GIVEN THE DENSITY COLUMN TO THE RIGHT, WHICH TWO DENSITIES WOULD THE WHITE SOLID FALL BETWEEN.

1.2 G/ML, 1.8 G/ML, 3.5 G/ML

PLEASE ANSWER THE WARM-UP ON A SCRAP PIECE OF PAPER AND

TURN INTO THE BASKET.

DENSITY PRACTICE

• In your notes please answer the following questions:

1. What are the two formulas for density?

2. How would you convert 4.5 kg to grams.

3. How would you convert 9.8 L to mL.

4. A block of aluminum occupies a volume of 15.0 mL and weighs 40.5 g. What is its density?

5. Mercury metal is poured into a graduated cylinder that holds exactly 22.5 mL. The mercury

used to fill the cylinder weighs 306.0 g. From this information, calculate the density of mercury.

6. Find the mass of 250.0 mL of benzene. The density of benzene is 0.8765 g/mL.

7. What volume of silver metal will weigh exactly 2500.0 g. The density of silver is 10.5 g/cm3.

MIXTURESREFERENCES CHAPTERS: 2.2

WHAT IS A MIXTURE?

• A mixture is a physical blend of two or more components.

• Based on the distribution of their components, mixtures can be

classified as:

• Heterogeneous mixtures

• Homogeneous mixtures.

HOMOGENEOUS VS. HETEROGENEOUS

• Homogeneous Mixture:

• A mixture in which the composition is uniform throughout.

• Heterogeneous Mixture:

• A mixture in which the composition is not uniform throughout.

EXAMPLES

• Some culinary chefs make pasta salads that contain three different color

noodles of the same type of pasta. Which type of mixture does the final

pasta salad represent?

• Homogeneous mixture

• What type of matter is air?

• Homogeneous mixture

SOLUTIONS

• Solutions are classified as a homogeneous mixture.

• Air is a solution.

• Stainless steel is a solution made of a mixture of iron, chromium, and nickel.

PHASES

• Phases –

• This is a multi-use term.

• In terms of mixtures a phase describes any part of a sample with

uniform composition and properties. Homogeneous mixtures consist

of one phase and heterogeneous mixtures consist of two or more

phases.

• In terms of a single substance (such as water) a phase can describe

the different states of matter a substance can exist as.

SEPARATION TECHNIQUES

SEPARATION TECHNIQUES

•Differences in physical properties can be used to separate

mixtures.

• Filtration

• Distillation

FILTRATION

• Filtration separates a solid from the liquid in a heterogeneous mixture.

• Solid particles in a solution can be separated from the liquid by pouring the solution

through a filter.

• The filter pores are small and the solid cannot pass through.

• Example: Coffee grounds

DISTILLATION

• During a distillation, a liquid is boiled to produce a vapor that is then

condensed into a liquid.

• Liquids can be heated and allowed to vaporize.

• The vapor travels through a condenser, a tube surrounded by cold water, and is then

condensed and collected in a separate flask.

• Solids will remain in the original flask.

OTHER SEPARATION METHODS

• Crystallization –

• Chemical solid-liquid separation technique in which mass transfer occurs from the liquid

solution to a pure solid crystalline phase.

• Centrifuging –

• Using a force pulling dense objects away from the center to separate particles or draw off

moisture.

• Chromatography –

• Process of separating out different parts of chemical mixtures onto an absorbent material.