glassy carbon electrode modified with cobalt phthalocyanine andgraphene composites for...

Upload: m-siva-prasad

Post on 08-Aug-2018

214 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

  • 8/22/2019 GLASSY CARBON ELECTRODE MODIFIED WITH COBALT PHTHALOCYANINE ANDGRAPHENE COMPOSITES FOR ELECT

    1/12

    Bkthrkgtbdkgf Idurkgf do Kgkdthjekdfdly

    gkn Gppfbjgtbdk %BIKG"

    BZZK 33

  • 8/22/2019 GLASSY CARBON ELECTRODE MODIFIED WITH COBALT PHTHALOCYANINE ANDGRAPHENE COMPOSITES FOR ELECT

    2/12

    73 M+ Zbvgprgsgn& Je+ Zwgrupg& M+ Kglgrgiu / K+ R+ Zrhhnegregvh chhk bmmdcbfbzhn tdlhtehr wbte hkzymhs odr nhthjtbdk do teh phstbjbnhQ30]-Q33]+ Edwhvhr teh stgcbfbty do teh

    cbdshksdr rhmgbks g prdcfhm& td nhthjt nbjrdtdpeds bk pgrtbjufgr& gjhtyfjedfbkhsthrgsh ogbfhn wehrhgs teh mhtedn wdrahn

    odr dtehr drlgkdpedspegths Q3:]+ Zrhhnegr ht gf nhthjthn phstbjbnhs webje ybhfnhn lddn nhthjtbdk fbmbts& edwhvhr teh

    mhtedn wgs ndkh cy pdfgrdlrgpey Q3>]+ ^eh mdnh do hfhjtrdjehmbjgf rhnujtbdk do phstbjbnhs fbah mdkdjrdtdpeds&nbjefdrdvds gkn nbjrdtdpeds& webje grh sbmbfgr bk strujturh td crdmohkvbkods gkn thtrgjefdrvbkpedsegs chhk rhpdrthn Q38]+

    Dkh do teh mdst bmpdrtgkt jfgsshs do bkshjtbjbnhs grh drlgkdpedspedrus jdmpdukns+ Crdmohkvbkods %HY"3-

    crdmd-7-%3&>-nbjefdrdpehkyf"vbkyf nbhteyf pedspegth" gkn thtrgjefdrvbkpeds %Q%Y"-3-Jefdrd-7-%3&>&8-

    trbjefdrdpehkyf"vbkyf] nbmhtedxy pedspegth" grh systhmbj gkn lhkhrgf bkshjtbjbnhs& teh strujturhs sedwk bk oblurh

    7Q3?]&Q3

  • 8/22/2019 GLASSY CARBON ELECTRODE MODIFIED WITH COBALT PHTHALOCYANINE ANDGRAPHENE COMPOSITES FOR ELECT

    3/12

    Lfgssy Jgrcdk Hfhjtrdnh Mdnbobhn wbte Jdcgft Petegfdjygkbkh gkn Lrgpehkh 7:Jdmpdsbths odr Hfhjtrdgkgfysbs do Crdmohkvbkods gkn htrgjefdrvbkpeds

    KgDE sdfutbdk+ Gff teh jehmbjgfs gkn sdfvhkts ushn whrh do gkgfytbjgf lrgnh dctgbkhn ordm Mhrja %Mumcgb&

    Bknbg"+nbssdfvbkl tehsh rhglhkts bk uftrgpurh wgthr gkn gniustbkl td teh nhsbrhn pE wbte sdnbum eynrdxbnh gkn eynrdjefdrbj

    gjbn sdfutbdks+ Gff sdfutbdks whrh obfthrhn terdule g 0+>8 mm mhmcrgkh obfthr& gkn tehk nhlgsshn cy sdkbjgtbdk gkn

    hvgjugtbdk+

    Prhpgrgtbdk do teh JdPj$Lr$LJH Mdnbobhn Hfhjtrdnh

    ^eh cgrh LJH wgs pdfbsehn wbte 0+08 m gfumbkg pdwnhr chodrh bt wgs ushn& rbkshn uftrgsdkbjgffy wbte

    797EKD:& htegkdf& gkn nhbdkbshn wgthr& rhsphjtbvhfy& gkn nrbhn gt rddm thmphrgturh+ Lrgpehkh wgs nbsphrshn bk htegkdf %7

    ml$mF" wbte uftrgsdkbjgtbdk odr :0 mbk+ 8 F do teh lrgpehkh susphksbdk wgs jgst dk teh surogjh do LJH gkn nrbhn bk gbr+

    Prbdr td ush& teh mdnbobhn hfhjtrdnh wgs jgrhouffy rbkshn wbte Mbffbpdrh wgthr gkn nrbhn bk gk gbr strhgm+ Gkn tehk teh

    JdPj sdfutbdk wgs prhpgrhn gkn tehk cy nrdp-jdgtbkl 30 F do teh JdPj stgkncy sdfutbdk dk teh LJH odffdwhn cy gbr-

    nrybkl odr :> e+ G smddte& crblet gkn cfuh tebk obfm gpphgrhn dk teh LJ surogjh+ ^eh rhsuftbkl mdnbobhn hfhjtrdnh bs

    nhkdthn gs JdPj$Lr$LJH+ Gothr nrbhn uknhr gmcbhkt jdknbtbdks& teh JdPj$Lr$LJH wgs wgsehn wbte rhnbstbffhn nhbdkbshnwgthr td rhmdvh teh ukbmmdcbfbzhn mbxturh+ Gff teh mdnbobhn hfhjtrdnhs whrh stdrhn gt >

    dJ bk g rhorblhrgtdr chodrh ush+

    Oblurh 3 bknbjgths teh mdnbobjgtbdk prdjhss do JdPJ$Lr$LJH+

    Oblurh 3%G"9 Zjehmgtbj Hfhjtrdnh Mdnbobjgtbdk Prdjhss

    Oblurh 3%C"9 ZHM Bmglh do JdPj$LJH %G"& Lr$LJH %C"& gkn JdPj$Lr$LJH %J"

  • 8/22/2019 GLASSY CARBON ELECTRODE MODIFIED WITH COBALT PHTHALOCYANINE ANDGRAPHENE COMPOSITES FOR ELECT

    4/12

    7> M+ Zbvgprgsgn& Je+ Zwgrupg& M+ Kglgrgiu / K+ R+ ZrhhnegrGkgfytbjgf Prdjhnurh

    G stdja sdfutbdk %7+070:

    M" wgs prhpgrhn cy nbssdfutbdk do teh gpprdprbgth gmdukt do teh hfhjtrd gjtbvh sphjbhs

    bk htegkdf+ 7 mf do stgkngrn sdfutbdk wgs trgksohrrhn bktd hfhjtrdfytbj jhff gkn nbfuthn wbte 2 mf do suppdrtbkl hfhjtrdfyth

    gkn tehk nhdxylhkgthn wbte kbtrdlhk lgs odr 70 mbk+ Gothr teh vdftgmmdlrgm bs rhjdrnhn& smgff bkjrhmhkts %0+8 mf" do

    stgkngrn sdfutbdk bs gnnhn gkn tehk vdftgmmdlrgm bs rhjdrnhn gothr hgje gnnbtbdk uknhr sbmbfgr jdknbtbdks+ Bk prhshkt

    stuny& teh chst rhjdvhry wgs dctgbkhn gt pE >+0 gt pdthktbgf do 0+20 _& 7+30_ odr twd jdmpdukns rhsphjtbvhfy+ ^eh

    rhfgtbvh stgkngrn nhvbgtbdks gkn jdrrhfgtbdk jdhoobjbhkts whrh odukn td ch 3+?(& :+8( gkn 0+2283(& 25?3( do teh

    rhsphjtbvh jdmpdukns+ ^ebs prdjhnurh wgs sujjhssouffy ushn odr teh nhthrmbkgtbdk do tehsh jdmpdukns gt nboohrhkt pE

    vgfuhs+

    SHZXF^Z GKN NBZJXZZBDKZ

    Zurogjh Mdrpedfdly Ztuny do Mdnbobhn Hfhjtrdnh

    ZHM bmglhs do JdPj gkn Lr mdnbobhn lfgssy jgrcdk hfhjtrdnh grh sedwk bk Oblurh 3 %G"& %C" gkn %J" JdPj$LJH&

    Lr$LJH gkn JdPj$Lr$LJH fm wbte nboohrhkt mglkbjgtbdks rhsphjtbvhfy+ Bt egs sedwk tegt teh fm surogjh bs jdktbkudus

    gkn lrgpehkh pdwnhrsujjhssouffy nhpdsbthn dk LJH surogjh+ ^eh fm nbspfgyhn g rhfgtbvhfy eble surogjh rdulekhss& bt jgk

    ch nuh td teh nhpdsbtbdk do JdPj kgkdpgrtbjfh& bknbjgts tegt JdPj whrh sujjhssouffy ogcrbjgthn bktd teh jdmpdsbth fm+

    Hfhjtrdjehmbjgf Chegvbdur do Mdnbobhn Hfhjtrdnh

    ^eh hfhjtrdjehmbjgf chegvbdur do lfgssy jgrcdk hfhjtrdnh mdnbobhn wbte JdPj gkn Lr jdmpdsbths %JdPj$Lr$LJH"

    odr teh nhthrmbkgtbdk do CSO_ gkn ^J_P bk htegkdf wbte Gl$GlJf$AJf gs rhohrhkjh hfhjtrdnh cy ush do jyjfbj

    vdftgmmhtry+ CSO_ gkn ^J_P phstbjbnhs grh dctgbkhn whff nhobkhn rhnujtbdk phgas bk teh pdthktbgf rgklh0+> _ td -7+?_+

    ^eh pE do teh hfhjtrdfysbs mhnbum bs dkh do teh vgrbgcfhs tegt dothk shvhrhfy goohjt teh segph do teh vdftgmmdlrgm& teh

    phga pdthktbgf gkn phga jurrhkt& teh hoohjt do pE wgs td hxgmbkh bk nhtgbf+ G strhgm do dxylhk-orhh kbtrdlhk lgs wgs

    pgsshn bktd teh sdfutbdk odr 78 mbkuths chodrh mhgsurbkl teh vdftgmmhtrbj stuny gkn gff teh mhgsurhmhkts whrh jgrrbhn dut

    gt jdkstgkt thmphrgturh+ Oblurh : sedws g typbjgf jyjfbj vdftgmmdlrgms do cdte CSO_ gkn ^J_P sedws dkh phga gt

    pdthktbgf H = -0+20 _ gkn -7+3 _ dk JdPj$Lr$LJH mdnbobhn systhm rhsphjtbvhfy+ ^ebs bs jfhgrfy sedws tegt CSO_ gkn

    ^J_P uknhrld rhnujtbdk gt teh lfgssy jgrcdk mdnbobhn hfhjtrdnh surogjh+ Jgtednbj phga mgy ch nuh td rhnujtbdk do

    jgrcdk-jgrcdk nducfh cdkn %gfahkyf lrdup" bkvdfvhs twd prdtdks gkn twd hfhjtrdk trgksohr rhgjtbdk sedwk bk sjehmh 7

    Q:7]+ J_ bs jgrrbhn dut wbte teh pdthktbgf swhhp rgth bk teh rgklh do -38m_s-7

    td -780m_ s-7

    gkn whff nhobkhn jgtednbj

    phgas dctgbkhn chtwhhk -0+20_ td -7+:_ do cdte jdmpdukns+ Gs teh pdthktbgf swhhp rgth bs bkjrhgshn& teh phga jurrhkt gfsd

    bkjrhgshn gkn phga pdthktbgf sebothn td mdrh khlgtbvh vgfuh gkn kd phga gpphgrhn bk teh rhvhrsh swhhp& bknbjgtbkl

    brrhvhrsbcfh kgturh do teh rhgjtbdk prdjhss+

    Oblurh :9 Jyjfbj _dftgmmdlrgm do CSO_ %G" gkn ^J_P %C"

  • 8/22/2019 GLASSY CARBON ELECTRODE MODIFIED WITH COBALT PHTHALOCYANINE ANDGRAPHENE COMPOSITES FOR ELECT

    5/12

    Lfgssy Jgrcdk Hfhjtrdnh Mdnbobhn wbte Jdcgft Petegfdjygkbkh gkn Lrgpehkh 78Jdmpdsbths odr Hfhjtrdgkgfysbs do Crdmohkvbkods gkn htrgjefdrvbkpeds

    Zjehmhs

    Zjehmh 7%G"9 ^J_P Shnujtbdk Mhjegkbsm

    Zjehmh 7%C"9 CSO_ Shnujtbdk Mhjegkbsm

    Jyjfbj _dftgmmhtrbj %J_" Ztunbhs

    Jyjfbj vdftgmmhtrbj stunbhs do 3+3870-+0 dk pfgbk LJH& JdPj$LJH& Lr$LJH cut whff nhobkhn phha wgs dctgbkhn gt JdPj$Lr$LJH

    systhm dkfy+ Phga wbte fdwhst pdthktbgf gkn khlgtbvh jurrhkt wgs dcshrvhn dkfy gt pE >+0 odr CSO_ gkn ^J_P rhvhgfbkl

    hgsy rhnujtbdk nuh td prbdr gfahkyf lrdup wgs hgsbfy rhnujhn gt Jf gtdms sucstrgth& webje ogjbfbtgthn rhnujtbdk jfhgvglh+

    ^eus pE >+0 wgs shfhjthn gs teh subtgcfh mhnbum odr teh hfhjtrdjehmbjgf stunbhs do CSO_ gkn ^J_P+ Dkh whff nhobkhn

    rhnujtbdk phga hgje gt -0+20_ gkn -7++0+ ^ehrh wgs kd

    gkdnbj rhspdksh bk teh rhvhrsh sjgk bknbjgtbkl teh brrhvhrsbcfh hfhjtrdk trgksohr prdjhss+ Oblurh : %G"/%C" sedwhn jyjfbj

    vdftgmmdlrgms do CSO_ gkn ^J_P dk JdPj$Lr$LJH gt pE+>+0 jdrrhspdknbklfy+

    Hoohjt do pE

    ^eh hoohjt do pE dk teh phga jurrhkt gkn phga pdthktbgf do teh brrhvhrsbcfh rhnujtbdk phga do CSO_ gkn ^J_P gt

    teh JdPj$Lr$LJH wgs bkvhstblgthn do teh pE rgklh 3+070+0+ Oblurh >G nhsjrbchs vgrbdus pE rgklhs jdktgbkbkl

    3+3870+0 gkn tehk chluk td nhjrhgsh sfbletfy+ ^eh phga jurrhkt nhjrhgshn dcshrvhn eblehr

    tegk gt pE >+0 jdufn ch gsjrbchn td teh nhjrhgsbkl prdtdk jdkjhktrgtbdk bk teh cuoohr systhm webje bs khhnhn odr teh

    rhnujtbdk do teh gfahkyf lrdup do CSO_ gkn ^J_P+ ^ehrhodrh& pE >+0 wgs tgahk gs teh dptbmum sdfutbdk pE odr ourtehr

    gkgfyshs+ ^eh hoohjt do sdfutbdk pE dk teh rhnujtbvh phga pdthktbgf do CSO_ gkn ^J_P wgs gfsd bkvhstblgthn+ G pdthktbgf

    sebot bk teh khlgtbvh nbrhjtbdk wgs dcshrvhn wbte bkjrhgsbkl pE bknbjgtbkl teh pgrtbjbpgtbdk do prdtdks bk teh rhnujtbdk do

    CSO_ gkn ^J_P+ Oblurh >C nhpbjts g fbkhgr rhfgtbdksebp chtwhhk rhnujtbvh phga pdthktbgf %Hpj" gkn sdfutbdk pE wbte g

  • 8/22/2019 GLASSY CARBON ELECTRODE MODIFIED WITH COBALT PHTHALOCYANINE ANDGRAPHENE COMPOSITES FOR ELECT

    6/12

    7? M+ Zbvgprgsgn& Je+ Zwgrupg& M+ Kglgrgiu / K+ R+ Zrhhnegrsfdph do ?8+:3 sedws teh pgrtbjbpgtbdk do prdtdks gkn hfhjtrdks bk g 797 rgtbd Q:3]+

    Oblurh >%G"9 Shnujtbvh Phga Jurrhkt vhrsus pE do CS_O gkn ^J_P Jdkjhktrgtbdk 3+3870-%C"9 Shnujtbvh Phga Pdthktbgf gt Nboohrhkt pE Sgklhs do CS_O gkn ^J_P Jdkjhktrgtbdk 3+3870-0s rhsphjtbvhfy+ ^eh phga jurrhkt bkjrhgshn wbte bkjrhgsbkl H gjj ordm

    0+3 td 7+:_ gkn tehk nhjrhgshn gt eblehr khlgtbvh pdthktbgfs sedwbkl tegt -0+20 gkn 7+3_ bs teh dptbmum gjjumufgtbdk

    pdthktbgf odr CSO_ gkn ^J_P+ ^eh hoohjt do tgjj dk teh phga jurrhkt rhspdksh do JdPj$Lr$LJH odr CSO_ gkn ^J_P whrh

    rhjdrnhn gt Hgjj0+20& 7+3_ rhsphjtbvhfy+ ^eh phga jurrhkt bkjrhgshn wbte tgjj up td 20 s chydkn webje bs fhvhffhn doo+ ^ebs

    jdufn ch nuh td teh sgturgtbdk fhvhf do teh gjtbvh hfhjtrdnh surogjh+ Ehkjh& 0+20_& :0s gkn -7+3 _& >0s whrh tgahk gs teh

    dptbmbzhn Hgjj gkn tgjj do CSO_& ^J_P rhsphjtbvhfy+

    Fbmbt do Nhthjtbdk gkn Fbkhgr Sgklh

    Dvhr teh dptbmbzhn sdfutbdk gkn mhtedn pgrgmhthrs& jgfbcrgtbdk jurvh wgs jdkstrujthn cy rhjdrnbkl teh Z\_

    phga jurrhkt rhspdkshs do JdPj$Lr$LJH odr nboohrhkt jdkjhktrgtbdks do stgkngrn CSO_ gkn ^J_P+ Oblurh +0 gt JdPj$Lr$LJH mdnbobhn systhm+

    Oblurh

  • 8/22/2019 GLASSY CARBON ELECTRODE MODIFIED WITH COBALT PHTHALOCYANINE ANDGRAPHENE COMPOSITES FOR ELECT

    9/12

    Lfgssy Jgrcdk Hfhjtrdnh Mdnbobhn wbte Jdcgft Petegfdjygkbkh gkn Lrgpehkh 72Jdmpdsbths odr Hfhjtrdgkgfysbs do Crdmohkvbkods gkn htrgjefdrvbkpeds

    Oblurh +0 bk CSZ whrh prhpgrhn

    usbkl sdbf+ ^ehk& teh sgmpfhs %G& C gkn J" whrh spbahn wbte 70& 78 gkn 3070+0 odr Nboohrhkt Jyjfhs gothr ^wd Mdktes ordm Obrst Mdnbobjgtbdk do teh Hfhjtrdnh

    Shjdvhry Ztuny do CSO_ gkn ^J_P ordm Eumgk Xrbkh Zgmpfhs

    ^erhh eumgk urbkh sgmpfhs whrh prhpgrhn gs nhsjrbchn bk teh hxphrbmhktgf pgrt+ ^eh terhh eumgk urbkh sgmpfhs

    whrh spbahn wbte gpprdprbgth gmdukts do stgkngrn CSO_ gkn ^J_P uktbf teh obkgf jdkjhktrgtbdks grh 70&78& gkn 3070+0+ Shjdvhrbhs bk teh

    rgklh 2?+83-25+38( ordm eumgk urbkh sedwk bk ^gcfh 7 stbff bknbjgthn teh gppfbjgcbfbty do teh mhtedn odr nhthrmbkgtbdk

    CSO_ gkn ^J_P bk rhgf sgmpfhs+ Mdrhdvhr& fdwhr rhjdvhry odr g fdwhr jdkjhktrgtbdk do CSO_ gkn ^J_P sblkbobhn teh

    bkofuhkjh do urbkh mgtrbx bk teh nhthrmbkgtbdk do CSO_ gkn ^J_P ordm eumgk urbkh& gt fdw jdkjhktrgtbdks+ ^eh sfblet

    pdthktbgf sebot dcshrvhn odr teh Z\_s do CSO_ gkn ^J_P bk eumgk urbkh& sgmpfhs jdufn prdcgcfy ch nuh td teh hoohjt do

    jd-gnsdrptbdk do urbkh mgtrbx+

    ^gcfh 79 Shjdvhry Ztunbhs do CSO_ gkn ^J_P bk Zdbf gkn Eumgk Xrbkh Zgmpfhs

    Zgmpfh Z\_ BkbtbgfZpbahn

    %M"

    Nhthjthng

    %M"

    Shjdvhryc

    %("SZN(

    Zdbf

    %CSO_"

    G

    C

    J

    70

    70

    70

    70

    78

    30

    75+52

    3:+20

    32+70

    2

  • 8/22/2019 GLASSY CARBON ELECTRODE MODIFIED WITH COBALT PHTHALOCYANINE ANDGRAPHENE COMPOSITES FOR ELECT

    11/12

    Lfgssy Jgrcdk Hfhjtrdnh Mdnbobhn wbte Jdcgft Petegfdjygkbkh gkn Lrgpehkh 37Jdmpdsbths odr Hfhjtrdgkgfysbs do Crdmohkvbkods gkn htrgjefdrvbkpeds

    ^gcfh 79 Jdktn+&

    Eumgk

    urbkh

    %^J_P"

    G

    C

    J

    70

    70

    70

    70

    78

    30

    72+23

    3>+?0

    32+30

    282?+8825%3002" :+

    8+ H+ Rdd& I+ Abm& H+ Edsdkd& E+Z+ Yedu& ^+ Aund& B+ Edkmg& Kgkdfhtthrs 5 %3005" 33

  • 8/22/2019 GLASSY CARBON ELECTRODE MODIFIED WITH COBALT PHTHALOCYANINE ANDGRAPHENE COMPOSITES FOR ELECT

    12/12

    33 M+ Zbvgprgsgn& Je+ Zwgrupg& M+ Kglgrgiu / K+ R+ Zrhhnegr?+ F+P+ Yegkl& Y+E+ Ubg& Idurkgf do Peysbjgf Jehmbstry J 778 %3077" 777>>2+2+ G+A+ Lhbm& A+Z+ Kdvdshfdv& Kgt+ Mgthr+ ? %300