DIRECT PRIMARYACT EXPLAINED

TO LABOR MENT. D. FENNESSY READS PAPER

BEFORE COUNCIL

PRAISEB NEW SYSTEM USED IN

LOS ANGELES

Tells of Advantages of Method Em.

ployed in Oregon for Selection

of United StatesSenators

At the meeting of the Central Labor

council Friday night a paper on "The

Advantage of the Direct Primary tothe Working Class" was read by T. D.Fenncssy. The delegates to the councilwere greatly interested in the paper

and voiced their approval by frequentapplause.

The council is composed of delegates

from all affiliated unions, and is tak-ing a decided interest In all measureswhich have for their object good gov-ernment and the betterment of LosAngeles.

"By an overwhelming majority the

voters of California last November ex-pressed themselves in favor of a directprimary," said Mr. Fennessy. "Theyhad grown tired of the boss controlledconvention and wanted a chance to dotheir own nominating. The vote of100,000 majority in favor of the consti-tutional amendment showed how gen-eral was the sentiment for a system of-direct nomination.

"When the legislature met it setabout to give the people what they. had asked for. In a measure It succeed-ed; but in many particulars the law isdefective—due to the zeal of the party

leaders to make the direct primary asunworkable as possible.

Step In Right Direction

"The direct primary law that wasfinally enacted is not what we wouldhave written if it had been loft to us.but it is a long step in the right direc-tion. What we got was wrung froma reluctant legislature. What defectsthere are will be remedied by menchosen under the system of direct nom-ination.

"Under the provisions of the law asit stands any person desiring to becomea candidate for office lias a petitiondrawn up announcing the office towhich he aspires and tho party with\u25a0which he Is affiliated.

"This petition, then, is circulated forsignatures, and when enough nameshave been signed therqto the petitionis filed with the propeV officials andthe candidate's name goes upon theballot of the party with which he is af-filiated.

"The number of names required tobe signed to a petition varies with theoffico sought.

"Ifthe office sought Is a state office,for Instance, the petition must be cir-culated in at least ten counties; and atleast 1 per cent and not more than 10per cent of the party vote In each ofthe ten counties must be obtained onthe petition.

"If for a county office, the petitionmust be circulated In at least one-fourth of the precincts in the county,and the petition must bear the namesof at least 3 per cent and not morethan 10 per cent of the party votein each of these precincts.

Danger of Fraud Small"All nominations must be made In

this manner."The primary election is held on the

third Tuesday in August. Each partyhas its own separate ballot, but allparties have the same polling place andthe same election officers. In fact, allthe laws that govern a general electionapply to the primary election, so thereis little danger of fraud.

"Upon entering the election booththe voter asks for the ballot of theparty with which he is affiliated. Hisaffiliation is attested, of course, by thsofficial records, as under the Devlinlaw all voters are required to statetheir party affiliation at the time ofregistration.

"If tho voter has registered as amember of the Union Labor party heasks for the ballot of that party. Uponentering the voting place and unfoldinghis ballot he will find the names of can-didates arranged alphabetically undereach office. It Is important that hehold this point in mind: Every nameon his ballot is a member of his partyand he is voting for the person whomhe wants to be the nominee of hisparty at the general election to be heldin November.

"After he has stamped a cross afterthe candidates of his choice he foldshis ballot and hands it to the electionofficials. Just as at a regular election.

California's Law Superior"The candidate who receives the

greatest number of votes for each par-ticular office is declared the party nom-inee for that office.

"His name then goes upon tha ballotin the party column, to be voted uponin November. In other words, he be-comes the party nominee.

"As far as the law applies to stateoffices and county offices, California'sdirect primary is perhaps the peer ofany stats In the Union. But it is veryeffective as regards the United Statessenator.

"The machine politicians In the lastlegislature tried to eliminate all refer-ence to the United States senatorship,but they met with defeat, A compro-mise was adopted which gives the peo-ple at least a chance to. do their ownselecting. .

"Under the compromise the names ofall candidates for United States sena-tor go upon the primary ballot, Just usother candidates. Whover Is the choiceof a majority of the legislative districtswill perhaps be declared the party nom-inee. But as candidates for tho legis-lature are privileged to consider them-selves bound either by tho choice of themajority of the districts or by theirimmediate districts only, it is appar-ent that there is plenty of opportunityfor playing politics.

"What the people should demand Isthe Oregon system of choosing senators.Under the present system the.re Is littlelikelihood that the workingmen, as aparty, will ever have any Influence onthe United States senatorship.

Explains OVegon System"Under the Oregon system, all par-

ties make their nominations for federalsenator at the regular primary elec-tion-, and then all the party nomineesare submitted to the vote of all thepeople at the general election in No-vember in the same manner that thogovernor or other .state officer is chosen.It becomes obligatory for the legisla-ture to name as United States senatorwhoever received the largest vote ofthe people at the general election.

"Another vital defect is the provision

which prevents a person being the can-didate of more than one party. ThereIs no reason why a man—say a judge—who lihs given satisfacllon to all par-ties, should not be indorsed by thevoters of all parties. The politicians

have made It Impossible to Indorse apopular candidate.

"For practical purposes, I guess, theyhave succeeded; but thero Is a loopholethat will Hppeal to nil worklngmen.

It is this: Th« ballots provide that Iblnnk spaco shall be left on the ballotso that a voter can write In the nameof any candidate he pleases. Now,while the person whose name appearson another party ballot cannot be print-

ed on, say the Union Labor ballot, stillthere Is nothing In the law to preventevery Union Labor voter from writingon his ballot the name of some popularman who might be the candidate ofOne or the other parties. Our friendswill do well to keep that point In view.

May Indorse Candidates

"The lust couple of paragraph! of thispaper were prepared previous to the re-cent decision of the election commis-sioners of San Francisco, which in-structed the registrar of voters to pro-ceed in accordance with an opinionadopted by them, that political partieshave a right to nominate a candidateregardless of whether he whs a mem-ber of the party nominating him or not.This means that there may be Indorse-ment of candidates and that severalparties or organizations may nominatethe same candidates at the approach-inK primary.

"The supreme court of this statehas as yet not passed on the matter,but it Is to be hoped that It Will up-hold the decision of the election com-mission of San Francisco.

"Senator Le Roy Wright of SanDiego, who is given credit for father-ing the direct primary bill, introducedanother bill that would have proved asevere blow to the workingman had Itnot been killed.

"This was a scheme to prevent In-dependent nominations after the day

of the primary. At present we canwait until we see what sort of menthe Republican and Democratic or So-cialist parties, for instance, name; thenif we want to we can indorse certaincandidates that are friendly to labor.Senator Wright tried to prevent ourdoing that, but the people set up sucha howl that he was dissuaded from hisscheme.

Los Angeles in the Front"The rigjit to make nominations

after the primary election is the great-est safeguard that we have; it shouldnever be surrendered.

"In the limited time at my disposalI trust I have made myself plain re-garding the general provisions of thelaw governing state elections.

"In all matters concerning civicprogress Los Angeles is always foundin the. forefront. The citizens of thiscity on February 2 of this year votedon certain charter amendments, amongwhich was amendment No. 4, relating

to direct primaries."As will be remembered, this par-

ticular amendment was bitterly foughtby the agents of the public utility cor-porations and the vicious and disrep-utable elements, always under theirdomination.

"It Is gratifying to record that theamendment carried by an emphatic

vote."Its provisions are more pronounced

and democratic than the state directprimary law, allowing voters, irrespec-tive of party designation, to determinetheir choice.

"The primary nomination election—which, I trust, you will always bearin mind is more important, even, thanthe general election —shall be held notless than three nor more than fiveweeks preceding the general election InDcember.

Praises Non-Partisan Feature"Under its provisions a petition,

signed by 100 qualified voters, entitlesa nominee to be placed on the primaryelection ballot. No voter may signmore than one petition for a candidatefor the same office.

"Another provision—and, in my opin-ion, one that places it head and shoul-ders oxer the state law—is that thereshall be nothing on any ballot indica-tive of the party affiliation, source ofcandidacy or support of any candidate.

"In other words, and different fromthe state law—which does not applyto cities having taken the initiativein passing charter provisions to gov-ern themselves thus intelligently—in-stead of a voter asking for a ballot ofany one political party, he enters hisvoting booth and Is handed a ballotwhich contains the names of aspirantsfor office; and mark you again, thesecandidates are arranged alphabetically,having no party designation, enablingone to cast his" vote without partyprejudice for the man, and not hispolitical affiliations.

"TIM two candidates receiving thehighest number of votes for any givenoffice at the primary nominating elec-tion shall be the candidates, and theonly candidates, for such offices whosename.'; shall be printed on the ballotsto be used at the general municipalelection; provided, that where morethan one office of the same kind is tobe filled, the candidates therefor equal-ing, in number, twice the number ofsuch offices, who receive the highestnumber of votes at the primary nom-inating election shall be the candidatesand the only candidates for such officewhose names shall be printed upon theballot to be used at such general elec-tion.

Hold Balance of Power"In the indorsement of this council

for. this primary law, I remember, therewere delegates who believed It unwiseto limit the candidates on the generalelection ballot to the two candidatesreceiving the highest number of votes,and where more than one office Is to befilled, the candidates therefor, equal Innumber of such offices, who receive thehighest number of votes at the primaryelection.

"It appears to me self-evident thatifa candidate who does not show suffi-cient strength to poll the first or secondhighest vote at the primary electionshould be deemed, logically, as one whowould not be the choice of the peopleat the general election,

"To emphasize: Ifyou men will maketh« primary election your chief aim,you can, unitedly, have your candidateplaced on the general election ticket;but If you don't poll the highest orsecond highest vote you should be can-did enough to admit th.it you have notsufficient strength to elect your nom-inee.

"In any event, with the balance ofpower—which you undoubtedly havp—you can elect at the general election thecandidates who will beat nerve yourInterests.

"All laws pertaining to general elec-tions are in force regarding primaryelections, including that entitling one toabsent himself from any service oremployment for the period of two con-secutive hours.

Convention Eliminated"The above arc the direct primary

methods of naming nominees. Underthe old system all that the people didat the primary election was to voteifora group of delegates to v party con-vention. The delegates elected thenwould meet and decide upon whom theywanted us the party nominees. Usuallythey took program and voted whomeverUse bosses had slated for the variousoffices. The people hod nothing what-ever to say about who the party nom-inee should be; their power ended withthe election of the delegates to the con-vention.

'Tnder the ' direct primary there Isno convention and no.. delegates to beelected. The voters are the delegates.Upon the,ballot are all the candidatesfor ' the various offices, and Mr. Voterdimply votes for whoever he thinks Is,

the most fitted and the most worthyto represent him.

"In conclusion, and I think It mostapropos under the general slactlon sub-ject, to call your attention to an ar-ticle in a recent issue of a morningpaper, which states that 'Walter Par-ker Is hurrying back to this city andwill devote his time until the next elec-tion in giving the "machine" a thoroughoverhauling. All defective parts are tnbe removed, bolts ami nuts tightenedup, the working parts well oiled, andeverything brought to the highest stateof efficiency.

To Raise Campaign Fund"'The real headquarters of the "ma-

chine" will be Mr. Parkers offices inthe Pacific Electric building, fromwhich all orders will be issued, to beexecuted through the Republicanleague, the Sequoia club, the (ierman-

Amerlcan Republican league and theother subsidiary party organisation*,

" 'No secret is made of the Nfaet thatorders have been given that the non-partisan movement (In other words,anybody that won't do Walter's bid-din) must be wiped off the map, andto this end a campaisn fund (that Isalways important, mark you) will beraised.

" 'Organization experts are alreadystudying up on the new direct primary,and a full and comprehensive reportwill be ready for submission to Mr.Parker as soon as he returns.'

"The above extracts would be lu-dicrous if they did not warrant seriousthought. Delegates to the council, ranyou arouse yourselves from the apathy,to say the least, that overcomes you onmatters which are of the gravest mo-ment to you?

"Can you realize that the above isbut a blunt viewpoint of the politicalsituation?

••Walter Parker, the agent of a greatpublic utilitycorporation, organized forconstruction and maintenance of atransportation company, is now- andpractically — organizing forces withwhich he hopes to place in politicalpower those who have in the past, andwil! continue in the future, to enactlegislation for corporate Interests andagainst the people's welfare.

"Have we such short memories thatwe cannot remember how our childlabor bills and measures beneficial tothe working classes are, year afteryear, either buried in committee or de-feated In one or both houses or vetoedby the governor?

"However, I am most optimistic as tothe future. I believe we are awaken-ing to the importance of giving carefulstudy—and not at the eleventh hour—to matters of vital import to the citi-zenship of this city and state.

"I am of the firm opinion that theworking people will be counted on theside of civic righteousness and will aidtheir cause—in the only practical way—by casting their lot with those who arestriving to purify the city and state ofdomination and thralldom of the viciousand corrupt elements.

"The direct primary is certainly nbody blow which will lead to the deathof the political machine. Like tMe In-itiative, referendum and recall, onceenacted and placed on the statute booksit will never be surrendered by the peo-now to hear from one who has made aIt by the machine bosses, their hire-lings and their subsidized organs."

Painters InjuredCharles White, 47 years old, of 7S4Ms

South Spring street and F. L. John-son, 44 years old, of 647 Banning street,two painters, were severely injuredyesterday when the swinging scaffoldon which they were working at 1618Rockwood street gave way because ofthe hooks supporting it rippingthrough the rotten shingles, and pre-cipitated them to the ground, thirtyfeet below.

ALAS, POOR CHIN CHINO!WHY WAS HE DYED?

Kennel Club Tries the Appeal ofPrincess Montgylon from Dog

Show Decision

NEW YORK. May B.—Chin Chino,

the famous chow dog of Merci Argen-teau, Princess de Montglyou, Comtessed'Argenteau, wife of Capt. "Jack"Bonavita, the lion tamer, added an-other chapter yesterday to the book oftrouble he has made, involving theprincess, Mrs. Ada Olive Van Heusen,her erstwhile doarest friend, and theAmerican Kennel club.

Because, when Chin Chino was ex-hibited two years ago at the Bostondog show It was discovered he had alittle red dye on his coat. PrincessMontglyou was the appallant yesterdaybefore a trial committee of the Kennelclub, in the club room, 1 Liberty street.

Who dyed the dog? Whan was hedyed? Why was he dyed? Thesequestions wrecked a friendship andstarted two libel suits for $50,000.

Two years ago Princess Montglyouand Mrs. Van Heusen were the bestfriends. Both are dog fanciers. At theBoston show Princess Montglyou ex-hibited Chin Chlno. Mrs. Heusen ex-hibited in the same class, but, as ontwo other occasions, the royal entrycarried off first honors.

This was on a Tuesday. FridayCharles MacKechple, Mrs. Van Heu-sen's kennel man, discovered dye onChin Chinos coat and entered a com-plaint which resulted In the dog's dis-qualification and loss of the prize.Then followed an exchange of lettersbetween the women, published in asporting paper, and the two suits forlibel.

In her letter Mrs. Van Heusen vir-tually charged that Chin Chlno hadbeen dyed at the time of the pudgingand that the dyeing had been donewith the knowledge of the princess.Princess Montglyou, In her epistle, in-timated that Mrs. Van Heusen had thedye put on Chin Chinos back out ofJealousy.

The trial committee of the Kennelclub Is trying to find out the truth, onan appeal taken by the PrincessMontglyou, over the decision of theNew England Kennel club disqualify-ing Chin Chlno. Yesterday's hearingbegan fit 10 a. tn. and lasted until 5p m. Then an adjournment was takento May 4.

Mrs. Van Heusen took the. stand andsaid that it was her belief the dog wasdyed at the time of the Judging andtbat the Princess Montglyou had priorknowledge of it. This the princess in-dignantly denied when her turn came.

Dozens of affidavits were introducedby both sides and a mass of expert tes-.timony taken. . . "-^\u25a0'-,';« « \u25a0

<§> TABLE OF TEMPERATURES <*<S>. •$><$ HAN FRANCISCO, May B.—Maxl- <i><•\u25a0 mum temperature at 8 a. m. «j><•> Knn»u« City fill <j>\u0084."•. SI. Louis 58 »<•> Omaha '50 •& St. P«ul 48 4>. Flttsbtirg «0 <S><£> Chlrago • /.y....... 84 «•>> Maximum trmperatttr* .ending :t <,i---<•'. hour* nt 5 a. in. " s <$>. Muslim , 50 <|><S> lliiiritlu 53 \u25a0"

\u25a0j,, Cincinnati (10 '$'<& Denver 11 •><& El ram 88 <•><i> Mltie Hock 74 <f>$ New York «8 ••>*. Norfolk •• 88 <«>\u25a0i> Oklahoma City 80 <•>... I'ortland, Ore 11 4>.. lirno \u25a0 • \u25a0••>*•••-«... 1*| <§>..Salt Lake 88 <S>A SimkHiie «•;<•>\u25a0i. San l'°ranclu'O 62 • >|>

Public Letter BoxTO CORRESPONDENTS— Letters Intended

for publication -*UMt be accompanied by thename and address of the writer. Th. Her-

"idl give, the widest latitude to correspond,

enU. bat assumes no responsibility for their

views. Letters mast not exceed 300 word..

DRAGS OUT THE DREARYDISCUSSION OF DEMONOLOGY

POMONA, May 4.—[Editor Herald]:

Being compelled to let go of Lucifer,

your correspondent "Lux" clings to the

names devil and Satan, and •brings out

a new name in Beelzebub. Of the lat-

ter you will see it was not an evil

spirit, but a god of the- Philistines inEkron-I Kings 1:2, 3, 6, 16. Satan isan untranslated word meaning ad-

versary," as it Is given in Job 1:6,

mars. When translated the word is

rendered adversary in Numbers M:XJJ,

I Samuel 29:4, and other places. It is

also translated to withstand (marg. tobe an adversary) in Numbers 22:32; andto resist (margin, to be an adversary)

in Zech. 3:2. It is only when not trans-

lated that the word savors of brim-stone.

which oCcurs only in theOf devil, which oCcurs only in theNew Testament, I have shown that It

Is a personification of sin In Its various

manifestations among men, and will

not ask for space for that into whichI have already gone. '''i"?. ...

But in New Testament devils, which,"Lux" brings up, an altogether differ-ent subject is Introduced. The originalword Is different In etymology andmeaning from the word rendered devil,

which we have been considering. Of

these devils (R. V. margin, demons) ofwhich persons were Bald to be pos-sessed, the manifestations when de-scribed point clearly to physical andmental disorders. Of one it is said(Mark 5:15) that after having beenhealed he was found "sitting, andclothed in his right mind." The plainInference is that before healing he wasnaked and crazy. In Matthew 9:32,33,

It is said, "They brought to him a dumbman, possessed with a devil, and whenthe devil was cast out the dumb spake."Also In Matthew 12:22. "There wasbrought unto him one possessed with adevil, blind and dumb, and he healedhim, insomuch that the blind and dumbboth spake and saw." Similar illus-

trations might be given, that supposedevil spirit possession was but the ex-pressions of Ignorance, to which lan-guage New Testament writers con-formed, without countenancing it, aswe would today.

The whole subject of demoniacal pos-

session Is most forcibly summed up in

the article on "Demonology" In theEncyclopoedla Brlttanica, edition 1893,volume 7, page 61, as follows: "Sometheologians, while in deference to ad-vanced medical knowledge they aban-don the primitive theory of demonscausing such diseases In our own time,place themselves in an embarrassingposition by maintaining, on the sup-posed sanction of the Scriptures, thatthe same symptoms were really cause/!by demoniacal possession In the firstcentury. A full statement of the argu-ments on both sides of this once im-portant controversy will be found inearlier editions of the Bncy. Britt., butfor our times It seems too like a dis-cussion whether the earth was reallyflat in the ages when It was believedto be so, hut became round since as-tronomers provided a different explana-tion of the same phenomena."

JAMES T. IRWIN.

PRAISES SUGGESTION OF

HOMELIKE PLACE FOR GIRLS

LOS ANOHLKS. May 4.—[EditorHerald]: Let me ilunik the womanwho suggested a homelike boardingplace for girls Who earn their own liv-ings. I am under the impression thatshe does not mean anything like acharitable institution, for no self-re-\u25a0pectlni girl would accept anything ofthe kind, and she does not need it.Also allow me tn siißßWst that the su-pervision over tlie glrll be something

like a mother would have over her owndaughters and that the Kills be nottreated as If they needed watching ormade to feel that they were inmatesof some institution. There would benothing homelike about that. Girls donot need watching as much as boys do,yet 1 never heard of anyone puttingthem in a home iwhere thalr liberty

was restricted, except in the case of< liilihvii. It is not that v gh'l wantsunnecessary freedom, but it hurts herpride to be treated *s a jailbird. Let

the home be a place where she can en-tertain her friends in the parlor, as ather own home. A YOUNG GIRL.

SAYS PLEA FOR HOMESWAS IGNORED BY WRITERS

LOS ANGELES, May 4.—[EditorHerald]: Several of us women werediscussing why every effort made forreal protection of womanhood wasstrangled by the world under one pre-tense or another. The article which ap-peared a week or two ago pleaded forsuitable homes for the working womenwhere they might live in safety and atthe same time have a.little of the sun-shine of the social life, fell flat; in oth-er words, upon seemingly deaf ears;as there was not another article on theBubject. Now an article dealing withany other subject under the sun wouldhave called forth a notice of some kind.We would have had yards and yards

of the Bible telling women what Godsaid she should not do, but nothing tohelp her solve the problem of how tolive on a mere pittance and not sell herbody to who might happen to bid forIt. Nothing. The Bible is a man'sbook, written by a man for men. Letman keep it for himself, and not insistupon thrusting it in the face of woman,to her degradation.

If some of the Bible readers wouldread "The Long Day" they might re-alize that, there is work to do that isnot done by Idle Bible readers in orderthat they may shirk the work that liesso plainly before them. They sticktheir heads in the Bible when duty andwomanhood go by, and they see themnot. A GOOD SERVANT.

In the WestShorthorn—lsn't It a lot or trouble to pick

out your own oow« from that big bunch?liOnghom—No, stranger. My troubled come

ef I tried ter pick out some other filler'scows." —Cleveland Leader.

DE CHAUVENET CONCERTThe De Chauvenet concert given yes-

terday at the T. F. B. building was at-tended by a sympathetic and enthusi-astic audience. An unusual interestprevailed, all the numbers being com-posed by De Chauvenet, who displayedconsiderable genius in his various com-positions. Ernst Douglas gave an ex-tremely interesting exposition anddemonstration of the "Fugue," whichgave the audience a conception of D»Chauvenet's Fugue. A. R. Carpenter

and Mme. De Ohauvenet very artist!-cang "All for Thee." airs. GertrudeParsons gave a vivid and realistic ac-count of "How to Think in Music." Hertalk was plain and comprehensive a;idfull of Interest. Little Ardis Olds wonmany laurels by her thrillingrenditionof the "Hungarian Concerto Path«t-ique."

LOS ANGELES HERALD: SUNDAY MORNING. MAY 0, 1900, 7

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