GLASS FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE

GUIDED BY: PRESENTED BY:-PROF. SAVAN MANIYA SHAH BHAVIN

DHRUVIL PATEL SUKANI BONY

KRISHNA PATEL SHAIKH FEZAL

MAHAVIR SWAMI COLLEGE OF POLYTECHNIC

CONTENT:-

INTRODUCTION WHAT IS COCRETE ? TYPES OF FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE HISTORY OF FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE USE OF FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE WHAT IS GLASS FIBER CONCRETE ? OBJECTIVES OF STUDY LITRATURE REVIEW PROPERTIES OF GFRC

APPLICATION OF FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE EFFECT OF GLASS FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE GLASS FIBER CONCRETE STRUCTURES CONCLUSION REFRENCES

INTRODUCTION:- Concrete is one of the most widely used construction

material. It is usually associated with Portland cement as the main component for making concrete. Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) is conventionally used as the primary binder to produce concrete. Production of Portland cement is currently exceeding 2.6 billion tons per year worldwide and growing at 5 percent annually.

Five to eight percent of all human-generated atmospheric carbon-di-oxide worldwide comes from the concrete industry.

Fibre reinforced concrete (FRC) is a concrete made primarily of hydraulic cements, aggregates and discrete reinforcing fibres. FRC is a relatively new material. This is a composite material consisting of a matrix containing a random distribution or dispersion of small fibres, either natural or artificial, having a high tensile strength.

Many of the current applications of FRC involve the use of fibres ranging around 1% by volume of concrete. Recent attempts made it possible to incorporate relatively large volumes of steel, glass and synthetic fibres in concrete .

Although the use of Portland cement is still unavoidable until the foreseeable future, many efforts are being made in order to reduce the use of Portland cement in concrete. On the other hand, a huge volume of fly ash is generated around the world.

Although the use of Portland cement is still unavoidable until the foreseeable future, many efforts are being made in order to reduce the use of Portland cement in concrete. On the other hand, a huge volume of fly ash is generated around the world.

Due to the presence of these uniformly dispersed fibres, the cracking strength of concrete is increased and the fibres acting as crack arresters. Fibres suitable of reinforcing concrete having been produced from steel, glass and organic polymers.

Most of the fly ash is not effectively used, and a large part of it is disposed in landfills which affects aquifers and surface bodies of fresh water. Fibre reinforced cement or concrete is a relatively new composite material in which fibres are introduced in the matrix as micro reinforcement, so as to improve the tensile, cracking and other properties of concrete.

Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete (GFRC) is a type of fiber reinforced concrete which are mainly used in exterior building facade panels and as architectural precast concrete.

WHAT IS CONCRETE ?

The most popular artificial material on Earth isn’t steel, plastic, or aluminium — it’s concrete. Thousands of years ago, we used it to build civilizations, but then our knowledge of how to make it was lost. Here’s how we discovered concrete, forgot it, and then finally cracked the mystery of what makes it so strong.

When we think concrete, we usually picture white pavements, swimming pools, and building foundations. Most of us aren’t aware of concrete’s fiery volcanic origin story, or that concrete is a $100 billion dollar industry. In fact, it’s the most widely-used material on our planet after water. Ton for ton, humans use more concrete today than steel, wood, plastics, and aluminium combined

CONCRETE

Concrete is easily and readily prepared and fabricated in all sorts of conceivable shapes and structural systems. Its great simplicity lies in the fact that its constituents are ubiquitous and are readily available almost anywhere in the world . As a result of its ubiquity, functionality and flexibility it has become by far the most popular and widely used construction material in the world .

The material concrete is often confused with the material cement. Cement is one of the many constituents of concrete, part of the glue that holds the other materials together. Concrete is made by mixing cement, supplementary cementitious materials, water, fine aggregate (sand), coarse aggregate (gravel or crushed stone) with or without admixtures, reinforcement, fibres or pigments.

WHAT IS FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE

Fiber reinforced concrete (FRC) is a new structural material which is gaining increasing importance. Addition of fiber reinforcement in discrete form improves many engineering properties of concrete

GLASS FIBER FORMS:-

FIBERS RAVINGS CHAPPED STRANDS YARNS FABRICS MATS

TYPES OF FIBER-REINFORCERD CONCRETE

Steel Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete Synthetic Fibers Natural Fiber Reinforced Concrete

STEEL FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE

Due to the presence of these uniformly dispersed fibres, the cracking strength of concrete is increased and the fibres acting as crack arresters. Fibres suitable of reinforcing concrete having been produced from steel, glass and organic polymers.

GLASS FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE

Glass fiber-reinforced concrete uses fiberglass, much like you would find in fiberglass insulation, to reinforce the concrete.

SYNTHETIC OF FIBER

Synthetic fiber-reinforced concrete uses plastic and nylon fibers to improve the concrete's strength. In addition, the synthetic fibers have a number of benefits over the other fibers.

REINFORCED CONCRETE

Historically, fiber-reinforced concrete have used natural fibers, such as hay or hair. While these fibers help the concrete's strength they can also make it weaker if too much is used.

HISTORY OF FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE

Fibers have been used for concrete reinforcement since prehistoric times though technology has improved significantly, as is applicable for other fields.

In the early age, straw and mortar were used for producing mud bricks, and horsehair was used for their reinforcement. As the fiber technology developed, cement was reinforced by asbestos fibers in the early twentieth century.

During the middle of the twentieth century, extensive research was in progress for the use of composite materials for concrete reinforcement. Later, the use of asbestos for concrete reinforcement was discouraged due to the detection of health risks.

New materials like steel, glass, and synthetic fibers replaced asbestos for reinforcement. Active research is still in progress on this important technology. Fiber Reinforced Concrete is considered to be one of the greatest advancements in the construction engineering during the twentieth century.

FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE IS USED FOR:

Industrial flooring Sprayed concrete Slender structures (usually in precast plants) Fire resistant structures mortar applications (rehabilitation)

 EFFECTS OF FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETES

Improved durability of the structure Increased tensile and flexural strengths Higher resistance to later cracking Improved crack distribution Reduced shrinkage of early age concrete Increased fire resistance of concrete Negative influence on workability Improved homogeneity of fresh concrete

FACTORS EFFECTING PROPERTIES OF FRC

Relatives fiber matrix Volume of fiber Aspect ratio of fiber Orientation of fiber Workability and compaction of concrete Size of coarse aggregate mixing

WHAT IS GLASS FIBER CONCRETE ?

GFRC is similar to chopped fiberglass (the kind used to form boat hulls and other complex three-dimensional shapes), although much weaker. It’s made by combining a mixture of fine sand, cement, polymer (usually an acrylic polymer), water, other admixtures and alkali-resistant (AR) glass fibers. Many mix designs are available online, but you’ll find that all share similarities in the ingredients and proportions used.

The glass fibers used in GFRC help give this unique compound its strength. Alkali resistant fibers act as the principle tensile load carrying member while the polymer and concrete matrix binds the fibers together and helps transfer loads from one fiber to another. Without fibers GFRC would not possess its strength and would be more prone to breakage and cracking.

GLASS FIBER CONCRETE

AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF STUDY

Study the mix design aspects of the GRC. Understand the various applications involving GRC. Compare GRC with alternatives such as stone,

aluminium, wood, glass, steel, marble and granite. Perform laboratory tests that are related to compressive,

tensile and flexure by use of glass fibre in the concrete pour.

AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF STUDY

The proposed of study aims at analysing the characteristics of glass fiber reinforced concrete.

Use a glass fiber reinforced concrete with Portland cement and decrease the maximum use of Portland cement.

As a new construction material (gfrc), we can achieve maximum benefits and different properties of glass fiber reinforced concrete.

We also compare GFRC, with other cladding materials in different section like quality , cost , properties , benefits etc.

GFRC PANNELS

PROPERTIES OF GLASS FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE

The design of glass-fiber-reinforced concrete panels proceeds from a knowledge of its basic properties under tensile, compressive, bending and shear forces, coupled with estimates of behavior under secondary loading effects such as creep, thermal response and moisture movement.

There are a number of differences between structural metal and fiber-reinforced composites. For example, metals in general exhibit yielding and plastic deformation, whereas most fiber-reinforced composites are elastic in their tensile stress-strain characteristics. However, the dissimilar nature of these materials provides mechanisms for high-energy absorption on a microscopic scale comparable to the yielding process.

Depending on the type and severity of external loads, a composite laminate may exhibit gradual deterioration in properties but usually does not fail in a catastrophic manner. Mechanisms of damage development and growth in metal and composite structure are also quite different. Other important characteristics of many fiber-reinforced composites are their non-corroding behavior, high damping capacity and low coefficients of thermal expansion

Glass-fiber-reinforced concrete architectural panels have the general appearance of pre-cast concrete panels, but differ in several significant ways. For example, the GFRC panels, on average, weigh substantially less than pre-cast concrete panels due to their reduced thickness. Their low weight decreases loads superimposed on the building’s structural components. The building frame becomes more economical

PROPERTIES OF GLASS FIBER

A high tensile strength High modulus Impact resistance Shear strength Water resistance Thermal conductivity

Low thermal expansion Less creep with increase in time Light weight and low density Resistance to corrosion and fire endurance Resistance cracks in concrete

APPLICATION OF GFRC

Exterior ornamentation Interior details Landscape furnishings Architectural projects Airfields and runways In rocket launch pads

BENEFITS OF GFRC Improve mix cohesion, improving pump ability over long

distances Improve freeze-thaw resistance Improve resistance to explosive spelling in case of a

severe fire Improve impact resistance Increase resistance to plastic shrinkage during curing

REPLACEMENT BALCONY BY GRC(taj hotel)

STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF GFRC

Strength of GFRC is developed due to high contents of alkali resistant glass fibers and acrylic polymer. Since the cement contents are high, and the ratio of water to cement is low, the GFRC strength under compressive loads is high.

These materials also possess great tensile and flexural strength. The fiber orientation determines the effectiveness of fiber resistance to loads. The fiber must be stiff to ensure the provision of required tensile strength. Thus, the performance of these materials is better than the normal concrete.

However, GFRC cannot substitute reinforced concrete if heavy loads are required to be endured GFRC are best suitable for light loads. Applications of GFRC are vanity tops, wall panels, and other comparable products. The fiber orientation determines the effectiveness of fiber resistance to loads. The fiber must be stiff to ensure the provision of required tensile strength.

The high fiber content bears the tensile loads, while the concrete is flexible due to the polymers. The physical properties of GFRC are better than the non-reinforced concrete. Steel reinforcement that has been suitably designed considerably increases the strength of products that are cast with normal concrete or GFRC.

ADVANTAGES OF GFRC

High strength can be obtained by using GFRC, being tough and resistant to cracking. It has a high ratio of strength-to-weight. Therefore, the GFRC products are durable and light. The transportation costs are reduced significantly being of less weight.

Since GFRC is internally reinforced, other types of reinforcement are not necessary that may be complicated for complicated molds.

Suitable consolidation of mix is achieved for GFRC that is sprayed, without any vibrations. Use of rollers or vibrations, to attain consolidation, is simple for GFRC that is poured.

A good surface finish is obtained, without voids, since it is sprayed and such defects do not appear.

Since the materials have a fiber coating, they are unaffected by the environmental effects, corrosion attacks, and other harmful effects.

CONCLUSION

The efficient utilisation of fibrous concrete involves improved static and dynamic properties like tensile strength, energy absorbing characteristics, Impact strength and fatigue strength. Also provides a isotropic strength properties not common in the conventional concrete. It will, however be wrong to say that fibrous concrete will provide a universal solution to the problems associated with plain concrete. Hence it is not likely to replace the conventional structural concrete in total.

Superior crack resistance and greater ductility with distinct post cracking behavior are some of the important static properties of GFRC. The enormous increase in impact resistance and fatigue resistance allow the new material to be used in some specified applications where conventional concrete is at a disadvantage.

A new approach in design and in the utilization of this material, to account for both increase in performance and economics is therefore,needed. www.studymafia.org

REFERENCES

www.studymafia.org www.google.com www.wikipedia.com http://www.advancedarchitecturalstone.com

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