Ageing and Development 2012 (United Nations Publication, wall chart, Sales No. E.12.XIII.6), on the basis of data from World Population Prospects: The 2010 Revision, CD-ROM Edition–Extended Dataset (United Nations publication, Sales No. 11.XIII.7)
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United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Trends in International Migrant Stock: The 2013 Revision (United Nationsdatabase,POP/DB/MIG/Stock/Rev.2013). See: www.unmig ration.org.
CHANGING WORLD – INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION
The number of international migrants worldwide reaches an all-time high in 2013
Growth is larger and faster in developed
regions
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CHANGING WORLD - URBANIZATION
McKinsey&Company (2011): Urban World: Mapping the economic power of cities. McKinsey Global InstituteWorld Urbanization Prospects, The 2011 RevisionPresentation at the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS), Washington, DC; 7 June 2012, Gerhard K. Heilig
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CHANGING WORLD - TRAVEL
World Urbanization Prospects, The 2011 RevisionPresentation at the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS), Washington, DC; 7 June 2012, Gerhard K. Heilig
International tourism receipts reached $1.075 trillion worldwide in 2012
International tourist arrivals exceeded 1 billion for the first time in 2012
Source: World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) June 2013
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Datacard Confidential 7
PERCENT OF GDP SPENT ON PUBLIC SOCIAL BENEFITS
World Social Security Report, Providing Coverage in Times of Crisis and BeyondInternational Labour Office, 2010
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HEALTHCARE MACRO TRENDS – SPENDING BY GOVERNMENT
Nearly all countries have some form of publicly funded health benefit
Program specifics vary in nearly every country
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GLOBAL THREATS EVOLVE
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GLOBAL THREATS
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TRUSTED IDENTITY IS AT THE HEART OFE-GOVERNMENT SERVICES
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WHAT IS A TRUSTED IDENTITY
“Governments want policy and law to promote an identity infrastructure that enables them to serve their citizens more efficiently.
On the lightweight end, they want to offer citizens an easy way to interact with agencies and departments.
On the heavier end, they want to equip citizens with secure electronic identity documents (eIDs) to prove who they are, as a means for facilitating more critical transactions, such as crossing borders, accessing health records, or paying taxes.”
Towards a Policy and Legal Framework for Identity Management: A Workshop Report by Mary Rundle, October 2009
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IDENTITY VS. CREDENTIAL
Identity Credential
A general set of characteristics that uniquely define an person in a defined environment
Physical or logical binding of identity to attributes / privileges assigned by an authority
Typical Characteristics
• More Unique• Changes infrequently• Biometrics data• Biographic data• Relational data (work history, family,
addresses)
Typical Characteristics
• Likely multiple credentials for single identity based on various authorities and processes
• Allows for transactions / interaction• Project requirements and risk dictate form
factor (e.g. paper, badge, password, smart card, mobile, username/pwd)
• Mobile• Not just document
nameDOB
city
POB
National ID
Drivers License
Passport
Mobile
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IDENTITY
Name: Tim KlabundeBirth Date: July 29, 1967Street: 11111 Bren Road SouthCity: MinnetonkaState: MinnesotaZip: 55343Country: USA
Bald
Blue
SSN: 123-45-6789
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CREDENTIAL
Name: Tim KlabundeBirth Date: July 29, 1967Street: 11111 Bren Road SouthCity: MinnetonkaState: MinnesotaZip: 55343Country: USA
Bald
Blue
SSN: 123-45-6789
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E-ID MARKET & USAGE
Smart security industry shows strong double digit growth in 2013 mainly driven by national eIDprograms, ehealthcare cards, and eDriver’s licenses”Eurosmart, April 2013
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E-ID MARKET & USAGE
By 2015, eID issuing countries will exceed those issuing traditional NIDsAcuity Market Intelligence Report
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E-ID MARKET & USAGE
Higher End Contactless Technology adoption drives National ID smart card revenue to 7.6B by 2017”ABI Research, Oct 2012
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PERCENTAGE OF SERVICES OFFERED ON-LINE
• In 2010 nearly 80% of all countries offered on-line access to one-third or less of their services
• By 2012 that number has dropped to less than half the countries of the world
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GROWTH OF CHIP ENABLED IDENTITY CARDS
• More sophisticated on-line service offerings contribute to the growth of chip-enabled ID cards
• Nearly all of the program growth between 2010 and 2012 can be attributed to the growth in chip-enabled ID card – up 18%
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IDENTITY ENABLED APPLICATIONS
• Voter registration• Electronic healthcare
records• Border control• Social benefits
distribution• Automated tax
collection
CONDUCTED ONLINE AND IN PERSON
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KEY REQUIREMENTS
Fraud Prevention Cost Reduction Service Improvement Standards Compliance
Prevent Identity FraudProvide strong authentication and secure identification
Reduce infrastructure costs and overheadSupport growth needs
Enable electronic transactions Streamline Govt. processesIncrease access to social benefits
Comply with regulationsEU Directive, HSPD-12Adopt global standards- ICAO 9303, FIPS 201, ISO 18013;
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KEY BENEFITS
Certificate based, biometric enabled credentials ensure trusted identityReduce program fraud and identity theft
Increase efficiency Improve Citizen servicesIncrease security
Improve on-line access and 24-hour availabilityStreamline enrollment and approval processReduce transaction costs
Speed benefits deliveryIncrease citizen access to multiple servicesEnsure privacy
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BEST PRACTICES
Trend towards a common portal for citizen access
Representing breadth of service offerings with depth through federal and state levels of government
Unified Identity Information PrivacyWhole Government
Key to trust in government is belief in the respect of personal privacy
Attribute data may be held distinctly with secure linkage to central identity
A single record of authority binding digital identity to the person
May link a variety of credentials depending on program sensitivity and access assurance requirements
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FOUR PHASES OF E-GOVERNMENT
1. Informational
Statistics
Archives
Downloadable forms
Environmental awareness
2. Interaction
Online forums
Opinion polls
Blogs
Connection to social media
3. Transactional
eAuthentication
Tax/Utility payments
Payment for birth registration
Payment for car registration
4. Transformation
Integrated Services
Intimate G2B, G2C, G2E relations
Performance accountability
United Nations E-Government Survey 2012E-Government for the People
Lower Security Higher Security
Citizens interact with E-Government programs at a variety of different levels, each with unique requirements for identity verification
Constituent Value
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PROGRAM RISK PROFILES
Process
Physical security
Number of enrollment sites
Fulfillment of the credential to the citizen
People
Program staff
Approval processes
Roll-based access
Production
Credential design
Issuance model
Trust infrastructure
Privileges
Informational
Interaction
Transactional
Transformation
Budget Privacy
Every program is different, and deployment model , budget and privacy concerns significantly impact all areas of the risk profile
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Cyber security and trusted credentials
Bind the physical identity to the cyber or online identity
Key takeaway• Enforce credential based strong authentication for e-services • Leverage the trusted identity profile and maintain the chain of trust
e-Government Service Platform• Entitlement program access• Electronic tax filing• Voter registration• Health record access• Transit access
ENABLE TRUSTED TRANSACTIONS
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IDENTITY & THE CITIZEN CENTRIC GOVERNMENTNID/CA
ID Vetting
Enrolment
Credentialing
Ministry of Education
$ $ $ $
C$Financial Institution
Authenticate
Dig Sig
AuthenticateStudent Loan Application
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eGov Services Examples
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ESTONIA
BACKGROUND- 75% of households have internet- Whole of Estonia is covered with the
possibility of dedicated links and public internet points
- More than 1,100 public WIFI networks are officially registered
OUTCOMES
“We use information technology as an instrument for increasing administrative capacity and ensuring an innovative and convenient living environment for citizens”- Gateway to e-State in place since 2002- 68% of internet users know the State Portal- In 2010 the state portal was visited 2.65
million times- 40% of eID card users actively use Digital ID- 140,000 people used eVoting in last election- Government issues official e-mail address- 30,000 users of mID (mobile)- 95% of populations declared their taxes
electronically- eID is used for public transport- eSchool enables electronic communication
between teacher, student and parents
FEATURES AND FUNCTIONS
Identification X
Payment X
Smartcard X
Travel X
Public X
Private X
Biometrics Photo
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GERMAN NATIONAL ID
BACKGROUND• Until 2010 no comparable solution at
reasonable cost for identifying a person in electronic transactions
• All transaction services in business and administration needed to apply their own identification procedures
OUTCOMES
• Standardization of identification mechanism for online services for citizens, public administration and businesses
• Ensures the secure exchange of sensitive personal data
• Online service providers and users can be sure that their communication partners really are who they say they are.
• The electronic ID card was designed with data protection in mind and creates new ways to minimize the transmission of data
• Card holders are able to choose which data stored on the card to send in response to service providers’ requirements
FEATURES AND FUNCTIONS
Identification X
Payment X
Smartcard X
Travel
Public X
Private X
Biometrics Photo, fingerprint, PIN
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ASIA SOCIAL SECURITY CARD
BACKGROUND• Physical and electronic verification• Access to insurance benefits• Instant settlement of medical expenses• Access to public services • Electronic patient records• Social benefit payments
OUTCOMES
• Instant eID issuance issuance solution integrated with social security, bank and police systems for identity verification
• eID personalized with social security and banking applications
• Bank accounts linked to Social Security Accounts for deposits and claims
• Instant issuance systems easily deployed throughout wide network of bank branches
• 45-day card application process now takes 1 day
FEATURES AND FUNCTIONS
Identification X
Payment X
Smartcard X
Travel
Public X
Private X
Biometrics Photo
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ASIA GOVERNMENT MULTI PURPOSE CARD
BACKGROUND• Government multi-application smart card• Contains citizen’s personal data and
electronic signature• Provides access to government and
medical services• Other applications include banking,
credit, telephone, and transport
OUTCOMES
• 17M+ eIDs issued to citizens 12 years and older
• Multi-application card replaces current driver license
• Contains critical health information and hospital visit data
• Includes passport information and access to auto-gates at airports and other points of entry
• Verification process linked to watch lists• Applications now include electronic
purse and ATM• Common platform allows for fast,
affordable scalability
FEATURES AND FUNCTIONS
Identification X
Payment X
Smartcard X
Travel X
Public X
Private X
Biometrics Photo
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NORTH AMERICAN ELECTRONIC BENEFITS PROGRAM
BACKGROUND• Need to provide
– Greater access without stigma– Uninterrupted operations– Maximum program efficiency– Fraud reduction
OUTCOMES
• Move program management functions online to provide easier enrollment and utilization
• Replace paper based check and voucher programs with pre-paid cards to reduce forgeries, theft and misuse by unauthorized individuals
• Support transaction processing with major retailers with automated validation of each item as program -eligible right at the cash register
• Provide EBT ATM access • Provide reporting and auditing
capabilities that help agencies detect and identify fraudulent activity
FEATURES AND FUNCTIONS
Identification
Payment X
Smartcard
Travel
Public X
Private X
Biometrics
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NORTH AMERICAN ELECTRONIC BENEFITS CARD
BACKGROUND• Social services were issuing and
mailing checks to recipients• Support infrastructure was labor
intensive and very expensive• Mailing delays and theft left
beneficiaries without payments for long periods of time
OUTCOMES
• In-person issuance of the card was linked to a review of case management records to ensure eligibility and reduce fraud
• Debit card issuance also established a valid account in the name of the beneficiary
• Additional funds can be added to the card by case workers as needed
• Beneficiaries were able to set up their own unique PINs and use the card immediately as they would with any other credit card
• Significant program savings were realized by eliminating printing and mailing of checks
FEATURES AND FUNCTIONS
Identification
Payment X
Smartcard X
Travel
Public X
Private X
Biometrics
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THIS IS NOT HOW EID SHOULD BE USED
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