glass and solar control 2008 technical advisory service

Glass and solar control

2008

Technical Advisory Service

ThermalInsulation

Solar

Control

AcousticInsulation

Safety

Aesthetic andDecoration


Introduction Solar and light factors Solar control glazings Planibel coloured Pyrolytic coated glass

– Stopsol– Sunergy

Magnetron coated glass– Planibel Energy N/NT– Stopray

Synthesis Comments

Introduction

Heat

Introduction

0

0.5

1.0

1.5

Intensity(W/m²)

Wavelength(nm)

0

280 380 780

Energy

2500

UV Light Short I.R.

Introduction – Solar radiancy

Solar spectrum :

UV : 280 to 380 nm 5% energy

Light : 380 to 780 nm 50% energy

Short I.R. : 780 to 2500 nm 45% energy

Introduction – Solar radiancy

Introduction

Solar radiancy Radiators

Close IR

Long IR

Radio wavesV

isible

Introduction – Greenhouse effect

1. Solar radiancy :UV, visual, short IR

2. Absorption: heating of the objects

3. The objects irradiate heat (long IR)

4. The glass is opaque with long IR

= Greenhouse effect





Synthesis Comments

The light factors (from 380 to 780 nm)

Lights factors

v = LT = transmitted light incident light

Light

LT

v

LR

v

0,10 0,90

1

SG clear

The light factors (from 380 to 780 nm)

v = LR = light reflexion

v = LT = light transmission

The energy factors (from 280 to 2500 nm)

}g

Energetic factors

SF = g = transmitted heat incident heat

e

qiqe

ER

DET

e

0,08 0,87

0,05 0,02

0,85

1

SG clear

Heat


Energy equation: DET + EA + ER = 100 %

e = ER = energy reflexion

e = DET = direct energy transmission

e = EA = energy absorption

g = SF = solar factor = total energy transmission

Remarks : american index SHGC (solar heat gain coeeficient) = FS SC (shading coefficient) = FS/87 SC sw = TED/87 SC lw = SC – SC sw

RHG (Relative Heat Gain) = 630 SC + 7.8 U


Light and energy factors - Selectivity

LIGHT = SOLAR ENERGY (50 %) LT = 80 SF = 40 at least SF = 25 LT = 50 at the maximum

SELECTIVITY = LT <= 2 SF

Clear glazing

100

0

50

280 380 780 1000 2000 2500 2700

Clear glazing with selective coatin

Tra

nsm

issi

on

Wavelength [nm]

Selectivity =LT

SF2

Light and energy factors - Selectivity

Light and energy factors

Clear glazing Solar Factor SF Light Transmission LT

SG 4 mm 87 90

DV 4-15-4 (mm) 76 80

Solar Factor

Lig

ht tr

ansm

issi

onLight and energy factors

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

SG

DG

impossible

Light and energy factors

SG

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100Facteur solaire

Tra

nsm

issi

on lu

min

euse

DG

Optimal characteristics in summer

not very interesting (“black” glazing)

Characteristics optimal in winter as

long as there is sun on the glazing

Criterias characterizing the glazings : Ug: thermal insulation heating

FS: solar control ventilation

TL: light transmission lighting

Aesthetic criterias

Introduction





Synthesis Comments

How decrease the SF of a glazing ?

Modify the composition of the glass (increase absorption)

Planibel coloured

Solar control glazings

Method of coating (increase reflexion and/or absorption)

« Pyrolytic » coatings– Stopsol– Sunergy

« Magnetron » coatings– Stopray

Requirements on spandrels:– Good matching with vision glass– Angular stability – Preferably single glazed units

Technical solutions– Enamelled float or pyrolytic coated glass– Double glazing «Blackpearl»– Shadow box

Solar control glazings - Spandrels





Synthesis Comments

Sand (70 %) Melting(15 %)

Stabilising agents(15 %)

Soda LimestoneDolomieFeldspar

Furnace

Tinted glass + metallic oxides

Planibel coloured

Planibel coloured - Range

Linea Azzura Green Bronze Grey Azur Dark Blue Priva Blue

Planibel bronze Tower ITT - Brussels

Planibel coloured - Performances

Example: PLANIBEL green 6 mm

ER

39

DET

44

12

FS

565

EA51

LT = 73LR = 7

single glass 6 mm

Wavelength (nm)

Planibel coloured - PerformancesTra

nsm

issi

on (

%)

90

80

60

50

40

30

20

10

70Clear (selectivity 1)

Bronze (0,7)Grey (0,7)

Azur (1,3)Green (1,3)

280380 780 1000 2000

0

2480

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1

280 780 1280 1780 2280

Priva Blue (0,8)

Planibel coloured - Performances

Facteur solaire

Lig

ht

tran

smis

sion

ThermobelThermobel HR Planibel coloured

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100FS

TL

Solar factor

Single glazing

Double glazing

Double glazing with lowemissivity coating

Safety / laminated glazing

Safety / tempered glazing

Enamelled glazing

Planibel coloured - Transformations

Planibel coloured - Spandrels

Coloured enamelled and tempered Planibel

Planibel coloured + Blackpearl





Synthesis Comments

Technology

Pyrolytic (Spray)Moustier

Pyrolytic (Spray/CVD)Moustier

Pyrolytic (CVD)Moustier

Pyrolytic (CVD)Moustier

1970 1980 1990 2000

Stopsol Classic

Stopsol Supersilver

Stopsol Silverlight

Sunergy

1970 1980 1990 2000

Pyrolytic coating glazing - History

Pyrolytic coating glazing - Process

From « Spray » process (1)

Micro-drops screening

1

To CVD process (Chemical Vapour Deposition) (2) Best lateral uniformity Higher reactivity « Multicoating » possibilities

2

1

2





Synthesis Comments

Pyrolytic coatings

Can be used in single and double glazing

High light reflexion

Low selectivity

Can be tempered and curved

Stability of aesthetic aspect and performances

Spandrels range available in SG and DGU

Stopsol

Stopsol - Performances

Example : 6 mm Stopsol Classic Green #1

ER

38

DET

21

13

SF

3428

LT = 31

LR = 34

AE51


Example : 6 mm Stopsol Classic Green #2

RE

50

DET

21

18

SF

3911

TL = 31

LR = 19

AE68


Example : 6 mm Stopsol Supersilver Green #2

ER

41

DET

32

14

SF

4613

LT = 51

LR = 24

AE55


Example : 6 mm Stopsol Silverlight Green #2

ER

39

DET

36

14

SF

5011

LR = 58

LR = 19

AE53


Supersilver Classic Silverlight Sunergy

GREEN #1


Supersilver Classic Silverlight Sunergy

GREEN #2

Stopsol Classic Clear

Business Park

Bolzano, Italy

Innopolis

Toulouse (France)

Stopsol Classic Clear

Espace Rolin

Brussels

Stopsol Silverlight Green #1

Stopsol - Range

StopsolAspect couche

RL (#1) Clear Green Bronze Grey Azur Priva Blue Dark Blue

Classic Ambre 34% X X X X (X)

Supersilver Argent 35% X X X X

Silverlight Bleu 26% X

Single glazing 6 mm

Stopsol - PerformancesTra

nsm

issi

on (

%)

Wavelength (nm)

Clear float (selectivity 1,0)

CL. CLEAR # 1 (0,7)

CL. BRONZE # 1 (0,5)

CL. GREY # 1 (0,5)

CL. DARK BLUE # 1 (0,7)

CL. GREEN # 1 (0,9)

280380 780 1000 2000 2480

90

80

60

50

40

30

20

10

70

0


Solar factor

Lig

ht

tran

smis

sion

ThermobelThermobel HR Thermobel coloré Stopsol

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100FS

TL

Stopsol - Transformation

No necessary edge stripping before assemblage

Single glazing

Double glazing




Enamelled glazing

Enamelled and tempered Stopsol

1 2

1 = Stopsol coating2 = Glass3 = Colorbel enamel

3

Stopsol - Spandrels

Stopsol + Blackpearl





Synthesis Comments

Sunergy

Pyrolytic coatings

Can be used in single and double glazing (not in pos.1)

Low light reflexion

Low emissivity

Can be tempered and curved


Sunergy - Performances

Example : 6 mm Sunergy Green #2

ER

52

DET

30

12

SF

426

LT = 55

LR = 7

AE64

La Samaritaine

Paris, France

Sunergy Clear

GulliverLecce, Itale

Sunergy Azur

Sunergy green

Tambest

Finland

Sunergy - Range

Aspect LR #2 Clear Green Bronze Grey Azur Dark Blue PrivaBlue

Sunergy Neutral 9% X X X x

Single glazing 6 mm

280380 780 1000 2000 2480

90

80

60

50

40

30

20

10

70

0

Clear float(selectivity 1,0)

Sunergy clear(selectivity 1,1)

Tra

nsm

issi

on (

%)

Wavelength (nm)



Solar factor

Lig

ht

tran

smis

sion

ThermobelThermobel HR Thermobel coloré Stopsol Sunergy

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100FS

TL

Sunergy - Transformation

Single glazing

Double glazing




Enamelled glazing

No necessary edge stripping before assemblage

Sunergy - Spandrels

Sunergy + Blackpearl





Synthesis Comments

Magnetron coating glazing

Technology

Dial SputteringLodelinsart

Magnetron sputteringLodelinsart



1970 1980 1990 2000

Double silver Stopray

Single silver Stopray

Gold Stopray

Solarbel

1970 1980 1990 2000

Load

Washer

Inspection

Buffer

Buffer

Coat zones

Unload


« off-line » deposit

« vacuum » process


Cathode (-)

Ions (+)

Magnets

Coating

Glass

Gas

Anode

++ +

++

+

+





Synthesis Comments

Magnetron coating (precious metals)

Can be used only in double glazing

Position 2

Always low emissivity

High selectivity (LT/SF)


Spandrels range available

Stopray & Planibel Energy N/NT

Clear glazing

100

0

50

280 380 780 1000 2000 2500

Clear glazing with selective coating

Selectivity =LT

SF2

Stopray & Planibel Energy N/NTTra

nsm

issi

on (

%)

Wavelength (nm)

Planibel / Thermobel Energy N

t° out = 0°C t° in = 20°C

t° of inner sheet = 17.3°C

LT = 71 % - SF = 42 %

ar: U = 1,2 – 1,1 W/m²K

Dimensions max: 3210 mm x 6000 mm

Standard thicknesses : 4 – 6 – 8 – 10 mm

Processings : laminating

Planibel / Thermobel Energy NT

t° out = 0°C t° in = 20°C

t° of inner sheet = 17.3°C

LT = 74 % - SF = 45 %

ar: U = 1,2 – 1,0 W/m²K

Dimensions max: 3210 mm x 6000 mm

Standard thicknesses: 4 – 6 – 8 – 10 mm

Processings: tempering, laminating

Stopray - Brand

Facteurs lumineux Facteurs énergétiques U (ar)

Stopray 6-12-6 Aspect RD65 LT RL Rli DET* RE* AE* FS* SC* FS ** W/(m²K)

Elite Neutral 97 67 14 15 34 32 34 37 0.43 40 1.2 Safir Neutral 95 61 15 18 29 34 37 32 0.37 35 1.2 Vision 50 Neutral 92 49 19 22 23 34 43 27 0.31 28 1.2 Vision 50 T Neutral 96 50 20 22 26 37 37 29 0.33 31 1.2 Galaxy Neutral 87 40 16 19 17 32 51 20 0.23 21 1.2

Silver Silver 95 43 47 42 22 49 29 25 0.29 27 1.2

Lime 61 T Green 88 60 10 13 28 9 63 30 0.35 32 1.2 Emeralda Green 90 36 33 42 16 21 63 20 0.23 21 1.2

Bright Sepia Bronze 90 25 18 41 14 23 63 18 0.21 19 1.2

Titanium 37 T Grey 94 36 6 12 22 14 64 25 0.28 27 1.2 Granite Grey Grey 94 21 14 41 12 21 67 17 0.20 18 1.2

Reflex Blue Blue 88 36 33 42 16 22 62 21 0.24 22 1.2

Indigo 48 T Blue 80 47 8 12 25 10 63 28 0.32 30 1.2

Stopray - Brand

Temperable Stopray

Stopray Vision 50 T

Stopray Vision 60 T

Stopray Lime 61 T

Stopray Titanium 37 T

Stopray Indigo 48 T

Stopray - Performances

Solar factor

Lig

ht

tran

smis

sion

ThermobelThermobel HR Thermobel colored SunergyStopsol EnergyStopray

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100FS

TL

100

0

50

Clear double glazing

Stopray Neutral 50/40

Stopray Cristal 61/40

Stopray - Selectivity

1st generation (single coating)

Tra

nsm

issi

on (

%)

Wavelength (nm)

0

50

100Neutral

Cristal

Elite

Safir

Energy

Carat

Stopray - SelectivityTra

nsm

issi

on (

%)

Wavelength (nm)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Solar Factor [%]

Lig

ht t

ran

smis

sio

n [%

] Planibel ENERGY (71;39)ELITE (67;37)

SAFIR (61;32)

CARAT (52;26)

Galaxy (40,21)

Stopray - Selectivity

Memorial Roi Baudoin

Brussels

Stopray Elite

Mid CityLondon, UK

Stopray Safir

HQ Hewlett PackardParis, France

Sunergy clear curved

Stopray Neutral

Paris AusterlitzStopray Neutral – Stopray Carat

Gregory CarsSaint Petersburg, Russia

Stopray Silver 43/25

Varsovie, Poland

Stopray Silver 43/25

Double glazing

Safety laminated glazing

Stopray - Transformation

Necessary edge

stripping before

assemblage

For Stopray TSafety / tempered glazing

Stopray - Spandrels

1

1 = Glass2 = Colorbel

2

Colorbel tempered or DGU Blackpearl1 2 3

1 = Glass2 = Stopay coating3 = Blackpearl

Evolution du vitrage pour façade

2 ranges for 2 markets

Climates « with lot of sun » Solarbel

Monolithic product with SF and LT very lowSelectivity (<1) and U coefficient insignificantMatched Spandrels

« All » climates Stopray

Insulating glazing with low SF but high LTSelectivity of 1.3 to 2Low U coefficientMatched Spandrels

Stopray - Using





Synthesis Comments

Low level of light reflexion

High degree of energetic absorption

Convenient for all utilisation

Moderate price

Easy cleaning

Spandrel in single enamelled glazing or Blackpearl

Synthesis – Planibel coloured

High level of light reflexion


Moderate price Resistant coating, stable, can be tempered,

curved and laminated 3 variants : Classic, Supersilver and Silverlight Large selection of colours Regular cleaning is necessary (#1) Spandrel in single enamelled glazing or

Blackpearl

Synthesis - Stopsol

Synthesis - Sunergy

Modern aesthetic

Low level of light reflexion

3 variants : clear, azur and green

High selectivity

Low emissivity coating


Resistant coating, stable, can be tempered, curved and laminated

Spandrel in Blackpearl

High range of coloursHigh level of solar protectionLarge range of light reflexionSelectivity : high LT and low SFHigh thermal insulationNeutral colours availableAlways in double glazingEasy cleaningSpandrel in single glazing Colorbel or Blackpearl

Synthesis – Stopray & Planibel Energy N/NT

Synthesis

Pyrolithic coatingsMagnetron coatings

Stopsol Sunergy Stopray

Mechanical resistance

high high low

Using in SG pos. 1 or 2 pos. 2 -

Using in DG

pos. 1 or 2 pos. 2 pos. 2

Edge stripping

no no yes

Transfor-mations

TemperingLaminatingEnamelling

Curving

Tempering

Laminating

Enamelling

Curving

(Laminating – contact AGC Flat

Glass Europe)T Temperable

Synthesis

Pyrolithic coatings Magnetron coatings

Stopsol Sunergy Stopray

Light reflexion

High (pos.1) low (pos.2)

low low to high

Thermal insulation

low medium high

Selectivity

low medium high

Neutrality medium medium high

SynthesisThe choice of the glazing depends essentially of :

The type of the building– aesthetic– application (tertiary sector, residential …)– equipement (HVAC….)– quality and comfort needed (thermal, visual, acoustic …)

Of the climatic zone– exposition to the wind, snow …– annual average temperature outside– average sunny period

• latitude• orientation/declination of the façade• outside environment (shadows)

Of the local regulation (energy, safety, ...)





Synthesis Comments

Comments – Conventions coating position

1 2

1 2

Monolithic glass (from 1 to 2)


1 2 3 4

1 2 3 4

1 2 3 4

Double glass (from 1 to 4)


1 2 3 4 5 6

1 2 3 4 5 6

1 2 3 4 5 6

Triple glass (from 1 to 6)


Example

= Stopsol classic green #1 + Planibel clear

= Planibel clear + Stopsol classic green #2


Example

= Stopsol classic green against PVB + Planibel clear

= Planibel clear + Stopsol classic green against PVB

Comments – Deformation of pictures

Do not place different glazing side by side

Respect the orientation of placing

Comments – Aspect

If the difference of temperature is higher than 30°C between two points of a same glazing, there is a risk of thermal breakage

Comments – Thermal shocks

See training ” thermal shock”

Thermal insulation

Solar

control

Acoustic insulation

Safety

Aesthetic and decoration

Solar control coating

UV resistant silicone

Safety: Laminated glass

Thermal insulationlow-e coating

Acoustic insulation :

Laminated glass and DG

assymetric

glass and solar control 2008 technical advisory service

Documents

solar energy

energy light

nm slide

introduction slide

light transmission slide

introduction heat slide

energy short

solar factor